CN106443241A - Monitoring method and device and protection method and device of train braking resistor - Google Patents
Monitoring method and device and protection method and device of train braking resistor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106443241A CN106443241A CN201610789223.XA CN201610789223A CN106443241A CN 106443241 A CN106443241 A CN 106443241A CN 201610789223 A CN201610789223 A CN 201610789223A CN 106443241 A CN106443241 A CN 106443241A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/005—Testing of electric installations on transport means
- G01R31/008—Testing of electric installations on transport means on air- or spacecraft, railway rolling stock or sea-going vessels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0076—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to braking
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
- G01R19/16571—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533 comparing AC or DC current with one threshold, e.g. load current, over-current, surge current or fault current
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
- G01R21/06—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by measuring current and voltage
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- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a monitoring method and device and protection method and device of a train braking resistor. The monitoring method comprises the steps that 1) the feedback power of the DC side and the power of an intermediate support capacitor are obtained in real time, and the total power generated by braking of the AC side is converted into the total conversion power obtained by the DC side; 2) according to the feedback power of the DC side, the power of the intermediate support capacitor and the total conversion power, real-time consumed power of the braking resistor is obtained; and 3) overcurrent and temperature rise states of the braking resistor are determined. The monitoring device comprises a real-time monitoring module, a power obtaining module and a determination module. According to the protection method, the braking resistor, which is monitored in the monitoring method in real time, is cut off and kept for one period when overcurrent occurs and/or temperature rise is too high. The protection device comprises the monitoring device and a protection controller. The methods and devices have the advantages including that the methods are simple, the needed cost is low, fault points of a system can be reduced, the precision and reliability are high, and maintenance is convenient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to railcar technical field, the monitoring method of more particularly, to a kind of vehicle-mounted braking resistor, device and
Guard method, device.
Background technology
The trailer system of railcar is mainly by high-speed circuit breaker, charge/discharge unit, filter reactor, intermediate supports electricity
Appearance, inversion unit, chopper, braking resistor and control unit are constituted, and the DC inverter of power supply is become three-phase voltage, electric current
Frequency-adjustable alternating current, power to threephase asynchronous machine or magneto, with drive train advance.The saving for trying one's best was braked
In journey brake shoe and wheel to abrasion, electric energy can be converted kinetic energy into using electric braking as far as possible in braking procedure, then by electric energy
Feed back to electrical network.Because electrical network can not absorb the electric energy of Brake feedback, thus during electric braking, net pressure can be lifted, for keeping away
Exempt from net pressure raise too high, can control open copped wave loop so that motor by the energy of inverter fed pass through braking resistor with
The form of heat consumes.
For the monitoring of braking resistor excessively stream in railcar, it is typically with current sensor direct measurement copped wave at present
Flow through the current value of braking resistor after opening, but in such method, controlling machine box need additional current sensor to gather system
Dynamic resistor current, then simultaneously need to increasing the confession electricity output of data acquisition channel and current sensor, and the electricity to Real-time Collection
Stream information is processed, and also can increase the burden of processor.
Railcar, as rapid transit vehicles, needs ceaselessly to start and stop, in each docking process, major part is adopted
With electric braking, and almost the energy of most electric brakings feedbacks all can consume in braking resistor, so in order to avoid braking
Resistance temperature rise is too high, typically sets up temperature relay near the resistive band of braking resistor at present, when temperature is higher than certain value
When, the actuating of relay, control system turns off copped wave loop, cancels electric braking, recovers Block brake.By setting up temperature relay
The temperature rising state of monitoring braking resistor, on the one hand, setting temperature relay needs to increase hardware cost, the cost of required realization
High；On the other hand, as described above, the energy overwhelming majority of train braking is all to be dissipated by the heat that braking resistor produces,
Braking resistor always works at the higher state of temperature, so the temperature environment of temperature relay work is also extremely severe, it is old
Change speed, thus fault rate in practice is higher, this can affect the reliability of system, also can increase further simultaneously
Trouble point；In addition temperature relay need to be embedded on resistive band, safeguards also inconvenient.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that：The technical problem existing for prior art, the present invention provides one
Plant simple, the required low cost of implementation method, system failure point, precision and reliability height can be reduced and be easy to the vehicle-mounted system safeguarded
The monitoring method of dynamic resistance, device and guard method, device.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, technical scheme proposed by the present invention is：
A kind of monitoring method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor, step includes：
1) obtain DC side feedback power, the braking of intermediate supports electric capacity storage during Target Towing Braking system in real time
The power of energy, and the general power of AC braking generation is converted the conversion general power obtaining to DC side；
2) according to get described DC side feedback power, intermediate supports electric capacity storage the power of braking energy and
Conversion general power, obtains the real-time power consumption of braking resistor；
3) according to described step 2) the real-time power consumption of braking resistor that obtains, judge excessively stream, the temperature rise of braking resistor
State.
As the improvement further of monitoring method of the present invention, described step 2) in concrete be calculated braking electricity according to the following formula
The real-time power consumption of resistance；
Pr=Pm-Pz-PC；
Wherein, PrFor the real-time power consumption of braking resistor, PmIt is that the general power producing AC braking is converted to direct current
The conversion general power that side obtains, PzFor DC side feedback power, PCThe power of the braking energy storing for intermediate supports electric capacity, and
PzDC side electric current be feedback direction when be just, DC side electric current be negative when being the direction in opposite direction with feedback, PCIn centre
The voltage at Support Capacitor two ends when increasing be just, the voltage at intermediate supports electric capacity two ends be negative when reducing.
As the improvement further of monitoring method of the present invention, the obtaining step of described conversion general power is：
It is converted into turning of DC side previously according to trailer system middle gear conversion efficiency, motor conversion efficiency and AC
Change efficiency, the general power obtaining producing AC braking is converted to the transformation efficiency of DC side；
Obtain the general power that motor braking produces in real time, conversion according to the following formula obtains described conversion general power；
Pm=Pb×η；
Wherein, PbThe general power producing for motor braking, η converts the general power that AC braking produces to DC side
Transformation efficiency.
As the improvement further of monitoring method of the present invention, general power that described motor braking produces is especially by adopting in real time
Moment T of motor and rotating speed n in collection Target Towing system, and be calculated as follows and obtain；
Pb=FV；
F=T × n × i/r；
V=3.6 × D × π × n/60/i；
Wherein, F is to produce conversion to the power in wheel week, and V is the linear velocity of motor, and i is train gear ratio, and r is train
Wheel radius, η be transformation efficiency, D be train wheel diameter, n be motor number；
Improvement further as monitoring method of the present invention：Described DC side feedback power is especially by Real-time Collection target
The voltage U at intermediate supports electric capacity two ends in trailer system and trailer system DC side electric current I acquires, described direct current
The computing formula of side feedback power is：
Pz=UI；
The power of the braking energy of described intermediate supports electric capacity storage, especially by energy in Real-time Collection Target Towing system
The voltage Uc at intermediate supports electric capacity two ends before amount change0, and energy variation after intermediate supports electric capacity two ends voltage Uc1Obtain
Obtain, the rating formula of the braking energy of described intermediate supports electric capacity storage is：
PC=1/2C △ Uc2；
△Uc2=1/2Uc1 2-1/2Uc0 2；
Wherein, C is the capacitance of intermediate supports electric capacity, △ Uc2Electricity for intermediate supports electric capacity two ends before and after energy variation
Flatten variance.
As the improvement further of monitoring method of the present invention, described step 3) in judge whether braking resistor occurs excessively stream
Concretely comprise the following steps：The voltage at Real-time Collection braking resistor two ends, according to the magnitude of voltage collecting and described step 2) obtain
Braking resistor power consumption, calculates the electric current flowing through braking resistor in real time, judges braking resistor by calculated current value
Whether there is excessively stream.
Improvement further as monitoring method of the present invention：Described step 3) in concrete Real-time Collection braking resistor two ends
Voltage, and calculate the real-time resistance of braking resistor according to the real-time power consumption of the described braking resistor obtaining, by being calculated
Real-time resistance judge braking resistor whether temperature rise be too high；Or described step 3) in specific reference to the described braking resistor obtaining
Power consumption, calculates the real-time braking resistor total energy consumption in each braking period in real time, and under the harshest operating mode with braking resistor
Energy consumption is compared, and whether temperature rise is too high to judge braking resistor；Or described step 3) in specific reference to the described braking electricity obtaining
The real-time power consumption of resistance, calculates the mean power specifying an inside brake braking period resistance consumption, and with reference to mean power
It is compared, whether temperature rise is too high to judge braking resistor.
As the improvement further of monitoring method of the present invention, described step 3) concretely comprise the following steps：
3.1), when each braking period executes, obtain the real-time power consumption of described braking resistor and gather braking resistor two
The voltage at end, calculates the real-time resistance of braking resistor, judges whether calculated real-time resistance exceedes default maximum value, such as
Fruit is to judge that braking resistor temperature rise is too high and exits, otherwise return execution step 3.1), until having executed the current brake cycle,
Proceed to execution step 3.2)；
3.2) calculate the real-time braking resistor total energy consumption in the current brake cycle, and judge described real-time braking resistor total energy
Whether consumption exceedes energy consumption under the harshest operating mode of braking resistor, if it is, judging that braking resistor temperature rise is too high and exits, otherwise returns
Execution step 3.1)；If executed specifying a braking period, proceed to execution step 3.3)；
3.3) calculate the mean power that braking resistor consumes, and judge whether to exceed with reference to mean power, if it is, judging
Braking resistor temperature rise is too high and exits, and otherwise returns execution step 3.1).
As the improvement further of monitoring method of the present invention, the computing formula of described braking resistor total energy consumption is：
WrFor t0To t1The braking resistor total energy consumption in moment, PmThe general power producing for described braking is converted to DC side institute
The braking general power obtaining, PzFor DC side feedback power, PCFor intermediate supports Capacitance Power；
The computing formula of the mean power of described braking resistor consumption is：
Wherein Wr1For t0To t1The mean power that the braking resistor in moment consumes；
Improvement further as monitoring method of the present invention：The energy consumption of the harshest operating mode of described braking resistor is especially by system
The harshest absorbed power curve of dynamic resistance obtains.
A kind of monitoring device of vehicle-mounted braking resistor, including：
Real-time monitoring module, for DC side feedback power, centre during real-time acquisition Target Towing Braking system
The power of the braking energy of support electric capacity storage, and the general power of AC braking generation is converted the conversion obtaining to DC side
General power；
Power acquisition module, for the system according to the described DC side feedback power getting, the storage of intermediate supports electric capacity
The power of energy and conversion general power, obtain the real-time power consumption of braking resistor；
Judge module, for the braking resistor power consumption obtaining according to described real-time monitoring module, judges braking resistor
Whether there is excessively stream and whether occur temperature rise too high.
As the improvement further of monitoring device of the present invention, described judge module includes excessively stream judging submodule and temperature rise
Too high judging submodule, the too high judging submodule of described temperature rise includes：
Resistance transfinites judging unit, when executing, obtains the real-time consumed work of described braking resistor for each braking period
Rate simultaneously gathers the voltage at braking resistor two ends, calculates the real-time resistance of braking resistor, whether judges calculated real-time resistance
Exceed default maximum value, if it is, judging that braking resistor temperature rise is too high and exits, otherwise returning to execute described resistance and transfinite and sentencing
Disconnected unit, until execute the current brake cycle, proceeds to and executes total energy consumption and transfinite judging unit；
Total energy consumption transfinites judging unit, for calculating the real-time braking resistor total energy consumption in the current brake cycle, and judges
Whether described real-time braking resistor total energy consumption exceedes energy consumption under the harshest operating mode of braking resistor, if it is, judging braking resistor temperature
Rise too high and exit, otherwise returning execution resistance transfinites judging unit；If after having executed specified braking period, proceed to execution average
Power transfinites unit；
Mean power transfinites unit, for calculating the mean power of braking resistor consumption, and judges whether to exceed with reference to flat
All power, if it is, judging that braking resistor temperature rise is too high and exits, otherwise returning and executing described resistance and transfinite judging unit.
The present invention further provides a kind of guard method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor, step includes：According to above-mentioned monitoring method
Monitoring braking resistor, if monitoring to occur excessively stream or temperature rise too high, controlling cut-out braking resistor and keeping a braking period, with
Prevent braking resistor from occurring excessively stream or temperature rise too high.
The present invention further provides a kind of protection system of vehicle-mounted braking resistor, including above-mentioned monitoring device and protection control
Device processed, described monitoring device real-time monitoring braking resistor, if monitoring to occur excessively stream or temperature rise too high, described protection controls dress
Put control cut-out braking resistor and keep a braking period, to prevent braking resistor from occurring excessively stream or temperature rise too high.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that：
1) present invention utilizes braking energy in trailer system to produce, consume relation and conservation of energy principle, by handing over
Stream side power converts DC side, thus acquire the real-time power consumption of braking resistor based on DC side power, by braking
The real-time power consumption of resistance judges the excessively stream of braking resistor, temperature rising state simultaneously, and implementation method is simple, need not set up electric current and pass
The auxiliary equipments such as sensor, temperature sensor, the required low cost and trouble point of sensor etc. can be reduced, and it is based on braking resistor
Power consumption can obtain accurate, reliable excessively stream and temperature rise monitoring result, simultaneously facilitate and safeguarded；
2) present invention is further with existing structure in trailer system, total in conjunction with the braking generation being easily obtained in real time
Power, DC side feedback power, the power calculation of the braking energy of intermediate supports electric capacity storage obtain braking resistor power consumption,
Process of realizing is simple, and the data of required process is few, and need not be additionally to braking resistor setting electric current, temperature acquisition equipment, can
Effectively reduce required cost and trouble point；
3) present invention further only need to be by the energy of real-time Brake feedback and the voltage being added in braking resistor two ends
Indirectly draw the current value flowing through braking resistor in real time, thus monitoring whether braking resistor occurs excessively stream, electric current need not be set up and pass
The direct real-time monitoring of sensor flows through the electric current of braking resistor, and implementation method is simple, can reduce monitoring cost and monitoring accuracy is high；
4) present invention monitoring that comprehensive three kinds of modes are realized to braking resistor temperature rising state jointly further, each brakes all
During phase execution, judge whether that temperature rise is too high by the resistance monitoring braking resistor, and judged by real-time braking resistor total energy consumption
Whether temperature rise is too high, judges whether that temperature rise is too high by braking resistor mean power again, have after a braking period is specified in execution
Effect with reference to resistance transfinite judgements, braking total energy consumption transfinite judge and mean power transfinite and judge the advantage of three kinds of modes, to system
During dynamic, the temperature rising state of braking resistor carries out comprehensive monitoring such that it is able in time, accurately whether monitor braking resistor
There is the too high situation of temperature rise.
Brief description
Fig. 1 be the monitoring method of the vehicle-mounted braking resistor of the present embodiment realize schematic flow sheet.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic diagram. of the main circuit of trailer system in typical railcar.
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic that in the present embodiment, braking energy is constituted.
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic diagram. of vehicle-mounted braking resistor excessively stream and the too high monitoring device of temperature rise in the present embodiment.
Fig. 5 be in the present embodiment the guard method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor realize schematic flow sheet.
Fig. 6 is the principle schematic diagram. of the protection system of vehicle-mounted braking resistor in the present embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and concrete preferred embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not therefore and
Limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, the monitoring method step of the vehicle-mounted braking resistor of the present embodiment includes：
1) obtain DC side feedback power, the braking of intermediate supports electric capacity storage during Target Towing Braking system in real time
The power of energy, and the general power of AC braking generation is converted the conversion general power obtaining to DC side；
2) according to the DC side feedback power getting, the power of braking energy of intermediate supports electric capacity storage and conversion
General power, obtains the real-time power consumption of braking resistor；
3) according to step 2) the braking resistor power consumption that obtains, judge excessively stream, the temperature rising state of braking resistor.
In railcar trailer system main circuit as shown in Fig. 2 mainly include front end charhing unit, filter reactor,
Intermediate supports electric capacity, copped wave unit, inversion unit and braking resistor, wherein charhing unit during electrical haulage, are led on train is firm
Close charging contactor after first, then close short circuit contactor when capacitance voltage rises to certain value, electric to prevent electric capacity to charge
Flow through big；Filter reactor coordinates intermediate supports electric capacity to play the effect of filtering；Inversion unit in traction working condition, by DC inversion
Become voltage, the frequency-adjustable exchange of electric current supplies electricity to traction motor and powers, during damped condition, then will by the control of inversion unit
Train mechanical energy changes into electric energy by electric power generation, thus creating electric braking force.Can be with controlled motor by inversion unit
Traction and the size of braking moment, thus control the size of car load tractive force and brake force.
Braking resistor is mainly used in damped condition, due to braking when in order to reduce air damping (Block brake), meeting as far as possible
Play electric braking as far as possible, the electric energy that electric braking produces then can make intermediate supports electric capacity both end voltage (medium voltage) first
Rise, net pressure also follows its rising closely, when medium voltage (or net pressure) rises to certain value, control the switch opening copped wave unit
Components and parts are so that the energy that electric braking produces can be scattered in the air from braking resistor in the form of heat；When medium voltage (or net
Pressure) when dropping to certain value, control the switching component turning off copped wave unit, medium voltage (or net pressure) rises to certain again
During value, then control and open copped wave loop, whole electric braking process presses said process circulation execution.
As described above, the gross energy producing during motor braking charges so that middle prop up to first intermediate supports electric capacity
Support capacitance voltage rises, and by energy back to DC side electrical network, when middle Support Capacitor overtension, then passes through to open to cut
Wave duct, the portion of energy of braking energy and intermediate supports electric capacity is consumed by braking resistor.The present embodiment is based on traction system
The existing structure of system, using energy production above-mentioned in trailer system, consumes relation and conservation of energy principle, by by AC
Energy is converted to DC side, and the power in conjunction with DC side feedback power and the braking energy of intermediate supports electric capacity storage obtains
To braking resistor power consumption, judged excessively stream, the temperature rising state of braking resistor, implementation method by braking resistor power consumption simultaneously
Simply, the auxiliary equipments such as temperature sensor, required low cost need not be set up, the trouble point of temperature sensor etc. can be reduced, and
Accurate, reliable excessively stream and temperature rise monitoring result can be obtained based on braking resistor power consumption, simultaneously facilitate and safeguarded.
The present embodiment is based on above-mentioned analysis, as shown in figure 3, by braking resistor consumed energy (braking resistor energy absorption) table
It is shown as：
Gross energy (converting to DC side)-intermediate supports electric capacity storage energy that braking resistor consumed energy=braking produces
The energy of changing value-DC side feedback；
Wherein, the energy of intermediate supports electric capacity storage may be for being just likely to be negative, and when voltage increases, energy is just, when
When voltage reduces, energy is negative；
The energy of DC side feedback be likely to for just, be likely to be negative, when electric current is for feedback direction energy be just, work as phase
Opposite direction energy is negative.
In the present embodiment, step 1) in the expression formula of relational model be：
Pr=Pm-Pz-PC(1)
Wherein, PrFor braking resistor power consumption, PmIt is to convert the general power of AC braking generation to obtain to DC side
Conversion general power, PzFor DC side feedback power, PCPower for the braking energy of intermediate supports electric capacity storage；And PzStraight
Stream side electric current be during feedback direction be just, DC side electric current be to be negative during the direction in opposite direction with feedback, PCIn intermediate supports
The voltage at electric capacity two ends when increasing be just, the voltage at intermediate supports electric capacity two ends be negative when reducing.
By, such as (1) Suo Shi, DC side energy being reversely converted into, thus obtaining by the motor braking energy of AC
Obtain the real-time consumed energy of braking resistor, so that the excessively stream of braking resistor, temperature are judged based on real-time braking resistor consumed energy
The state of liter, is effectively utilized braking energy and produces and consume principle, realize simple to operate, need not set up aided-detection device and can
High by property.
In the present embodiment, the obtaining step of conversion general power is：
It is converted into turning of DC side previously according to trailer system middle gear conversion efficiency, motor conversion efficiency and AC
Change efficiency, the general power obtaining producing AC braking is converted to the transformation efficiency of DC side；
Obtain the general power that motor braking produces in real time, obtain converting general power according to formula (2) conversion；
Pm=Pb×η (2)
Wherein, PbThe general power producing for motor braking, η converts the general power that AC braking produces to DC side
Transformation efficiency.
When the general power that AC braking is produced is converted to DC side, specifically need to turn through trailer system middle gear
Change, motor conversion and AC are converted into DC side process, the present embodiment is specifically by gear shift efficiency, motor conversion efficiency
And AC is converted into the transformation efficiency multiplication of DC side, that is, obtains converting to the transformation efficiency η of DC side, acquire electricity
Can convert according to formula (2) after the raw general power of mechanism movable property and obtain DC side power.
In the present embodiment, motor braking produce general power especially by motor in Real-time Collection Target Towing system power
Square T and rotating speed n, and be calculated by formula (3), (4), (5)；
Pb=FV (3)
F=T × N × i/r (4)
V=3.6 × D × π × n/60/i (5)
Wherein, the general power that Pb produces for motor braking, F is to produce conversion to the power in wheel week, and V is the linear velocity of motor, i
For train gear ratio, r is the wheel radius of train, and D is the wheel diameter of train, and N is motor number.What braking produced certainly is total
Power specifically can also be calculated using other modes and obtain.
DC side feedback power is especially by the voltage at the intermediate supports electric capacity two ends in Real-time Collection Target Towing system
U and trailer system DC side electric current I acquires, and the computing formula of DC side feedback power is：
Pz=UI (6)
The power of the braking energy of intermediate supports electric capacity storage, especially by middle in Real-time Collection Target Towing system
The voltage U at support electric capacity two ends acquires, and the rating formula of the braking energy of described intermediate supports electric capacity storage is：
PC=1/2C △ U2(7)
Wherein, C is the capacitance of intermediate supports electric capacity, △ U2Voltage for intermediate supports electric capacity two ends before and after energy variation
The difference of two squares.
In the present embodiment, the voltage U at intermediate supports electric capacity two ends specifically can be by existing intermediate supports in trailer system
Electric capacity both end voltage sensor Real-time Collection obtains, and DC side electric current I specifically can be by DC side electricity existing in trailer system
Flow sensor Real-time Collection obtains；Then utilize trailer system in existing structure, in conjunction with the motor torque T being easily obtained in real time with
And rotating speed n, braking resistor power consumption P can be calculated using formula (1)～(7)r, realize process simply, required process
Data few, and need not additionally to braking resistor setting electric current, temperature acquisition equipment, can effectively reduce required cost and
Trouble point.
In the present embodiment, step 3) in judge whether braking resistor occurs concretely comprising the following steps of excessively stream：Real-time Collection is braked
The voltage at resistance two ends, according to the magnitude of voltage collecting and step 2) the braking resistor power consumption that obtains, calculate in real time
Flow through the electric current of braking resistor, judge whether excessively stream by calculated current value.
Flow through the electric current I of braking resistor in real timerCalculation expression is：
Ir=Pr/Ur(8)
Wherein UrFor the voltage at braking resistor two ends, PrFor braking resistor power consumption Pr.
Using said method, only need to be by between the energy of real-time Brake feedback and the voltage being added in braking resistor two ends
Connecing and draw the current value flowing through braking resistor in real time, thus monitoring whether braking resistor occurs excessively stream, current sense need not be set up
The direct real-time monitoring of device flows through the electric current of braking resistor, and implementation method is simple and monitoring accuracy is high.
The present embodiment step 3) in specifically can by following several ways monitor braking resistor temperature rising state：
1. resistance transfinites judgement
The voltage at Real-time Collection braking resistor two ends, and according to the real-time power consumption of the braking resistor obtaining by formula (9)
Calculate real-time resistance R of braking resistor, judge whether braking resistor occurs temperature rise too high by calculated real-time resistance R.
R=Pr/Ur 2(9)
Resistance value increases with the rising of temperature, after such mode is calculated real-time resistance R, with default maximum value
Being compared, if exceeding default maximum value, judging that braking resistor temperature rise is too high.Maximum value specifically can in design early stage
So that analogue simulation computing determination is carried out according to line condition.
2. total energy consumption transfinites judgement
In braking procedure, obtain braking resistor power consumption in real time as stated above, according to the reality of the braking resistor obtaining
When power consumption, calculate the real-time braking resistor total energy consumption in each braking period by formula (9), and the harshest work with braking resistor
Under condition, energy consumption is compared, and judges whether braking resistor occurs temperature rise too high.
Wherein, WrFor t0To t1The braking resistor total energy consumption in moment, PmThe general power producing for braking is converted to DC side institute
The braking general power obtaining, PzFor DC side feedback power, PCFor intermediate supports Capacitance Power, Pm、Pz、PCComputing formula such as (2)
Shown in～(7).
After such mode is calculated braking resistor total energy consumption in each braking period in real time, the harshest work with braking resistor
The energy consumption of condition is compared, if braking resistor total energy consumption exceedes the energy consumption of the harshest operating mode of braking resistor, judges braking resistor
Temperature rise is too high.The harshest absorbed power curve that the energy consumption of the harshest operating mode of braking resistor specifically can pass through braking resistor obtains,
Will in each braking period calculated real-time braking resistor total energy consumption and braking resistor the harshest absorbed power curve
It is compared, to judge braking resistor temperature rising state.
3. mean power transfinites judgement
According to the real-time power consumption of the braking resistor obtaining, calculate according to formula (11) and specify an inside brake braking period electricity
The mean power that resistance consumes, and be compared with reference to mean power, judge whether braking resistor occurs temperature rise too high.
Wherein Wr1For t0To t1The mean power that the braking resistor in moment consumes, Pm、Pz、PCComputing formula such as (2)～(7)
Shown.
Such mode records the time interval between opening car every time and stopping when vehicle runs, and calculates as stated above
Each the inside brake braking period resistance consumption gross energy obtaining, record calculates mean power after obtaining N group data, will calculate
To mean power be compared with theoretical reference mean power, if it exceeds with reference to mean power, then judgement braking resistor
Temperature rise is too high.Wherein, N specifically can use master station's number that vehicle comes and goes.
4. comprehensive judgement of transfiniting
In such mode, step 3) concretely comprise the following steps：
3.1), when each braking period executes, obtain the real-time power consumption of braking resistor and gather braking resistor two ends
Voltage, calculates the real-time resistance of braking resistor, judges whether calculated real-time resistance exceedes default maximum value, if
It is to judge that braking resistor temperature rise is too high and exits, otherwise return execution step 3.1), until having executed the current brake cycle, turn
Enter execution step 3.2)；
3.2) calculate the real-time braking resistor total energy consumption in the current brake cycle, and judge that real-time braking resistor total energy consumption is
No exceed energy consumption under the harshest operating mode of braking resistor, if it is, judging that braking resistor temperature rise is too high and exit, otherwise return execution
Step 3.1)；If executed specifying a braking period, proceed to execution step 3.3)；
3.3) calculate the mean power that braking resistor consumes, and judge whether to exceed with reference to mean power, if it is, judging
Braking resistor temperature rise is too high and exits, and otherwise returns execution step 3.1).
In such mode, braking resistor total energy consumption is specifically calculated by formula (10), the mean power that braking resistor consumes
Specifically it is calculated by formula (11), the energy consumption of the harshest operating mode of braking resistor is especially by the harshest absorbed power of braking resistor
Curve obtains.
Such mode is the monitoring that comprehensive first three mode realizes jointly to braking resistor temperature rising state, each braking week
During phase execution, judge whether that temperature rise is too high by the resistance monitoring braking resistor, and sentenced according to real-time braking resistor total energy consumption
Disconnected whether temperature rise is too high, consumes mean power by braking resistor again and judge whether temperature rise after a braking period is specified in execution
Height, effectively with reference to resistance transfinite judgement, braking total energy consumption transfinite judgement and average energy consumption transfinite and judge the advantage of three kinds of modes,
Comprehensive monitoring is carried out to the temperature rising state of braking resistor in braking procedure such that it is able in time, accurately monitor braking resistor
Whether there is the too high situation of temperature rise.
After acquiring the real-time power consumption of braking resistor, braking resistor can be monitored by any one mode above-mentioned
Temperature rising state, to judge whether braking resistor occurs temperature rise to cross high state, certainly can also using other modes monitoring braking
The temperature rising state of resistance.
As shown in figure 4, the present embodiment vehicle-mounted braking resistor excessively stream and the too high monitoring device of temperature rise, including：
Real-time monitoring module, for DC side feedback power, centre during real-time acquisition Target Towing Braking system
The power of the braking energy of support electric capacity storage, and the general power of AC braking generation is converted the conversion obtaining to DC side
General power；
Power acquisition module, for the system according to the described DC side feedback power getting, the storage of intermediate supports electric capacity
The power of energy and conversion general power, obtain the real-time power consumption of braking resistor；
Whether judge module, for the braking resistor power consumption obtaining according to real-time monitoring module, judge braking resistor
There is excessively stream and whether occur temperature rise too high.
In the present embodiment, judge module includes excessively stream judging submodule and the too high judging submodule of temperature rise, and temperature rise is too high
Judging submodule includes：
Resistance transfinites judging unit, when executing for each braking period, the described braking resistor consumed work that obtains in real time
Rate simultaneously gathers the voltage at braking resistor two ends, calculates the real-time resistance of braking resistor, whether judges calculated real-time resistance
Exceed default maximum value, if it is, judging that braking resistor temperature rise is too high and exits, otherwise returning to execute described resistance and transfinite and sentencing
Disconnected unit, until execute the current brake cycle, proceeds to and executes total energy consumption and transfinite judging unit；
Total energy consumption transfinites judging unit, for calculating real-time braking resistor total energy consumption in the current brake cycle, and judges
Whether braking resistor total energy consumption exceedes energy consumption under the harshest operating mode of braking resistor in real time, if it is, judging braking resistor temperature rise
High simultaneously exit, otherwise returning execution resistance transfinites judging unit；If after having executed specified braking period, proceed to execution mean power
Transfinite unit；
Mean power transfinites unit, for calculating the mean power of braking resistor consumption, and judges whether to exceed with reference to flat
All power, if it is, judging that braking resistor temperature rise is too high and exits, otherwise returning execution resistance transfinites judging unit.
The present embodiment judge module is transfinited judging unit and average energy by transfinite judging unit, braking total energy consumption of resistance
Consume the cooperation execution of the judging unit that transfinites, the comprehensive of three kinds of modes can be executed to the temperature rising state of braking resistor in braking procedure
Monitoring is such that it is able in time, accurately monitor whether braking resistor occurs the too high situation of temperature rise.
As shown in figure 5, the present embodiment prevents vehicle-mounted braking resistor excessively stream and the too high guard method of temperature rise, step includes：
Monitor braking resistor according to above-mentioned monitoring method, if monitoring to occur excessively stream or temperature rise too high, controlling cut-out braking resistor and protecting
Hold a braking period.
As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment prevents vehicle-mounted braking resistor excessively stream and the too high protection system of temperature rise from including above-mentioned prison
Surveying device and protection control device, monitoring device real-time monitoring braking resistor, if monitoring to occur excessively stream or temperature rise too high, protecting
Shield control device controls cut-out braking resistor and keeps a braking period.
The present embodiment passes through, when monitoring that braking resistor occurs excessively stream or temperature rise too high, to control cut-out braking resistor and protect
Hold a braking period, that is, control cut-out braking resistor a cycle so that the electric current of braking resistor, temperature rising state can keep
In normal range (NR).
The above-mentioned monitoring method of the present embodiment, device and guard method, device specifically can be realized by Software for Design, to pass through
Software mode controls monitoring braking resistor excessively stream, temperature rising state, and executes protection, control realization when excessively stream, temperature rise are too high
Easy and easy to maintain, the cost of hardware design of current sensor, temperature sensor etc. can be saved, that improves system can simultaneously
By property.
Above-mentioned simply presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not makees any pro forma restriction to the present invention.Although the present invention
Disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but it is not limited to the present invention.Therefore, every without departing from technical solution of the present invention
Content, according to the technology of the present invention essence to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification, all should fall
In the range of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of monitoring method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor is it is characterised in that step includes：
1) obtain DC side feedback power, the braking energy of intermediate supports electric capacity storage during Target Towing Braking system in real time
Power, and by AC braking produce general power convert the conversion general power obtaining to DC side；
2) power of braking energy and described according to the described DC side feedback power getting, the storage of intermediate supports electric capacity
Conversion general power, obtains the real-time power consumption of braking resistor；
3) according to described step 2) the real-time power consumption of braking resistor that obtains, judge excessively stream, the temperature rising state of braking resistor.
2. the monitoring method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described step 2) in specifically press
It is calculated the real-time power consumption of braking resistor according to following formula；
Pr=Pm-Pz-PC；
Wherein, PrFor the real-time power consumption of braking resistor, PmIt is to convert the general power of AC braking generation to obtain to DC side
The conversion general power arriving, PzFor DC side feedback power, PCThe power of the braking energy storing for intermediate supports electric capacity, and Pz?
DC side electric current be during feedback direction be just, DC side electric current be to be negative during the direction in opposite direction with feedback, PCAt middle
The voltage at support electric capacity two ends when increasing be just, the voltage at intermediate supports electric capacity two ends be negative when reducing.
3. the monitoring method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that obtaining of described conversion general power
The step is taken to be：
It is converted into the conversion effect of DC side previously according to trailer system middle gear conversion efficiency, motor conversion efficiency and AC
Rate, the general power obtaining producing AC braking is converted to the transformation efficiency of DC side；
Obtain the general power that motor braking produces in real time, conversion according to the following formula obtains described conversion general power；
Pm=Pb×η；
Wherein, PbThe general power producing for braking, η converts the general power that AC braking produces to the transformation efficiency of DC side.
4. vehicle-mounted braking resistor according to claim 3 monitoring method it is characterised in that described motor braking produce
Moment T of motor and rotating speed n when general power is braked especially by Real-time Collection, and be calculated as follows and obtain；
Pb=FV；
F=T × N × i/r；
V=3.6 × D × π × n/60/i；
Wherein, F is the power to wheel week for the conversion, and V is the linear velocity of motor, and i is train gear ratio, and r is the wheel radius of train,
D is the wheel diameter of train, and N is motor number.
5. the vehicle-mounted braking resistor according to any one in Claims 1 to 4 monitoring method it is characterised in that
Described DC side feedback power is especially by the voltage at the intermediate supports electric capacity two ends in Real-time Collection Target Towing system
U and trailer system DC side electric current I acquires, and the computing formula of described DC side feedback power is：
Pz=UI；
The power of the braking energy of described intermediate supports electric capacity storage, especially by energy quantitative change in Real-time Collection Target Towing system
The voltage Uc at intermediate supports electric capacity two ends before change0, and energy variation after intermediate supports electric capacity two ends voltage Uc1Acquire,
The rating formula of the braking energy of described intermediate supports electric capacity storage is：
PC=1/2C △ Uc2；
△Uc2=1/2Uc1 2-1/2Uc0 2；
Wherein, C is the capacitance of intermediate supports electric capacity, △ Uc2Voltage squared for intermediate supports electric capacity two ends before and after energy variation
Difference.
6. the monitoring method of the vehicle-mounted braking resistor according to any one in Claims 1 to 4 is it is characterised in that described
Step 3) in judge whether braking resistor occurs concretely comprising the following steps of excessively stream：The voltage at Real-time Collection braking resistor two ends, according to
The magnitude of voltage collecting and described step 2) the braking resistor power consumption that obtains, calculate the electricity flowing through braking resistor in real time
By calculated current value, stream, judges whether braking resistor occurs excessively stream.
7. the monitoring method of the vehicle-mounted braking resistor according to any one in Claims 1 to 4 is it is characterised in that described
Step 3) in concrete Real-time Collection braking resistor two ends voltage, and the real-time power consumption according to the described braking resistor obtaining
Calculate the real-time resistance of braking resistor, whether temperature rise is too high to judge braking resistor by calculated real-time resistance；Or described step
With specific reference to the real-time power consumption of the described braking resistor obtaining in rapid 3), the braking resistor calculating in each braking period is real
When total energy consumption, and the harshest operating mode with braking resistor under energy consumption be compared, whether temperature rise is too high to judge braking resistor；Or it is described
Step 3) in specific reference to the described braking resistor obtaining real-time power consumption, calculate and specify inside brake braking period resistance
The mean power consuming, and be compared with reference to mean power, whether temperature rise is too high to judge braking resistor.
8. the monitoring method of the vehicle-mounted braking resistor according to any one in Claims 1 to 4 is it is characterised in that described
Step 3) concretely comprise the following steps：
3.1), when each braking period executes, obtain the real-time power consumption of described braking resistor and gather braking resistor two ends
Voltage, calculates the real-time resistance of braking resistor, judges whether calculated real-time resistance exceedes default maximum value, if
It is to judge that braking resistor temperature rise is too high and exits, otherwise return execution step 3.1), until having executed the current brake cycle, turn
Enter execution step 3.2)；
3.2) calculate the real-time braking resistor total energy consumption in the current brake cycle, and judge that described real-time braking resistor total energy consumption is
No exceed energy consumption under the harshest operating mode of braking resistor, if it is, judging that braking resistor temperature rise is too high and exit, otherwise return execution
Step 3.1)；If executed specifying a braking period, proceed to execution step 3.3)；
3.3) calculate the mean power that braking resistor consumes, and judge whether to exceed with reference to mean power, if it is, judging braking
Resistance temperature rise is too high and exits, and otherwise returns execution step 3.1).
9. according to claim 8 the monitoring method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor it is characterised in that described braking resistor total energy consumption
Computing formula is：
WrFor t0To t1The braking resistor total energy consumption in moment, PmThe general power producing for described braking is converted to DC side
Braking general power, PzFor DC side feedback power, PCFor intermediate supports Capacitance Power；
The computing formula of the mean power of described braking resistor consumption is：
Wherein Wr1For t0To t1The mean power that the braking resistor in moment consumes.
10. vehicle-mounted braking resistor according to claim 9 monitoring method it is characterised in that：Described braking resistor is the most severe
The energy consumption carving operating mode obtains especially by the harshest absorbed power curve of braking resistor.
A kind of 11. monitoring devices of vehicle-mounted braking resistor are it is characterised in that include：
Real-time monitoring module, for DC side feedback power, intermediate supports electricity during real-time acquisition Target Towing Braking system
Hold the power of the braking energy of storage, and the general power that AC braking is produced converts the conversion total work obtaining to DC side
Rate；
Power acquisition module, for the Brake Energy according to the described DC side feedback power getting, the storage of intermediate supports electric capacity
The power of amount and conversion general power, obtain the real-time power consumption of braking resistor；
Whether judge module, for the braking resistor power consumption obtaining according to described real-time monitoring module, judge braking resistor
There is excessively stream and whether occur temperature rise too high.
12. monitoring devices according to claim 11 are it is characterised in that described judge module includes excessively stream judging submodule
And the too high judging submodule of temperature rise, the too high judging submodule of described temperature rise includes：
Resistance transfinites judging unit, when executing for each braking period, obtains the real-time power consumption of described braking resistor simultaneously
The voltage at collection braking resistor two ends, calculates the real-time resistance of braking resistor, judges whether calculated real-time resistance exceedes
Default maximum value, if it is, judging that braking resistor temperature rise is too high and exits, otherwise return executes described resistance and transfinites and judges list
Unit, until execute the current brake cycle, proceeds to and executes total energy consumption and transfinite judging unit；
Total energy consumption transfinites judging unit, for calculating the real-time braking resistor total energy consumption in the current brake cycle, and judges described
Whether braking resistor total energy consumption exceedes energy consumption under the harshest operating mode of braking resistor in real time, if it is, judging braking resistor temperature rise
High simultaneously exit, otherwise returning execution resistance transfinites judging unit；If after having executed specified braking period, proceed to execution mean power
Transfinite unit；
Mean power transfinites unit, for calculating the mean power of braking resistor consumption, and judges whether to exceed with reference to average work(
Rate, if it is, judging that braking resistor temperature rise is too high and exit, otherwise returning and executing described resistance and transfinite judging unit.
A kind of 13. guard methods of vehicle-mounted braking resistor are it is characterised in that step includes：According to any in claim 1～10
Monitoring method monitoring braking resistor described in one, if monitoring to occur excessively stream or temperature rise too high, controls cut-out braking resistor simultaneously
Keep a braking period, to prevent braking resistor from occurring excessively stream or temperature rise too high.
A kind of 14. protection systems of vehicle-mounted braking resistor are it is characterised in that include the monitoring device described in claim 11 or 12
And protection control device, described monitoring device real-time monitoring braking resistor, if monitoring to occur excessively stream or temperature rise too high, described
Protection control device controls cut-out braking resistor and keeps a braking period, to prevent braking resistor from excessively stream or temperature rise occurring
High.
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