CN106443241B - A kind of monitoring method, device and the guard method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor, device - Google Patents
A kind of monitoring method, device and the guard method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor, device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106443241B CN106443241B CN201610789223.XA CN201610789223A CN106443241B CN 106443241 B CN106443241 B CN 106443241B CN 201610789223 A CN201610789223 A CN 201610789223A CN 106443241 B CN106443241 B CN 106443241B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/005—Testing of electric installations on transport means
- G01R31/008—Testing of electric installations on transport means on air- or spacecraft, railway rolling stock or sea-going vessels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0076—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to braking
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
- G01R19/16571—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533 comparing AC or DC current with one threshold, e.g. load current, over-current, surge current or fault current
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
- G01R21/06—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by measuring current and voltage
Abstract
The present invention discloses monitoring method, device and the guard method of a kind of vehicle-mounted braking resistor, device; the monitoring method step includes: the power for 1) obtaining DC side feedback power, intermediate supports capacitor in real time, and converts the conversion general power obtained to DC side for the general power that side braking generates is exchanged；2) according to DC side feedback power, the power of intermediate supports capacitor and conversion general power, the real-time consumption power of braking resistor is obtained；3) judge braking resistor overcurrent, temperature rising state；The monitoring device includes real-time monitoring module, power acquisition module and judgment module；The guard method is according to above-mentioned monitoring method real-time monitoring braking resistor, when generation overcurrent, temperature rise are excessively high, cut off braking resistor and simultaneously keeps a cycle；The protective device includes above-mentioned monitoring device and protection control device.The present invention have many advantages, such as implementation method it is simple, it is required it is at low cost, system failure point, precision and high reliablity and convenient for safeguarding can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to railcar technical field more particularly to a kind of monitoring method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor, device and
Guard method, device.
Background technique
The trailer system of railcar is mainly by high-speed circuit breaker, charge/discharge unit, filter reactor, intermediate supports electricity
Appearance, inversion unit, chopper, braking resistor and control unit are constituted, by the DC inverter of power supply at three-phase voltage, electric current
The adjustable alternating current of frequency, power to threephase asynchronous machine or magneto, to drive train to advance.It was braked to save as far as possible
The abrasion of brake shoe and wheel pair in journey, can be converted the kinetic energy into electrical energy using electric braking as far as possible in braking process, then by electric energy
Feed back to power grid.Since power grid can not absorb the electric energy of Brake feedback, thus network pressure can be lifted during electric braking, to keep away
Exempt from network pressure and increase too high, can control and open copped wave circuit so that motor by the energy of inverter fed by braking resistor with
The form of heat consumes.
It is at present usually that copped wave is directly measured using current sensor for the monitoring of braking resistor overcurrent in railcar
The current value of braking resistor is flowed through after opening, but cabinet is controlled in such method needs additional current sensor to acquire system
Dynamic resistor current, then need to increase simultaneously data acquisition channel and current sensor for electricity output, and to the electricity acquired in real time
Stream information is handled, and also will increase the burden of processor.
Railcar is needed ceaselessly to start and stop, largely be adopted in each docking process as rapid transit vehicles
With electric braking, and almost the energy of most electric brakings feedbacks can all consume in braking resistor, so in order to avoid braking
Resistance temperature rise is excessively high, is at present usually to add temperature relay near the resistance band of braking resistor, when temperature is higher than some value
When, the actuating of relay, control system turns off copped wave circuit, cancels electric braking, restores Block brake.By adding temperature relay
Monitor the temperature rising state of braking resistor, on the one hand, setting temperature relay needs to increase hardware cost, the cost of required realization
It is high；On the other hand, as described above, the energy overwhelming majority of train braking is all that the heat generated by braking resistor dissipates,
Braking resistor always works at the higher state of temperature, so the temperature environment of temperature relay work is also extremely severe, it is old
Change fast speed, thus failure rate in practice is higher, this will affect the reliability of system, while can also further increase
Fault point；In addition temperature relay need to be embedded on resistance band, and maintenance is also inconvenient.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that, for technical problem of the existing technology, the present invention provides one
Kind of implementation method is simple, it is required it is at low cost, system failure point, precision and high reliablity can be reduced and vehicle-mounted system convenient for safeguarding
Monitoring method, device and the guard method of dynamic resistance, device.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution proposed by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of monitoring method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor, step include:
1) braking that DC side feedback power, intermediate supports capacitor store during acquisition Target Towing Braking system in real time
The power of energy, and the conversion general power obtained to DC side is converted by the general power that side braking generates is exchanged；
2) according to get the DC side feedback power, intermediate supports capacitor storage braking energy power and
General power is converted, the real-time consumption power of braking resistor is obtained；
3) the real-time consumption power of the braking resistor obtained according to the step 2), judges overcurrent, the temperature rise of braking resistor
State.
As the further improvement of monitoring method of the present invention, braking electricity is specifically calculated in the step 2) according to the following formula
The real-time consumption power of resistance；
Pr=Pm-Pz-PC；
Wherein, PrFor the real-time consumption power of braking resistor, PmIt converts for the general power that side braking generates will be exchanged to direct current
The conversion general power that side obtains, PzFor DC side feedback power, PCFor intermediate supports capacitor storage braking energy power, and
PzIt is positive when DC side electric current is feedback direction, DC side electric current is is negative when the direction contrary with feedback, PCIn centre
It is negative when the voltage at Support Capacitor both ends is positive when increasing, the voltage at intermediate supports capacitor both ends reduces.
As the further improvement of monitoring method of the present invention, the obtaining step of the conversion general power are as follows:
Turning for DC side is converted into previously according to trailer system middle gear transfer efficiency, motor transfer efficiency and exchange side
Change efficiency, the general power that side braking generates will be exchanged by, which obtaining, converts to the transformation efficiency of DC side；
The general power that motor braking generates is obtained in real time, and conversion obtains the conversion general power according to the following formula；
Pm=Pb×η；
Wherein, PbFor the general power that motor braking generates, η is converted the general power that side braking generates is exchanged to DC side
Transformation efficiency.
As the further improvement of monitoring method of the present invention, general power that the motor braking generates especially by adopting in real time
Collect the torque T and revolving speed n of motor in Target Towing system, and is calculated as follows to obtain；
Pb=FV；
F=T × n × i/r；
V=3.6 × D × π × n/60/i；
Wherein, F is to generate conversion to the power in wheel week, and V is the linear velocity of motor, and i is train gear ratio, and r is train
Wheel radius, η is transformation efficiency, and D is the wheel diameter of train, and n is motor number；
Further improvement as monitoring method of the present invention: the DC side feedback power is especially by real-time acquisition target
The voltage U and trailer system DC side electric current I at the intermediate supports capacitor both ends in trailer system are acquired, the direct current
The calculation formula of side feedback power are as follows:
Pz=UI；
The power of the braking energy of the intermediate supports capacitor storage, especially by energy in real-time acquisition Target Towing system
The voltage Uc at intermediate supports capacitor both ends before amount changes0And after energy variation intermediate supports capacitor both ends voltage Uc1It obtains
It obtains, the rating formula of the braking energy of the intermediate supports capacitor storage are as follows:
PC=1/2C △ Uc2；
△Uc2=1/2Uc1 2-1/2Uc0 2；
Wherein, C is the capacitance of intermediate supports capacitor, △ Uc2For the electricity at intermediate supports capacitor both ends before and after energy variation
Flatten variance.
As the further improvement of monitoring method of the present invention, judge whether braking resistor occurs overcurrent in the step 3)
Specific steps are as follows: the voltage at acquisition braking resistor both ends in real time is obtained according to collected voltage value and the step 2)
Braking resistor consumes power, calculates the electric current for flowing through braking resistor in real time, judges braking resistor by the current value being calculated
Whether overcurrent is occurred.
Further improvement as monitoring method of the present invention: the specific braking resistor both ends of acquisition in real time in the step 3)
Voltage, and the real-time resistance value of the real-time consumption power calculation braking resistor according to the obtained braking resistor, by being calculated
Real-time resistance value judge braking resistor whether temperature rise be excessively high；Or with specific reference to the obtained braking resistor in the step 3)
Consumption power in real time, calculates the real-time braking resistor total energy consumption in each braking period, and under the most harsh operating condition of braking resistor
Energy consumption is compared, and judging braking resistor, whether temperature rise is excessively high；Or with specific reference to obtained braking electricity in the step 3)
The real-time consumption power of resistance, calculates the mean power of braking resistor consumption in specified braking period, and with reference mean power
It is compared, judging braking resistor, whether temperature rise is excessively high.
As the further improvement of monitoring method of the present invention, the specific steps of the step 3) are as follows:
3.1) it when each braking period executes, obtains the real-time consumption power of the braking resistor and acquires braking resistor two
The voltage at end calculates the real-time resistance value of braking resistor, judges whether the real-time resistance value being calculated is more than default maximum value, such as
Fruit is to determine that braking resistor temperature rise is excessively high and exits, and is otherwise returned to step 3.1), until the current brake period has been executed,
It is transferred to and executes step 3.2)；
3.2) the real-time braking resistor total energy consumption in the current brake period is calculated, and judges the real-time braking resistor total energy
Whether consumption is more than energy consumption under the most harsh operating condition of braking resistor, if so, determining that braking resistor temperature rise is excessively high and exits, is otherwise returned
Execute step 3.1)；If having executed specified braking period, it is transferred to and executes step 3.3)；
3.3) mean power of braking resistor consumption is calculated, and judges whether to be more than with reference to mean power, if so, determining
Braking resistor temperature rise is excessively high and exits, and otherwise returns to step 3.1).
As the further improvement of monitoring method of the present invention, the calculation formula of the braking resistor total energy consumption are as follows:
WrFor t0To t1The braking resistor total energy consumption at moment, PmThe general power generated for the braking is converted to DC side institute
Obtained braking general power, PzFor DC side feedback power, PCFor intermediate supports Capacitance Power；
The calculation formula of the mean power of the braking resistor consumption are as follows:
Wherein Wr1For t0To t1The mean power of the braking resistor consumption at moment；
Further improvement as monitoring method of the present invention: the energy consumption of the most harsh operating condition of the braking resistor is especially by system
The most harsh absorption power curve of dynamic resistance obtains.
A kind of monitoring device of vehicle-mounted braking resistor, comprising:
Real-time monitoring module, for DC side feedback power, intermediate branch during acquisition Target Towing Braking system in real time
The power of the braking energy of capacitor storage is supportted, and converts the conversion obtained to DC side for the general power that side braking generates is exchanged
General power；
Power acquisition module, for the system according to the DC side feedback power, the storage of intermediate supports capacitor that get
The power and conversion general power of energy, obtain the real-time consumption power of braking resistor；
Judgment module, the braking resistor for being obtained according to the real-time monitoring module consume power, judge braking resistor
Overcurrent whether occurs and whether temperature rise to occur excessively high.
As the further improvement of monitoring device of the present invention, the judgment module includes overcurrent judging submodule and temperature rise
Excessively high judging submodule, the excessively high judging submodule of temperature rise include:
Resistance transfinites judging unit, when executing for each braking period, obtains the real-time consumption function of the braking resistor
Rate and the voltage for acquiring braking resistor both ends calculate the real-time resistance value of braking resistor, whether judge the real-time resistance value being calculated
More than default maximum value, if so, determining that braking resistor temperature rise is excessively high and exits, otherwise returns to execute the resistance and transfinite and sentence
Disconnected unit, until has executed the current brake period, being transferred to execution total energy consumption transfinites judging unit；
Total energy consumption transfinites judging unit, for calculating the real-time braking resistor total energy consumption in the current brake period, and judges
Whether the real-time braking resistor total energy consumption is more than energy consumption under the most harsh operating condition of braking resistor, if so, determining braking resistor temperature
It rises excessively high and exit, otherwise returns and execute resistance and transfinite judging unit；If after having executed specified braking period, it is average to be transferred to execution
Power transfinites unit；
Mean power transfinites unit, for calculating the mean power of braking resistor consumption, and judges whether to be more than with reference to flat
Otherwise equal power is returned and executes the resistance and transfinite judging unit if so, determines that braking resistor temperature rise is excessively high and exit.
The present invention further provides a kind of guard method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor, step includes: according to above-mentioned monitoring method
Braking resistor is monitored, if monitoring, generation overcurrent or temperature rise are excessively high, and control cutting braking resistor simultaneously keeps a braking period, with
Prevent braking resistor generation overcurrent or temperature rise excessively high.
The present invention further provides a kind of protection systems of vehicle-mounted braking resistor, including above-mentioned monitoring device and protection control
Device processed, the monitoring device real-time monitoring braking resistor, if monitoring, generation overcurrent or temperature rise are excessively high, the protection control dress
It sets control cutting braking resistor and is kept for a braking period, braking resistor from occurring overcurrent or temperature rise is excessively high to prevent.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
1) present invention is generated using braking energy in trailer system, consumes relationship and conservation of energy principle, by that will hand over
The conversion of side power is flowed to DC side, so that the real-time consumption power of braking resistor is acquired based on DC side power, by braking
The real-time consumption power of resistance judges overcurrent, the temperature rising state of braking resistor simultaneously, and implementation method is simple, passes without adding electric current
The ancillary equipments such as sensor, temperature sensor, the required at low cost and fault point that sensor can be reduced etc., and it is based on braking resistor
Consumption power can obtain accurate, reliable overcurrent and temperature rise monitoring result, while be convenient for safeguarding；
2) present invention is generated total further using existing structure in trailer system in conjunction with the braking being easily obtained in real time
The power calculation for the braking energy that power, DC side feedback power, intermediate supports capacitor store obtains braking resistor consumption power,
Realization process is simple, and the data of required processing are few, and it is not necessary that electric current, temperature acquisition equipment additionally is arranged to braking resistor, can
Effectively reduce required cost and fault point；
3) present invention further only by the energy of real-time Brake feedback and need to be added in the voltage at braking resistor both ends
It obtains indirectly and flows through the current value of braking resistor in real time, to monitor whether braking resistor occurs overcurrent, passed without adding electric current
The direct real-time monitoring of sensor flows through the electric current of braking resistor, and implementation method is simple, can reduce monitoring cost and monitoring accuracy is high；
4) further comprehensive three kinds of modes realize the monitoring to braking resistor temperature rising state, each braking week to the present invention jointly
When phase executes, the resistance value by monitoring braking resistor judges whether that temperature rise is excessively high, and is judged by real-time braking resistor total energy consumption
Whether temperature rise is excessively high, judges whether that temperature rise is excessively high by braking resistor mean power again after executing specified braking period, has
Effect combine resistance transfinite judgement, braking total energy consumption transfinites judgement and mean power transfinites and judges the advantage of three kinds of modes, to system
The temperature rising state of braking resistor carries out comprehensive monitoring during dynamic, so as to it is timely, accurately whether monitor braking resistor
The excessively high situation of temperature rise occurs.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the implementation process schematic diagram of the monitoring method of the vehicle-mounted braking resistor of the present embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic diagram of the main circuit of trailer system in typical railcar.
Fig. 3 is the schematic illustration that braking energy is constituted in the present embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the principle schematic diagram of vehicle-mounted braking resistor overcurrent and the excessively high monitoring device of temperature rise in the present embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the implementation process schematic diagram of the guard method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor in the present embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the principle schematic diagram of the protection system of vehicle-mounted braking resistor in the present embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific preferred embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not therefore and
It limits the scope of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the monitoring method step of the vehicle-mounted braking resistor of the present embodiment includes:
1) braking that DC side feedback power, intermediate supports capacitor store during acquisition Target Towing Braking system in real time
The power of energy, and the conversion general power obtained to DC side is converted by the general power that side braking generates is exchanged；
2) according to the power of the braking energy of the DC side feedback power, the storage of intermediate supports capacitor that get and conversion
General power obtains the real-time consumption power of braking resistor；
3) power is consumed according to the braking resistor that step 2) obtains, judges overcurrent, the temperature rising state of braking resistor.
In railcar trailer system main circuit as shown in Fig. 2, mainly include front end charhing unit, filter reactor,
Intermediate supports capacitor, copped wave unit, inversion unit and braking resistor, wherein charhing unit leads in train just upper electrical haulage
It is closed short circuit contactor after being first closed charging contactor, then when capacitance voltage rises to certain value, to prevent capacitor charging electric
It flows through big；Filter reactor cooperation intermediate supports capacitor plays filtering；Inversion unit is in traction working condition, by DC inversion
Traction motor power supply is supplied electricity at the adjustable exchange of the frequency of voltage, electric current, it, then will by the control of inversion unit when damped condition
Train mechanical energy is converted to electric energy by electric power generation, to produce electric braking force.It can control motor by inversion unit
The size of traction and braking moment, to control the size of vehicle tractive force and brake force.
Braking resistor is mainly used for damped condition, reduces air damping (Block brake), meeting to the greatest extent when due to braking
Electric braking is played as far as possible, and the electric energy that electric braking generates can then make intermediate supports capacitor both end voltage (medium voltage) first
Rise, network pressure also follows its rising closely, and when medium voltage (or network pressure) rises to certain value, the switch of copped wave unit is opened in control
Component, so that the energy that electric braking generates can be scattered in air in the form of heat from braking resistor；When medium voltage (or net
Pressure) when dropping to certain value, the switching component of control shutdown copped wave unit, medium voltage (or network pressure) rises to centainly again
It when value, then controls and opens copped wave circuit, entire electric braking process is executed by above process circulation.
As described above, the gross energy generated during motor braking gives intermediate supports capacitor charging first, so that intermediate branch
It supports capacitance voltage to rise, and energy is fed back into DC side power grid, when intermediate Support Capacitor overtension, then cut by opening
Wave duct consumes the portion of energy of braking energy and intermediate supports capacitor by braking resistor.The present embodiment is based on traction system
The existing structure of system, using energy production above-mentioned in trailer system, consumption relationship and conservation of energy principle, by the way that side will be exchanged
Energy is converted to DC side, is obtained in conjunction with the power of DC side feedback power and the braking energy of intermediate supports capacitor storage
Power is consumed to braking resistor, judges overcurrent, the temperature rising state of braking resistor, implementation method simultaneously by braking resistor consumption power
Simply, required at low cost without adding the ancillary equipments such as temperature sensor, the fault point of temperature sensor etc. can be reduced, and
Accurate, reliable overcurrent and temperature rise monitoring result can be obtained based on braking resistor consumption power, while being convenient for safeguarding.
The present embodiment based on above-mentioned analysis, as shown in figure 3, by braking resistor consume energy (braking resistor absorption energy) table
It is shown as:
Braking resistor consumes gross energy (conversion to DC side)-intermediate supports capacitor storage energy that energy=braking generates
Changing value-DC side feedback energy；
Wherein, the energy of intermediate supports capacitor storage may be positive and may also be negative, and when voltage increases, energy is positive, when
Energy is negative when voltage reduces；
The energy of DC side feedback may also be positive, may also be negative, and when electric current is feedback direction, energy is positive, and work as phase
Opposite direction energy is negative.
In the present embodiment, the expression formula of relational model is in step 1) are as follows:
Pr=Pm-Pz-PC (1)
Wherein, PrPower, P are consumed for braking resistormThe general power that generation is braked for that will exchange side, which is converted to DC side, to be obtained
Conversion general power, PzFor DC side feedback power, PCFor the power of the braking energy of intermediate supports capacitor storage；And PzStraight
It is negative when stream side electric current is positive when being feedback direction, DC side electric current is the direction contrary with feedback, PCIn intermediate supports
It is negative when the voltage at capacitor both ends is positive when increasing, the voltage at intermediate supports capacitor both ends reduces.
By DC side energy can be reversely converted into, to obtain by the motor braking energy of exchange side shown in such as (1)
The real-time consumption energy of braking resistor is obtained, to judge the overcurrent of braking resistor, temperature based on real-time braking resistor consumption energy
The state of liter is effectively utilized braking energy and generates and consumption principle, realize it is easy to operate, without adding aided-detection device and can
By property height.
In the present embodiment, the obtaining step of general power is converted are as follows:
Turning for DC side is converted into previously according to trailer system middle gear transfer efficiency, motor transfer efficiency and exchange side
Change efficiency, the general power that side braking generates will be exchanged by, which obtaining, converts to the transformation efficiency of DC side；
The general power that motor braking generates is obtained in real time, obtains conversion general power according to formula (2) conversion；
Pm=Pb×η (2)
Wherein, PbFor the general power that motor braking generates, η is converted the general power that side braking generates is exchanged to DC side
Transformation efficiency.
When will exchange the general power that side braking generates and convert to DC side, specifically need to turn by trailer system middle gear
Change, motor conversion and exchange side be converted into DC side process, the present embodiment is specifically by gear shift efficiency, motor transfer efficiency
And the transformation efficiency multiplication that exchange side is converted into DC side acquires electricity to get the transformation efficiency η to conversion to DC side
It can convert to obtain DC side power according to formula (2) after the raw general power of mechanism movable property.
In the present embodiment, the general power that motor braking generates is especially by the real-time power for acquiring motor in Target Towing system
Square T and revolving speed n, and be calculated by formula (3), (4), (5)；
Pb=FV (3)
F=T × N × i/r (4)
V=3.6 × D × π × n/60/i (5)
Wherein, Pb is the general power that motor braking generates, and F is to generate conversion to the power in wheel week, and V is the linear velocity of motor, i
For train gear ratio, r is the wheel radius of train, and D is the wheel diameter of train, and N is motor number.What braking generated certainly is total
Power can also specifically be calculated using other modes and be obtained.
DC side feedback power is especially by the real-time voltage for acquiring the intermediate supports capacitor both ends in Target Towing system
U, and trailer system DC side electric current I is acquired, the calculation formula of DC side feedback power are as follows:
Pz=UI (6)
The power of the braking energy of intermediate supports capacitor storage is propped up especially by intermediate in real-time acquisition Target Towing system
The voltage U at support capacitor both ends is acquired, the rating formula of the braking energy of the intermediate supports capacitor storage are as follows:
PC=1/2C △ U2 (7)
Wherein, C is the capacitance of intermediate supports capacitor, △ U2For the voltage at intermediate supports capacitor both ends before and after energy variation
The difference of two squares.
In the present embodiment, the voltage U at intermediate supports capacitor both ends can specifically pass through intermediate supports existing in trailer system
Capacitor both end voltage sensor collects in real time, and DC side electric current I can specifically pass through DC side electricity existing in trailer system
Flow sensor collects in real time；Then using existing structure in trailer system, in conjunction with the motor torque T being easily obtained in real time with
And revolving speed n, braking resistor consumption power P can be calculated using formula (1)~(7)r, realize that process is simple, required processing
Data it is few, and it is not necessary that electric current, temperature acquisition equipment additionally is arranged to braking resistor, can effectively reduce required cost and
Fault point.
In the present embodiment, judge whether braking resistor occurs the specific steps of overcurrent in step 3) are as follows: acquisition braking in real time
The voltage at resistance both ends consumes power according to the braking resistor that collected voltage value and step 2) obtain, calculates in real time
The electric current for flowing through braking resistor is judged whether that overcurrent occurs by the current value being calculated.
The electric current I of braking resistor is flowed through in real timerCalculation expression are as follows:
Ir=Pr/Ur (8)
Wherein UrFor the voltage at braking resistor both ends, PrPower P is consumed for braking resistorr。
Using the above method, by the energy of real-time Brake feedback and need to only be added between the voltage at braking resistor both ends
It connects and obtains and flow through the current value of braking resistor in real time, to monitor whether braking resistor occurs overcurrent, without adding current sense
The direct real-time monitoring of device flows through the electric current of braking resistor, and implementation method is simple and monitoring accuracy is high.
The temperature rising state of braking resistor can be specifically monitored in the present embodiment step 3) by following methods:
The judgement 1. resistance transfinites
The voltage at acquisition braking resistor both ends in real time, and according to the real-time consumption power of obtained braking resistor by formula (9)
The real-time resistance value R for calculating braking resistor, it is excessively high to judge whether braking resistor occurs temperature rise by the real-time resistance value R being calculated.
R=Pr/Ur 2 (9)
Resistance value increases with the raising of temperature, after real-time resistance value R is calculated in such mode, with preset maximum value
It is compared, if being more than preset maximum value, determines that braking resistor temperature rise is excessively high.Maximum value specifically design early period can
It is determined with carrying out analogue simulation operation according to line condition.
The judgement 2. total energy consumption transfinites
In braking process, obtains braking resistor in real time according to the above method and consume power, according to the reality of obtained braking resistor
When consume power, calculate the real-time braking resistor total energy consumption in each braking period by formula (9), and with the most harsh work of braking resistor
Energy consumption is compared under condition, and it is excessively high to judge whether braking resistor occurs temperature rise.
Wherein, WrFor t0To t1The braking resistor total energy consumption at moment, PmThe general power generated for braking is converted to DC side institute
Obtained braking general power, PzFor DC side feedback power, PCFor intermediate supports Capacitance Power, Pm、Pz、PCCalculation formula such as (2)
Shown in~(7).
After braking resistor total energy consumption is calculated in each braking period in such mode in real time, with the most harsh work of braking resistor
The energy consumption of condition is compared, if braking resistor total energy consumption is more than the energy consumption of the most harsh operating condition of braking resistor, determines braking resistor
Temperature rise is excessively high.The energy consumption of the most harsh operating condition of braking resistor can specifically be obtained by the most harsh absorption power curve of braking resistor,
The most harsh absorption power curve of the real-time braking resistor total energy consumption and braking resistor that will be calculated in each braking period
It is compared, to judge braking resistor temperature rising state.
The judgement 3. mean power transfinites
According to the real-time consumption power of obtained braking resistor, braking electricity in specified braking period is calculated according to formula (11)
The mean power of consumption is hindered, and is compared with reference mean power, it is excessively high to judge whether braking resistor occurs temperature rise.
Wherein Wr1For t0To t1The mean power of the braking resistor consumption at moment, Pm、Pz、PCCalculation formula such as (2)~(7)
It is shown.
Such mode record when vehicle is run opens the time interval between vehicle and parking every time, and calculates according to the above method
Braking resistor consumes gross energy in obtained each braking period, and record calculates mean power after obtaining N group data, will calculate
To mean power be compared with theoretical reference mean power, if it exceeds then determining braking resistor with reference to mean power
Temperature rise is excessively high.Wherein, N specifically can use the round-trip master station's number of vehicle.
4. comprehensive judgement of transfiniting
In such mode, the specific steps of step 3) are as follows:
3.1) it when each braking period executes, obtains the real-time consumption power of braking resistor and acquires braking resistor both ends
Voltage calculates the real-time resistance value of braking resistor, judges whether the real-time resistance value being calculated is more than default maximum value, if
It is to determine that braking resistor temperature rise is excessively high and exits, otherwise returns to step 3.1), until having executed the current brake period, turn
Enter to execute step 3.2)；
3.2) the real-time braking resistor total energy consumption in the current brake period is calculated, and judges that real-time braking resistor total energy consumption is
No is more than energy consumption under the most harsh operating condition of braking resistor, if so, determining that braking resistor temperature rise is excessively high and exits, otherwise returns and executes
Step 3.1)；If having executed specified braking period, it is transferred to and executes step 3.3)；
3.3) mean power of braking resistor consumption is calculated, and judges whether to be more than with reference to mean power, if so, determining
Braking resistor temperature rise is excessively high and exits, and otherwise returns to step 3.1).
In such mode, braking resistor total energy consumption is specifically calculated by formula (10), the mean power of braking resistor consumption
Specifically be calculated by formula (11), the energy consumption of the most harsh operating condition of braking resistor especially by braking resistor most harsh absorption power
Curve obtains.
Such mode is that comprehensive first three mode realizes monitoring to braking resistor temperature rising state, each braking week jointly
When phase executes, the resistance value by monitoring braking resistor judges whether that temperature rise is excessively high, and is sentenced according to real-time braking resistor total energy consumption
Disconnected whether temperature rise is excessively high, consumes mean power by braking resistor again after executing specified braking period and judges whether temperature rise
Height, effectively combine resistance transfinite judgement, braking total energy consumption transfinites judgement and average energy consumption transfinites and judges the advantage of three kinds of modes,
To in braking process braking resistor temperature rising state carry out comprehensive monitoring, so as to it is timely, accurately monitor braking resistor
Whether temperature rise excessively high situation is occurred.
After the real-time consumption power for acquiring braking resistor, braking resistor can be monitored by any one of the above mode
Temperature rising state, cross high state to judge whether braking resistor occurs temperature rise, certainly can also using other modes monitoring braking
The temperature rising state of resistance.
As shown in figure 4, the vehicle-mounted braking resistor overcurrent of the present embodiment and the excessively high monitoring device of temperature rise, comprising:
Real-time monitoring module, for DC side feedback power, intermediate branch during acquisition Target Towing Braking system in real time
The power of the braking energy of capacitor storage is supportted, and converts the conversion obtained to DC side for the general power that side braking generates is exchanged
General power；
Power acquisition module, for the system according to the DC side feedback power, the storage of intermediate supports capacitor that get
The power and conversion general power of energy, obtain the real-time consumption power of braking resistor；
Judgment module, the braking resistor for being obtained according to real-time monitoring module consume power, whether judge braking resistor
Overcurrent occurs and whether temperature rise to occur excessively high.
In the present embodiment, judgment module includes that overcurrent judging submodule and the excessively high judging submodule of temperature rise, temperature rise are excessively high
Judging submodule includes:
Resistance transfinites judging unit, when being executed for each braking period, the braking resistor consumption function that obtains in real time
Rate and the voltage for acquiring braking resistor both ends calculate the real-time resistance value of braking resistor, whether judge the real-time resistance value being calculated
More than default maximum value, if so, determining that braking resistor temperature rise is excessively high and exits, otherwise returns to execute the resistance and transfinite and sentence
Disconnected unit, until has executed the current brake period, being transferred to execution total energy consumption transfinites judging unit；
Total energy consumption transfinites judging unit, for calculating real-time braking resistor total energy consumption in the current brake period, and judges
Whether real-time braking resistor total energy consumption is more than energy consumption under the most harsh operating condition of braking resistor, if so, determining braking resistor temperature rise
It is high simultaneously to exit, it otherwise returns and executes resistance and transfinite judging unit；If after having executed specified braking period, being transferred to execution mean power
Transfinite unit；
Mean power transfinites unit, for calculating the mean power of braking resistor consumption, and judges whether to be more than with reference to flat
Otherwise equal power is returned and executes resistance and transfinite judging unit if so, determines that braking resistor temperature rise is excessively high and exit.
The present embodiment judgment module is transfinited judging unit and average energy by transfinite judging unit, braking total energy consumption of resistance
The transfinite cooperation of judging unit of consumption executes, can the temperature rising state to braking resistor in braking process execute the comprehensive of three kinds of modes
Monitoring, so as to it is timely, accurately monitor whether braking resistor occurs the excessively high situation of temperature rise.
As shown in figure 5, the present embodiment prevents vehicle-mounted braking resistor overcurrent and the excessively high guard method of temperature rise, step include:
Braking resistor is monitored according to above-mentioned monitoring method, generation overcurrent or temperature rise are excessively high if monitoring, control cutting braking resistor is simultaneously protected
Hold a braking period.
As shown in fig. 6, it includes above-mentioned prison that the present embodiment, which prevents vehicle-mounted braking resistor overcurrent and the excessively high protection system of temperature rise,
Device and protection control device, monitoring device real-time monitoring braking resistor are surveyed, generation overcurrent or temperature rise are excessively high if monitoring, protect
It protects control device control cutting braking resistor and is kept for a braking period.
The present embodiment is by the way that when monitoring that overcurrent or excessively high temperature rise occur for braking resistor, control cutting braking resistor is simultaneously protected
A braking period is held, i.e. control cutting braking resistor a cycle, so that the electric current of braking resistor, temperature rising state are able to maintain
In the normal range.
The above-mentioned monitoring method of the present embodiment, device and guard method, device can specifically be realized by software design, to pass through
Software mode control monitoring braking resistor overcurrent, temperature rising state, and protection is executed when overcurrent, temperature rise are excessively high, control is realized
Cost of hardware design that is easy and easy to maintain, while can saving current sensor, temperature sensor etc., that improves system can
By property.
Above-mentioned only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention in any form.Although of the invention
It has been disclosed in a preferred embodiment above, however, it is not intended to limit the invention.Therefore, all without departing from technical solution of the present invention
Content, technical spirit any simple modifications, equivalents, and modifications made to the above embodiment, should all fall according to the present invention
In the range of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of monitoring method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor, which is characterized in that step includes:
1) braking energy that DC side feedback power, intermediate supports capacitor store during acquisition Target Towing Braking system in real time
Power, and by exchange side braking generate general power convert the conversion general power obtained to DC side；
2) according to the power of braking energy of the DC side feedback power, the storage of intermediate supports capacitor got and described
General power is converted, the real-time consumption power of braking resistor is obtained；
3) the real-time consumption power of the braking resistor obtained according to the step 2), judges overcurrent, the temperature rising state of braking resistor；
The real-time consumption power of braking resistor is specifically calculated in the step 2) according to the following formula；
Pr=Pm-Pz-PC；
Wherein, PrFor the real-time consumption power of braking resistor, PmThe general power that generation is braked for that will exchange side, which is converted to DC side, to be obtained
The conversion general power arrived, PzFor DC side feedback power, PCFor the power of the braking energy of intermediate supports capacitor storage, and Pz?
It is negative when DC side electric current is positive when being feedback direction, DC side electric current is the direction contrary with feedback, PCIt is propped up in centre
It is negative when the voltage at support capacitor both ends is positive when increasing, the voltage at intermediate supports capacitor both ends reduces.
2. the monitoring method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the conversion general power obtains
Take step are as follows:
The conversion effect of DC side is converted into previously according to trailer system middle gear transfer efficiency, motor transfer efficiency and exchange side
Rate, the general power that side braking generates will be exchanged by, which obtaining, converts to the transformation efficiency of DC side；
The general power that motor braking generates is obtained in real time, and conversion obtains the conversion general power according to the following formula；
Pm=Pb×η；
Wherein, PbFor the general power that braking generates, η is converted the general power that side braking generates is exchanged to the transformation efficiency of DC side.
3. the monitoring method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the motor braking generated
The torque T and revolving speed n of motor when general power is braked especially by real-time acquisition, and be calculated as follows to obtain；
Pb=FV；
F=T × N × i/r；
V=3.6 × D × π × n/60/i；
Wherein, F is power of the conversion to wheel week, and V is the linear velocity of motor, and i is train gear ratio, and r is the wheel radius of train,
D is the wheel diameter of train, and N is motor number.
4. the monitoring method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that
The DC side feedback power is especially by the real-time voltage for acquiring the intermediate supports capacitor both ends in Target Towing system
U, and trailer system DC side electric current I is acquired, the calculation formula of the DC side feedback power are as follows:
Pz=UI；
The power of the braking energy of the intermediate supports capacitor storage, especially by energy quantitative change in real-time acquisition Target Towing system
The voltage Uc at intermediate supports capacitor both ends before changing0And after energy variation intermediate supports capacitor both ends voltage Uc1It acquires,
The rating formula of the braking energy of the intermediate supports capacitor storage are as follows:
PC=1/2C △ Uc2；
△Uc2=1/2Uc1 2-1/2Uc0 2；
Wherein, C is the capacitance of intermediate supports capacitor, △ Uc2For the voltage squared at intermediate supports capacitor both ends before and after energy variation
Difference.
5. the monitoring method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that described
Judge whether braking resistor occurs the specific steps of overcurrent in step 3) are as follows: the voltage at acquisition braking resistor both ends in real time, according to
The braking resistor that collected voltage value and the step 2) obtain consumes power, calculates the electricity for flowing through braking resistor in real time
Stream, judges whether braking resistor occurs overcurrent by the current value being calculated.
6. the monitoring method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that described
The voltage at the specific braking resistor both ends of acquisition in real time in step 3), and according to the real-time consumption power of the obtained braking resistor
The real-time resistance value of braking resistor is calculated, judging braking resistor by the real-time resistance value being calculated, whether temperature rise is excessively high；Or the step
It is rapid 3) in specific reference to the obtained braking resistor real-time consumption power, it is real to calculate braking resistor in each braking period
When total energy consumption, and be compared with energy consumption under the most harsh operating condition of braking resistor, judging braking resistor, whether temperature rise is excessively high；Or it is described
With specific reference to the real-time consumption power of the obtained braking resistor in step 3), braking resistor in specified braking period is calculated
The mean power of consumption, and be compared with reference mean power, judging braking resistor, whether temperature rise is excessively high.
7. the monitoring method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that described
The specific steps of step 3) are as follows:
3.1) it when each braking period executes, obtains the real-time consumption power of the braking resistor and acquires braking resistor both ends
Voltage calculates the real-time resistance value of braking resistor, judges whether the real-time resistance value being calculated is more than default maximum value, if
It is to determine that braking resistor temperature rise is excessively high and exits, otherwise returns to step 3.1), until having executed the current brake period, turn
Enter to execute step 3.2)；
3.2) the real-time braking resistor total energy consumption in the current brake period is calculated, and judges that the real-time braking resistor total energy consumption is
No is more than energy consumption under the most harsh operating condition of braking resistor, if so, determining that braking resistor temperature rise is excessively high and exits, otherwise returns and executes
Step 3.1)；If having executed specified braking period, it is transferred to and executes step 3.3)；
3.3) mean power of braking resistor consumption is calculated, and judges whether to be more than with reference to mean power, if so, determining braking
Resistance temperature rise is excessively high and exits, and otherwise returns to step 3.1).
8. the monitoring method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the braking resistor total energy consumption
Calculation formula are as follows:
WrFor t0To t1The braking resistor total energy consumption at moment, PmIt is converted for the general power that the braking generates obtained to DC side
Brake general power, PzFor DC side feedback power, PCFor intermediate supports Capacitance Power；
The calculation formula of the mean power of the braking resistor consumption are as follows:
Wherein Wr1For t0To t1The mean power of the braking resistor consumption at moment.
9. the monitoring method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the braking resistor is most harsh
The energy consumption of operating condition is obtained especially by the most harsh absorption power curve of braking resistor.
10. a kind of monitoring device of vehicle-mounted braking resistor characterized by comprising
Real-time monitoring module, for DC side feedback power, intermediate supports electricity during acquisition Target Towing Braking system in real time
The power of the braking energy of storage is stored, and converts the conversion total work obtained to DC side for the general power that side braking generates is exchanged
Rate；
Power acquisition module, for the Brake Energy according to the DC side feedback power, the storage of intermediate supports capacitor that get
The power and conversion general power of amount, obtain the real-time consumption power of braking resistor；
Judgment module, the braking resistor for being obtained according to the real-time monitoring module consume power, whether judge braking resistor
Overcurrent occurs and whether temperature rise to occur excessively high；
The real-time consumption power of braking resistor is specifically calculated in the power acquisition module according to the following formula；
Pr=Pm-Pz-PC；
Wherein, PrFor the real-time consumption power of braking resistor, PmThe general power that generation is braked for that will exchange side, which is converted to DC side, to be obtained
The conversion general power arrived, PzFor DC side feedback power, PCFor the power of the braking energy of intermediate supports capacitor storage, and Pz?
It is negative when DC side electric current is positive when being feedback direction, DC side electric current is the direction contrary with feedback, PCIt is propped up in centre
It is negative when the voltage at support capacitor both ends is positive when increasing, the voltage at intermediate supports capacitor both ends reduces.
11. monitoring device according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the judgment module includes overcurrent judging submodule
And the excessively high judging submodule of temperature rise, the excessively high judging submodule of temperature rise include:
Resistance transfinites judging unit, when executing for each braking period, obtains the real-time consumption power of the braking resistor simultaneously
Acquire braking resistor both ends voltage, calculate the real-time resistance value of braking resistor, judge the real-time resistance value being calculated whether be more than
Default maximum value, if so, determining that braking resistor temperature rise is excessively high and exits, otherwise return, which executes the resistance and transfinites, judges list
Member, until has executed the current brake period, being transferred to execution total energy consumption transfinites judging unit；
Total energy consumption transfinites judging unit, for calculating the real-time braking resistor total energy consumption in the current brake period, and described in judging
Whether real-time braking resistor total energy consumption is more than energy consumption under the most harsh operating condition of braking resistor, if so, determining braking resistor temperature rise
It is high simultaneously to exit, it otherwise returns and executes resistance and transfinite judging unit；If after having executed specified braking period, being transferred to execution mean power
Transfinite unit；
Mean power transfinites unit, for calculating the mean power of braking resistor consumption, and judges whether to be more than with reference to average function
Otherwise rate is returned and executes the resistance and transfinite judging unit if so, determine that braking resistor temperature rise is excessively high and exit.
12. a kind of guard method of vehicle-mounted braking resistor, which is characterized in that step includes: according to any in claim 1~9
Monitoring method described in one monitors braking resistor, if monitoring, generation overcurrent or temperature rise are excessively high, and control cutting braking resistor is simultaneously
Kept for a braking period, braking resistor from occurring overcurrent or temperature rise is excessively high to prevent.
13. a kind of protection system of vehicle-mounted braking resistor, it is characterised in that including monitoring device described in claim 10 or 11
And protection control device, the monitoring device real-time monitoring braking resistor, if monitoring, generation overcurrent or temperature rise are excessively high, described
It protects control device control cutting braking resistor and is kept for a braking period, to prevent braking resistor from overcurrent or temperature rise occurs
It is high.
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| CN108859775B (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2020-09-01 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Brake energy feedback control circuit and power distribution method |
| CN111361424B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2021-11-12 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Rail vehicle and traction inverter thereof |
| CN109861625A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-06-07 | 成都运达科技股份有限公司 | The Temperature Identification and overtemperature prote method of medium-and low-speed maglev train linear motor |
| CN111913054B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2021-09-21 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Method and system for diagnosing over-temperature fault of chopping wave and transmission control device |
| CN112172763B (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2021-09-10 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Electric braking power distribution method, device and medium for hybrid power tramcar |
| TWI724557B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-04-11 | 台達電子工業股份有限公司 | Estamating method for braking resistor |
| US11397203B2 (en) | 2019-09-24 | 2022-07-26 | Delta Electronics, Inc. | Estimating method for braking resistor |
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| CN112904834A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-04 | 株洲中车奇宏散热技术有限公司 | Method for judging initial fault of locomotive brake resistor by temperature detection |
| CN113655304B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2024-03-22 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司营销服务中心 | System and method for online detection of metering performance of electric vehicle charger |
| CN114530828B (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2024-02-06 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Temperature estimation protection method and system for brake resistor of railway vehicle |
| CN114448322B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2024-01-30 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司 | Voltage limiting chopping control method and device |
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