CN112903478A - Unsaturated soil and structure interface shear matrix suction testing device and testing method - Google Patents

Unsaturated soil and structure interface shear matrix suction testing device and testing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112903478A
CN112903478A CN202110230046.2A CN202110230046A CN112903478A CN 112903478 A CN112903478 A CN 112903478A CN 202110230046 A CN202110230046 A CN 202110230046A CN 112903478 A CN112903478 A CN 112903478A
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box body
plate
testing
shearing
push rod
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CN112903478B (en
Inventor
李永辉
李鑫
彭飞
刘云龙
张信
吴江龙
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Zhengzhou University
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Zhengzhou University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/24Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • G01N3/04Chucks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0025Shearing

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for testing the shearing matrix suction of unsaturated soil and a structure interface, wherein the device for testing the shearing matrix suction of the unsaturated soil and the structure interface comprises a support frame, a vertical loading mechanism arranged at the upper part of the support frame, a shearing test box arranged in the middle of the support frame, a transverse loading mechanism arranged at the right side of the support frame, a transverse moving track mechanism arranged at the bottom of the shearing test box and a positioning mechanism arranged at the left side of the shearing test box. When the unsaturated soil and structure interface shearing matrix suction testing device is used, the upper box body is filled with soil, a vertical loading mechanism is used for applying vertical load to the filled soil, then the lower box body is transversely loaded through the transverse loading mechanism, and the suction sensor is used for testing the suction in the shearing process, so that the use is very convenient.

Description

Unsaturated soil and structure interface shear matrix suction testing device and testing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of buildings, in particular to a device and a method for testing the suction force of a shearing matrix of unsaturated soil and a structure interface.
Background
In the field of civil construction and geotechnical engineering, the problem of shearing action of unsaturated soil and a structure interface is involved in structural stress deformation in an unsaturated soil layer, and in order to analyze the influence of matrix suction at the unsaturated soil and the structure interface on the interface shearing mechanical behavior, obtain the contribution of the matrix suction to the interface shearing strength and support scientific research and engineering practice, matrix suction measurement in the shearing process of the unsaturated soil and the structure interface is an important test item. At present, a proper testing device and a proper testing method are not available in soil and structure interface shear related tests.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for testing the shearing matrix suction of unsaturated soil and a structure interface.
A suction testing device for shearing matrix of unsaturated soil and structure interface comprises a support frame, a vertical loading mechanism arranged on the upper portion of the support frame, a shearing test box arranged in the middle of the support frame, a transverse loading mechanism arranged on the right side of the support frame, a transverse moving track mechanism arranged at the bottom of the shearing test box and a positioning mechanism arranged on the left side of the shearing test box, wherein the shearing test box comprises an upper box body and a lower box body, the upper box body is provided with a cylindrical accommodating cavity with an upper opening and a lower opening, the bottom of the lower box body is fixedly provided with a plurality of sleeves, the bottoms of the sleeves are communicated with the outer portion of the lower box body, a structure plate with an upper surface flush with the upper edge of the lower box body is arranged in the lower box body, jacks are arranged at positions corresponding to the sleeves on the structure plate, the upper ends of the sleeves are inserted into the jacks of the structure plate, the top of the suction sensor is flush with the top of the structural plate, the output end of the transverse loading mechanism is connected with the right side of the lower box body, and the positioning mechanism is connected with the left side of the upper box body.
Preferably, the supporting frame comprises a plurality of upright posts, a cross beam arranged on the upper portion of the upright posts and a horizontal frame arranged on the lower portion of the upright posts, the vertical loading mechanism is at least one first hydraulic push rod fixedly arranged on the cross beam, the lower end of the first hydraulic push rod is in loading fit with the loading plate through a first pressure sensor, and the horizontal loading mechanism comprises a second hydraulic push rod, a push rod fixing mechanism and a push rod connecting structure used for being connected with the lower box body.
Preferably, push rod fixed establishment is including fixing the deflector on support frame right side, and the middle part of deflector has the slot hole, and both sides all are equipped with the slide rail around the deflector, slide on the slide rail and set up C shape slide, wear to establish fixed second hydraulic push rod on the slide, and the output shaft of second hydraulic push rod passes the slot hole, push rod connection structure includes the push rod output shaft, through second pressure sensor and push rod output shaft connecting axle, locate two upper and lower parallel arrangement flat boards of connecting axle tip, locate horizontal connecting plate and the connecting pin axle on lower box right side.
Preferably, the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning plate fixedly arranged on the left side of the support frame and a screw rod rotatably arranged on the positioning plate or fixed on the positioning plate through a nut, and the right end of the screw rod is fixedly provided with a baffle plate for being in abutting and positioning fit with the upper box body.
Preferably, the length and width of the cylindrical accommodating cavity are smaller than the corresponding length and width of the structural plate.
Preferably, the transverse moving track mechanism comprises a transverse track and a transverse sliding block arranged on the lower surface of the lower box body.
Preferably, the horizontal rack further comprises a longitudinal moving track mechanism arranged along the front-back direction, the longitudinal moving track mechanism comprises a longitudinal track and a longitudinal slide block on the longitudinal track, the transverse track is arranged on the longitudinal slide block, and the longitudinal track is arranged on the horizontal rack.
Preferably, the upper part and the lower part of the sleeve are both provided with a positioning convex edge, and the sleeve above the positioning convex edge on the upper part is also sleeved with a sealing ring.
Preferably, at least three leveling bolts are further arranged on the bottom plate of the lower box body in a rotating mode, and grooves matched with the leveling bolts are formed in the bottom of the structural plate.
The testing method of the device for testing the suction force of the shearing matrix of the unsaturated soil and the structure interface comprises the following steps:
1) filling soil into the upper box body, positioning the upper box body through the left positioning mechanism, and applying load to the filled soil through the vertical loading mechanism until the filled soil meets set conditions;
2) the lower box body is transversely loaded through the transverse loading mechanism, the lower box body is pushed to transversely move, the horizontal shearing process of the upper surfaces of the soil body and the structural plate is realized, the shearing rate is controlled to be 0.05 mm per minute, and the suction force is tested by using the suction sensor in the shearing process.
When the unsaturated soil and structure interface shear matrix suction testing device is used, the upper box body is filled with soil firstly, then the upper box body is positioned through the left positioning mechanism, and a vertical load is applied to the filled soil through the vertical loading mechanism until the set conditions are met and the stability is achieved; then, the lower box body is transversely loaded through the transverse loading mechanism, the lower box body is pushed to transversely move, the horizontal shearing process of the upper surfaces of the soil body and the structural plate is realized, the suction sensor is utilized to test the suction in the shearing process, and the use is very convenient.
Furthermore, the push rod fixing mechanism enables the second hydraulic push rod to move up and down, and the second hydraulic push rod is convenient to match with lower boxes with different heights and flexible to use.
Furthermore, the positioning mechanism positions the upper box body to prevent the upper box body from moving leftwards.
Furthermore, the length and the width of the cylindrical accommodating cavity are smaller than the corresponding length and width of the structural plate, so that the contact area between the soil body and the upper surface of the structural plate is kept unchanged in the shearing process.
Furthermore, the rail mechanism is moved longitudinally, the shear test box can be integrally pulled out, and the sensor and the soil filling are convenient to install.
Furthermore, the upper portion and the lower portion of the sleeve are provided with positioning convex edges, the bottom of the lower box body can be conveniently inserted to achieve fixation, the insertion depth is consistent, and the positioning convex edges on the upper portion enable the structural plates to be sleeved and keep horizontal.
Furthermore, at least three leveling bolts are further screwed on the bottom plate of the lower box body, the structural plate can be leveled, and grooves matched with the leveling bolts are formed in the bottom of the structural plate, so that the structural plate is prevented from horizontally moving during leveling.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the shear test chamber of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
A suction test device for shearing matrixes at an unsaturated soil and structure interface comprises a support frame, a vertical loading mechanism arranged on the upper part of the support frame, a shearing test box arranged in the middle of the support frame, a transverse loading mechanism arranged on the right side of the support frame, a transverse moving track mechanism arranged at the bottom of the shearing test box and a positioning mechanism arranged on the left side of the shearing test box, wherein the support frame comprises four upright posts 3, a cross beam 2 arranged on the upper part of the upright posts and a horizontal frame 18 arranged on the lower part of the upright posts, in the embodiment, the vertical loading mechanism comprises two first hydraulic push rods 1 fixedly arranged on the cross beam, the first hydraulic push rods 1 are arranged in the transverse direction, the lower ends of the first hydraulic push rods are in loading fit with a loading plate 10 through a first pressure sensor 19, in the embodiment, the loading plate comprises an upper plate, a lower plate and a middle connecting plate, the shearing, the upper box body is provided with a cylindrical holding cavity 26 with an upper opening and a lower opening, in the embodiment, the cross section of the cylindrical holding cavity is rectangular, the loading plate 10 is matched with the cylindrical holding cavity in a sliding mode, the bottom of the lower box body is fixedly provided with a plurality of sleeves 23, the bottoms of the sleeves are communicated with the outer portion of the lower box body, a structural plate 25 with the upper surface flush with the upper surface of the lower box body is arranged in the lower box body, the structural plate is made of concrete plates or plastic plates and the like, jacks are formed in positions corresponding to the sleeves on the structural plate, the upper ends of the sleeves are inserted in the jacks of the structural plate, the upper ends of the sleeves are flush with the upper surface of the structural plate, the tops of the sleeves are provided with suction sensors 24 for testing the suction of the shear surface, the tops of the suction sensors are flush with the tops of. Horizontal loading mechanism includes second hydraulic push rod 14, push rod fixed establishment and be used for the push rod connection structure who is connected with lower box, push rod fixed establishment is including fixing deflector 15 on the support frame right side, the middle part of deflector has the slot hole, and both sides all are equipped with the slide rail around the deflector, slide on the slide rail and set up C shape slide, wear to establish fixed second hydraulic push rod 14 on the slide, the output shaft of second hydraulic push rod passes the slot hole, push rod connection structure includes the push rod output shaft, connecting axle through second pressure sensor 13 and push rod output shaft, locate two upper and lower parallel arrangement flat boards of connecting axle tip, locate horizontal connecting plate 12 and the connecting pin axle on box right side down, horizontal connecting plate inserts in two parallel arrangement's the flat board, wear to establish fixedly through the round pin axle is vertical.
The positioning mechanism comprises a positioning plate (not shown in the figure) fixedly arranged on the left side of the supporting frame and a screw rod 5 which is arranged on the positioning plate in a rotating mode or fixed on the positioning plate through a nut, the positioning mechanism is fixed through the nut, a baffle plate (not shown in the figure) is fixedly arranged at the right end of the screw rod and used for being in jacking, positioning and matching with the upper box body, and the positioning mechanism positions the upper box body and prevents the upper box body from moving leftwards. The length and the width of the cylindrical accommodating cavity are both smaller than the corresponding length and width of the structural plate, so that the contact area between the soil body and the upper surface of the structural plate is kept unchanged in the shearing process.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the upper portion and the lower portion of the sleeve are both provided with the positioning convex edges 27 and 28, the sleeve above the positioning convex edge 27 on the upper portion is further sleeved with the sealing ring 29, the upper portion and the lower portion of the sleeve are both provided with the positioning convex edges, the lower box body can be conveniently inserted into the sleeve to realize fixation, the insertion depth is consistent, the positioning convex edges on the upper portion facilitate the sleeving of the structural plates and keep the level of the structural plates, and the positioning convex edges are suitable for the time when the thickness of the structural plates is consistent with the height of the sleeve above the positioning convex edges. At least three leveling bolts 21 are also screwed on the bottom plate of the lower box body, and the bottom of the structural plate is provided with grooves (not shown in the figure) matched with the leveling bolts. At least three leveling bolts are also screwed on the bottom plate of the lower box body, so that the structural slab can be leveled, the thickness selection range of the structural slab is large, and the use is flexible.
The transverse moving track mechanism comprises a transverse track 16 and a transverse slider 22 arranged on the lower surface of the lower box body, a longitudinal moving track mechanism arranged along the front-back direction is arranged in the embodiment, the longitudinal moving track mechanism comprises a longitudinal track 17 and a longitudinal slider 8 arranged on the longitudinal track, the transverse track is arranged on the longitudinal slider, the longitudinal track is arranged on a horizontal frame 18, the length of the longitudinal track is lengthened, the shearing test box is conveniently pulled out integrally, a reinforcing rib plate 9 is welded and fixed on the front side of the horizontal frame, and a track bottom plate is arranged on the reinforcing rib plate.
Example 2
The test method using the unsaturated soil and structure interface shear matrix suction test device, as shown in fig. 1-2, comprises the following steps:
1) filling soil into the upper box body, positioning the upper box body through the left positioning mechanism, and applying load to the filled soil through the vertical loading mechanism until the filled soil meets set conditions;
2) the lower box body is transversely loaded through the transverse loading mechanism, the lower box body is pushed to transversely move, the horizontal shearing process of the upper surfaces of the soil body and the structural plate is realized, the shearing rate is controlled to be 0.05 mm per minute, and the suction force is tested by using the suction sensor in the shearing process.
In the step 1), when filling soil, the shear test box is pulled out from the longitudinal rail, and after filling soil, the shear test box is pushed to the position below the vertical loading mechanism.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive of the technical solutions of the present invention, and any equivalent substitutions and modifications or partial substitutions made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A shear matrix suction testing device for unsaturated soil and structural interface is characterized by comprising a support frame, a vertical loading mechanism arranged on the upper portion of the support frame, a shear test box arranged in the middle of the support frame, a transverse loading mechanism arranged on the right side of the support frame, a transverse moving track mechanism arranged at the bottom of the shear test box and a positioning mechanism arranged on the left side of the shear test box, wherein the shear test box comprises an upper box body and a lower box body, the upper box body is provided with a cylindrical containing cavity with an upper opening and a lower opening, the bottom of the lower box body is fixedly provided with a plurality of sleeves, the bottoms of the sleeves are communicated with the outer portion of the lower box body, a structural plate with an upper surface flush with the upper edge of the lower box body is arranged in the lower box body, jacks are arranged at positions corresponding to the sleeves on the structural plate, the upper ends of the sleeves are inserted into the jacks of the structural plate, the, the top of the suction sensor is flush with the top of the structural plate, the output end of the transverse loading mechanism is connected with the right side of the lower box body, and the positioning mechanism is connected with the left side of the upper box body.
2. The device for testing the suction force of the shearing matrix of the unsaturated soil and structure interface according to claim 1, wherein the supporting frame comprises a plurality of upright columns, a cross beam arranged at the upper part of the upright columns and a horizontal frame arranged at the lower part of the upright columns, the vertical loading mechanism is at least one first hydraulic push rod fixedly arranged on the cross beam, the lower end of the first hydraulic push rod is in loading fit with the loading plate through a first pressure sensor, and the transverse loading mechanism comprises a second hydraulic push rod, a push rod fixing mechanism and a push rod connecting structure used for being connected with the lower box body.
3. The unsaturated soil and structure interface shearing matrix suction testing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the push rod fixing mechanism comprises a guide plate fixed on the right side of the support frame, a long hole is formed in the middle of the guide plate, slide rails are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the guide plate, a C-shaped slide plate is arranged on each slide rail in a sliding mode, a second hydraulic push rod is fixedly arranged on each slide plate in a penetrating mode, an output shaft of the second hydraulic push rod penetrates through the long hole, and the push rod connecting structure comprises a push rod output shaft, a connecting shaft connected with the push rod output shaft through a second pressure sensor, an upper flat plate, a lower flat plate, a horizontal connecting plate, a connecting pin shaft, an upper flat plate and a.
4. The device for testing the suction force of the shearing matrix of the unsaturated soil and the structural interface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning plate fixedly arranged on the left side of the supporting frame and a screw rod screwed on the positioning plate or fixed on the positioning plate through a nut, and a baffle plate is fixedly arranged at the right end of the screw rod and is used for being in abutting and positioning fit with the upper box body.
5. The device for testing the suction force of the unsaturated soil and structure interface shearing matrix as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length and width of the cylindrical accommodating cavity are smaller than the corresponding length and width of the structure plate.
6. The device for testing the suction force of the shearing matrix at the interface of the unsaturated soil and the structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transverse moving track mechanism comprises a transverse track and a transverse slide block arranged on the lower surface of the lower box body.
7. The device for testing the suction force of the shearing matrix at the interface of the unsaturated soil and the structure according to claim 1, further comprising a longitudinal moving track mechanism arranged along the front-back direction, wherein the longitudinal moving track mechanism comprises a longitudinal track and a longitudinal slide block arranged on the longitudinal track, the transverse track is arranged on the longitudinal slide block, and the longitudinal track is arranged on a horizontal frame.
8. The device for testing the suction force of the shearing matrix of the unsaturated soil and structure interface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper part and the lower part of the sleeve are provided with positioning convex edges, and a sealing ring is sleeved on the sleeve above the positioning convex edge of the upper part.
9. The device for testing the shearing matrix suction force of the unsaturated soil and structure interface according to claim 8, wherein at least three leveling bolts are further screwed on the bottom plate of the lower box body, and grooves matched with the leveling bolts are formed in the bottom of the structure plate.
10. A testing method using the device for testing the shear matrix suction at the unsaturated soil-structure interface according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
1) filling soil into the upper box body, positioning the upper box body through the left positioning mechanism, and applying load to the filled soil through the vertical loading mechanism until the filled soil meets set conditions;
2) the lower box body is transversely loaded through the transverse loading mechanism, the lower box body is pushed to transversely move, the horizontal shearing process of the upper surfaces of the soil body and the structural plate is realized, the shearing rate is controlled to be 0.05 mm per minute, and the suction force is tested by using the suction sensor in the shearing process.
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CN103969132A (en) * 2014-04-23 2014-08-06 深圳市工勘岩土集团有限公司 Visualized earthwork direct shearing device and method
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