CN112903478B - Unsaturated soil and structure interface shear matrix suction testing device and testing method - Google Patents
Unsaturated soil and structure interface shear matrix suction testing device and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112903478B CN112903478B CN202110230046.2A CN202110230046A CN112903478B CN 112903478 B CN112903478 B CN 112903478B CN 202110230046 A CN202110230046 A CN 202110230046A CN 112903478 B CN112903478 B CN 112903478B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for testing the suction force of a shear matrix of an unsaturated soil and structure interface, wherein the device for testing the suction force of the shear matrix of the unsaturated soil and structure interface comprises a support frame, a vertical loading mechanism arranged at the upper part of the support frame, a shear test box arranged at the middle part of the support frame, a transverse loading mechanism arranged at the right side of the support frame, a transverse moving track mechanism arranged at the bottom of the shear test box and a positioning mechanism arranged at the left side of the shear test box. According to the device for testing the suction force of the unsaturated soil and structural interface shearing matrix, when the device is used, the upper box body is filled with soil, vertical load is applied to the filled soil through the vertical loading mechanism, then the lower box body is transversely loaded through the transverse loading mechanism, and the suction force sensor is used for testing the suction force in the shearing process, so that the device is very convenient to use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of buildings, in particular to a device and a method for testing the suction force of a shear matrix at an interface of unsaturated soil and a structure.
Background
In the fields of civil construction and geotechnical engineering, structural stress deformation in an unsaturated soil layer relates to the problem of the shearing action of an unsaturated soil and a structural interface, and the method is an important test item for analyzing the influence of matrix suction force at the interface of the unsaturated soil and the structure on the mechanical behavior of the interface shearing, obtaining the contribution of the matrix suction force to the shearing strength of the interface, supporting scientific research and engineering practice and measuring the matrix suction force in the shearing process of the interface of the unsaturated soil and the structure. At present, a proper testing device and method for a shear related test of an interface between soil and a structure are not available.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for testing the suction force of a shear matrix at an interface between unsaturated soil and a structure.
The utility model provides an unsaturated soil and structure interface shear matrix suction testing arrangement, includes the support frame, locates the vertical loading mechanism on support frame upper portion, locates the shear test case in support frame middle part, locates the transverse loading mechanism on support frame right side, locates the transverse movement rail mechanism of shear test case bottom and locates the left positioning mechanism of shear test case, the shear test case includes box and lower box, goes up the box and has upper and lower open-ended tube-shape holding chamber, and lower box bottom sets firmly a plurality of sleeves and telescopic bottom and the outside intercommunication of lower box, is equipped with the structural slab of upper surface and lower box upper edge parallel and level on the structural slab, has the jack with the sleeve pipe position that corresponds on the structural slab, sleeve upper end is inserted and is established in the jack of structural slab and sleeve upper end and structural slab upper surface parallel and level, and telescopic top sets up the suction sensor that is used for testing shear force, suction sensor's top and structural slab top parallel and level, transverse loading mechanism's output and lower box right side are connected, positioning mechanism links to each other with last box left side.
Preferably, the support frame comprises a plurality of stand columns, a cross beam arranged on the upper portions of the stand columns and a horizontal frame arranged on the lower portions of the stand columns, the vertical loading mechanism is at least one first hydraulic push rod fixedly arranged on the cross beam, the lower end of the first hydraulic push rod is matched with the loading plate in a loading manner through a first pressure sensor, and the horizontal loading mechanism comprises a second hydraulic push rod, a push rod fixing mechanism and a push rod connecting structure used for being connected with the lower box body.
Preferably, the push rod fixing mechanism comprises a guide plate fixed on the right side of the support frame, a long hole is formed in the middle of the guide plate, sliding rails are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the guide plate, a C-shaped sliding plate is arranged on the sliding rails in a sliding mode, a second hydraulic push rod is fixedly arranged on the sliding plate in a penetrating mode, an output shaft of the second hydraulic push rod penetrates through the long hole, and the push rod connecting structure comprises a push rod output shaft, a connecting shaft connected with the push rod output shaft through a second pressure sensor, an upper plate, a lower plate, a horizontal connecting plate and a connecting pin shaft, wherein the upper plate and the lower plate are arranged in parallel at the end portion of the connecting shaft, and the horizontal connecting plate is arranged on the right side of the lower box body.
Preferably, the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning plate fixedly arranged on the left side of the support frame and a screw rod rotatably arranged on the positioning plate or fixed on the positioning plate through a nut, and the right end of the screw rod is fixedly provided with a baffle plate for being in jacking positioning fit with the upper box body.
Preferably, the length and width of the cylindrical accommodating cavity are smaller than the corresponding length and width of the structural plate.
Preferably, the transverse moving track mechanism comprises a transverse track and a transverse sliding block arranged on the lower surface of the lower box body.
Preferably, the device further comprises a longitudinal moving rail mechanism arranged along the front-back direction, wherein the longitudinal moving rail mechanism comprises a longitudinal rail and a longitudinal sliding block on the longitudinal rail, the transverse rail is arranged on the longitudinal sliding block, and the longitudinal rail is arranged on the horizontal frame.
Preferably, the upper part and the lower part of the sleeve are both provided with positioning convex edges, and the sleeve above the positioning convex edges on the upper part is also sleeved with a sealing ring.
Preferably, at least three leveling bolts are further screwed on the bottom plate of the lower box body, and grooves matched with the leveling bolts are formed in the bottom of the structural plate.
The test method of the device for testing the suction force of the shear matrix by utilizing the unsaturated soil and structure interface comprises the following steps:
1) Filling soil into the upper box body, positioning the upper box body through a left positioning mechanism, and then applying load to the filled soil through a vertical loading mechanism until the set condition is met;
2) The lower box body is transversely loaded through the transverse loading mechanism, the lower box body is pushed to transversely move, the horizontal shearing process of the soil body and the upper surface of the structural plate is realized, the shearing rate is controlled to be 0.05 millimeter per minute, and the suction force is tested by utilizing the suction sensor in the shearing process.
According to the unsaturated soil and structure interface shear matrix suction testing device, when the device is used, the upper box body is filled with soil firstly, then the upper box body is positioned through the left positioning mechanism, and vertical load is applied to the filled soil through the vertical loading mechanism until the device meets set conditions and achieves stability; then the lower box body is transversely loaded through the transverse loading mechanism, the lower box body is pushed to transversely move, the horizontal shearing process of the soil body and the upper surface of the structural plate is realized, and the suction force is tested by utilizing the suction sensor in the shearing process, so that the use is very convenient.
Furthermore, the push rod fixing mechanism enables the second hydraulic push rod to move up and down, and is convenient to match with lower boxes with different heights, so that the use is flexible.
Furthermore, the positioning mechanism is used for positioning the upper box body and preventing the upper box body from moving leftwards.
Furthermore, the length and the width of the cylindrical accommodating cavity are smaller than the corresponding length and the width of the structural plate, so that the contact area between the soil body and the upper surface of the structural plate is kept unchanged in the shearing process.
Furthermore, the track mechanism is longitudinally moved, the shear test box can be integrally pulled out, and the sensor and the filling soil are convenient to install.
Furthermore, the upper part and the lower part of the sleeve are both provided with positioning convex edges, the lower box bottom can be conveniently inserted to realize fixation, the insertion depth is consistent, and the positioning convex edges on the upper part are convenient for the structure plate to be sleeved and the level of the structure plate is kept.
Furthermore, at least three leveling bolts are further screwed on the bottom plate of the lower box body, the structural plate can be leveled, grooves matched with the leveling bolts are formed in the bottom of the structural plate, and the structural plate is prevented from moving horizontally during leveling.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a testing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the shear test chamber of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the present invention more clear, the technical scheme of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
The utility model provides an unsaturated soil and structure interface shear matrix suction testing arrangement, as shown in figure 1, figure 2, including the support frame, locate the vertical loading mechanism in support frame upper portion, locate the shear test case in support frame middle part, locate the transverse loading mechanism in support frame right side, locate the transverse movement rail mechanism in shear test case bottom and locate the positioning mechanism in shear test case left side, the support frame includes four stand 3, locate the crossbeam 2 in stand upper portion and locate the horizontal stand 18 in stand lower part, in this embodiment, vertical loading mechanism is two first hydraulic push rods 1 that set firmly on the crossbeam, first hydraulic push rods 1 is along the transverse arrangement, the lower extreme of first hydraulic push rods is through first pressure sensor 19 and loading board 10 load cooperation, in this embodiment, the loading board includes upper plate, hypoplastron and intermediate connecting plate, the shear test box includes box 4 and lower box 6, go up the box and have upper and lower open-ended tube-shape holding chamber 26, in this embodiment, the cross-section in tube-shape holding chamber is the rectangle, loading plate 10 and tube-shape holding chamber coincide sliding fit, lower box bottom sets firmly a plurality of sleeves 23 and telescopic bottom and the outside intercommunication of lower box, be equipped with the upper surface in the lower box and follow the structural slab 25 of parallel and level on the lower box, the structural slab adopts concrete slab or plastic slab etc. on the structural slab, the position that corresponds with the sleeve pipe has the jack, sleeve upper end is inserted and is established in the jack of structural slab and sleeve upper end and structural slab upper surface parallel and level, telescopic top sets up the suction sensor 24 that is used for testing shear plane suction, suction sensor's top and structural slab top parallel and level, transverse loading mechanism's output is connected with lower box right side, positioning mechanism links to each other with last box left side. The horizontal loading mechanism comprises a second hydraulic push rod 14, a push rod fixing mechanism and a push rod connecting structure used for being connected with the lower box body, the push rod fixing mechanism comprises a guide plate 15 fixed on the right side of the support frame, a long hole is formed in the middle of the guide plate, sliding rails are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the guide plate, a C-shaped sliding plate is arranged on the sliding rails in a sliding mode, the second hydraulic push rod 14 is fixedly arranged on the sliding plate in a penetrating mode, an output shaft of the second hydraulic push rod penetrates through the long hole, the push rod connecting structure comprises a push rod output shaft, a connecting shaft connected with the push rod output shaft through a second pressure sensor 13, an upper plate, a lower plate, a horizontal connecting plate 12 and a connecting pin, wherein the upper plate and the lower plate are arranged in parallel, the horizontal connecting plate is arranged on the right side of the lower box body, and the horizontal connecting plate is inserted into the two plates in the parallel arrangement, and is vertically penetrated and fixed through the pin shaft.
The positioning mechanism comprises a positioning plate (not shown in the figure) fixedly arranged on the left side of the support frame and a screw rod 5 screwed on the positioning plate or fixed on the positioning plate through a nut, the embodiment is fixed by the nut, a baffle plate (not shown in the figure) is fixedly arranged at the right end of the screw rod and is used for being matched with the upper box body in a jacking and positioning manner, the positioning mechanism positions the upper box body, and the upper box body is prevented from moving leftwards. The length and the width of the cylindrical accommodating cavity are smaller than the corresponding length and the width of the structural plate, so that the contact area between the soil body and the upper surface of the structural plate is kept unchanged in the shearing process.
It should be noted that in this embodiment, the upper portion and the lower portion of the sleeve are both provided with positioning convex edges 27 and 28, the sleeve above the positioning convex edge 27 on the upper portion is further sleeved with a sealing ring 29, the upper portion and the lower portion of the sleeve are both provided with positioning convex edges, the lower portion of the sleeve can be conveniently inserted into the bottom of the lower box to achieve fixation, the insertion depth is consistent, the positioning convex edges on the upper portion are convenient for the structure plate to be sleeved and kept at the level of the structure plate, and the sleeve is suitable for the time when the thickness of the structure plate is consistent with the height of the sleeve above the positioning convex edges on the upper portion. At least three leveling bolts 21 are also screwed on the bottom plate of the lower box body, and grooves (not shown in the figure) matched with the leveling bolts are formed in the bottom of the structural plate. At least three leveling bolts are further screwed on the bottom plate of the lower box body, so that the structural plate can be leveled, the thickness selection range of the structural plate is larger, and the use is flexible.
The transverse moving track mechanism comprises a transverse track 16 and a transverse slider 22 arranged on the lower surface of the lower box body, the longitudinal moving track mechanism is arranged in the embodiment and comprises a longitudinal track 17 and a longitudinal slider 8 on the longitudinal track, the transverse track is arranged on the longitudinal slider, the longitudinal track is arranged on a horizontal frame 18, the shearing test box is conveniently pulled out integrally in order to lengthen the length of the longitudinal track, a reinforcing rib plate 9 is welded and fixed on the front side of the horizontal frame, and a track bottom plate is arranged on the reinforcing rib plate.
Example 2
The test method of the unsaturated soil and structure interface shear matrix suction test device is shown in fig. 1-2, and comprises the following steps:
1) Filling soil into the upper box body, positioning the upper box body through a left positioning mechanism, and then applying load to the filled soil through a vertical loading mechanism until the set condition is met;
2) The lower box body is transversely loaded through the transverse loading mechanism, the lower box body is pushed to transversely move, the horizontal shearing process of the soil body and the upper surface of the structural plate is realized, the shearing rate is controlled to be 0.05 millimeter per minute, and the suction force is tested by utilizing the suction sensor in the shearing process.
In the step 1), during soil filling, the shear test box is pulled out from the longitudinal rail, and the soil is completely filled up by the belt and is pushed to the lower part of the vertical loading mechanism.
Finally, what should be said is: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and any equivalent replacement of the present invention and modification or partial replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The device is characterized by comprising a support frame, a vertical loading mechanism arranged on the upper portion of the support frame, a shear test box arranged in the middle of the support frame, a transverse loading mechanism arranged on the right side of the support frame, a transverse moving track mechanism arranged at the bottom of the shear test box and a positioning mechanism arranged on the left side of the shear test box, wherein the shear test box comprises an upper box body and a lower box body, the upper box body is provided with a cylindrical accommodating cavity with an upper opening and a lower opening, a plurality of sleeves are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower box body, the bottoms of the sleeves are communicated with the outer portion of the lower box body, a structural plate with the upper surface being flush with the upper edge of the lower box body is arranged in the lower box body, insertion holes are formed in positions, corresponding to sleeves, of the upper ends of the sleeves are inserted into the insertion holes of the structural plate, the upper ends of the sleeves are flush with the upper surface of the structural plate, the tops of the sleeves are provided with suction force sensors for testing shear surfaces, the output ends of the transverse loading mechanisms are connected with the right side of the lower box body, the positioning mechanisms are connected with the left side of the upper box body, the upper box body and the upper box body are provided with a positioning sleeve with a sealing ring which is also arranged above the upper flange.
2. The device for testing the suction force of the unsaturated soil and structural interface shearing matrix according to claim 1, wherein the supporting frame comprises a plurality of upright posts, a cross beam arranged on the upper parts of the upright posts and a horizontal frame arranged on the lower parts of the upright posts, the vertical loading mechanism is at least one first hydraulic push rod fixedly arranged on the cross beam, the lower end of the first hydraulic push rod is in loading fit with the loading plate through a first pressure sensor, and the horizontal loading mechanism comprises a second hydraulic push rod, a push rod fixing mechanism and a push rod connecting structure used for being connected with the lower box body.
3. The device for testing the suction force of the unsaturated soil and structural interface shearing matrix according to claim 2, wherein the push rod fixing mechanism comprises a guide plate fixed on the right side of the support frame, a long hole is formed in the middle of the guide plate, sliding rails are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the guide plate, a C-shaped sliding plate is arranged on the sliding rails in a sliding mode, a second hydraulic push rod is fixedly arranged on the sliding plate in a penetrating mode, an output shaft of the second hydraulic push rod penetrates through the long hole, and the push rod connecting structure comprises a push rod output shaft, a connecting shaft connected with the push rod output shaft through a second pressure sensor, an upper flat plate, a lower flat plate, a horizontal connecting plate and a connecting pin, wherein the upper flat plate and the lower flat plate are arranged in parallel, and the horizontal connecting plate is arranged on the right side of the lower box body.
4. The device for testing the suction force of the shear matrix at the interface between unsaturated soil and a structure according to claim 1, wherein the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning plate fixedly arranged on the left side of the supporting frame and a screw rod rotatably arranged on the positioning plate or fixed on the positioning plate through a nut, and a baffle plate is fixedly arranged at the right end of the screw rod and is used for being in jacking positioning fit with the upper box body.
5. The device for testing the suction force of the shear matrix at the interface between unsaturated soil and a structure according to claim 1, wherein the length and the width of the cylindrical accommodating cavity are smaller than the corresponding length and the width of the structural plate.
6. The device for testing the suction force of the shear matrix at the interface between unsaturated soil and a structure according to claim 1, wherein the transverse moving track mechanism comprises a transverse track and a transverse sliding block arranged on the lower surface of the lower box body.
7. The device for testing the suction force of the shear matrix at the interface between unsaturated soil and a structure according to claim 1, further comprising a longitudinal moving rail mechanism arranged in the front-back direction, wherein the longitudinal moving rail mechanism comprises a longitudinal rail and a longitudinal sliding block on the longitudinal rail, the transverse rail is arranged on the longitudinal sliding block, and the longitudinal rail is arranged on the horizontal frame.
8. The device for testing the suction force of the shear matrix at the interface between unsaturated soil and a structure according to claim 1, wherein at least three leveling bolts are further screwed on a bottom plate of the lower box body, and grooves matched with the leveling bolts are formed in the bottom of the structural plate.
9. A testing method using the unsaturated soil and structure interface shear matrix suction testing device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized by comprising the steps of:
1) Filling soil into the upper box body, positioning the upper box body through a left positioning mechanism, and then applying load to the filled soil through a vertical loading mechanism until the set condition is met;
2) The lower box body is transversely loaded through the transverse loading mechanism, the lower box body is pushed to transversely move, the horizontal shearing process of the soil body and the upper surface of the structural plate is realized, the shearing rate is controlled to be 0.05 millimeter per minute, and the suction force is tested by utilizing the suction sensor in the shearing process.
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| CN202110230046.2A CN112903478B (en) | 2021-03-02 | 2021-03-02 | Unsaturated soil and structure interface shear matrix suction testing device and testing method |
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