CN112902816A - Tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system and method - Google Patents
Tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112902816A CN112902816A CN202110164406.3A CN202110164406A CN112902816A CN 112902816 A CN112902816 A CN 112902816A CN 202110164406 A CN202110164406 A CN 202110164406A CN 112902816 A CN112902816 A CN 112902816A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/003—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring position, not involving coordinate determination
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system and method. The system comprises a plurality of displacement transmission plates which are sequentially connected end to form a straight line, and every two adjacent displacement transmission plates are connected through a sensor rotary connecting hinge to form a mortise and tenon combination; a hollow groove for inserting the Flex bending sensor is reserved in each displacement transmission plate, the Flex bending sensor is placed in the hollow groove and positioned between the two displacement transmission plates, and the bending point of the Flex bending sensor is controlled at the rotary connecting hinge of the sensor; each Flex sensor is connected with a data acquisition and transmission device through a sensor signal acquisition cable, and the data acquisition and transmission device is connected with a data acquisition and analysis terminal in a wireless communication mode. According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the wrong platform condition of the tunnel segment is monitored by the Flex bending sensor, the accuracy is high, the weight is light, the wireless transmission can be realized, the installation is easy, the monitoring quality is improved, and the monitoring cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering monitoring, in particular to a tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system and method based on a Flex bending sensing technology.
Background
The staggered platform of the pipe pieces of the subway tunnel refers to the phenomenon that adjacent pipe pieces are staggered in space positions to cause unsmooth inner walls between continuous pipe pieces, and specifically comprises two situations, namely the staggered platform between rings, and the staggered platform between adjacent pipe pieces in the same ring. Through bolted connection between section of jurisdiction and the section of jurisdiction, because the bending rigidity of seam crossing and section of jurisdiction is different, probably can make seam crossing take place relative displacement because the section of jurisdiction atress is uneven, the wrong platform phenomenon of section of jurisdiction appears. The harm of section of jurisdiction mistake platform is very big, not only beautifully influences the tunnel, but also can influence tunnel structure safety, causes section of jurisdiction fracture, drops etc. threatens the safe operation of subway, and what more can also cause diseases such as section of jurisdiction seam infiltration even, consequently, monitors tunnel section of jurisdiction mistake platform very necessary.
Two methods for measuring the dislocation of the tunnel segments include a manual method and an automatic detection method.
The manual method mainly collects slab staggering data in the tunnel by utilizing manual means and adopting a necessary auxiliary facility mode, for example, a hand-held tunnel segment slab staggering measuring instrument disclosed in the currently published patent number CN206724887U needs a person to hold a handle, quickly and accurately measure slab staggering according to operation rules, memorize data and provide original data for subsequent processing and analysis; the device and method for measuring slab staggering of tunnel duct pieces disclosed in patent No. CN109900184A utilize two measuring rulers to combine together, and calculate slab staggering amount through their scale readings; designed a simple and easy device that measures tunnel segment fissure of displacement warp among patent number CN204730798U, read out wrong platform numerical value through range finding lead screw and reading disc, assemble the section of jurisdiction to the shield of different specifications, all can carry out the monitoring that the fissure of displacement warp through adjustable base. In conclusion, the manual method has the advantages of low price, simplicity in operation and the like, but a large amount of manpower is needed, the monitoring efficiency is low, and errors of measurement results are easily caused by negligence of workers.
An automatic detection method, such as that disclosed in the currently published patent No. CN110987040A, discloses a fiber grating long-distance tunnel segment dislocation and ballast bed settlement monitoring and alarming system, which can monitor the average wavelength difference given by three gratings on each identification section of a long-distance tunnel in real time on line, and adopts a specific method to calculate the segment dislocation and ballast bed settlement size of each identification section of the tunnel, and when the average wavelength difference exceeds the preset allowable error, audible and visual alarming can be caused. Patent No. CN105089702A discloses a system and a method for monitoring shield tunnel dislocation on line with large scale and high precision, the system has simple structure and low cost, but the technology based on the patent is Brillouin technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system and method, which aim to improve monitoring quality and reduce monitoring cost.
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system, which comprises a plurality of displacement transmission plates which are sequentially connected end to end in a straight shape, wherein two adjacent displacement transmission plates are connected through a sensor in a rotating, connecting and hinging manner to form a mortise and tenon combination; a hollow groove for inserting the Flex bending sensor is reserved in each displacement transmission plate, the Flex bending sensor is placed in the hollow groove and positioned between the two displacement transmission plates, and the bending point of the Flex bending sensor is controlled at the rotary connecting hinge of the sensor; each Flex sensor is connected with a data acquisition and transmission device through a sensor signal acquisition cable, and the data acquisition and transmission device is connected with a data acquisition and analysis terminal in a wireless communication mode.
Optionally, the number of the displacement transfer plates is six, and the displacement transfer plates include a first displacement transfer plate, a second displacement transfer plate, a third displacement transfer plate, a fourth displacement transfer plate, a fifth displacement transfer plate, and a sixth displacement transfer plate; the first displacement transmission plate, the second displacement transmission plate, the third displacement transmission plate and the fourth displacement transmission plate are connected in sequence through the three sensor rotary connecting hinges to form a mortise and tenon combination; the fourth displacement transmission plate and the fifth displacement transmission plate are fixedly connected; the fifth displacement transmission plate and the sixth displacement transmission plate are connected through a sensor rotary connecting hinge to form a mortise and tenon combination;
the number of the Flex bending sensors is four, and the Flex bending sensors are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the positions of the rotary connecting hinges of the four sensors.
Optionally, the first displacement transfer plate, the second displacement transfer plate, the third displacement transfer plate and the fourth displacement transfer plate are used for measuring horizontal opening and closing and vertical stagger of the tunnel segment; and the fifth displacement transmission plate and the sixth displacement transmission plate are used for measuring the horizontal stagger of the tunnel segment.
Optionally, each displacement transmission plate and the sensor rotary connecting hinge are made by additive manufacturing technology.
Optionally, after one end of the Flex bending sensor is arranged in the empty slot of the displacement transmission plate, the other end of the Flex bending sensor penetrates through the sensor rotary connecting hinge and is inserted into the empty slot of the adjacent displacement transmission plate in the same direction, and the bending point of the Flex bending sensor is controlled at the sensor rotary connecting hinge; the displacement transmission plates in both directions are connected in the above-described manner.
Optionally, the Flex bend sensor is a rectangular strip structure.
Optionally, the empty slot in the displacement transfer plate for accommodating the Flex bend sensor is a rectangular slot.
Optionally, the data acquisition and transmission device is connected with the data acquisition and analysis terminal in a bluetooth wireless communication mode.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for monitoring a tunnel segment dislocation, where the method for monitoring a tunnel segment dislocation comprises the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the position of a head end displacement transfer plate at a fixed point of a tunnel segment, placing a Flex bending sensor into a hollow groove after the head end displacement transfer plate is fixed at the fixed point of the tunnel segment, connecting the two displacement transfer plates through a sensor rotary connecting hinge, then placing the Flex bending sensor into the hollow groove of the other displacement transfer plate, fixedly connecting the Flex bending sensor with the sensor rotary connecting hinge, and analogizing in sequence, and finally determining the position of a tail end displacement transfer plate at the fixed point of the other end of the tunnel segment, and fixing the tail end displacement transfer plate with the fixed point of the tunnel segment;
step two: each Flex sensor is connected to a data acquisition and transmission device through a sensor signal acquisition cable, and then is in contact with a data acquisition and analysis terminal in a wireless communication mode to enter a normal working state.
Step three: when the duct piece is opened and closed horizontally, staggered vertically and staggered horizontally, the Flex bending sensors in the displacement transmission plates in all directions are bent, and the angle between the two displacement transmission plates is changed, so that the resistance of the Flex bending sensors is changed correspondingly; the data acquisition and analysis terminal acquires the data of each Flex bending sensor through the data acquisition and transmission device, and the three-dimensional variable quantity of the staggered platform of the tunnel segment is obtained through conversion and monitoring according to the change of the data of each Flex bending sensor.
Optionally, before the step one, the method further includes: and printing the displacement transfer plate and the sensor rotary connecting hinge by adopting an additive manufacturing technology.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the wrong platform condition of the tunnel segment is monitored by the Flex bending sensor, the accuracy is high, the weight is light, the wireless transmission can be realized, the installation is easy, the monitoring quality is improved, and the monitoring cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system schematic diagram of a tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a displacement transmission plate and a sensor rotary connection hinge of the tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a system in which a segment transmits x-direction displacement in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a system in which a segment transmits z-direction displacement in an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals: the device comprises a first displacement transmission plate 101, a second displacement transmission plate 102, a third displacement transmission plate 103, a fourth displacement transmission plate 104, a fifth displacement transmission plate 105, a sixth displacement transmission plate 106, a Flex bending sensor 201, a Flex bending sensor 202, a Flex bending sensor 203, a Flex bending sensor 204, a data acquisition and transmission device 3, a data acquisition and analysis terminal 4, a displacement transmission plate fixing point 51, a displacement transmission plate fixing point 52, a tunnel tube sheet 61, a tunnel tube sheet 62, a sensor rotary connecting hinge 71, a sensor rotary connecting hinge 72, a sensor rotary connecting hinge 73 and a sensor rotary connecting hinge 74.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Before discussing exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be noted that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although a flowchart may describe the steps as a sequential process, many of the steps can be performed in parallel, concurrently or simultaneously. In addition, the order of the steps may be rearranged. The process may be terminated when its operations are completed, but may have additional steps not included in the figure. The processes may correspond to methods, functions, procedures, subroutines, and the like.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like may be used herein to describe various orientations, actions, steps, elements, or the like, but the orientations, actions, steps, or elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one direction, action, step or element from another direction, action, step or element. For example, the first displacement transfer plate may be referred to as a second displacement transfer plate, and similarly, the second displacement transfer plate may be referred to as a first displacement transfer plate, without departing from the scope of the present application. The first displacement-transmitting plate member and the second displacement-transmitting plate member are both displacement-transmitting plate members, but are not the same displacement-transmitting plate member. The terms "first", "second", etc. are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
Fig. 1 is a system schematic diagram of a tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system in the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises a plurality of displacement transmission plates which are sequentially connected end to end in a straight shape, and every two adjacent displacement transmission plates are connected through a sensor rotary connecting hinge to form a mortise and tenon combination.
For example, as shown in fig. 1, the number of the displacement transfer plates is six, and includes a first displacement transfer plate 101, a second displacement transfer plate 102, a third displacement transfer plate 103, a fourth displacement transfer plate 104, a fifth displacement transfer plate 105, and a sixth displacement transfer plate 106; as shown in fig. 2, the first displacement transmission plate 101, the second displacement transmission plate 102, the third displacement transmission plate 103 and the fourth displacement transmission plate 104 are connected in sequence by three sensor rotary connecting hinges (a fourth sensor rotary connecting hinge 74, a third sensor rotary connecting hinge 73 and a second sensor rotary connecting hinge 72) to form a mortise and tenon combination; the fourth displacement transmission plate 104 and the fifth displacement transmission plate 105 are fixedly connected; the fifth displacement-transmitting plate 105 and the sixth displacement-transmitting plate 106 are connected to each other by a sensor rotation-connecting hinge (first sensor rotation-connecting hinge 71) to form a mortise-tenon combination. It can be understood that the number and connection of the displacement transmission plate and the sensor rotary connecting hinge can be set according to the requirement, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.
A hollow groove for inserting the Flex bending sensor is reserved in each displacement transmission plate, the Flex bending sensor is placed in the hollow groove and positioned between the two displacement transmission plates, and the bending point of the Flex bending sensor is controlled at the rotary connecting hinge of the sensor; each Flex sensor is connected with a data acquisition and transmission device through a sensor signal acquisition cable, and the data acquisition and transmission device is connected with a data acquisition and analysis terminal in a wireless communication mode.
For example, as shown in fig. 2, the number of Flex sensors is four, and the first Flex sensor 201, the second Flex sensor 202, the third Flex sensor 203 and the fourth Flex sensor 204 are respectively mounted at the positions of the four sensor rotation connection hinges. It can be understood that the number and arrangement of the Flex sensors can be set according to the needs, and the embodiments of the present invention do not limit this.
The Flex bend sensor is a resistance type sensor, and the working principle of the Flex bend sensor is that the output resistance of the Flex bend sensor changes along with the change of a bending angle, namely, a physical quantity is converted into a resistance value. Compared with the traditional bending sensor, the Flex bending sensor has the advantages of simple application circuit, easy processing of output signals, high accuracy, light weight, wireless transmission and low cost. Because it is formed by ultra-thin resistance card, so can fix it on the curved surface of the measured object with the help of ultra-thin external packaging, cooperate with the wireless analog output, very convenient data are gathered and processed. The sensor is slightly influenced by the environment after being packaged, and is easier to multiplex and realize distributed sensing and the like. At present, Flex bending sensors are widely used in the fields of civil engineering, agriculture, medical instruments, musical instruments, robots and the like. Thus, the Flex sensor can be used on the surface of an existing structure for real-time monitoring to monitor a tunnel segment dislocation.
In this embodiment, after one end of the Flex bend sensor is disposed in the empty slot of the displacement transmission plate, the other end of the Flex bend sensor passes through the sensor rotation connection hinge and is inserted into the empty slot of the adjacent displacement transmission plate in the same direction, and the bending point of the Flex bend sensor is controlled at the sensor rotation connection hinge; the displacement transmission plates in both directions are connected in the above-described manner.
As an alternative embodiment, the Flex bend sensor is a rectangular strip structure.
As an alternative embodiment, the empty slot in the displacement transfer plate for accommodating the Flex bend sensor is a rectangular slot.
As an alternative embodiment, each displacement transfer plate and the sensor rotary connection hinge are made by additive manufacturing techniques.
Additive manufacturing technology, also known as Rapid prototyping, is a layer-by-layer printing technique for building objects based on digital model files using bondable materials. Compared with the traditional manufacturing industry, firstly, the additive manufacturing technology can realize the manufacturing of the component with extremely complex structure by utilizing the high-precision decomposition of the object by the computer; and secondly, the components manufactured by the additive manufacturing technology can convert the three-dimensional model into a real object without traditional tools and manpower, so that errors generated in the manufacturing process are reduced.
The following describes in detail a tunnel segment dislocation monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: confirm the position of head end displacement transmission plate at the fixed point of tunnel section of jurisdiction, with head end displacement transmission plate after the fixed point of tunnel section of jurisdiction is fixed, put into the dead slot with Flex bending sensor, and connect two displacement transmission plates through the sensor swivelling joint hinge, then put into the dead slot of another displacement transmission plate with Flex bending sensor again, and through sensor swivelling joint hinge fixed connection, analogize in proper order, confirm the position of terminal displacement transmission plate at the fixed point of the tunnel section of jurisdiction other end at last, and it is fixed with the fixed point of tunnel section of jurisdiction to transmit the plate with terminal displacement.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the position of the fixing point 51 of the sixth displacement transmission plate 106 is determined, after the sixth displacement transmission plate 106 is fixed to the tunnel segment 61, the first Flex sensor 201 is placed in the rectangular groove, the sixth displacement transmission plate 106 is connected with the fifth displacement transmission plate 105 through the first sensor rotary connecting hinge 71, the connection position of the fifth displacement transmission plate 105 and the fourth displacement transmission plate 104 is a fixed end and cannot rotate, then the second Flex sensor 202 is placed in the rectangular groove, the third displacement transmission plate 103 is connected through the second sensor rotary connecting hinge 72, and so on, and finally the position of the fixing point 52 of the first displacement transmission plate 101 is determined and is fixed to the tunnel segment 62.
As shown in fig. 2, in the initial state, the joint of the first displacement transmission plate 101 and the tunnel segment 62 is a fixed end and cannot move; the included angle alpha of the mortise and tenon combination formed by the first displacement transmission plate 101 and the second displacement transmission plate 102 is 150 degrees; the included angle beta of the mortise and tenon combination formed by the second displacement transmission plate 102 and the third displacement transmission plate 103 is 60 degrees; the included angle gamma of the mortise and tenon combination formed by the third displacement transmission plate 103 and the fourth displacement transmission plate 104 is 150 degrees; the joint of the fourth displacement-transmitting plate 104 and the fifth displacement-transmitting plate 105 is a fixed end and cannot rotate; the included angle theta of the mortise and tenon combination formed by the fifth displacement transmission plate 105 and the sixth displacement transmission plate 106 is 180 degrees; the junction of the sixth displacement transmission plate 106 and the tunnel segment 61 is a fixed end and cannot move.
With reference to fig. 3, the Flex sensor is inserted into a rectangular slot opened on a displacement transmission plate, after passing through a sensor rotation connection hinge, the Flex sensor with a length of about one half is inserted into a rectangular slot opened on another displacement transmission plate, so that the Flex sensor does not move relatively in the slot of each displacement transmission plate, and the bending point of the Flex sensor is controlled at the sensor rotation connection hinge.
As an alternative embodiment, before the step one, the method further comprises: and printing the displacement transfer plate and the sensor rotary connecting hinge by adopting an additive manufacturing technology.
Step two: each Flex sensor is connected to a data acquisition and transmission device through a sensor signal acquisition cable, and then is in contact with a data acquisition and analysis terminal in a wireless communication mode to enter a normal working state.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, each Flex sensor is connected to the data acquisition and transmission device 3 through a sensor signal acquisition cable, and then is linked with the data acquisition and analysis terminal 4 through a wireless communication mode, so that the tunnel slab staggering monitoring system based on Flex sensing enters a normal working state.
As an optional embodiment, the data acquisition and transmission device is connected with the data acquisition and analysis terminal in a Bluetooth wireless communication mode. The Bluetooth technology is a wireless communication technology, and data can be exchanged and shared by connecting Bluetooth modules installed on different devices, so that the data can be transmitted to a computer or a mobile phone by a sensor simply and efficiently. The Bluetooth technology has the advantages of small power consumption, mature technology, low cost, strong attenuation resistance and the like.
Step three: when the duct piece is opened and closed horizontally, staggered vertically and staggered horizontally, the Flex bending sensors in the displacement transmission plates in all directions are bent, and the angle between the two displacement transmission plates is changed, so that the resistance of the Flex bending sensors is changed correspondingly; the data acquisition and analysis terminal acquires the data of each Flex bending sensor through the data acquisition and transmission device, and the three-dimensional variable quantity of the staggered platform of the tunnel segment is obtained through conversion and monitoring according to the change of the data of each Flex bending sensor.
Specifically, the first displacement transmission plate 101, the second displacement transmission plate 102, the third displacement transmission plate 103 and the fourth displacement transmission plate 104 are used for measuring horizontal opening and closing and vertical stagger of the tunnel segment; the fifth displacement transfer plate 105 and the sixth displacement transfer plate 106 are used to measure the horizontal stagger of the tunnel segments. When adjacent tunnel segments are vertically staggered and horizontally folded, because the first displacement transmission plate 101, the second displacement transmission plate 102 and the third displacement transmission plate 103 are displaced, the angles of alpha, beta and gamma are changed; meanwhile, the Flex bending sensors inside the corresponding first displacement transmission plate 10l, second displacement transmission plate 102 and third displacement transmission plate 103 are also bent at the sensor rotary connecting hinges 72, 73 and 74, so that the resistance is also changed correspondingly; when the adjacent tunnel segments are horizontally displaced, the angle θ is changed due to the displacement of the fifth displacement transfer plate 105 and the sixth displacement transfer plate 106; while the Flex sensor inside the respective fifth and sixth displacement-transferring plates 105, 106 is also bent at the sensor rotary joint 71 and thus the resistance is changed accordingly.
The data acquisition and analysis terminal 4 simultaneously acquires the electric signals of each Flex sensor through the data acquisition and transmission device 3, and converts the displacement condition of the adjacent tunnel segment according to the signal quantity change of each Flex sensor, thereby realizing the monitoring of the dislocation of the tunnel segment.
Specifically, the specific method for converting the displacement of the adjacent tunnel segment according to the data change of the Flex bending sensor comprises the following steps:
step 1: obtaining a relational expression between the angle change between the displacement transfer plate and the horizontal plane and the signal quantity change of the Flex bending sensor point in advance by using a calibration experiment;
step 2: the angle changes of the Flex bending sensors in the displacement transmission plate are obtained according to the relational expression and the changes of the electric signal quantity of each Flex bending sensor during actual measurement, and are set as delta alpha, delta beta, delta gamma and delta theta. It is known that the length of the displacement-transmitting plate members (101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106) is l, respectively1、l2、l3、l4、l5、l6。
The first condition is as follows: only displacement in the x-direction occurs. Assuming that the duct piece 61 is unchanged, the duct piece 62 is displaced by Δ x in the positive x direction, and the diagram is shown in fig. 4, and the displacement Δ x is obtained.
x1＝l2cos(α-90°) (a)
x2＝l2cos(60°+Δα) (b)
xa＝l3-l3cosΔγ (c)
Δx＝x1-x2-x3 (d)
Substituting (a), (b), and (c) into (d) can further obtain:
case two: when only a displacement in the z-direction occurs. Assuming that segment one 61 is unchanged, segment 62 is displaced Δ z in the negative z-direction, and the diagram is shown in fig. 5, and the value of displacement Δ z is obtained.
x1＝l2cos(α-90°) (f)
x2＝l3sinγ (g)
x3＝l2sin(α-90°)-x2 (h)
x4＝l3-l3cosΔγ (i)
So x6＝x1-x4-x5 (k)
Thus Δ z ═ x6tan(60°+Δα) (l)
Substituting (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) into (l) further yields:
case three: when only a displacement in the y-direction occurs. Assuming that the first segment 61 is unchanged, the segment 62 is displaced by Δ y in the negative y-direction, and the value of the displacement Δ y is obtained.
Δy＝l5sinΔθ (n)
Case four: when the segment is displaced non-uniformly in the z-direction. Assuming that the first segment 61 is unchanged, when the segment 62 is displaced by delta y along the negative y direction, the displacements at the two ends of the segment are respectively delta z1And Δ z2Then the displacement of the midpoint of the duct piece
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the wrong platform condition of the tunnel segment is monitored by the Flex bending sensor, the accuracy is high, the weight is light, the wireless transmission can be realized, the installation is easy, the monitoring quality is improved, and the monitoring cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the displacement transfer plate is printed by using the additive manufacturing technology, so that the method is convenient and fast, low in cost, capable of improving the monitoring stability of the sensor and the like.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system is characterized by comprising a plurality of displacement transmission plates which are sequentially connected end to end in a straight shape, wherein two adjacent displacement transmission plates are connected through a sensor rotary connecting hinge to form a mortise and tenon combination; a hollow groove for inserting the Flex bending sensor is reserved in each displacement transmission plate, the Flex bending sensor is placed in the hollow groove and positioned between the two displacement transmission plates, and the bending point of the Flex bending sensor is controlled at the rotary connecting hinge of the sensor; each Flex sensor is connected with a data acquisition and transmission device through a sensor signal acquisition cable, and the data acquisition and transmission device is connected with a data acquisition and analysis terminal in a wireless communication mode.
2. The tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the number of the displacement transfer plates is six, including a first displacement transfer plate, a second displacement transfer plate, a third displacement transfer plate, a fourth displacement transfer plate, a fifth displacement transfer plate and a sixth displacement transfer plate; the first displacement transmission plate, the second displacement transmission plate, the third displacement transmission plate and the fourth displacement transmission plate are connected in sequence through the three sensor rotary connecting hinges to form a mortise and tenon combination; the fourth displacement transmission plate and the fifth displacement transmission plate are fixedly connected; the fifth displacement transmission plate and the sixth displacement transmission plate are connected through a sensor rotary connecting hinge to form a mortise and tenon combination;
the number of the Flex bending sensors is four, and the Flex bending sensors are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the positions of the rotary connecting hinges of the four sensors.
3. The tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system of claim 2, wherein the first displacement transfer plate, the second displacement transfer plate, the third displacement transfer plate and the fourth displacement transfer plate are used for measuring horizontal opening and closing and vertical dislocation of the tunnel segments; and the fifth displacement transmission plate and the sixth displacement transmission plate are used for measuring the horizontal stagger of the tunnel segment.
4. The tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system of claim 1, wherein each displacement transfer plate and sensor rotational connection hinge are fabricated by additive manufacturing techniques.
5. The tunnel segment slab staggering monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein after one end of the Flex bending sensor is arranged in the empty groove of the displacement transmission plate, the other end of the Flex bending sensor penetrates through the sensor rotary connecting hinge and is inserted into the empty groove of the adjacent displacement transmission plate in the same direction, and the bending point of the Flex bending sensor is controlled at the sensor rotary connecting hinge; the displacement transmission plates in both directions are connected in the above-described manner.
6. The tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system of claim 5, wherein the Flex bend sensor is a rectangular strip structure.
7. The tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system of claim 6, wherein the empty slot in the displacement transfer plate for accommodating the Flex bend sensor is a rectangular slot.
8. The tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition and transmission device is connected with the data acquisition and analysis terminal in a Bluetooth wireless communication manner.
9. A method for monitoring dislocation of a tunnel segment, which is characterized in that a tunnel segment dislocation monitoring system based on any one of claims 1-8 is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the position of a head end displacement transfer plate at a fixed point of a tunnel segment, placing a Flex bending sensor into a hollow groove after the head end displacement transfer plate is fixed at the fixed point of the tunnel segment, connecting the two displacement transfer plates through a sensor rotary connecting hinge, then placing the Flex bending sensor into the hollow groove of the other displacement transfer plate, fixedly connecting the Flex bending sensor with the sensor rotary connecting hinge, and analogizing in sequence, and finally determining the position of a tail end displacement transfer plate at the fixed point of the other end of the tunnel segment, and fixing the tail end displacement transfer plate with the fixed point of the tunnel segment;
step two: each Flex bending sensor is connected to a data acquisition and transmission device through a sensor signal acquisition cable, and then is in contact with a data acquisition and analysis terminal in a wireless communication mode to enter a normal working state;
step three: when the duct piece is opened and closed horizontally, staggered vertically and staggered horizontally, the Flex bending sensors in the displacement transmission plates in all directions are bent, and the angle between the two displacement transmission plates is changed, so that the resistance of the Flex bending sensors is changed correspondingly; the data acquisition and analysis terminal acquires the data of each Flex bending sensor through the data acquisition and transmission device, and the three-dimensional variable quantity of the staggered platform of the tunnel segment is obtained through conversion and monitoring according to the change of the data of each Flex bending sensor.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising, before the first step: and printing the displacement transfer plate and the sensor rotary connecting hinge by adopting an additive manufacturing technology.
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