CN103542791A - Flange multi-parameter integrated measuring method and device - Google Patents
Flange multi-parameter integrated measuring method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103542791A CN103542791A CN201310438896.7A CN201310438896A CN103542791A CN 103542791 A CN103542791 A CN 103542791A CN 201310438896 A CN201310438896 A CN 201310438896A CN 103542791 A CN103542791 A CN 103542791A
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Abstract
The invention provides a flange multi-parameter integrated measuring device comprising an upper ruler, a lower ruler, a rotary device, a sliding device and a slider. Two sides of the upper ruler and the lower ruler are provided with scale values, the middle of the lower ruler is provided with an angle-measuring indexing plate, and the middle of the upper ruler is provided with a portion indexing plate corresponding to the angle-measuring indexing plate; the upper ruler and the lower ruler are arranged in a crossed manner, and the rotary device is arranged at the center of the cross point of the upper ruler and the lower ruler and is connected to the upper ruler and the lower ruler; the sliding device is flexibly connected to the ruler range of the upper ruler and the lower ruler whose two sides are provided with the scale values and is provided with vernier scales; the slider is connected with the sliding device and provided with scale values. The invention further provides a corresponding measuring method. The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience for usage, high measuring efficiency and high measuring accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flange measuring multiple parameters technology, particularly, relate to a kind of flange multiparameter integral measuring method and measurement mechanism thereof.
Background technology
Flange typically refers to right cylinder and the interconnective part of right cylinder, can be used as the releasable connection of combined sealing structure, conventionally on flange, has hole for the connection of two flanges, and flange ring is widely used in various manufacturing a product, such as automobile, aerospace field.In good sealing property, high-precision part connect, had relatively high expectations in its profile, aperture, position, hole, there is larger distortion in larger-size flange particularly in process, therefore, after processing and manufacturing completes, need to detect the positional precision of flange profile and connecting hole.
At present, the measurement of flange connecting hole diameter generally adopts vernier caliper directly to measure; The measurement of the distance of flange connecting hole and deflection angle (being the circularity of pitch circle and the angle position in hole) generally adopts three coordinate measuring machine or the larger vernier caliper fitting pin of range to measure rear conversion and completes; The measurement of connecting hole pitch diameter and circularity generally by being used pin, having calculated with the most distant point that three-dimensional or vernier caliper etc. is found out two pins row distance of going forward side by side in connecting hole; The measurement of inside and outside circle diameter and circularity completes by vernier caliper, clock gauge etc.Above measuring method all needs to have coordinated by multiple instrument or measurer, uses inconvenience, introduces cumulative errors large simultaneously, affects measuring accuracy.Therefore, propose to be badly in need of providing a kind of efficient, accurate measurement mechanism and measuring method to meet high-acruracy survey requirement.
Summary of the invention
For defect of the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of flange multiparameter integral measuring method and measurement mechanism thereof.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of flange multiparameter parameter measuring device is provided, comprise: upper blade, lower blade, wheelwork, carriage and slide block, upper blade and lower blade both sides are provided with scale value, and in the middle of lower blade, be provided with measurement of angle index plate, in the middle of upper blade, be provided with local index plate, local index plate is corresponding with measurement of angle index plate; Upper blade and lower blade are mutually arranged in a crossed manner, and wheelwork is connected with lower blade with upper blade respectively in the center position of upper blade and lower blade point of crossing; Carriage is flexibly connected respectively supreme blade and lower blade both sides, and to be provided with the blade of scale value interval, is provided with vernier graduation on carriage; Slide block is connected with carriage, is provided with scale value on slide block.
Preferably, the null position of the vernier graduation on carriage is corresponding with the central axis position of slide block.
Preferably, upper blade and lower blade both sides are provided with on the blade interval of scale value and are provided with and coordinate slip draw-in groove, and carriage is flexibly connected with cooperation slip draw-in groove.
Preferably, also comprise scotch, scotch is separately positioned on the two ends in the blade interval that is provided with scale value on blade and lower blade.
Preferably, slide block comprises fixture block and the connection bump that is provided with scale value, and connection bump is arranged on fixture block top and is connected with fixture block.
Preferably, connection bump is connected to carriage by pin screw.
Preferably, fixture block is cylindrical or taper.
Preferably, the scale value on cylindrical fixture block is in order to represent height, and the scale value on taper fixture block is in order to represent fixture block diameter.
Preferably, fixture block is provided with reinforcement, and fixture block hardness is RC50.
According to another aspect of the present invention, also provide a kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned flange multiparameter parameter measuring device to measure flange multiparameter, comprise the following steps:
The first step: the slide block of taper fixture block is connected with carriage, respectively taper fixture block is inserted in the connecting hole of band measurement, measure connecting hole aperture and pitch diameter, wherein, the scale value that taper fixture block is corresponding with connecting hole intersection is connecting hole aperture value, and pitch diameter is that the reading of carriage calculates according to following formula according to the left and right vernier on the blade reading:
(1), when the pore size of the connecting hole distributing on pitch circle is identical, joint diameter of a circle is the reading sum of two ends vernier, that is: φ
1=l
1+ l
2,
Wherein, l
1for vernier left side reading, l
2for vernier right side reading, φ
1for pitch diameter;
(2), if when the pore size of the connecting hole distributing on pitch circle is not identical, joint diameter of a circle is:
L wherein
1for vernier left side reading, l
2for vernier right side reading, h is the difference in height of two slide blocks, φ
1for pitch diameter;
Second step: the slide block of cylindrical fixture block is connected with carriage, circular diameter and outside diameter in measuring respectively, wherein,
During inner circle diameter measurement, fixture block is read to vernier reading in interior inner round side and flange clamping, two ends, left and right vernier graduation value and add that the diameter of cylinder slide block is interior circular diameter, that is:
φ
3=l
1+l
2+d，
Wherein: l
1for vernier left side reading, l
2for vernier right side reading, d is cylinder fixture block diameter, φ
3for interior circular diameter;
When outside diameter is measured, fixture block is read to vernier reading in cylindrical outside with flange clamping, two ends, left and right vernier graduation value is outside diameter with the diameter that deducts cylinder slide block, that is:
φ
2=l
1+l
2-d，
In formula: l
1for vernier left side reading, l
2for vernier right side reading, d is the diameter of cylinder slide block, φ
2for outside diameter;
The 3rd step: repeatedly repeat second step, obtain circular diameter and outside diameter value in many groups, will organize inner circle diameter value and outside diameter value more and carry out respectively maximum difference calculating, obtaining maximum difference is circularity;
The 4th step: upper and lower blade is used in combination, is used conical sliding block in same one end of two blades, coordinate completely with connecting hole at conical sliding block after, the corresponding angle of reading angular index plate and local calibration, is two angle values between connecting hole.
The present invention can realize the precision measurement of connecting hole aperture, position, hole (being pitch of holes and deflection angle), pitch circle and inside and outside diameter of a circle and circularity to cylindric flange arrangement simultaneously.When pitch of holes and diameter measurement, upper blade or lower blade can be measured by complete independently, the two ends of blade are respectively with carriage and vernier graduation, carriage can pass through pin bolt structure connection sliding block, and by sliding slider to appropriate location the data acquisition of the cooperation position of hole (with) completing place and distance, the measurement of diameter or circularity and the reading of vernier caliper are similar; When hole deflection angle is measured, need to be by upper and lower blade combination, the centre of lower blade is with measurement of angle index plate, by rotating upper and lower blade until slide block coordinates the data that read index plate when suitable with connecting hole.The large I of the length of blade and slide block is chosen according to the size of different flanges and cylindrical, connecting hole, the concrete shape of slide block is determined by measuring object, if measure connecting hole aperture and pitch diameter, can choose the conical sliding block with diameter scale, if measurement outside diameter and interior circular diameter can be chosen the cylindricity slide block with altitude scale.
The invention provides a kind of measuring method for connecting hole aperture, position, hole, pitch circle and inside and outside circle diameter and circularity on flange face, for the manufacture of the detection of Product Precision, particularly high for accuracy requirement, size is larger, general measurer cannot directly be measured the inside and outside circle of structural member and the situation of interior hole shape and positional precision.Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: the present invention uses carriage simultaneously as vernier, by the carriage at the upper and lower blade two ends of sliding, locate the position of cylindrical, pitch circle and connecting hole, according to the scale on vernier, read concrete data.Measurement for the connecting hole on flange arrangement, inside and outside circle and joint diameter of a circle and circularity, can fast, accurately obtain a plurality of accuracy datas.And the fixture block of slide block has plurality of specifications, if the diameter in hole is different, can select difformity and big or small fixture block and look into and get the corresponding numerical value of corresponding trigonometric function according to position conversion relation, the measurement of angle realizes by wheelwork and index plate, and measuring accuracy can determine by the precision of vernier and index plate simultaneously.Measurement mechanism of the present invention can be realized the measurement of any cylindrical, pitch diameter, aperture, position, hole and circularity, make to integrate multiple measurement data more convenient feasible, and precision is higher, there is beneficial effect simple in structure, easy to use, that measurement efficiency is high, measuring accuracy is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By reading the detailed description of non-limiting example being done with reference to the following drawings, it is more obvious that other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of flange multiparameter integral measuring method of the present invention and measurement mechanism thereof;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of slide block;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of carriage;
Fig. 4 is the structure side view of lower blade;
Fig. 5 is the structure front elevation of lower blade;
Fig. 6 is the structure side view of upper blade;
Fig. 7 is the structure front elevation of upper blade;
Fig. 8 is the A-A cut-open view in figure six;
Fig. 9 is the slide block structure schematic diagram of cylindrical fixture block;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the slide block of taper fixture block;
Figure 11 is the using method schematic diagram of flange multiparameter parameter measuring device of the present invention;
Figure 12 is flange parameter schematic diagram to be measured;
The measuring principle figure of Figure 13 for using the present invention to carry out pitch diameter measurement.
In figure: 1 is scotch; 2 is lower blade; 3 is slip draw-in groove; 4 is lower blade wheelwork mounting hole; 5 is scale label; 6 is measurement of angle index plate; 7 is slide block; 8 is upper blade; 9 is upper blade wheelwork mounting hole; 10 is cylindrical fixture block; 11 is connection bump; 12 is fixture block scale; 13 is taper fixture block; 14 is wheelwork; 15 is carriage, and 16 is upper blade angle scale scale, and 17 is local index plate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will contribute to those skilled in the art further to understand the present invention, but not limit in any form the present invention.It should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement.These all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Please refer to Fig. 1 to Figure 13, a kind of flange multiparameter parameter measuring device, comprise: upper blade, lower blade, wheelwork, carriage and slide block, upper blade and lower blade both sides are provided with scale value, and in the middle of lower blade, be provided with measurement of angle index plate, in the middle of upper blade, be provided with local index plate, local index plate is corresponding with measurement of angle index plate; Upper blade and lower blade are mutually arranged in a crossed manner, and wheelwork is connected with lower blade with upper blade respectively in the center position of upper blade and lower blade point of crossing; Carriage is flexibly connected respectively supreme blade and lower blade both sides, and to be provided with the blade of scale value interval, is provided with vernier graduation on carriage; Slide block is connected with carriage, is provided with scale value on slide block.
Further, the null position of the vernier graduation on carriage is corresponding with the central axis position of slide block.
Further, as shown in Figure 5, upper blade and lower blade both sides are provided with on the blade interval of scale value and are provided with and coordinate slip draw-in groove, and carriage is flexibly connected with cooperation slip draw-in groove.In addition, two different dip sticks can design corresponding grooved with it and avoid both stuck and collisions in rotation process, make, in the realization of measurement of angle, to have certain measurement range.
Further, also comprise scotch, scotch is separately positioned on the two ends in the blade interval that is provided with scale value on blade and lower blade, for the position of limit slippage device.
Further, slide block comprises fixture block and the connection bump that is provided with scale value, and connection bump is arranged on fixture block top and is connected with fixture block.
Further, connection bump is connected to carriage by pin screw.
Further, fixture block is cylindrical or taper, and the scale value on cylindrical fixture block is in order to represent height, for aligning of two ends, left and right height.Scale value on taper fixture block is in order to represent fixture block diameter.
Fixture block of the present invention can have plurality of specifications, mainly coordinates with cylindrical, pitch circle etc., therefore higher to its accuracy requirement, and material need be wear-resistant, wants the position degree of strict control surface roughness, smooth finish, groove etc. in manufacture process.If the size of object under test is larger, require measurement mechanism,, some time reach 1000～2000mm, now except to (carrying out modifier treatment its material requirements height, making the institutional framework of material become tempered sorbite organizes to improve intensity, plasticity or carries out nitrogen treatment, usually via nitride processing rear surface hardness reaches RC50, has very strong wearing quality, can improve its fatigue strength etc.), need to design corresponding reinforcing rib structure simultaneously, prevent the distortion in use procedure.Connection bump is connected by pin bolt structure with carriage, completes and the coordinating of hole, and both quality of fits directly affect final measuring accuracy, therefore connection bump and carriage is had to very high right alignment requirement ,≤0.01mm or less.Meanwhile, in order to prevent the collision of upper and lower blade when rotating in the process of taking measurement of an angle, also can design corresponding grooved, therefore in measuring process, have certain measurement range, its value is determined by the size of measurement mechanism and the profile of blade.
As shown in figure 12, the diameter that the flange distance parameter that need to measure comprises connecting hole, distance---a of connecting hole center of circle A, B, i.e. pitch diameter---φ
1; Interior circular diameter---φ
3, outside diameter φ
2, connecting hole diameter---φ
4, connecting hole quantity is n etc.The present invention makes and is with graduated slide block (being connected to blade by pin bolt structure), put into connecting hole, the center of the rule sensing hole by blade two ends is the distance of OA, OB, thereby circularity and the diameter of judgement pitch circle, measurement for inside and outside circle diameter and circularity adopts identical method to carry out, but need to change difform slide block.Therefore can obtain many group accuracy datas by measurement once.Angle parameter, as the angle of adjacent connecting hole---θ, needs one end while connection sliding block of two blades, by the data that directly read on index plate, judges whether angle meets accuracy requirement.
The present invention is directed to cylindric flange ring inside and outside circle, connecting hole and pitch circle, its diameter, circularity and hole site measurement of angle is compound.The measurement of diameter and circularity, can directly read the scale at measurer two ends, and sum is diameter, and the maximum difference of organizing diameter data is circularity more.If the aperture of connecting hole is different, reading on blade after reading, by looking into, get corresponding table of trigonometric function and judge whether the position of connecting hole meets accuracy requirement.Its implementation procedure is mainly after utilizing the standard slide block customizing to be connected by pin bolt structure with draw-in groove, coordinating of slide block and connecting hole or coordinating of slide block and flange excircle, by distance and angular readings and provide accuracy comparison with design and judge whether to meet the requirements.In actual use, can be according to the different size of flange ring and the accuracy requirement design size of measurement mechanism or the shape of slide block, size and precision.
Flange multiparameter parameter measuring device based on above-mentioned, the present invention also provides a kind of flange Multi-parameter Measurement Method, comprises the following steps:
The first step: the slide block of taper fixture block is connected with carriage, respectively taper fixture block is inserted in the connecting hole of band measurement, measure connecting hole aperture and pitch diameter, wherein, the scale value that taper fixture block is corresponding with connecting hole intersection is connecting hole aperture value, and pitch diameter is that the reading of carriage calculates according to following formula according to the left and right vernier on the blade reading:
(1), when the pore size of the connecting hole distributing on pitch circle is identical, joint diameter of a circle is the reading sum of two ends vernier, that is: φ
1=l
1+ l
2,
Wherein, l
1for vernier left side reading, l
2for vernier right side reading, φ
1for pitch diameter;
(2), if when the pore size of the connecting hole distributing on pitch circle is not identical, joint diameter of a circle is:
L wherein
1for vernier left side reading, l
2for vernier right side reading, h is the difference in height of two slide blocks, φ
1for pitch diameter.
Second step: the slide block of cylindrical fixture block is connected with carriage, circular diameter and outside diameter in measuring respectively, wherein,
During inner circle diameter measurement, fixture block is read to vernier reading in interior inner round side and flange clamping, two ends, left and right vernier graduation value and add that the diameter of cylinder slide block is interior circular diameter, that is:
φ
3=l
1+l
2+d，
Wherein: l
1for vernier left side reading, l
2for vernier right side reading, d is cylinder fixture block diameter, φ
3for interior circular diameter;
When outside diameter is measured, fixture block is read to vernier reading in cylindrical outside with flange clamping, two ends, left and right vernier graduation value is interior circular diameter with the diameter that deducts cylinder slide block, that is:
φ
2=l
1+l
2-d，
In formula: l
1for vernier left side reading, l
2for vernier right side reading, d is the diameter of cylinder slide block, φ
2for outside diameter.
The 3rd step: repeatedly repeat second step, obtain circular diameter and outside diameter value in many groups, to organize inner circle diameter value and outside diameter value more and carry out respectively maximum difference calculating, obtaining maximum difference is circularity, generally goes more than eight groups diameter values to carry out the calculating of maximum difference.
The 4th step: upper and lower blade is used in combination, is used conical sliding block in same one end of two blades, coordinate completely with connecting hole at conical sliding block after, the corresponding angle of reading angular index plate and local calibration, is two angle values between connecting hole.
Measurement mechanism of the present invention and measurement are provided and are realized the measurement to connecting hole aperture, pitch-row and deflection angle, pitch diameter and the circularity of cylindric flange arrangement, inside and outside circle diameter and circularity simultaneously, particularly for larger-size plain flange φ 1000-φ 2000mm, its above-mentioned parameter cannot obtain by one-shot measurement conventionally, and the difficult parameters such as pitch diameter, spacing and deflection angle is with Measurement accuracy.Therefore, the present invention's design, for integral measuring method and the special measuring tool of cylindric flange, can realize the direct measurement of above-mentioned parameter.This integral measuring method can be measured important shape and the positional precision of structural member simultaneously.Special measurement device comprises upper and lower two blades, wherein going up blade two ends has vernier graduation, and middle with measurement of angle index plate, lower blade is except there is vernier graduation at two ends, middle with the local calibration coordinating with above-mentioned measurement of angle index plate, complete measurement of angle.Two blades are connected by wheelwork, spatially have fixing measurement of angle scope; The vernier part of two blades all has the carriage that coordinates slip draw-in groove connecting band vernier graduation, and carriage is connected with slide block by pin bolt structure, realizes the aligning of calibration during measurement by slide block and coordinating of connecting hole or internal-and external diameter.The measurement of diameter and circularity can once be obtained by the scale reading on the vernier of lower blade two ends; The measurement of angle needs two blades combine and coordinate slide block to complete.The present invention possesses diameter, circularity and angle measuring function according to the measuring method and the measurement mechanism that propose simultaneously, not only simple in structure, easy to use, the cumulative errors in measuring process of the expensive of traditional three-dimensional coordinates measurement and third party's engagement tool have been saved, also improved measurement range, and may extend in other similar measurement environment for the measuring method of cylindric flange arrangement position and yardstick.
Above specific embodiments of the invention are described.It will be appreciated that, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned particular implementation, and those skilled in the art can make various distortion or modification within the scope of the claims, and this does not affect flesh and blood of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a flange multiparameter parameter measuring device, it is characterized in that, comprise: upper blade, lower blade, wheelwork, carriage and slide block, described upper blade and lower blade both sides are provided with scale value, and be provided with measurement of angle index plate in the middle of described lower blade, in the middle of described upper blade, be provided with local index plate, described local index plate is corresponding with described measurement of angle index plate; Described upper blade and lower blade are mutually arranged in a crossed manner, and described wheelwork is connected with lower blade with described upper blade respectively in the center position of described upper blade and lower blade point of crossing; Described carriage is articulated to respectively described upper blade and lower blade both sides, and to be provided with the blade of scale value interval, on described carriage, is provided with vernier graduation; Described slide block is connected with described carriage, on described slide block, is provided with scale value.
2. flange multiparameter parameter measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the null position of the vernier graduation on described carriage is corresponding with the central axis position of described slide block.
3. flange multiparameter parameter measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described upper blade and lower blade both sides are provided with on the blade interval of scale value and are provided with and coordinate slip draw-in groove, and described carriage is flexibly connected with described cooperation slip draw-in groove.
4. flange multiparameter parameter measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises scotch, and described scotch is separately positioned on the two ends in the blade interval that is provided with scale value on described upper blade and lower blade.
5. flange multiparameter parameter measuring device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described slide block comprises fixture block and the connection bump that is provided with scale value, and described connection bump is arranged on described fixture block top and is connected with described fixture block.
6. flange multiparameter parameter measuring device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described connection bump is connected to described carriage by pin screw.
7. flange multiparameter parameter measuring device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described fixture block is cylindrical or taper.
8. flange multiparameter parameter measuring device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the scale value on described cylindrical fixture block is in order to represent height, and the scale value on described taper fixture block is in order to represent fixture block diameter.
9. flange multiparameter parameter measuring device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described fixture block is provided with reinforcement, and described fixture block hardness is RC50.
10. a method of utilizing the measurement of the flange multiparameter parameter measuring device described in any one flange multiparameter in claim 1-9, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
The first step: the slide block of taper fixture block is connected with carriage, respectively taper fixture block is inserted in the connecting hole of band measurement, measure connecting hole aperture and pitch diameter, wherein, the scale value that taper fixture block is corresponding with connecting hole intersection is connecting hole aperture value, and pitch diameter is that the reading of carriage calculates according to following formula according to the left and right vernier on the blade reading:
(1), when the pore size of the connecting hole distributing on pitch circle is identical, joint diameter of a circle is the reading sum of two ends vernier, that is: φ
1=l
1+ l
2,
Wherein, l
1for vernier left side reading, l
2for vernier right side reading, φ
1for pitch diameter;
(2), if when the pore size of the connecting hole distributing on pitch circle is not identical, joint diameter of a circle is:
L wherein
1for vernier left side reading, l
2for vernier right side reading, h is the difference in height of two slide blocks, φ
1for pitch diameter;
Second step: the slide block of cylindrical fixture block is connected with carriage, circular diameter and outside diameter in measuring respectively, wherein,
During inner circle diameter measurement, fixture block is read to vernier reading in interior inner round side and flange clamping, two ends, left and right vernier graduation value and add that the diameter of cylinder slide block is interior circular diameter, that is:
φ
3=l
1+l
2+d，
Wherein: l
1for vernier left side reading, l
2for vernier right side reading, d is cylinder fixture block diameter, φ
3for interior circular diameter;
When outside diameter is measured, fixture block is read to vernier reading in cylindrical outside with flange clamping, two ends, left and right vernier graduation value is outside diameter with the diameter that deducts cylinder slide block, that is:
φ
2=l
1+l
2-d，
In formula: l
1for vernier left side reading, l
2for vernier right side reading, d is the diameter of cylinder slide block, φ
2for outside diameter;
The 3rd step: repeatedly repeat second step, obtain circular diameter and outside diameter value in many groups, will organize inner circle diameter value and outside diameter value more and carry out respectively maximum difference calculating, obtaining maximum difference is circularity;
The 4th step: upper and lower blade is used in combination, is used conical sliding block in same one end of two blades, coordinate completely with connecting hole at conical sliding block after, the corresponding angle of reading angular index plate and local calibration, is two angle values between connecting hole.
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