CN112880748A - Water environment monitoring device based on Internet of things - Google Patents
Water environment monitoring device based on Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water environment monitoring device based on the Internet of things, which comprises an amplitude monitoring circuit, a frequency conversion circuit, a frequency monitoring circuit and a control early warning circuit, wherein the amplitude of a water environment monitoring signal is detected by using the charging voltage of a capacitor C3, the change value of the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal is monitored by using an operational amplifier AR4-AR5, the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal is converted into a corresponding direct current voltage value by using a frequency sensor J1, the output of the frequency sensor J1 is compared with a standard voltage lower limit 1, a standard voltage upper limit 1, a standard voltage lower limit 2 and a standard voltage upper limit 2 in sequence by using the operational amplifier AR7-AR10, the change value of the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal is monitored, and a red light emitting diode D3 is used for giving a red warning when the intensity of the interference on the water environment monitoring signal is enough to change the amplitude and frequency, and reminding the water environment monitoring center to verify the accuracy of the water environment monitoring signal, and preventing a plurality of water sample index data from being analyzed to obtain wrong analysis results.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring, in particular to a water environment monitoring device based on the Internet of things.
Background
The water environment monitoring is one of the important bases for understanding and mastering the quality of the water environment of a drainage basin and the discharge of a water pollution source, and the result is that the water pollution control and the environment management decision are realized, the water environment monitoring system based on the Internet of things is a technology integrating sensors, communication, computer application, a geographic information system and the like, the automatic water environment monitoring generally adopts the network technology to monitor water resource monitoring sites covering the whole country, different drainage basin regions are taken as monitoring units, the sensors and other detection equipment are regularly and quantitatively utilized to detect indexes such as flow, flow speed, water level, turbidity, pH value, conductivity, heavy metals, microorganisms and the like in a water sample of the drainage basin, the index data of the water sample are modulated into water environment monitoring signals and transmitted to a water environment monitoring signal receiver through wireless communication, the water environment monitoring signal receiver transmits the received water environment monitoring signals to a water environment monitoring signal demodulator for demodulation, reducing the index data of the water sample and transmitting the data to a water environment monitoring center so as to analyze the index data of a plurality of water samples;
however, in thunderstorm and lightning weather, because the intensity of lightning is very high, even if the lightning is far away from a lightning area, the interference field intensity of the lightning is considerable, the interference generated by the remote lightning is fluctuant, the adjacent lightning interference is pulse-shaped, the fluctuation-shaped interference can cause the waveform of the water environment monitoring signal to generate violent shaking and generate numerous clutters with strong energy, the pulse-shaped interference can cause the waveform of the water environment monitoring signal to generate obvious pulse burrs, such as abnormal high-level signals and abnormal low-level signals, and can also cause the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal to be mutated, and the strong electromagnetic interference can enable the water environment monitoring signal to change the amplitude and frequency characteristics in the wireless transmission process, so that the water environment monitoring signal demodulator can not demodulate and can not restore the original water sample index data;
when equipment with high transmitting power and large electromagnetic energy, such as a large nuclear power station, a broadcast, a navigation and a radar, exists in the surrounding environment, the transmitting power of a broadcast television signal reaches dozens of kilowatts, the transmitting power of a remote pulse radar can reach more than dozens of megawatts, and the transmitting can also generate resonance transmitting and parasitic transmitting, so that the equipment occupies a very wide frequency band or a very wide discrete frequency spectrum, the electromagnetic interference is easy to generate intermodulation interference with a water environment monitoring signal, and the intermodulation interference is enough to change the frequency of part of the water environment monitoring signal, so that a water environment monitoring signal demodulator can not accurately and completely restore water sample index data;
and the water sample index data restored by the water environment monitoring signal demodulator makes errors, and the water environment monitoring center obtains wrong analysis results when analyzing the multiple water sample index data, so that wrong water environment management decisions are made.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a water environment monitoring device based on the internet of things, which can issue a warning when the intensity of interference on a water environment monitoring signal is enough to change the amplitude and frequency characteristics of the water environment monitoring signal, so as to remind a water environment monitoring center to verify the accuracy of the water environment monitoring signal, and prevent a plurality of water sample index data from being analyzed to obtain an incorrect analysis result.
The technical scheme includes that the system comprises a detection device, a water environment monitoring signal modulation transmitter, a water environment monitoring signal receiver, a monitoring and early warning module and a water environment monitoring center, wherein the detection device detects water quality indexes of a watershed water sample in a fixed-time and quantitative mode to obtain water sample index data, the water environment monitoring signal modulation transmitter performs 2FSK modulation on the water sample index data to obtain a water environment monitoring signal and transmits the water environment monitoring signal to the water environment monitoring signal receiver, the monitoring and early warning module samples the water environment monitoring signal received by the water environment monitoring signal receiver to perform amplitude monitoring and frequency monitoring, and if the amplitude and the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal are seriously distorted, the monitoring and early warning module sends out red light warning to remind the water environment monitoring center to verify the accuracy of the water environment monitoring signal and comprises an amplitude monitoring circuit, a frequency, The frequency monitoring circuit and the control early warning circuit;
the amplitude monitoring circuit samples a water environment monitoring signal output by the water environment monitoring signal receiver, the operational amplifier AR2 inverts the negative half cycle of the water environment monitoring signal, the capacitor C3 is charged by the water environment monitoring signal, the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal is detected through the charging voltage of the capacitor C3, the operational amplifier AR4 is used for carrying out subtraction proportion operation on the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal and the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal, if the obtained amplitude abnormal difference value is larger than the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal, the operational amplifier AR5 outputs a high level, the frequency conversion circuit samples the water environment monitoring signal output by the water environment monitoring signal receiver, the frequency sensor J1 with the model of WBF122U01 is selected to convert the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal into a corresponding direct current voltage value in real time, and when the charging voltage on the capacitor C6 reaches the control electrode conduction voltage of the thyristor Q10, the frequency monitoring circuit uses the operational amplifier AR9-AR10 to convert the direct current voltage value corresponding to the water environment When the operational amplifier AR9 outputs a low level compared with the lower limit of the standard voltage value 1 and the upper limit of the standard voltage value 1, when the triode Q9 is conducted, the operational amplifier AR9 outputs high level, the operational amplifiers AR7-AR8 are used to compare the direct current voltage value corresponding to the water environment monitoring signal with the lower limit of the standard voltage value 2 and the upper limit of the standard voltage value 2, when the operational amplifier AR7 outputs low level, the triode Q6 is conducted, when the operational amplifier AR7 outputs high level, the triode Q5 is conducted, when the operational amplifier AR8 outputs high level, the triode Q7 is conducted, the control early warning circuit compares the voltage on the capacitor C5 with the voltage value obtained by dividing the voltage by the resistors R16-R17 by using the operational amplifier AR6, when the output of the operational amplifier AR6 reaches the control electrode breakover voltage of the controllable silicon Q4, the triode Q3 is conducted, if the operational amplifier AR5 outputs a high level at this time, the triode Q2 is also conducted, and the red light emitting diode D3 gives a red light warning;
the control early warning circuit comprises a triode Q5, the base of the triode Q5 is connected with the non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR8 and the output end of an operational amplifier AR7 in the triode Q6 and the frequency monitoring circuit, the collector of a triode Q5 is connected with a power supply +6V, the emitter of a triode Q5 is connected with a contact 3 of a relay K2, the emitter of a triode Q6 is connected with the power supply +6V, the collector of the triode Q6 is connected with one end of a resistor R18, the other end of a resistor R18 is connected with a contact 1 of a relay K2, one end of a capacitor C5 and the non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR6, a contact 4 of a relay K2 is grounded, one end of a resistor R19 and the other end of a capacitor C5, a contact 2 of a relay K2 is connected with the other end of a resistor R2, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR2 is connected with one end of the resistor R2, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the power supply +6V, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with the control electrode of a thyristor Q4 and the emitter of a triode Q7 and the collector of a triode Q9 in the frequency monitoring circuit, the anode of the thyristor Q4 is connected with the power supply +3.3V, the cathode of the thyristor Q4 is connected with one end of a resistor R13 and one end of a capacitor C4, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected with the base of a triode Q3, the other end of the capacitor C4 is grounded and the emitter of a triode Q3, the collector of a triode Q3 is connected with the emitter of a triode Q2, the collector of a triode Q2 is connected with the cathode of a red light emitting diode D3, the anode of a red light emitting diode D3 is connected with one end of a resistor R14, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected with the power supply +6V, the base of a triode Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R12, the other end of a resistor R12 is connected with the cathode of a thyristor Q12, the anode of a thyristor Q.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. carrying out subtraction proportion operation on the amplitudes of the water environment monitoring signals and the water environment monitoring signals, and if the obtained amplitude abnormal difference value is larger than the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signals, indicating that the interference intensity of the water environment monitoring signals in the 2FSK wireless carrier communication process is enough to change the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signals;
if the direct-current voltage value output by the frequency sensor J1 is smaller than the lower limit 1 of the standard voltage value and the upper limit 1 of the standard voltage value, it is indicated that the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal is changed due to the interference of the water environment monitoring signal in the 2FSK wireless carrier communication process, and the direct-current voltage value corresponding to the frequency is reduced; if the direct-current voltage value output by the frequency sensor J1 is greater than the lower limit 2 of the standard voltage value and the upper limit 2 of the standard voltage value, it is indicated that the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal is changed due to the interference of the water environment monitoring signal in the 2FSK wireless carrier communication process, and the direct-current voltage value corresponding to the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal is increased; if the direct-current voltage value output by the frequency sensor J1 is greater than the lower limit 1 of the standard voltage value and the upper limit 1 of the standard voltage value and is less than the lower limit 2 of the standard voltage value and the upper limit 2 of the standard voltage value, the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal is converted between two carriers used for 2FSK modulation, but if the operational amplifier AR6 outputs high level, the conversion duration of the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal between the two carriers used for 2FSK modulation exceeds the reaction duration of the frequency sensor J1, the water environment monitoring signal is interfered in the 2FSK wireless carrier communication process, and the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal is changed;
if only one of three conditions that the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal is changed due to interference of the water environment monitoring signal in the 2FSK wireless carrier communication process occurs, and the condition that the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal is changed due to interference of the water environment monitoring signal in the 2FSK wireless carrier communication process occurs simultaneously, it is indicated that the amplitude and frequency characteristics of the water environment monitoring signal are changed in the wireless transmission process due to strong electromagnetic interference, a water environment monitoring signal demodulator can not accurately and completely restore water sample index data, at the moment, a red light emitting diode D3 is used for emitting a red light alarm to remind a water environment monitoring center to verify the accuracy of the water environment monitoring signal, so that an incorrect analysis result is prevented from being obtained when multiple water sample index data are analyzed.
2. The lower limit 1 of the standard voltage value, the upper limit 1 of the standard voltage value, the lower limit 2 of the standard voltage value and the upper limit 2 of the standard voltage value are set to prevent the early warning circuit from giving a red light warning when the fluctuation range of the water environment monitoring signal is small and the amplitude and frequency characteristics of the water environment monitoring signal are not influenced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a water environment monitoring device based on the internet of things.
Detailed Description
The foregoing and other technical and scientific aspects, features and utilities of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings of fig. 1. The structural contents mentioned in the following embodiments are all referred to the attached drawings of the specification.
A water environment monitoring device based on the Internet of things comprises detection equipment, a water environment monitoring signal modulation transmitter, a water environment monitoring signal receiver, a monitoring and early warning module and a water environment monitoring center, wherein the monitoring and early warning module comprises an amplitude monitoring circuit, a frequency conversion circuit, a frequency monitoring circuit and a control and early warning circuit; the detection equipment comprises multiple types such as a flow velocity sensor, a water level sensor and a PH value sensor, and is used for regularly and quantitatively detecting corresponding water quality indexes such as flow velocity, water level and PH value in a watershed water sample to obtain multiple water sample index data, each water sample index data is subjected to 2FSK modulation by adopting an independent water environment monitoring signal modulation transmitter to obtain a water environment monitoring signal corresponding to the water sample index data and is transmitted to a water environment monitoring signal receiver, a monitoring and early warning module is used for sampling the water environment monitoring signal received by the water environment monitoring signal receiver to perform amplitude monitoring and frequency monitoring, and if the amplitude and the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal are seriously distorted, a red light warning is sent to remind a monitoring center to verify the accuracy of the water environment monitoring signal corresponding to the water sample index data.
In order to monitor whether the interference strength of the water environment monitoring signal in the 2FSK wireless carrier communication process is enough to change the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal, an amplitude monitoring circuit is adopted to sample the water environment monitoring signal output by the water environment monitoring signal receiver, an operational amplifier AR1 is used to compare the water environment monitoring signal with the ground, when the water environment monitoring signal is in a positive half cycle, the operational amplifier AR1 outputs a negative level, a relay K1 is not conducted, the positive half cycle of the water environment monitoring signal is conducted through a contact 3 of the relay K1 to be transmitted in two paths, one path is transmitted to one end of a resistor R11, the other path is transmitted to a pi-type filter network formed by resistors R5-R6, capacitors C1-C2 and an inductor L2 for filtering, wherein the inductor L2 filters the direct current interference in the water environment monitoring signal, a high-pass filter is formed by the capacitor C1 and the resistor R5 to enable the low-frequency interference signal to be, a capacitor C2 and a resistor R6 form a low-pass filter, a high-frequency interference signal is shunted to the ground, the resistance value of the resistor R6 is small so as to reduce the loss of the water environment monitoring signal, a diode D1 is conducted in the positive half cycle of the water environment monitoring signal filtered by the pi-type filter network, the capacitor C3 is charged until the charging voltage on the capacitor C3 reaches the peak value of the water environment monitoring signal, the diode D1 is cut off, and the capacitor C3 slightly discharges;
when the water environment monitoring signal is a negative half cycle, the operational amplifier AR1 outputs a positive level, the relay K1 is conducted, the negative half cycle of the water environment monitoring signal is transmitted to an inverter circuit consisting of the operational amplifier AR2 and the resistors R2-R4 through the contact 3 and the contact 2 of the relay K1, the proportionality coefficient of the inverter circuit is determined by the ratio of the resistor R3 to the resistor R4, the proportionality coefficient is 1, after the negative half cycle of the water environment monitoring signal is inverted by the inverter circuit, the operational amplifier AR2 outputs the positive half cycle of the water environment monitoring signal to be transmitted in two paths, one path is transmitted to one end of the resistor R11, the other path is transmitted to be filtered by a pi-type filter network consisting of the resistors R5-R6, the capacitors C1-C2 and the inductor L2, when the monitoring signal filtered by the pi-type filter network is larger than the charging voltage on the capacitor C3, the diode D1 is conducted to charge the capacitor C3 to the peak value of, the diode D1 is cut off, so that the voltage on the capacitor C3 continuously reaches the peak value of the water environment monitoring signal, and the capacitor C3 is charged by repeatedly using the water environment monitoring signal, so that the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal is detected; the capacitor C3 is charged twice in one period of the raw water environment monitoring signal, so that the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal detected in real time is more accurate;
filtering the water environment monitoring signal before amplitude detection by using a pi-shaped filter network so as to prevent an interference signal from influencing the amplitude of the detected water environment monitoring signal and further increase the accuracy of the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal; the operational amplifier AR3 performs voltage following function; the inductor L1 plays a role of isolating direct current and direct current, and the resistor R1 plays a role of limiting current;
an operational amplifier AR4 and resistors R8-R11 are used to form a subtraction proportion operation circuit, when the water environment monitoring signal is a positive half cycle, the positive half cycle of the water environment monitoring signal, the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal and the sum of a power supply and 0.7V are subjected to subtraction proportion operation, a proportion coefficient is determined by the ratio of the resistor R8 to the resistor R9, the proportion coefficient is 1, the power supply and 0.7V are used for compensating the tube voltage drop of the diode D1, if the amplitude abnormal difference output by the operational amplifier AR4 is a positive level, the amplitude abnormal difference output by the operational amplifier AR4 is compared with the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal by using the operational amplifier AR5, if the amplitude abnormal difference output by the operational amplifier AR4 is larger than the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal, the positive half cycle of the water environment monitoring signal is proved to have an abnormally high level, namely the water environment monitoring signal is interfered with enough intensity in the 2FSK wireless carrier communication process to change the amplitude of the water environment, the operational amplifier AR5 outputs a high level; when the raw water environment monitoring signal is a negative half cycle, the raw water environment monitoring signal is converted into a positive half cycle of the water environment monitoring signal through the inverter circuit, the positive half cycle of the water environment monitoring signal converted through the inverter circuit, the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal and the sum of the power supply and 0.7V are subjected to subtraction proportion operation, if the amplitude abnormal difference value output by the operational amplifier AR4 is a positive level, the amplitude abnormal difference value output by the operational amplifier AR4 is compared with the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal through the operational amplifier AR5, if the amplitude abnormal difference value output by the operational amplifier AR4 is larger than the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal, the negative half cycle of the raw water environment monitoring signal is proved to have an abnormal low level, namely the water environment monitoring signal is interfered by enough intensity in the 2FSK wireless carrier communication process to change the amplitude of the monitoring signal, and the operational amplifier AR 5.
In order to convert the water environment monitoring signal into a corresponding direct current voltage value in real time, a frequency monitoring circuit is used as a basis, meanwhile, the direct current voltage value output by a frequency sensor J1 when the frequency sensor is just powered on is prevented from causing interference to the frequency monitoring circuit, a frequency conversion circuit is adopted to sample the water environment monitoring signal output by a water environment monitoring signal receiver, a frequency sensor J1 with the model of WBF122U01 is selected to convert the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal into the corresponding direct current voltage value in real time, and a voltage stabilizing diode D4 is used for stabilizing the voltage, an inductor L3 is used for filtering alternating current interference, and a capacitor C7 is used for filtering high-frequency interference;
when the frequency sensor J1 is just powered on, the output of the frequency sensor J1 starts to increase from zero, and simultaneously, the power supply +6V starts to charge the capacitor C6 through the resistor R24, at this time, the relay K3 is not conducted, the direct-current voltage value output by the frequency sensor J1 falls to the ground through the current-limiting resistor R23 by turning on the contact 2 through the contact 1 of the relay K3 until the charging voltage on the capacitor C6 reaches the conducting voltage of the control electrode of the thyristor Q10, the relay K3 is conducted all the time, and the direct-current voltage value output by the frequency sensor J1 is continuously transmitted to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR9 and the collector of the triode Q8 in the frequency monitoring circuit through the contact 1 of the relay K3;
the time when the charging voltage of the capacitor C6 reaches the turn-on voltage of the controlled pole of the controlled silicon Q10
WhereinVQ10The on-state voltage of the gate of the thyristor Q10 is the response time of the frequency sensor J1, i.e. the time when the frequency sensor J1 is just powered on and increases from zero to the first stable voltage value, so as to avoid the dc voltage value output by the frequency sensor J1 during the time from causing erroneous judgment on the frequency monitoring circuit.
In order to monitor whether the interference strength of the water environment monitoring signal in the 2FSK wireless carrier communication process is enough to change the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal, a frequency monitoring circuit is adopted, when a relay K3 is always conducted, a direct current voltage value corresponding to the water environment monitoring signal output by a frequency sensor J1 is continuously transmitted to a non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR9 and a collector electrode of a triode Q8 through a contact 1 and a contact 3 of a relay K3, the output of the frequency sensor J1 is compared with a standard voltage value lower limit 1 and a standard voltage value upper limit 1 in sequence by using the operational amplifiers AR9-AR10, if the direct current voltage value output by the frequency sensor J1 is smaller than the standard voltage value lower limit 1 and the standard voltage value upper limit 1, the operational amplifier AR9 outputs a negative level, at the moment, the triode Q9 is conducted, which indicates that the water environment monitoring signal is interfered in the 2FSK wireless carrier communication process to change the, the direct-current voltage value corresponding to the frequency of the early warning circuit is reduced, the triode Q8 is cut off, the controllable silicon Q4 in the early warning circuit is controlled to be switched on at the moment, 3.3V power is loaded to the base electrode of the triode Q3 through the controllable silicon Q4 and the current-limiting resistor R13, the triode Q3 is switched on, if the operational amplifier AR5 outputs high level at the moment, the triode Q2 is also switched on, and the red light emitting diode D3 gives a red light warning; if the direct current voltage value output by the frequency sensor J1 is greater than the lower limit 1 of the standard voltage value and less than the upper limit 1 of the standard voltage value, the operational amplifier AR9 outputs a positive level, at this time, the triode Q9 is cut off, the operational amplifier AR10 outputs a negative level, the triode Q8 is also cut off, if the direct current voltage value output by the frequency sensor J1 is greater than the lower limit 1 of the standard voltage value and the upper limit 1 of the standard voltage value, the operational amplifier AR9 outputs a positive level, at this time, the triode Q9 is cut off, the operational amplifier AR10 outputs a positive level, the triode Q8 is turned on, and the output of the frequency sensor J1 is transmitted to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR7 through the triode;
the output of the frequency sensor J1 is compared with a lower limit of a standard voltage value 2 and an upper limit of the standard voltage value 2 by using operational amplifiers AR7-AR8, if the direct current voltage value output by the frequency sensor J1 is smaller than the lower limit of the standard voltage value 2 and the upper limit of the standard voltage value 2, the operational amplifier AR7 outputs a negative level, at the moment, a triode Q6 in the early warning circuit is controlled to be switched on, a triode Q5 is switched off, the operational amplifier AR8 outputs a negative level, a triode Q7 is switched off, if the direct current voltage value output by the frequency sensor J1 is larger than the lower limit of the standard voltage value 2 and smaller than the upper limit of the standard voltage value 2, the operational amplifier AR7 outputs a positive level, at the moment, a triode Q6 in the early warning circuit is controlled to be switched off, a triode Q5 in the early warning circuit is controlled to be switched on, the operational amplifier AR8 outputs a negative level, a triode Q7 is switched off, and if the direct current voltage value output by the, at the moment, a triode Q6 in the early warning circuit is controlled to be cut off, a triode Q5 is conducted, an operational amplifier AR8 outputs a positive level, a triode Q7 is conducted, the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal is changed due to interference in the 2FSK wireless carrier communication process, the direct-current voltage value corresponding to the frequency is increased, a controllable silicon Q4 in the early warning circuit is controlled to be conducted, a power supply +3.3V is loaded to the base electrode of the triode Q3 through a controllable silicon Q4 and a current-limiting resistor R13, the triode Q3 is conducted, if the operational amplifier AR5 outputs a high level, the triode Q2 is also conducted, and a red light emitting diode D3 sends a red light warning;
the lower limit 1 of the standard voltage value refers to 90% of a smaller direct current voltage value in direct current voltage values converted by the frequency sensor J1 respectively when the water environment monitoring signal is subjected to 2FSK modulation, and the upper limit 1 of the standard voltage value refers to 110% of the smaller direct current voltage value in direct current voltage values converted by the frequency sensor J1 respectively when the water environment monitoring signal is subjected to 2FSK modulation; the lower limit 2 of the standard voltage value refers to 90% of a larger direct-current voltage value in direct-current voltage values converted by the frequency sensor J1 respectively of two used carriers when the water environment monitoring signal is subjected to 2FSK modulation, and the upper limit 2 of the standard voltage value refers to 110% of the larger direct-current voltage value in direct-current voltage values converted by the frequency sensor J1 respectively of the two used carriers when the water environment monitoring signal is subjected to 2FSK modulation.
If the water environment monitoring signal is interfered in the 2FSK wireless carrier communication process, the amplitude and the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal can be changed, and in order to prevent a water environment monitoring center from obtaining wrong analysis results when analyzing index data of multiple water samples, a control early warning circuit is adopted, if a direct-current voltage value output by a frequency sensor J1 is greater than a standard voltage value lower limit 1 and a standard voltage value upper limit 1 and is smaller than a standard voltage value lower limit 2 and a standard voltage value upper limit 2, a triode Q6 is switched on, a triode Q5 is switched off, a power supply +6V charges a capacitor C5 through a resistor R18, when a triode Q6 is switched off and a triode Q5 is switched on, the power supply +6V stops charging a capacitor C5, a relay K2 is switched on, a contact 1 is switched on, and the capacitor C5 is rapidly discharged to the ground through a resistor R19;
the charging voltage of the capacitor C5 is compared with the voltage value obtained by dividing the voltage by the resistors R16-R17 in real time by using the operational amplifier AR6, when the charging voltage of the capacitor C5 is larger than the voltage value obtained by dividing the voltage by the resistors R16-R17, the operational amplifier AR6 outputs a high level indicating that the interference strength of the water environment monitoring signal during the 2FSK wireless carrier communication is sufficient to change the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal, the thyristor Q4 is conducted, the power supply +3.3V is loaded to the base electrode of the triode Q3 through the thyristor Q4 and the current-limiting resistor R13, the triode Q3 is conducted, if the operational amplifier AR5 outputs high level, the triode Q2 is also conducted, and the red light-emitting diode D3 gives a red light warning to remind the water environment monitoring center to verify the accuracy of the water environment monitoring signal, so that the water environment monitoring center is prevented from obtaining wrong analysis results when analyzing multiple water sample index data;
the voltage values obtained by dividing the voltage by the resistors R16-R17 are based on
Is set up in which VValue of partial pressureThe voltage value obtained by dividing the voltage of the resistors R16-R17 is referred to, and T is the reaction duration of the frequency sensor J1; the capacitor C4 is used to drop other interference noise to the ground, so as to eliminate other interference noise.
The specific structure of the amplitude monitoring circuit comprises that an inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR1 is connected with an output port of a water environment monitoring signal receiver, a contact 3 of a relay K1 and an IN port of a frequency sensor J1 IN a frequency conversion circuit, a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR1 is grounded and a contact 5 of a relay K1, an output end of the operational amplifier AR1 is connected with one end of an inductor L1, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of a resistor R1, the other end of a resistor R1 is connected with a contact 4 of a relay K1, a contact 2 of a relay K1 is connected with one end of a resistor R4, the other end of a resistor R4 is connected with one end of a resistor R3 and an inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR2, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR2 is connected with one end of a resistor R2, the other end of a resistor R2 is grounded, an output end of the operational amplifier AR2 is connected with the other end of a resistor R2, a contact 1 of the relay K2, one end of a resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R5 is grounded, the other end of an inductor L2, one end of a capacitor C2, the other end of a capacitor C2 is connected with the other end of a resistor R6 and the anode of a diode D1, the cathode of a diode D1 is connected with one end of a capacitor C3 and the non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR3, the other end of a capacitor C3 is grounded, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR3 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier AR3 and one end of a resistor R7, the other end of a resistor R7 is connected with one end of a resistor R89, one end of a resistor R9, an inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR4 and an inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR5, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with a power supply +0.7V, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with an output end of the operational amplifier AR4 and an anode of a diode D2, an output end of the operational amplifier AR5 is connected with a control electrode of a controllable silicon Q1 in the control early warning circuit, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with a non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR4 and one end of a resistor R10, and the other end of the resistor R10 is grounded.
The specific structure of the frequency conversion circuit, the IN port of the frequency sensor J1 is connected with the output port of the water environment monitoring signal receiver and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR1, the contact 3 of the relay K1, the VCC port of the frequency sensor J1 is connected with +12V, the GND port of the frequency sensor J1 is grounded and the anode of the zener diode D4 and one end of the capacitor C7, the OUT port of the frequency sensor J1 is connected with the cathode of the zener diode D4 and one end of the inductor L3, the other end of the inductor L3 is connected with the other end of the capacitor C7 and the contact 1 of the relay K3, the contact 2 of the relay K3 is connected with one end of the resistor R23, the other end of the resistor R23 is grounded, the contact 4 +6V of the relay K3 is connected with one end of the resistor R24, the other end of the resistor R24 is connected with one end of the capacitor C6 and the control electrode of the thyristor Q10, the other end of the capacitor, the anode of the thyristor Q10 is connected with the contact 5 of the relay K3, and the contact 3 of the relay K3 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR9 and the collector of the triode Q8 in the frequency monitoring circuit.
The specific structure of the frequency monitoring circuit comprises that a non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR9 is connected with a collector of a triode Q8 and a contact 3 of a relay K3 of a frequency conversion circuit, an inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR9 is connected with a lower limit of a standard voltage value 1, an output end of the operational amplifier AR9 is connected with one end of a resistor R22 and a non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR10, the other end of a resistor R22 is connected with a base of a triode Q9, an emitter of the triode Q9 is connected with a power supply +3.3V, a collector of a triode Q9 is connected with an emitter of a triode Q7 and one end of a resistor R15 and a control electrode of a thyristor Q4 in a control early warning circuit, an inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR10 is connected with an upper limit of the standard voltage value 1, an output end of the operational amplifier AR 21 is connected with one end of the resistor R21, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with a base of the triode Q8, the output end of the operational amplifier AR7 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR8 and the base electrodes of a triode Q6 and a triode Q5 in the control early warning circuit, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR8 is connected with the upper limit of the standard voltage value 2, the output end of the operational amplifier AR8 is connected with one end of a resistor R20, the other end of the resistor R20 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q7, and the collector electrode of the triode Q7 is connected with the power supply + 3.3V.
The control early warning circuit has the specific structure that the base of a triode Q5 is connected with the non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR8 and the output end of an operational amplifier AR7 in a triode Q6 and a frequency monitoring circuit, the collector of the triode Q5 is connected with a power supply +6V, the emitter of the triode Q5 is connected with a contact 3 of a relay K2, the emitter of a triode Q6 is connected with the power supply +6V, the collector of a triode Q6 is connected with one end of a resistor R18, the other end of the resistor R18 is connected with a contact 1 of a relay K2, one end of a capacitor C5 and the non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR6, a contact 4 of a relay K2 is grounded, one end of a resistor R19 and the other end of a capacitor C5, a contact 2 of a relay K2 is connected with the other end of a resistor R19, the inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR6 is connected with a resistor R16 and one end of a resistor R17, the other end of a resistor R17 is connected with the, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with the control electrode of a thyristor Q4 and the emitter of a triode Q7 and the collector of a triode Q9 in the frequency monitoring circuit, the anode of the thyristor Q4 is connected with the power supply +3.3V, the cathode of the thyristor Q4 is connected with one end of a resistor R13 and one end of a capacitor C4, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected with the base of a triode Q3, the other end of the capacitor C4 is grounded and the emitter of a triode Q3, the collector of a triode Q3 is connected with the emitter of a triode Q2, the collector of a triode Q2 is connected with the cathode of a red light emitting diode D3, the anode of a red light emitting diode D3 is connected with one end of a resistor R14, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected with the power supply +6V, the base of a triode Q2 is connected with one end of a resistor R12, the other end of a resistor R12 is connected with the cathode of a thyristor Q12, the anode of a thyristor Q.
When the invention is used specifically, the amplitude monitoring circuit samples the water environment monitoring signal output by the water environment monitoring signal receiver, an inverting circuit is formed by an operational amplifier AR2 and resistors R2-R4, negative half cycle inversion of the water environment monitoring signal is carried out, pi-type filter network formed by resistors R5-R6, capacitors C1-C2 and an inductor L2 is used for filtering, wherein the inductor L2 filters out direct current interference in the water environment monitoring signal, a high-pass filter is formed by the capacitor C1 and the resistor R5, low-frequency interference signals are shunted to the ground, a low-pass filter is formed by the capacitor C2 and the resistor R6, high-frequency interference signals are shunted to the ground, the capacitor C3 is charged by the water environment monitoring signal, the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal is detected by the charging voltage of the capacitor C3, a subtraction operation circuit is formed by the operational amplifier AR4 and the resistors R8-R11, the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal and the operational amplifier AR3 are used, if the obtained amplitude abnormal difference value is larger than the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal, the operational amplifier AR5 outputs a high level; the frequency conversion circuit samples the water environment monitoring signal output by the water environment monitoring signal receiver, and selects the frequency sensor J1 with the model number of WBF122U01 to convert the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal into a corresponding direct-current voltage value in real time, when the frequency sensor J1 is just powered on, the output of the frequency sensor J1 increases from zero, simultaneously, the power supply +6V starts to charge the capacitor C6 through the resistor R24, at the moment, the relay K3 is not conducted, the direct-current voltage value output by the frequency sensor J1 is connected with the contact 2 through the contact 1 of the relay K3 and is dropped to the ground through the current-limiting resistor R23 until the charging voltage on the capacitor C6 reaches the conducting voltage of the control electrode of the silicon controlled rectifier Q10, the relay K3 is always conducted, and the direct-current voltage value output by the frequency sensor J1 is continuously transmitted to the non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR9 and the collector electrode of a triode Q8 in the frequency monitoring circuit through a contact 1 and a contact 3 of the relay K3;
the frequency monitoring circuit compares a direct-current voltage value corresponding to a water environment monitoring signal with a standard voltage value lower limit 1 and a standard voltage value upper limit 1 in sequence by using an operational amplifier AR9-AR10, when the operational amplifier AR9 outputs a low level, a triode Q9 is conducted, a controlled silicon Q4 in the early warning circuit is controlled to be conducted at the moment, a power supply +3.3V is loaded to a base electrode of a triode Q3 through a controlled silicon Q4 and a current limiting resistor R13, the triode Q3 is conducted, if the operational amplifier AR5 outputs a high level at the moment, the triode Q2 is also conducted, and a red light emitting diode D3 gives a red light warning; when the operational amplifier AR9 outputs a high level, the operational amplifiers AR7-AR8 are used for comparing a direct-current voltage value corresponding to a water environment monitoring signal with a standard voltage value lower limit 2 and a standard voltage value upper limit 2 in sequence, when the operational amplifier AR7 outputs a low level, the triode Q6 is conducted, when the operational amplifier AR7 outputs a high level, the triode Q5 is conducted, when the operational amplifier AR8 outputs a high level, the triode Q7 is conducted, at the moment, the thyristor Q4 in the early warning circuit is controlled to be conducted, a power supply +3.3V is loaded to the base of the triode Q3 through the thyristor Q4 and a current-limiting resistor R13, the triode Q3 is conducted, and if the operational amplifier AR5 outputs a high level at the moment, the triode Q2 is also conducted, and the red light-emitting diode D3 emits a red light;
if the direct-current voltage value output by the frequency sensor J1 is greater than the lower limit 1 of the standard voltage value and the upper limit 1 of the standard voltage value and is less than the lower limit 2 of the standard voltage value and the upper limit 2 of the standard voltage value, a triode Q6 in the early warning circuit is controlled to be switched on, a triode Q5 is switched off, a power supply +6V charges a capacitor C5 through a resistor R18, when a triode Q6 is switched off and a triode Q5 is switched on, the power supply +6V stops charging the capacitor C5, a relay K2 is switched on, a contact 1 is connected with a contact 2, and a capacitor C5 is rapidly discharged to the ground through the resistor R19; the charging voltage of a capacitor C5 is compared with a voltage value obtained by voltage division of resistors R16-R17 in real time by an operational amplifier AR6, when the charging voltage of the capacitor C5 is larger than the voltage value obtained by voltage division of resistors R16-R17, the operational amplifier AR6 outputs a high level, a silicon controlled rectifier Q4 is conducted, a power supply +3.3V is loaded to the base of a triode Q3 through a silicon controlled rectifier Q4 and a current-limiting resistor R13, the triode Q3 is conducted, if the operational amplifier AR5 outputs the high level at the moment, the triode Q2 is also conducted, and a red light emitting diode D3 gives a red light warning.
While the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments thereof; for those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains and related technologies, the extension, operation method and data replacement should fall within the protection scope of the present invention based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The water environment monitoring device based on the Internet of things comprises a detection device, a water environment monitoring signal modulation transmitter, a water environment monitoring signal receiver, a monitoring and early warning module and a water environment monitoring center, and is characterized in that the detection device detects water quality indexes of a watershed water sample in a timed and quantitative mode to obtain water sample index data, the water environment monitoring signal modulation transmitter carries out 2FSK modulation on the water sample index data to obtain a water environment monitoring signal and transmits the water environment monitoring signal to the water environment monitoring signal receiver, the monitoring and early warning module samples the water environment monitoring signal received by the water environment monitoring signal receiver to carry out amplitude monitoring and frequency monitoring, and if the amplitude and the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal generate serious distortion, red light warning is sent to remind the water environment monitoring center to verify the accuracy of the monitoring signal, and the monitoring and early warning module comprises an amplitude, Frequency conversion circuit, frequency monitoring circuit and control early warning circuit.
2. The Internet of things-based water environment monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amplitude monitoring circuit samples the water environment monitoring signal output by the water environment monitoring signal receiver, the operational amplifier AR2 inverts the negative half cycle of the water environment monitoring signal, the capacitor C3 is charged by the water environment monitoring signal, the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal is detected by the charging voltage of the capacitor C3, the operational amplifier AR4 is used to perform subtraction proportion operation on the water environment monitoring signal and the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal, if the obtained amplitude abnormal difference value is larger than the amplitude of the water environment monitoring signal, the operational amplifier AR5 outputs a high level, the frequency conversion circuit samples the water environment monitoring signal output by the water environment monitoring signal receiver and selects the frequency sensor J1 with the model number WBF122U01 to convert the frequency of the water environment monitoring signal into a corresponding direct current voltage value in real time, when the charging voltage on the capacitor C6 reaches the control electrode conducting voltage of the controllable silicon Q10, the frequency monitoring circuit compares the direct-current voltage value corresponding to the water environment monitoring signal with a standard voltage value lower limit 1 and a standard voltage value upper limit 1 in sequence by using the operational amplifiers AR9-AR10, when the operational amplifier AR9 outputs a low level, the triode Q9 is conducted, when the operational amplifier AR9 outputs a high level, the direct-current voltage value corresponding to the water environment monitoring signal is compared with the standard voltage value lower limit 2 and the standard voltage value upper limit 2 in sequence by using the operational amplifiers AR7-AR8, when the operational amplifier AR7 outputs a low level, the triode Q6 is conducted, when the operational amplifier AR7 outputs a high level, the triode Q5 is conducted, when the operational amplifier AR8 outputs a high level, the triode Q7 is conducted, the control early warning circuit compares the voltage on the capacitor C5 with the voltage value obtained by dividing the voltage by the resistors R16-17 by using the operational amplifier AR6, when the output of the operational amplifier AR6 reaches the gate-on voltage of the thyristor Q4, the transistor Q3 is turned on, and if the operational amplifier AR5 outputs a high level, the transistor Q2 is also turned on, and the red light emitting diode D3 gives a red light warning.
3. The water environment monitoring device based on the internet of things as claimed IN claim 1, wherein the amplitude monitoring circuit comprises an operational amplifier AR1, an inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR1 is connected to an output port of the water environment monitoring signal receiver, a contact 3 of a relay K1 and an IN port of a frequency sensor J1 IN the frequency conversion circuit, a non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR1 is grounded and a contact 5 of a relay K1, an output terminal of the operational amplifier AR1 is connected to one end of an inductor L1, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to one end of a resistor R1, the other end of a resistor R1 is connected to a contact 4 of a relay K1, a contact 2 of a relay K1 is connected to one end of a resistor R4, the other end of a resistor R4 is connected to one end of a resistor R3 and an inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2 is connected to one end of a resistor R2, the other end of a resistor R, A contact 1 of a relay K1, one end of a resistor R11, one end of a capacitor C1 and one end of an inductor L2, the other end of a capacitor C1 is connected with one end of a resistor R5 and one end of a resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R6 is grounded and the other end of the inductor L6, one end of a capacitor C6, the other end of the capacitor C6 is connected with the other end of the resistor R6 and the anode of a diode D6, the cathode of the diode D6 is connected with one end of the capacitor C6 and the non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier AR6, the other end of the capacitor C6 is grounded, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR6 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier AR6 and one end of the resistor R6, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR6 and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR6, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier AR6 and the anode of the SCR 6, the SCR 36Q control circuit of the operational amplifier 6, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier AR4 and one end of the resistor R10, and the other end of the resistor R10 is grounded.
4. The water environment monitoring device based on the internet of things as claimed IN claim 1, wherein the frequency conversion circuit selects a frequency sensor J1 with model number WBF122U01, an IN port of the frequency sensor J1 is connected with an output port of a water environment monitoring signal receiver and an inverting input terminal of an operational amplifier AR1 IN the amplitude monitoring circuit, a contact 3 of a relay K1, a VCC port of the frequency sensor J1 is connected with +12V, a GND port of the frequency sensor J1 is grounded and an anode of a zener diode D4 and one end of a capacitor C7, an OUT port of the frequency sensor J1 is connected with a cathode of the zener diode D4 and one end of an inductor L3, the other end of the inductor L3 is connected with the other end of the capacitor C7 and a contact 1 of a relay K3, a contact 2 of the relay K3 is connected with one end of a resistor R23, the other end of a resistor R23 is grounded, a contact 4 of the relay K3 is connected with +6V and one end of a resistor R24, the other end of the resistor R6342 is connected with a thyristor Q9, the other end of the capacitor C6 is grounded and the cathode of the thyristor Q10, the anode of the thyristor Q10 is connected with the contact 5 of the relay K3, and the contact 3 of the relay K3 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR9 in the frequency monitoring circuit and the collector of the triode Q8.
5. The water environment monitoring device based on the internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein the frequency monitoring circuit comprises an operational amplifier AR9, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR9 is connected with the collector of a triode Q8 and the contact 3 of a relay K3 of the frequency conversion circuit, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR9 is connected with the lower limit of the standard voltage value 1, the output terminal of the operational amplifier AR9 is connected with one end of a resistor R22 and the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR10, the other terminal of the resistor R22 is connected with the base of a triode Q9, the emitter of a triode Q9 is connected with +3.3V, the collector of a triode Q9 is connected with the emitter of a triode Q7 and one terminal of a resistor R15 in the control early warning circuit and the control electrode of a thyristor Q4, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR 42 is connected with the upper limit of the standard voltage value 1, the output terminal of the operational amplifier AR 21, the other terminal of the resistor R21 is connected with the base of a triode Q8, the emitter, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR7 is connected with the lower limit of the standard voltage value 2, the output end of the operational amplifier AR7 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR8 and the base electrodes of the triode Q6 and the triode Q5 in the control early warning circuit, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR8 is connected with the upper limit of the standard voltage value 2, the output end of the operational amplifier AR8 is connected with one end of the resistor R20, the other end of the resistor R20 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q7, and the collector electrode of the triode Q7 is connected with the power supply.
6. The water environment monitoring device based on the internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control early warning circuit comprises a triode Q5, the base of the triode Q5 is connected with the non-inverting input terminal of an operational amplifier AR8 and the output terminal of an operational amplifier AR7 in the triode Q6 and the frequency monitoring circuit, the collector of the triode Q5 is connected with +6V, the emitter of the triode Q5 is connected with the contact 3 of a relay K2, the emitter of the triode Q6 is connected with +6V, the collector of the triode Q6 is connected with one end of a resistor R18, the other end of the resistor R18 is connected with the contact 1 of the relay K2, one end of a capacitor C5 and the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR6, the contact 4 of the relay K2 is connected with the ground, one end of a resistor R19, the other end of the capacitor C5, the contact 2 of the relay K2 is connected with the other end of a resistor R19, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR6 is connected with one end of a resistor R16 and, the other end of the resistor R17 is grounded, the output end of the operational amplifier AR6 is connected with one end of the resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with the control electrode of the controlled silicon Q4, the emitter of the triode Q7 and the collector of the triode Q9 in the frequency monitoring circuit, the anode of the thyristor Q4 is connected with the power supply +3.3V, the cathode of the thyristor Q4 is connected with one end of the resistor R13 and one end of the capacitor C4, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected with the base of the triode Q3, the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected with the ground and the emitter of the triode Q3, the collector of the triode Q3 is connected with the emitter of the triode Q2, the collector of the triode Q2 is connected with the cathode of the red light emitting diode D3, the anode of the red light emitting diode D3 is connected with one end of the resistor R14, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected with the power supply +6V, the base of the triode Q2 is connected with one end of the resistor R12, and the, the anode of the controlled silicon Q1 is connected with +3.3V of the power supply, and the control electrode of the controlled silicon Q1 is connected with the output end of an operational amplifier AR5 in the amplitude monitoring circuit.
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