CN112876699A - 一种仿生水凝胶及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及医药材料领域,具体涉及一种仿生水凝胶及其应用。仿生水凝胶按照如下步骤制备得到:将质量浓度为2‑15%的丝胶蛋白溶液与质量浓度为8‑15%的聚乙烯醇溶液按质量比为1:(1‑5)的比例混匀,在真空环境下,以转速为100‑185r/mi n的圆盘搅拌头施加剪切作用,30‑60mi n后得到聚乙烯醇/丝素蛋白复合溶液;将聚乙烯醇/丝素蛋白复合溶液在‑20~‑80℃下冷冻8‑12h后,取出常温解冻4‑6h,重复冷冻‑解冻步骤3‑7次,得仿生水凝胶。本发明提供的仿生水凝胶具有与软骨相似的各向异性排列,同时还具有很高的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率以及良好的生物活性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药材料领域,具体涉及一种仿生水凝胶及其应用。
背景技术
关节软骨是一种特殊的结缔组织,其上无血管、淋巴管和神经,且具有代谢率低的生理功能特征,其特殊的解剖结构决定了其自我修复能力非常有限,因此,目前治疗关节软骨损伤通常都是采用软骨替代或修复材料来对关节软骨进行修复的。
水凝胶是一类能够吸收并保有大量水分的具有网络结构的聚合物,在聚合物的网络结构中含有一部分疏水残团和亲水残基,亲水残基与水分子结合,将水分子连接在网状内部,而疏水残基遇水膨胀保持一定的形状。水凝胶具有良好的生物相容性、透气性和细胞粘附性,因此被视为人体组织和器官的潜在替代物。但是,目前绝大多数的合成水凝胶还是各向同性凝胶,不具备像肌肉、软骨、角膜和心脏瓣膜等人体组织在微观尺度上的各向异性结构和优异的力学性能。
因此,有必要提供一种具有各向异性的水凝胶。
发明内容
因此,本发明要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中的水凝胶是各向同性,不具备优异的力学性能的缺陷,从而提供一种仿生水凝胶及其应用。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种仿生水凝胶,按照如下步骤制备得到:
将质量浓度为2-15%的丝胶蛋白溶液与质量浓度为8-15%的聚乙烯醇溶液,按照质量比为1:(1-5)的比例混匀后,在真空环境下,以转速为100-185r/min的圆盘搅拌头施加剪切作用,30-60min后得到聚乙烯醇/丝素蛋白复合溶液;
将聚乙烯醇/丝素蛋白复合溶液在-20~-80℃下冷冻8-12h后,取出常温解冻4-6h,重复冷冻-解冻步骤3-7次,得仿生水凝胶。
可选的,所述丝胶蛋白溶液按照如下步骤制备得到:
将干燥的丝胶蛋白固体溶于去离子水或磷酸缓冲溶液中,在室温下溶解,得丝胶蛋白溶液。
可选的,所述施加剪切作用的步骤在37-45℃恒温水浴中进行。
本发明还提供一种如上述所有方案中任一项所述的仿生水凝胶在软骨修复中的应用。
本发明技术方案,具有如下优点:
1.本发明提供的仿生水凝胶,通过将丝胶蛋白溶液以及聚乙烯按特定比例混合后在真空环境下施加剪切力,使得其部分取向后再进行冻融循环,结合了在真空下进行的剪切力定向技术以及冻融循环技术,使得得到的仿生水凝胶具有与软骨相近的各向异性排列,同时还具有很高的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率以及良好的生物活性。
2.本发明提供的仿生水凝胶在软骨修复中的应用,由于本发明提供的仿生水凝胶的各向异性排列与软骨相近,通过将其应用在软骨修复中,有利于软骨损伤修复的进行。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例1中的仿生水凝胶的10μm电镜图;
图2是本发明实施例1中的仿生水凝胶的2μm电镜图;
图3是本发明实施例1中的仿生水凝胶的吸光值检测结果;
图4是本发明实施例1中的仿生水凝胶的骨修复效果图;
图5是本发明性能测试中模型组的骨修复效果图。
具体实施方式
提供下述实施例是为了更好地进一步理解本发明,并不局限于所述最佳实施方式,不对本发明的内容和保护范围构成限制,任何人在本发明的启示下或是将本发明与其他现有技术的特征进行组合而得出的任何与本发明相同或相近似的产品,均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例中未注明具体实验步骤或条件者,按照本领域内的文献所描述的常规实验步骤的操作或条件即可进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购获得的常规试剂产品。
实施例1
本实施例涉及一种仿生水凝胶,其制备过程具体如下:
(1)将干燥的丝素蛋白固体溶于磷酸缓冲液(PH为7.4)中,在室温下进行溶解,制成质量浓度为2%的溶液;
(2)向步骤(1)中加入质量溶度为8%的聚乙烯醇溶液,按1:1的比例在室温下进行混合均匀;
(3)将上述步骤(2)的混合溶液转至圆柱形玻璃器皿中,然后进行抽真空;
(4)将上述步骤(3)的经抽真空后,置于37度恒温水域中,并将一种圆盘搅拌头施加剪切作用,转速为120r/min,30min后即可制得取向聚乙烯醇(PVA)/丝素蛋白(SF)复合溶液;
(5)将步骤(4)的混合溶液然后将溶液放置到-20度冰箱中进行冷冻12小时,然后拿出来常温解冻4小时,以此反复3次,既得仿生水凝胶。
仿生水凝胶的10μm的扫描电镜图如图1所示,2μm的扫描电镜图如图2所示。
实施例2
本实施例涉及一种仿生水凝胶,其制备过程具体如下:
(1)将干燥的丝素蛋白固体溶于去离子水中,在室温下进行溶解,制成质量浓度为4%的溶液;
(2)向步骤(1)中加入质量溶度为8%的聚乙烯醇溶液,按1:1的比例在室温下进行混合均匀;
(3)将上述步骤(2)的混合溶液转至圆柱形玻璃器皿中,然后进行抽真空;
(4)将上述步骤(3)的经抽真空后,置于37度恒温水域中,并将一种圆盘搅拌头施加剪切作用,转速为120r/min,30min后即可制得取向聚乙烯醇(PVA)/丝素蛋白(SF)复合溶液;
(5)将步骤(4)的混合溶液然后将溶液放置到-20度冰箱中进行冷冻12小时,然后拿出来常温解冻4小时,以此反复3次,既得水凝胶。
实施例3
本实施例涉及一种仿生水凝胶,其制备过程具体如下:
(1)将干燥的丝素蛋白固体溶于去离子水中,在室温下进行溶解,制成质量浓度为6%的溶液;
(2)向步骤(1)中加入质量溶度为8%的聚乙烯醇溶液,按1:1的比例在室温下进行混合均匀;
(3)将上述步骤(2)的混合溶液转至圆柱形玻璃器皿中,然后进行抽真空;
(4)将上述步骤(3)的经抽真空后,置于37度恒温水域中,并将一种圆盘搅拌头施加剪切作用,转速为120r/min,30min后即可制得取向聚乙烯醇(PVA)/丝素蛋白(SF)复合溶液;
(5)将步骤(4)的混合溶液然后将溶液放置到-20度冰箱中进行冷冻12小时,然后拿出来常温解冻4小时,以此反复3次,既得水凝胶。
实施例3
本实施例涉及一种仿生水凝胶,本实施例与实施例1的区别之处在于,在本实施例中,步骤(2)中聚乙烯醇的浓度为12%。
对比例1
本对比例涉及一种仿生水凝胶,本对比例与实施例1的区别之处在于,在本对比例中,制备过程不包括步骤(4)。
性能测试
1、力学性能测试:
依据GB/T528-2009对上述实施例和对比例提供的仿生水凝胶进行拉伸实验,得到应力-应变曲线,根据应力-应变曲线,得到仿生水凝胶的弹性模量数据,如表1所示。
表1实施例和对比例的弹性模量数据
弹性模量/MPa | |
实施例1 | 9 |
实施例2 | 12 |
实施例3 | 16 |
实施例4 | 10.8 |
对比例1 | 5.6 |
2、生物相容性测试:
将实施例1所制备的仿生水凝胶进行细胞毒性评价试验,采用MTT方法测定水凝胶支架浸提液对NIH3T3细胞的影响。
MTT能与活细胞线粒体中的琥珀酸脱氢酶反应,生成不溶于水的紫色结晶物,用二甲基亚砜溶出紫色结晶物,测量其在492nm处的吸光度值,细胞内紫色物质的浓度反应了细胞内部酶的活力,与细胞存活率正相关,可以反映细胞的增殖能力和生长情况。
测试步骤:首先,将NIH3T3细胞种植在48孔板内,密度为104个/孔,每孔含200μL的完全培养基,将上述培养板置于二氧化碳培养箱(37℃,5%二氧化碳)中培养24h,待细胞贴壁后,吸弃旧的培养基,向每孔中分别加入200μL的水凝胶浸提液,放入二氧化碳培养箱中继续孵育。在预定时间点取出培养板,吸弃旧的培养基,用PBS清洗两次,然后每孔加360μL不含血清的DMEM细胞培养基和40μL MTT,放入培养箱继续培养4h。当细胞与MTT充分反应后,吸去培养基,每孔加入400μL的DMSO,避光37℃条件下震动30min,使沉淀完全溶解。然后用酶标仪在492nm波长下检测吸光值,得到结果如图3所示。空白对照组中为不含有水凝胶浸提液。
从图中可以看出,实施例1制备的软骨修复水凝胶对细胞的增长率与空白对照组无统计学意义,说明软骨修复水凝胶的生物相容性好。
3、骨修复性能测试
动物实验模型
1)本实验需要12-18周SD雄性大鼠。
2)普通饮食;
3)异氟烷吸入麻醉(3-4%诱导麻醉,2-3%维持麻醉)麻醉;
4)麻醉后首先对大鼠后腿进行剃毛和消毒,皮下注射美洛昔康(0.1ml/100g)进行术前镇痛。内侧鞍旁路暴露膝关节,髌骨横向脱臼,膝关节完全屈曲,用圆柱形牙钻在两侧的凹槽形成软骨缺损(1.6mm直径和深度)然后将所有碎片都通过刮除和灌溉从缺陷处移除。以加压方式将实施例1提供的仿生水凝胶的支架植入缺陷处,周期大概1-3个月。未接受治疗的大鼠被视为模型组。术后注射0.1%氯霉素和美洛昔康(0.1ml/100g),12周后,二氧化碳过量吸入安乐死大鼠,并对大鼠股骨进行取样。取样后对组织进行HE染色。
其中,实施例1的水凝胶的骨修复效果如图4所示,模型组的骨修复效果如图5所示。从图4可以看出,实施例1的水凝胶的支架的修复组织与周围组织整合较好,胶原的排列与周围正常软骨类似。从图5可以看出,模型组的修复组织与周围组织整合差,胶原排列紊乱无序,骨修复效果较差。
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例,而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。
Claims (4)
1.一种仿生水凝胶,其特征在于,按照如下步骤制备得到:
将质量浓度为2-15%的丝胶蛋白溶液与质量浓度为8-15%的聚乙烯醇溶液,按照质量比为1:(1-5)的比例混匀后,在真空环境下,以转速为100-185r/min的搅拌头施加剪切作用,30-60min后得到聚乙烯醇/丝素蛋白复合溶液;
将聚乙烯醇/丝素蛋白复合溶液在-20~-80℃下冷冻8-12h后,取出常温解冻4-6h,重复冷冻-解冻步骤3-7次,得仿生水凝胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的仿生水凝胶,其特征在于,所述丝胶蛋白溶液按照如下步骤制备得到:
将干燥的丝胶蛋白固体溶于去离子水或磷酸缓冲溶液中,在室温下溶解,得丝胶蛋白溶液。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的仿生水凝胶,其特征在于,所述施加剪切作用的步骤在37-45℃恒温水浴中进行。
4.一种如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的仿生水凝胶在软骨修复中的应用。
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