CN112859211A - Novel block-type planar photoelectric imaging system - Google Patents
Novel block-type planar photoelectric imaging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112859211A CN112859211A CN202110030260.3A CN202110030260A CN112859211A CN 112859211 A CN112859211 A CN 112859211A CN 202110030260 A CN202110030260 A CN 202110030260A CN 112859211 A CN112859211 A CN 112859211A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel block-type plane photoelectric imaging system which comprises a micro-lens array, wherein the micro-lens array adopts an interference arm formed by closely arranging even number of micro-lenses and an interference arm formed by closely arranging odd number of micro-lenses which are sequentially and alternately and uniformly arranged, the length difference of any two adjacent interference arms is the diameter of a single micro-lens, and the base line pairing mode of each interference arm adopts an end-to-end pairing method. The invention adopts even-odd alternate interference arm uniform arrangement design and end-to-end pairing method, can obtain complete continuous integer sampling, and almost doubles the high and low frequency sampling rate when the system resolution is consistent under the condition of keeping the longest base line unchanged; and when the number of the micro lenses is odd, the independent micro lenses corresponding to zero frequency sampling exist, so that the problems of uneven spatial sampling and lack of zero frequency can be solved simultaneously, and the method has an important effect on improving the sectional type plane photoelectric imaging system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of interference imaging, in particular to a novel block-type planar photoelectric imaging system.
Background
The partitioned planar photoelectric imaging system is also called as "SPIDER", the researchers at thevista division and Rockmartin advanced technology center in California propose to adopt PIC technology to shrink the interference array on a chip in 2012, the PIC of the chip has been developed to the third generation so far, the materials are from silicon-based silicon dioxide waveguide to silicon nitride waveguide, the layout size is reduced, the total power consumption is reduced, the output wave derivative is increased, the imaging spectrum section is expanded and is closer to the practical application, but the technology is still in the research and development stage, and the image resolution is still low when the technology is seen from the interference imaging photos generated by the prototype of the first group of SPIDER "microlens interference imaging system published by Rockmartin Rockschild. Although the third-generation PICs all make different improvements in the baseline matching for improving the image quality, for example, the second-generation SPIDER Zoom Program proposes a scheme with a high-resolution small field of view (0.12mrad) and a low-resolution large field of view (0.35mrad) on the basis of the first generation, wherein 19 high-resolution PICs comprise 16 microlenses to form 8 groups of baselines, and 4 low-resolution PICs comprise 8 microlenses to form 4 groups of baselines; and the third generation keeps the number of lenses and the imaging spectrum unchanged on the basis of the second generation, reduces the longest base line and increases the aperture space utilization rate, but also has the problems of uneven sampling, lack of zero frequency and the like.
A traditional baseline matching method is in a symmetrical form, and assuming that the number of micro lenses on a single interference arm is N, and the baseline matching adopts an end-to-end method, the matching modes are (1, N), (2, N-1), (3, N-2) … …, and when N is an odd number, the baseline length B isi＝[2,4,6,8……(N-1)]BminFrequency of space
When the microlenses are closely arranged two by two, BminWhen d is equal to
At a fundamental frequency, where d is the diameter of a single microlens, λ is the wavelength, and z is the object distance, the spatial sampling frequency is fi＝[2,4,6,8……(N-1)]fmin. Because the sampling distance is discrete, the corresponding sampling frequency spectrum is also a series of discrete concentric rings, only contains even frequency, lacks central zero frequency sampling and odd frequency sampling (f)i＝[1,3,5,7……(N-1)]fmin) (ii) a Also the lack of even frequency sampling (f) when N is eveni＝[2,4,6,8……(N-1)]fmin). The problems of incomplete sampling, lack of center zero frequency and the like exist no matter the number of the microlenses is odd or even, wherein the center zero frequency contains image average brightness information, uneven sampling can cause image information loss, and both the problems can cause poor imaging quality.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel segmented planar photoelectric imaging system, which solves the problem of poor image quality caused by uneven system sampling and lack of zero frequency due to equal lengths of interference arms and single base line pairing mode of the conventional segmented planar photoelectric imaging system.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a novel block-type planar photoelectric imaging system comprises a micro-lens array, wherein the micro-lens array is designed by sequentially alternately and uniformly arranging interference arms formed by closely arranging even-numbered micro-lenses and interference arms formed by closely arranging odd-numbered micro-lenses, the length difference of any two adjacent interference arms is the diameter of a single micro-lens, and the base line pairing mode of each interference arm adopts an end-to-end pairing method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) compared with the increase of the number of interference arms, micro lenses on the interference arms and the number of waveguides, the novel block-type plane photoelectric imaging system provided by the invention obtains more frequency information, brings cost and difficulty in manufacturing and adjusting, and is more suitable for improving image quality;
(2) the novel block-type planar photoelectric imaging system provided by the invention has the advantages that the high and low frequency sampling rates are almost doubled simultaneously when the longest base line is kept unchanged and the resolution of the system is consistent;
(3) when the number of the micro lenses on the interference arm is odd, the independent micro lenses exist in the pair, the zero-frequency sampling comprises the image average brightness information, and the method has an important effect on improving the imaging quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microlens array in a novel segmented planar photoelectric imaging system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a baseline pairing method for two adjacent interferometric arms;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a baseline matching method when the interference arm includes 7 microlenses;
fig. 4 is a simulation result diagram of the novel segmented planar photoelectric imaging system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The existing block-type plane photoelectric imaging system can solve the problems of large aperture and the like of the traditional optical system, but because frequency sampling is discrete sampling, the problems of uneven spatial sampling and lack of zero frequency exist, and the image obtained by Fourier inverse transformation is not clear (namely a 'dirty image'). Therefore, based on the problems of the existing block-type planar photoelectric imaging system, the present invention provides a block-type planar photoelectric imaging system designed by using a novel interference arm structure, and the following detailed description will be given to the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
The embodiment of the invention provides a novel segmented planar photoelectric imaging system, which comprises a micro-lens array, specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the micro-lens array comprises a plurality of even interference arms and odd interference arms, and the even interference arms and the odd interference arms are sequentially and alternately and uniformly arranged, wherein the even interference arms are formed by closely arranging even micro-lenses, the odd interference arms are formed by closely arranging odd micro-lenses, and the micro-lenses in the even interference arms and the odd interference arms are the same. Meanwhile, the length difference of any two adjacent interference arms in the microlens array is the diameter of a single microlens, and the base line pairing mode of each interference arm adopts an end-to-end pairing method.
The system proposed in this embodiment changes the shape of the microlens array in a new optimized way, instead of simply changing the pairing of the lens groups. By adopting the design that the even interference arms and the odd interference arms are sequentially and uniformly arranged in an alternating mode, and the length difference of the adjacent interference arms is equal to the diameter of a single micro lens, all integral multiple sampling and zero frequency sampling of fundamental frequency can be realized, and high imaging quality is obtained.
In this embodiment, the baseline matching mode of each interference arm adopts an end-to-end matching method, as shown in fig. 2, the following end-to-end matching method is adopted when the spatial distance between adjacent microlenses along the radial direction is Bmin;
assuming that the numbers of microlenses of adjacent interference arms are respectively N and (N-1), N is a non-zero positive integer, and the corresponding spatial frequency samples are respectively fi＝[2,4,6,8……(N-1)]fmin、fi＝[1,3,5,7……(N-2)]fminWherein f isminIs the fundamental frequency. f. ofi＝[2,4,6,8……(N-1)]fmin、fi＝[1,3,5,7……(N-2)]fminExactly complete uniform sampling f can be achievedi＝nfminAnd N is 1, 2, 3, 4, … … (N-1)), and is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency. Therefore, the original discrete sampling distance becomes a continuous integer sampling, and when the longest base line is kept unchanged and the resolution of the system is consistent, compared with the SPIDER system designed by a single interference arm, the high and low frequency sampling rates of the novel interference arm design are almost doubled at the same time.
When the number of microlenses on the interference arm is odd, the base line pair has independent microlenses, and taking the example that the odd interference arm includes 7 microlenses, as shown in fig. 3, when the number of microlenses on the interference arm is odd, the base line pair has independent microlens a, and the microlens a corresponds to zero-frequency sampling
Where d is the individual microlens diameter, λ is the wavelength, and z is the object distance. If the distance between adjacent microlenses is small enough, d is BminThe spatial sampling frequencies are integers of zero frequencyAnd (4) doubling.
The invention adopts even-odd alternate interference arm uniform arrangement design and end-to-end pairing method, which can change the original discrete sampling distance into a complete continuous integer sampling, and almost doubles the high and low frequency sampling rate when the system resolution is consistent under the condition of keeping the longest base line unchanged; and when the number of the micro lenses on the interference arm is odd, the independent micro lenses exist and correspond to zero frequency sampling. The invention can simultaneously solve the problems of nonuniform space sampling and lack of zero frequency, and has an important effect on improving the sectional type plane photoelectric imaging system. Compared with the increase of the number of interference arms, micro lenses on the interference arms and the number of waveguides to obtain more frequency information, the cost, the manufacturing difficulty and the installation and adjustment difficulty are brought, the novel block-type planar photoelectric imaging system provided by the invention is more suitable for improving the image quality.
The invention mainly provides a novel block-type planar photoelectric imaging system for optimizing a micro-lens array, and in order to further explain the technical scheme and the technical effect of the invention, a simulation example is given below.
Aiming at the typical application requirements of 500km orbit height, imaging spectral band 800-1600 nm, angular resolution 1.2' (the resolution of points under the satellite is better than 3m) and 1.5-degree field of view, the following microlens arrangement mode is designed according to the structural design requirement of the SPIDER imaging system: the total number of interference arms is 37; according to the imaging system index system, the longest base line can be calculated
Wherein λminIs the minimum wavelength, RminIs the minimum angular resolution; to obtain a 1.5 degree field of view, take the FOV of a single waveguidesingle0.1 °, each microlens requires 225 waveguides, the diameter of the corresponding individual microlens
Wherein λmaxIs the maximum wavelength; according to the longest base line Bmax138mm, every two microlenses are closely arranged, 138 microlenses are arranged on even interference arms, and odd interference arms are arranged137 microlenses are arranged on the interference arm and respectively form 69 and 68 groups of interference baselines; and the arrayed waveguide grating divides the imaging spectrum into 10 narrow bands with a center-to-center spacing of 80 nm. Finally, the resulting microlens array of the SPIDER imaging system is shown in fig. 1. It should be noted that fig. 1 only illustrates the structural design of the microlens array in the present invention by taking the microlens array including 37 interference arms, 138 microlenses on the even interference arm, and 137 microlenses on the odd interference arm as an example, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the total number of interference arms and the number of microlenses on the even interference arm and the odd interference arm can be adjusted according to actual needs without departing from the concept of the present invention, and therefore, the present invention is not limited to this.
And (3) performing simulation verification on the imaging capability of the novel interference arm design based on the photonic integrated circuit by adopting an end-to-end pairing method. The field of view of the system is limited to 512 x 512 pixel target size, the object distance is 500km, and the ground imaging range is 1.2km x 1.2 km. The resolution board is selected as a simulated target image for imaging principle verification, and the target image is shown in fig. 4 (a). The simulation process follows: the micro-lens array collects object surface light information, the light information is coupled into the optical waveguide array and then is split by the grating, the optical signal is converted into a current component through the phase delayer and the information processing module after passing through the phase delayer, and a recovery image is obtained after Fourier inverse transformation. The sampling function, i.e., the modulation transfer function, of the aperture arrangement of the integrated optical interference imaging system is shown in fig. 4(b), the image reconstructed by the SPIDER system, i.e., the restored image, is shown in fig. 4(c), and the residual image between the restored image after imaging and the original target image is shown in fig. 4 (d). According to simulation results, the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of the image is 0.078, the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) is 21.07dB, and the imaging quality is good.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The novel segmented planar photoelectric imaging system comprises a micro-lens array and is characterized in that the micro-lens array is designed by sequentially and alternately and uniformly arranging interference arms formed by closely arranging even-numbered micro-lenses and interference arms formed by closely arranging odd-numbered micro-lenses, the length difference of any two adjacent interference arms is the diameter of a single micro-lens, and the base line pairing mode of each interference arm adopts an end-to-end pairing method.
2. The novel segmented planar optoelectronic imaging system of claim 1, wherein said microlens array comprises a total number of interference arms of 37.
3. The novel segmented planar photoelectric imaging system of claim 1 or 2, wherein any two adjacent interference arms respectively comprise 137 microlenses and 138 microlenses.
4. The novel segmented planar photoelectric imaging system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the diameter of each microlens is 1 mm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115097554A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-23 | 电子科技大学 | Micro lens array, sectional type plane imaging system and imaging method thereof |
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| CN1924633A (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2007-03-07 | 浙江大学 | Digital micro-lens components based interference-free parallel OCT imaging method and system |
| CN207528938U (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-06-22 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | A kind of compact rectangular aperture arrangement |
| CN111182179A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-05-19 | 浙江大学 | Segmented plane scout imaging system and method with odd-even lens linear arrays alternately distributed |
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- 2021-01-11 CN CN202110030260.3A patent/CN112859211A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1924633A (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2007-03-07 | 浙江大学 | Digital micro-lens components based interference-free parallel OCT imaging method and system |
| CN207528938U (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-06-22 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | A kind of compact rectangular aperture arrangement |
| CN111182179A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-05-19 | 浙江大学 | Segmented plane scout imaging system and method with odd-even lens linear arrays alternately distributed |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115097554A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-23 | 电子科技大学 | Micro lens array, sectional type plane imaging system and imaging method thereof |
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