CN115097554A - Micro lens array, sectional type plane imaging system and imaging method thereof - Google Patents
Micro lens array, sectional type plane imaging system and imaging method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115097554A CN115097554A CN202210799759.5A CN202210799759A CN115097554A CN 115097554 A CN115097554 A CN 115097554A CN 202210799759 A CN202210799759 A CN 202210799759A CN 115097554 A CN115097554 A CN 115097554A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
- G02B3/0043—Inhomogeneous or irregular arrays, e.g. varying shape, size, height
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
- G02B3/0056—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along two different directions in a plane, e.g. honeycomb arrangement of lenses
Abstract
The invention discloses a micro-lens array, a sectional type plane imaging system and an imaging method thereof, relates to the technical field of photoelectric detection, and solves the problems that the maximum base line length of the conventional sectional type plane imaging system is short, high-frequency information is seriously lost, and the imaging quality of a target is seriously influenced, and the technical scheme has the key points that: the system comprises a lens array, a photonic integrated circuit and an image processing module. According to the invention, each column of lenses of the lens array is divided into a long arm part and a short arm part, the lenses in the long arm part are divided into a third part and a second part, the short arm part is the first part, and the lenses in the second part can form a lens pair with the lenses in the third part or a lens pair with the lenses in the first part, so that the problems of short base line and low high-frequency sampling coverage rate of the conventional sectional type plane imaging system are optimized, and the imaging quality of the sectional type plane imaging system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric detection, in particular to a micro-lens array, a sectional type plane imaging system and an imaging method thereof.
Background
With the increasing requirement for the resolution of the spatial optical detection system, the traditional optical imaging detection system has the disadvantages of heavy weight, large size and high power consumption due to structural limitations, and thus people are forced to find a new development direction. The existing sectional type plane imaging system is a novel calculation imaging system combining an optical synthetic aperture technology and a photonic integrated circuit technology, and the system acquires spatial frequency information of an observation target and obtains light intensity distribution of the target through inverse Fourier transform. The micro-lens array (array formed by lenses with micron-sized clear aperture and relief depth) is adopted to replace the traditional large-aperture optical lens, so that the system size is greatly reduced, and a research thought is provided for miniaturization, light weight and low power consumption of a high-resolution spatial optical detection system.
The resolution of the sectional type plane imaging system is determined by the length of a base line formed by the lens pairs, but is limited by the structure of the micro-lens array, and the conventional sectional type plane imaging system has short maximum base line length, serious high-frequency information loss and serious influence on the imaging quality of a target.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a micro-lens array, a sectional type plane imaging system and an imaging method thereof, which achieve the aims of increasing the length of the longest base line, improving the high-frequency information sampling rate and optimizing the target imaging quality by improving the planar structure of the micro-lens array.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a microlens array, comprising: a lens for receiving incident light; a short arm comprising M lenses and arranged linearly in sequence; a long arm comprising N lenses and arranged linearly in sequence; the short arm and the long arm which are oppositely arranged form an arm pair; the arm pairs are annularly arranged around the center of the micro lens array, so that the long arms and the short arms of the arm pairs are respectively positioned on two sides of the center of the micro lens array; wherein, in the direction around the central ring of the micro-lens array, the long arms and the short arms are alternately arranged in the micro-lens array.
Furthermore, the number N of the long arms is 2M, and M is more than or equal to 4.
Further, the length of a gap between the middle long arm and the short arm of the arm pair is 2M lenses.
A segmented planar imaging system comprising said one microlens array:
the photonic integrated circuit is connected with the micro lens array and used for generating intensity information of complex coherent light after acquiring incident light received by the micro lens array;
and the image processing module is connected with the photonic integrated circuit and is used for generating a reconstructed image after acquiring the intensity information of the complex coherent light.
Furthermore, the photonic integrated circuit comprises a waveguide transmission line, a controllable switch, an array waveguide grating and a balanced four-orthogonal detector which are connected in sequence;
wherein the waveguide transmission line is connected with the microlens array;
and the balanced four-orthogonal detector is connected with the image processing module.
Further, the waveguide transmission line is connected with the lens;
and the waveguide transmission lines, the lenses, the controllable switches and the array waveguide gratings are in one-to-one correspondence in number.
Further, the lens on the arm pair includes a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion;
the lens on the short arm is a first part;
the lens on the long arm is divided into a second part and a third part along the symmetry axis of the long arm;
the first part of lenses and the third part of lenses are symmetrical to two sides of the center of the micro lens array.
Further, when the controllable switch behind the first part of lenses is in an open state, and the switches behind the second part of lenses and the third part of lenses are in a closed state, a group of baselines are formed between two lenses which are symmetrical about the long-arm symmetry axis in the second part of lenses and the third part of lenses;
and when the controllable switch behind the third part of lenses is in an off state, and the switches behind the first part of lenses and the second part of lenses are in an on state, a group of baselines are formed between the two lenses which are in central symmetry with respect to the long arm and short arm gaps in the first part and the second part.
A sectional plane imaging method adopts the sectional plane imaging system, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring incident light received by the micro lens array and generating intensity information of complex coherent light;
generating amplitude and phase information corresponding to the intensity information of the complex coherent light based on the intensity information of the complex coherent light;
combining the amplitude and phase information of the complex coherent light to obtain a target spectrogram;
and carrying out image reconstruction on the target spectrogram to obtain a reconstructed image.
Further, the process of acquiring the incident light received by the microlens array is specifically as follows:
acquiring first incident light received by a lens on the middle-long arm by the arm;
acquiring second incident light received by a lens of which the long arm and the short arm in the arm pair form a symmetrical structure with respect to the center of the gap between the long arm and the short arm;
the first incident light and the second incident light of all the arm pairs in the micro lens array form incident light received by the micro lens array.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
a micro-lens array comprises lenses and an arm pair, wherein the arm pair is composed of a long arm and a short arm, the short arm is formed by sequentially and linearly arranging M lenses, the long arm is formed by sequentially and linearly arranging N lenses, the arm pair is arranged along the radial direction of the micro-lens array, the long arm and the short arm of the arm pair are respectively positioned at two sides of the center of the micro-lens array, and the long arm and the short arm in the micro-lens array are alternately arranged. By improving the structure of the micro-lens array plane, the aims of increasing the length of the longest base line, improving the sampling rate of high-frequency information and optimizing the target imaging quality are fulfilled.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art microlens array structure for a segmented planar imaging system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a microlens array structure according to this embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a reconstructed image of a simulation of a prior art segmented planar imaging system;
FIG. 4 is a reconstructed view of a simulation of a segmented planar imaging system provided in the present embodiment;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a sectional type planar imaging system according to this embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Example (b): a microlens array, a sectional type planar imaging system and an imaging method thereof.
A microlens array, comprising: a lens for receiving incident light; a short arm comprising M lenses and arranged linearly in sequence; a long arm comprising N lenses and arranged linearly in sequence; the short arm and the long arm which are oppositely arranged form an arm pair; the arm pairs are annularly arranged around the center of the micro lens array, so that the long arms and the short arms of the arm pairs are respectively positioned on two sides of the center of the micro lens array; wherein, in the direction around the central ring of the micro-lens array, the long arms and the short arms are alternately arranged in the micro-lens array. The number N of the long arms is 2M, M is more than or equal to 4, and the length of a gap between the long arm and the short arm in the arm pair is 2M lenses. The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the lenses in the micro lens array are distributed in a polar coordinate mode, one of the lenses is in a row with the diameter, the other lens is in a L row, the L arm pairs correspond to the lenses in the L rows, and the lenses in each row with the circle center as a demarcation point are divided into two parts, wherein one part comprises M lenses and is called a short arm, and the other part comprises 2M lenses and is called a long arm; l is an integer greater than 1, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 4. The long arm and the short arm in each row of lenses are respectively arranged at two sides of the center, the M lenses in the short arms are compactly arranged without clearance, the 2M lenses in the long arms are compactly arranged without clearance, and the length of the clearance between the short arms and the long arms is 2M lenses.
As shown in fig. 5, this embodiment further provides a segmented planar imaging system, which employs the above-mentioned microlens array, and further includes a photonic integrated circuit, where the photonic integrated circuit is connected to the microlens array, and is configured to obtain intensity information of the complex coherent light after the incident light received by the microlens array is obtained; and the image processing module is connected with the photonic integrated circuit and is used for generating a reconstructed image after acquiring the intensity information of the complex coherent light. The photonic integrated circuit comprises a waveguide transmission line, a controllable switch, an array waveguide grating and a balanced four-orthogonal detector which are connected in sequence; wherein the waveguide transmission line is connected with the microlens array; and the balanced four-orthogonal detector is connected with the image processing module. The waveguide transmission lines are connected with the lenses, and the waveguide transmission lines, the lenses, the controllable switches and the array waveguide gratings are in one-to-one correspondence in number. The lens on the arm pair comprises a first portion, a second portion and a third portion; the lens on the short arm is a first part; the lens on the long arm is divided into a second part and a third part along the symmetrical axis of the long arm; the first part of lenses and the third part of lenses are symmetrical to two sides of the center of the micro lens array. When the controllable switch behind the first part of lenses is in an open state, and the switches behind the second part of lenses and the third part of lenses are in a closed state, a group of baselines are formed between the two lenses which are symmetrical about the long arm symmetry axis in the second part of lenses and the third part of lenses; when the controllable switch behind the third part of lenses is in an off state and the switches behind the first part of lenses and the second part of lenses are in an on state, a group of baselines are formed between two lenses which are in the first part and the second part and are symmetrical with respect to the long arm and short arm gap center. The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the photonic integrated circuit comprises 3M × L waveguide transmission lines, 3M × L controllable switches, 3M × L arrayed waveguide gratings and a plurality of balanced quad-quadrature detectors; the 3M L lenses are connected with 3M L waveguide transmission lines in a one-to-one correspondence mode, namely one lens is connected with one waveguide transmission line; a switch capable of regulating and controlling the on-off of the waveguide is arranged behind the waveguide transmission line; the controllable switch is connected with the array waveguide grating; the array waveguide grating is connected with a plurality of balanced four-orthogonal detectors; and the balanced four-orthogonal detector is connected with the image processing module. Each column of lenses is connected to a controllable switch one by one through a waveguide transmission line, a long arm in each column of lenses is divided into a second part and a third part, a short arm is divided into a first part, when the switch behind the second part and the third part is closed and the switch behind the first part is opened, two lenses symmetrical about the center of the long arm in the second part and the third part form a group of baselines, M groups of baselines can be formed, and when the switch behind the first part and the second part is closed and the switch behind the third part is opened, two lenses symmetrical about the center of a gap between the long arm and the short arm in the first part and the second part form a group of baselines, M groups of baselines can be formed. The photonic integrated circuit corresponding to each column of lenses is provided with 3M arrayed waveguide gratings and M × M balanced four-orthogonal detectors, each lens in the second part and the corresponding lens forming a base line with the first part and the second part in the third part are connected to the M balanced four-orthogonal detectors through waveguide transmission lines, controllable switches and the arrayed waveguide gratings, and the balanced four-orthogonal detectors are connected with the image processing module.
The embodiment further provides a sectional type plane imaging method, and the sectional type plane imaging system adopting the sectional type plane imaging method comprises the following steps: acquiring incident light received by the micro lens array and generating intensity information of complex coherent light; generating amplitude and phase information corresponding to the intensity information of the complex coherent light based on the intensity information of the complex coherent light; combining the amplitude and phase information of the complex coherent light to obtain a target spectrogram; and carrying out image reconstruction on the target spectrogram to obtain a reconstructed image. The process of acquiring the incident light received by the microlens array specifically includes: acquiring first incident light received by a lens on the middle-long arm by the arm; acquiring second incident light received by a lens of which the long arm and the short arm in the arm pair form a symmetrical structure with respect to the center of the gap between the long arm and the short arm; the first incident light and the second incident light of all the arm pairs in the micro lens array form incident light received by the micro lens array. The specific implementation mode is as follows:
firstly, all the controllable switches behind the lenses of the third part and the second part in each row are closed, and the controllable switches behind the lenses of the first part are opened; incident light received by the lenses of the third part and the second part enters the balanced four-orthogonal detector through the waveguide transmission line, the controllable switch and the arrayed waveguide grating to obtain intensity information of the complex coherent light; the image processing module processes the intensity information of the complex phase coherent light obtained by the balanced four-orthogonal detector into amplitude and phase information and stores the amplitude and phase information; the controllable switch behind the third part of the lens in each column is switched off, and the controllable switches behind the second part of the lens and the first part of the lens are switched on; incident light received by the second part and the first part of the lenses enters a balanced four-orthogonal detector through the waveguide transmission line, the controllable switch and the arrayed waveguide grating to obtain intensity information of complex coherent light; the image processing module processes the intensity information of the complex phase dry light obtained by the balanced four-orthogonal detector into amplitude and phase information and stores the amplitude and phase information; and the image processing module combines the amplitude and phase information of all the complex coherent light to obtain a target spectrogram, and finally completes image reconstruction through inverse Fourier transform.
Fig. 1 shows a microlens array used in a conventional segmented planar imaging system, which has fewer lenses on a single interference arm, and limits the number of baselines and the high frequency sampling rate. Fig. 2 shows a microlens array according to the present embodiment, the microlens array is distributed in polar coordinates, the lenses on each row are divided into a long arm and a short arm with the center of a circle as the center, the lenses in the long arm are divided into a third part and a second part, and the short arm is the first part; each lens is connected to a controllable switch one by one through a waveguide transmission line, when the switch behind the third part and the second part is closed and the switch behind the first part is opened, two lenses which are symmetrical about the center of the long arm in the third part and the second part form a group of baselines which can form M groups of baselines, and when the switch behind the second part and the first part is closed and the switch behind the third part is opened, two lenses which are symmetrical about the center of the gap between the long arm and the short arm in the second part and the first part form a group of baselines which can form M groups of baselines; each lens in the second part and the corresponding lens of the third part and the second part which form a base line in the first part are connected to the m balanced four-orthogonal detectors through the waveguide transmission line, the controllable switch and the arrayed waveguide grating.
Wherein, the parameters of the existing sectional planar imaging system and the sectional planar imaging system provided in the embodiment are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Sectional type plane imaging system and sectional type plane imaging system provided in the embodiment
Shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
The reconstruction of the simulation of the existing segmented planar imaging system is shown in fig. 3, and the reconstruction of the simulation of the segmented planar imaging system provided in the present embodiment is shown in fig. 4. In conclusion, the sectional planar imaging system provided in the embodiment can acquire more high-frequency information, so that compared with the conventional sectional planar imaging system, the PSNR and the SSIM are both improved, and the image reconstruction effect is better.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A microlens array, comprising:
a lens for receiving incident light;
a short arm comprising M lenses and arranged linearly in sequence;
a long arm comprising N lenses and arranged linearly in sequence;
the short arm and the long arm which are oppositely arranged form an arm pair; the arm pairs are annularly arranged around the center of the micro-lens array, so that the long arms and the short arms of the arm pairs are respectively positioned at two sides of the center of the micro-lens array;
wherein, in the direction around the central ring of the micro-lens array, the long arms and the short arms are alternately arranged in the micro-lens array.
2. A microlens array as in claim 1, wherein:
the number N of the long arms is 2M, and M is more than or equal to 4.
3. A microlens array as in claim 2, wherein:
the length of the gap between the long arm and the short arm in the arm pair is 2M lenses.
4. A segmented planar imaging system comprising a microlens array according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
the photonic integrated circuit is connected with the micro lens array and used for generating intensity information of complex coherent light after acquiring incident light received by the micro lens array;
and the image processing module is connected with the photonic integrated circuit and is used for generating a reconstructed image after acquiring the intensity information of the complex coherent light.
5. A segmented planar imaging system according to claim 4, wherein:
the photonic integrated circuit comprises a waveguide transmission line, a controllable switch, an array waveguide grating and a balanced four-orthogonal detector which are connected in sequence;
wherein the waveguide transmission line is connected with the microlens array;
and the balanced four-orthogonal detector is connected with the image processing module.
6. A segmented planar imaging system according to claim 5, wherein:
the waveguide transmission line is connected with the lens;
and the waveguide transmission lines, the lenses, the controllable switches and the array waveguide gratings are in one-to-one correspondence in number.
7. A segmented planar imaging system according to claim 6, wherein:
the lens on the pair of arms includes a first portion, a second portion, and a third portion;
the lens on the short arm is a first part;
the lens on the long arm is divided into a second part and a third part along the symmetrical axis of the long arm;
the first part of lenses and the third part of lenses are symmetrical to two sides of the center of the micro lens array.
8. A segmented planar imaging system as claimed in claim 7, wherein:
when the controllable switch behind the first part of lenses is in an open state, and the switches behind the second part of lenses and the third part of lenses are in a closed state, a group of baselines are formed between the two lenses which are symmetrical about the long arm symmetry axis in the second part of lenses and the third part of lenses;
when the controllable switch behind the third part of lenses is in an off state and the switches behind the first part of lenses and the second part of lenses are in an on state, a group of baselines are formed between two lenses which are in the first part and the second part and are symmetrical with respect to the long arm and short arm gap center.
9. A sectional plane imaging method, wherein a sectional plane imaging system according to claim 4 is used, comprising the steps of:
acquiring incident light received by the micro lens array and generating intensity information of complex coherent light;
generating amplitude and phase information corresponding to the intensity information of the complex coherent light based on the intensity information of the complex coherent light;
combining the amplitude and phase information of the complex coherent light to obtain a target spectrogram;
and carrying out image reconstruction on the target spectrogram to obtain a reconstructed image.
10. The sectional planar imaging method according to claim 9, wherein the incident light received by the microlens array is obtained by:
acquiring first incident light received by a lens on the middle-long arm by the arm;
acquiring second incident light received by a lens of which the long arm and the short arm in the arm pair form a symmetrical structure with respect to the center of the gap between the long arm and the short arm;
the first incident light and the second incident light of all the arm pairs in the micro lens array form incident light received by the micro lens array.
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| CN116840948A (en) * | 2022-11-26 | 2023-10-03 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Optical lens, photoplethysmograph and electronic device |
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