CN207528938U - A kind of compact rectangular aperture arrangement - Google Patents
A kind of compact rectangular aperture arrangement Download PDFInfo
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- CN207528938U CN207528938U CN201721376142.3U CN201721376142U CN207528938U CN 207528938 U CN207528938 U CN 207528938U CN 201721376142 U CN201721376142 U CN 201721376142U CN 207528938 U CN207528938 U CN 207528938U
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Abstract
This patent discloses a kind of compact rectangular aperture arrangement.This patent uses the square formation that clear aperature is (2N+1) × (2N+1) for round or rectangular lens ordered arrangement, wherein, N is non-zero positive integer, using center lens as origin, using the ranks direction of parallel array as reference axis, coordinate system is established；The spacing of any two adjacent lens along change in coordinate axis direction is the minimum baseline length B in aperture pair in rectangular aperture arraymin, sampling fundamental frequency is f0And (2N+1) × (2N+1) square formations are divided into four array quadrants of the size for (N+1) × (N+1), (N+1) × N, N × (N+1), N × N, it enables in each quadrant array and is paired as aperture pair about the symmetrical lens of quadrant geometric center.These apertures are to object space target acquisition, realizing from (0,0) to (Nf0, Nf0) whole integers acquisitions in continuous space frequency range, continuous and irredundant space frequency cover is obtained, improves the image quality of target.
Description
Technical field
This patent belongs to photodetection field.The aperture arrangement of " spider net type " detection imaging technology has system working performance
It has a major impact.This patent proposes a kind of aperture arrangement, is detected for " spider net type " aiming at " spider net type " detection imaging technology
Image-forming instrument design uses.
Background technology
Big, the quality weight for traditional telescope size assembles the limitation of transport difficult, Lockheed Martins in 2012
Company proposes a kind of sectional type plane photodetection imaging technique (SPIDER, Segmented based on interference imaging technology
Planar Imaging Detector for Electro-optical Reconnaissance), the technology be based on interference into
As principle, different from big and bulky lens in traditional telescope, it collects light using thousands of lens arrays, utilizes photon collection
Lens array and waveguide array are integrated in substrate into technology, i.e., by thousands of interference telescope array micros in a chip
On.The technology concentrates optics, processing system and reading circuit on a single die, and size, quality and power consumption are than tradition
Even hundred times of small ten times of telescope.
At present, according to document it is found that SPIDER imaging systems structure includes interferometer microlens array, microlens array branch
Fagging, inside and outside dress school benchmark cylinder, silicon-based photonics integration circuit, support plate etc., wherein interferometer microlens array
For collecting light, interfere between realization optical waveguide, be the core component of imaging system, Lockheed Martin Corporation proposes to use
A kind of structure of gear shape, arrangement figure are as shown in Figure 3.
This kind of arrangement mode, including m " tooth arm ", 360 degree uniformly distributed, and the aperture of each " tooth arm " is to all same of arranging, phase
The minimum spacing in adjacent aperture is Bmin, and the baseline length in " tooth arm " all apertures pair is Bi=nBmin, and n is i-th pair aperture pair
Between aperture number.The spatial sampling frequencies to determinand that multi-arm is formed cover (u, v), wherein, u=Bicos (j
360/m)/(λ z), v=Bisin (j360/m)/(λ z), wherein, j is j-th " tooth arm ", and λ is operation wavelength, and z is object
Away from.Since cos (j360/m)/(λ z) and sin (j360/m)/(λ z) are non-integer, (u, v) is not in some spatial frequency domain
In the range of continuous integral number covering, as shown in Figure 3.
The arrangement mode of gear shape, there are the following problems：
1) low space utilization, there are gaps between interfere arm and interfere arm, invisible to cause space waste.Space optics
Remote sensing instrument requires small in volume, particularly micro-nano satellite, therefore, certain mode is taken to efficiently use space, reduces empty
Between waste it is particularly significant.
2) spatial sampling frequencies are unevenly distributed or even will appear redundancy or missing in some band limits, to image
There is certain influence in inverting quality.Picture quality is the important evaluation index of optical detection image camera, and promoting picture quality is
The target that optical detection Image-forming instrument optimizes and promoted, therefore, aperture arrangement principle and target are exactly under the conditions of limited resources
The picture quality of improving optical detection imaging.
3) zero-frequency that system lacks the spatial frequency domain sampling of determinand samples, that is, lacks to the radiance of determinand
Sampling influences the radiation calibration of system.
More than reason is based on, this patent proposes a kind of lens arrangement mode of rectangle, solves the problems, such as above.
Invention content
Lockheed Corp. in 2012 proposes a kind of sectional type plane photodetection based on interference imaging technology
Imaging technique (SPIDER, Segmented Planar Imaging Detector for Electro-optical
Reconnaissance).The operation principle of the photoelectric detecting system is based on Van Cittert-Zernike theorems, utilizes collection
The detection of the coherent coefficient of different space frequency is carried out into optical thousands of lens and orthocoupler, and then by Fu
Leaf inverse transformation obtains the image of target.Spacing between different lens pair (Δ x, Δ y), then spatial sampling frequenciesI.e. the work baseline length of the lens pair of system determines object space frequency, system aperture arrangement feelings
Condition determines the sampling situations to object space frequency, and then influences the image quality of target in inverse Fourier transform.
This patent uses compact rectangular aperture arrangement mode, 4 square formations that rectangular aperture is divided into, respective square formation mesoporous
Diameter carry out central symmetry pairing, so as to fulfill in some continuous space frequency range space frequency cover sample, through Fourier
Inverse transformation obtains target image.
Aperture arrangement mode is as follows：
By a lens of (2N+1) × (2N+1) with lens square formation close-packed arrays, wherein, N is non-zero positive integer, such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, and using center lens as origin, using the ranks direction of parallel array as reference axis, establish coordinate system xoy, arbitrary neighborhood lens
Between along being divided into B between change in coordinate axis directionmin.Square formation is divided into size for (N+1) × (N+1), (N+1) × N, N × (N+1), N
Tetra- sub- square formations of × N, are denoted as array quadrant I, II, III, IV.By the lens in four array quadrants with the geometric center of the quadrant
Aperture pairing is carried out for symmetrical centre, each pair of lens form a baseline, and the baseline length of the baseline along change in coordinate axis direction is Δ x
=iBmin, Δ y=jBmin.Arbitrary baseline vector length is different in four quadrants according to the situation of pairing, then right
The sampling of object space frequency is different.As shown in Figure 1.
1.N is odd number
1) i is odd number
(1) when j is odd number, aperture is located at the second quadrant to lens L1 and lens L2, and coordinate is respectively
(2) when j is even number, aperture is located at third quadrant to lens L1 and lens L2, and coordinate is respectively
(3) i is even number
(4) when j is odd number, aperture is located at first quartile to lens L1 and lens L2, and coordinate is respectively
(5)
(6) when j is even number, aperture is located at fourth quadrant to lens L1 and lens L2, and coordinate is respectively
(7)
(8) N is even number
(9) i is odd number
(10) when j is odd number, aperture is located at fourth quadrant to lens L1 and lens L2, and coordinate is respectively
(11)
(12) when j is even number, aperture is located at first quartile to lens L1 and lens L2, and coordinate is respectively
(13)
(14) i is even number
(15) when j is odd number, aperture is located at third quadrant to lens L1 and lens L2, and coordinate is respectively
(16)
(17) when j is even number, aperture is located at the second quadrant to lens L1 and lens L2, and coordinate is respectively
(18)
(19) it can be seen that above-mentioned aperture arrangement realizes (u, v) from (0,0) to (Nf0, Nf0) in the range of complete connect
Continuous integer covering, wherein,N values size depending on the spatial sampling highest frequency of system, frequency than it is relatively low when,
N values can be between 1~20, when frequency requirement is higher, and value is more than the number of 20, even up to hundred, thousand or bigger
Value.
(20) Fig. 2 is system correlation sampling principle schematic.Light beam collects light by lens square formation, couples the light into wave
It leads in array, the corresponding waveguide of two beams is coupled into 90 degree of frequency mixers according to pairing lens and is interfered, for detecting zero-frequency
The light that will be coupled into a waveguide of lens g be divided into two beams and input 90 degree of frequency mixers and interfered, wherein 90 degree of frequency mixers are
It is made of four three-dB couplers, by difference opto-electronic conversion, with phase and orthogonal luminous intensity I and Q after being interfered, passes through I, Q
The light intensity and phase difference of the two-beam of input waveguide are demodulated, so as to obtain frequency spectrum of the target after the transformation of lens sampled Fourier
Value and phase, target imaging is obtained through inverse Fourier transform.
(21) aperture arrangement has the characteristics that：
(22) adjacent lens aperture is Bmin to the baseline length along coordinate system direction, and the spatial frequency that system detects is
Fundamental frequency
(23) in the square formation of N × N (the IVth quadrant), center utilizes the simple lens to receive at lens aperture center
Light splitting is relevant again after light, realizes zero-frequency sampling, as shown in Figure 2.
(24) aperture pair spacing (Δ x, Δ y), wherein, Δ x=iBmin, Δ y=jBmin, i and j are along coordinate
In the orthogonal both direction of axis aperture to centre-to-centre spacing corresponding lens number, then lens square formation may detect object space frequency (u,
V), wherein, | u |≤Nf0, | v |≤Nf0, that is, (0,0) is realized to (Nf0, Nf0) frequency all standing.
1) aperture arrangement is close, and space is efficiently used.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1：Imaging system aperture arrangement schematic diagram.
Fig. 2：Imaging system operation principle schematic diagram.
Fig. 3：Gear shape aperture arrangement schematic diagram.
Fig. 4：Corresponding (u, the v) coverage condition of gear shape arrangement mode, spatial frequency sampling are discontinuous.
Fig. 5：Corresponding (u, the v) coverage condition of rectanglar arrangement mode, spatial frequency sampling are continuous.
Fig. 6：Emulate artwork.
Fig. 7：" spider net type " detection imaging system correlation sampling of the artwork through gear shape arrangement mode is emulated, and through in inverse Fu
The image effect that leaf transformation inverting obtains.
Fig. 8：" spider net type " detection imaging system correlation sampling of the artwork through rectanglar arrangement mode is emulated, and through inverse Fourier
The image effect that transformation inverting obtains.
Specific embodiment
For certain application demand, " spider net type " detection imaging system is designed, is arranged when using gear shape as shown in Figure 3
Mode, systematic parameter is as shown in the table, which includes 37 × 12 × 2=888 lens.The imaging system low frequency part exists
Larger redundancy, and spatial frequency sampling in a certain range is discontinuous, as shown in Figure 4.The system is former to emulation shown in fig. 6
Figure progress correlation sampling, then the image effect through inverse Fourier transform inverting are as shown in Figure 7.
Table 1：Gear shape arrangement " spider net type " detection imaging system
" spider net type " detection imaging system of substantially comparable aperture logarithm is used with above system, use is shown in FIG. 1
Rectanglar arrangement mode, systematic parameter is as shown in the table, which includes 29 × 29=841 lens, i.e. (2N+1) × (2N+1)
Square formation N be equal to 14.The imaging system is in (0,0) to (14f0, 14f0) in the range of complete the spatial frequency of continuous integral number times and adopt
Sample, as shown in Figure 4.The system carries out correlation sampling, then the image through inverse Fourier transform inverting to emulation artwork shown in fig. 6
Effect is as shown in Figure 8.
Table 2：Rectanglar arrangement " spider net type " detection imaging system
The image effect of comparison diagram 7 and Fig. 8, it is seen that when logarithm is suitable in aperture, visited using " spider net type " of rectanglar arrangement
The image quality for surveying imaging system is better than gear shape arrangement mode.System light hole diametric plane in more above-mentioned Tables 1 and 2 is big
It is small, it is seen then that the system light hole diametric plane using " spider net type " detection imaging system of rectanglar arrangement is less than gear shape arrangement mode.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of compact rectangular aperture arrangement, it is characterised in that：
Clear aperature is the square formation that round or rectangular lens ordered arrangement is (2N+1) × (2N+1), wherein, N is just whole for non-zero
Number, and using center lens as origin, using the ranks direction of parallel array as reference axis, establish coordinate system；In rectangular aperture array
The spacing of any two adjacent lens along change in coordinate axis direction is the minimum baseline length B in aperture pairmin；
(2N+1) that is made of lens array × (2N+1) square formations are divided into size for (N+1) × (N+1), (N+1) × N, N × (N
+ 1), four array quadrants of N × N, using in array in each quadrant about the symmetrical lens of quadrant geometric center as pairing
Aperture pair.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112859211A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-28 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Novel block-type planar photoelectric imaging system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112859211A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-28 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Novel block-type planar photoelectric imaging system |
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