CN107748397A - A kind of method of sampling of compact rectangular aperture arrangement and object space frequency - Google Patents
A kind of method of sampling of compact rectangular aperture arrangement and object space frequency Download PDFInfo
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- CN107748397A CN107748397A CN201711000143.2A CN201711000143A CN107748397A CN 107748397 A CN107748397 A CN 107748397A CN 201711000143 A CN201711000143 A CN 201711000143A CN 107748397 A CN107748397 A CN 107748397A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses the method for sampling of a kind of compact rectangular aperture arrangement and object space frequency.The present invention uses compact rectangular aperture arrangement mode, 4 square formations that rectangular aperture is divided into, aperture carries out Central Symmetry pairing in respective square formation, and so as to realize the spatial frequency continuous integral number covering sampling in some spatial frequency range, target image is obtained through inverse Fourier transform.The aperture arrangement mode may be implemented in some continuous space frequency range and all gather, and obtain continuous and irredundant space frequency cover, improve the image quality of target.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to photodetection field.The aperture arrangement of " spider net type " detection imaging technology has to system service behaviour
Have a major impact.The present invention proposes a kind of aperture arrangement, detected for " spider net type " aiming at " spider net type " detection imaging technology
Image-forming instrument design uses.
Background technology
Big, the quality weight for traditional telescope size, assemble the limitation of transport difficult, Lockheed Martins in 2012
Company proposes a kind of sectional type plane photodetection imaging technique (SPIDER, Segmented based on interference imaging technology
Planar Imaging Detector for Electro-optical Reconnaissance), the technology be based on interference into
As principle, different from big and bulky lens in traditional telescope, it collects light using thousands of lens arrays, utilizes photon collection
Lens array and waveguide array are integrated in substrate into technology, i.e., by thousands of interference telescope array micros in a chip
On.The technology concentrates optics, processing system and reading circuit on a single die, and its size, quality and power consumption are than tradition
Even hundred times of small ten times of telescope.
At present, it can be seen from document, SPIDER imaging systems structure includes interferometer microlens array, microlens array branch
Fagging, inside and outside dress school benchmark cylinder, silicon-based photonics integration circuit, supporting plate etc., wherein interferometer microlens array
For collecting light, realize and interfere between fiber waveguide, be the core component of imaging system, Lockheed Martin Corporation proposes to use
A kind of structure of gear shape, arrangement figure are as shown in Figure 3.
This kind of arrangement mode, including m " tooth arm ", 360 degree uniform, and the aperture of each " tooth arm " is to all same of arranging, phase
The minimum spacing in adjacent aperture is Bmin, and the baseline length in " tooth arm " all apertures pair is Bi=nBmin, and n is i-th pair aperture pair
Between aperture number.The spatial sampling frequencies to determinand that multi-arm is formed cover (u, v), wherein, u=Bicos (j
360/m)/(λ z), v=Bisin (j360/m)/(λ z), wherein, j is j-th " tooth arm ", and λ is operation wavelength, and z is thing
Away from.Because cos (j360/m)/(λ z) and sin (j360/m)/(λ z) are non-integer, (u, v) is not in some spatial frequency domain
In the range of continuous integral number covering, as shown in Figure 3.
The arrangement mode of gear shape, there are the following problems：
1) low space utilization, gap between interfere arm and interfere arm be present, it is invisible to cause space waste.Space optics
Remote sensing instrument requires small in volume, particularly micro-nano satellite, therefore, takes the effective utilization space of certain mode, reduces empty
Between waste it is particularly significant.
2) spatial sampling frequencies skewness in some band limits, or even redundancy or missing occurs, to image
Certain influence be present in inverting quality.Picture quality is the important evaluation index of optical detection image camera, and lifting picture quality is
Optical detection Image-forming instrument optimizes and the target of lifting, and therefore, aperture arrangement principle and target are exactly under the conditions of limited resources
The picture quality of improving optical detection imaging.
3) zero-frequency that spatial frequency domain sampling of the system to determinand lacks samples, that is, lacks to the radiance of determinand
Sampling, influence the radiation calibration of system.
Based on above reason, the present invention proposes a kind of lens arrangement mode of rectangle, solves as above problem.
The content of the invention
Lockheed Corp. in 2012 proposes a kind of sectional type plane photodetection based on interference imaging technology
Imaging technique (SPIDER, Segmented Planar Imaging Detector for Electro-optical
Reconnaissance).The operation principle of the Photodetection system is to be based on Van Cittert-Zernike theorems, utilizes collection
The detection of the coherent coefficient of different space frequency is carried out into optical thousands of lens and orthocoupler, and then by Fu
Leaf inverse transformation obtains the image of target.Spacing between different lens pair (Δ x, Δ y), then spatial sampling frequenciesI.e. the work baseline length of the lens pair of system determines object space frequency, system aperture arrangement feelings
Condition determines the sampling situations to object space frequency, and then influences the image quality of target in inverse Fourier transform.
The present invention uses compact rectangular aperture arrangement mode, 4 square formations that rectangular aperture is divided into, respective square formation mesopore
Footpath carries out Central Symmetry pairing, and so as to realize, space frequency cover samples in some continuous space frequency range, through Fourier
Inverse transformation obtains target image.
Aperture arrangement mode is as follows：
By the individual lens of (2N+1) × (2N+1) with lens square formation close-packed arrays, wherein, N is non-zero positive integer, such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, and using center lens as origin, using the ranks direction of parallel array as reference axis, establish coordinate system xoy, arbitrary neighborhood lens
Between along change in coordinate axis direction at intervals of Bmin.It is (N+1) × (N+1), (N+1) × N, N × (N+1), N that square formation is divided into size
Tetra- sub- square formations of × N, are designated as array quadrant I, II, III, IV.By the lens in four array quadrants with the geometric center of the quadrant
Aperture pairing is carried out for symmetrical centre, each pair lens form a baseline, and baseline length of the baseline along change in coordinate axis direction is Δ x
=iBmin, Δ y=jBmin.Understand that any baseline vector length is different in four quadrants according to pairing situation, then it is right
The sampling of object space frequency is different.As shown in Figure 1.
1.N is odd number
1) i is odd number
(1) when j is odd number, aperture is located at the second quadrant to lens L1 and lens L2, and its coordinate is respectively
(2) when j is even number, aperture is located at third quadrant to lens L1 and lens L2, and its coordinate is respectively
(3) i is even number
(4) when j is odd number, aperture is located at first quartile to lens L1 and lens L2, and its coordinate is respectively
(5)(6) when j is even number, aperture
Fourth quadrant is located to lens L1 and lens L2, its coordinate is respectively
(7)
(8) N is even number
(9) i is odd number
(10) when j is odd number, aperture is located at fourth quadrant to lens L1 and lens L2, and its coordinate is respectively
(11)
(12) when j is even number, aperture is located at first quartile to lens L1 and lens L2, and its coordinate is respectively
(13)
(14) i is even number
(15) when j is odd number, aperture is located at third quadrant to lens L1 and lens L2, and its coordinate is respectively
(16)
(17) when j is even number, aperture is located at the second quadrant to lens L1 and lens L2, and its coordinate is respectively
(18)
(19) as can be seen here, above-mentioned aperture arrangement realizes (u, v) and arrives (Nf from (0,0)0, Nf0) in the range of complete connect
Continuous integer covering, wherein,N values size depending on the spatial sampling highest frequency of system, frequency than it is relatively low when,
N values can be between 1~20, when frequency requirement is higher, and its value is more than 20, even up to hundred, thousand or bigger number
Value.
(20) Fig. 2 is system correlation sampling principle schematic.Light beam collects light by lens square formation, couples the light into ripple
Lead in array, the waveguide according to corresponding to pairing lens by two beams, which is coupled into 90 degree of frequency mixers, to be interfered, for detecting zero-frequency
The light that will be coupled into a waveguide of lens g be divided into two beams and input 90 degree of frequency mixers and interfered, wherein 90 degree of frequency mixers are
It is made up of four three-dB couplers, by difference opto-electronic conversion, with phase and orthogonal luminous intensity I and Q after being interfered, passes through I, Q
The light intensity and phase difference of the two-beam of input waveguide are demodulated, so as to obtain frequency spectrum of the target after the conversion of lens sampled Fourier
Value and phase, target imaging is obtained through inverse Fourier transform.
(21) aperture arrangement has the characteristics that：
(22) to being Bmin along the baseline length in coordinate system direction, the spatial frequency that system detects is in adjacent lens aperture
Fundamental frequency
(23) in N × N square formation (the IVth quadrant), its center utilizes the simple lens to receive at lens aperture center
Light splitting is relevant again after light, realizes that zero-frequency samples, as shown in Figure 2.
(24) aperture pair spacing (Δ x, Δ y), wherein, Δ x=iBmin, Δ y=jBmin, i and j are along coordinate
Aperture is to lens number corresponding to centre-to-centre spacing in the orthogonal both direction of axle, then lens square formation may detect object space frequency (u,
V), wherein, | u |≤Nf0, | v |≤Nf0, that is, realize (0,0) and arrive (Nf0, Nf0) frequency all standing.
1) aperture arrangement is close, to the effective utilization in space.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：Imaging system aperture arrangement schematic diagram.
Fig. 2：Imaging system operation principle schematic diagram.
Fig. 3：Gear shape aperture arrangement schematic diagram.
Fig. 4：(u, v) coverage condition corresponding to gear shape arrangement mode, spatial frequency sampling are discontinuous.
Fig. 5：(u, v) coverage condition corresponding to rectanglar arrangement mode, spatial frequency sampling are continuous.
Fig. 6：Emulate artwork.
Fig. 7：" spider net type " detection imaging system correlation sampling of the artwork through gear shape arrangement mode is emulated, and through in inverse Fu
The image effect that leaf transformation inverting obtains.
Fig. 8：" spider net type " detection imaging system correlation sampling of the artwork through rectanglar arrangement mode is emulated, and through inverse Fourier
The image effect that conversion inverting obtains.
Embodiment
For certain application demand, " spider net type " detection imaging system is designed, is arranged when using gear shape as shown in Figure 3
Mode, systematic parameter is as shown in the table, and the system includes 37 × 12 × 2=888 lens.The imaging system low frequency part is present
Larger redundancy, and spatial frequency sampling within the specific limits is discontinuous, as shown in Figure 4.The system is former to the emulation shown in Fig. 6
Figure progress correlation sampling, then the image effect through inverse Fourier transform inverting are as shown in Figure 7.
Table 1：Gear shape arrangement " spider net type " detection imaging system
" spider net type " detection imaging system with said system using substantially suitable aperture logarithm, using shown in Fig. 1
Rectanglar arrangement mode, systematic parameter is as shown in the table, and the system includes 29 × 29=841 lens, i.e. (2N+1) × (2N+1)
Square formation N be equal to 14.The imaging system is in (0,0) to (14f0, 14f0) in the range of complete the spatial frequency of continuous integral number times and adopt
Sample, as shown in Figure 4.The system carries out correlation sampling, then the image through inverse Fourier transform inverting to the emulation artwork shown in Fig. 6
Effect is as shown in Figure 8.
Table 2：Rectanglar arrangement " spider net type " detection imaging system
The image effect of comparison diagram 7 and Fig. 8, it is seen that when logarithm is suitable in aperture, visited using " spider net type " of rectanglar arrangement
The image quality for surveying imaging system is better than gear shape arrangement mode.System light hole diametric plane in more above-mentioned Tables 1 and 2 is big
It is small, it is seen then that the system light hole diametric plane using " spider net type " detection imaging system of rectanglar arrangement is less than gear shape arrangement mode.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. compact rectangular aperture arrangement, it is characterised in that：Clear aperature is the square formation that circular or square lens ordered arrangement is (2N+1) × (2N+1), wherein, N is that non-zero is just whole Number, and using center lens as origin, using the ranks direction of parallel array as reference axis, establish coordinate system；In rectangular aperture array Spacing of any two adjacent lens along change in coordinate axis direction is the minimum baseline length B in aperture pairmin；It is (N+1) × (N+1), (N+1) × N, N × (N that (2N+1) that is made up of lens array × (2N+1) square formations are divided into size + 1), N × N four array quadrants, using in array in each quadrant on the symmetrical lens of quadrant geometric center as pairing Aperture pair.
- 2. a kind of object space frequency sampling method of the compact rectangular aperture arrangement based on claim 1, its feature It is that method is as follows：Lens are B to the minimum spacing along change in coordinate axis directionmin, then systematic sampling fundamental frequency beWherein, λ is operating wave Long, z is detection object distance；In N × N square formation, its center is at lens aperture center, using light splitting is relevant again after simple lens receipts light, reality Existing zero-frequency sampling, does the demarcation of systematic survey radiation value；Sample frequency is (u, v), wherein, u=Nf0, v=Nf0, realize that spatial frequency range (0,0) arrives (Nf0, Nf0) it is continuous whole Number covering.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN108732637A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-02 | 西安电子科技大学 | Interference formula is segmented flat panel imaging detection system |
| CN108873321A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-23 | 西安电子科技大学 | Ultra-thin high resolution flat imaging detection system based on interference |
| CN111182179A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-05-19 | 浙江大学 | Segmented plane scout imaging system and method with odd-even lens linear arrays alternately distributed |
| CN112099139A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-18 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Chessboard type imager and implementation method |
| CN112946789A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Interference flat-plate imaging system based on super lens array and photonic integrated chip |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108732637A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-02 | 西安电子科技大学 | Interference formula is segmented flat panel imaging detection system |
| CN108873321A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-23 | 西安电子科技大学 | Ultra-thin high resolution flat imaging detection system based on interference |
| CN111182179A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-05-19 | 浙江大学 | Segmented plane scout imaging system and method with odd-even lens linear arrays alternately distributed |
| CN112099139A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-18 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Chessboard type imager and implementation method |
| WO2022056756A1 (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2022-03-24 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Checkerboard imager and implementation method |
| CN112099139B (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2022-07-29 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Chessboard type imager and implementation method |
| CN112946789A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Interference flat-plate imaging system based on super lens array and photonic integrated chip |
| CN113433688A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-09-24 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Interference imaging method and system based on micro-lens array and photonic integrated chip |
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