CN112857467A - Canyon tunnel group pollutant cross flow measuring system capable of adjusting wind temperature and humidity - Google Patents
Canyon tunnel group pollutant cross flow measuring system capable of adjusting wind temperature and humidity Download PDFInfo
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- CN112857467A CN112857467A CN202110256594.2A CN202110256594A CN112857467A CN 112857467 A CN112857467 A CN 112857467A CN 202110256594 A CN202110256594 A CN 202110256594A CN 112857467 A CN112857467 A CN 112857467A
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- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B11/00—Automatic controllers
- G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
- G05B11/36—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
- G05B11/42—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P. I., P. I. D.
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Abstract
The invention discloses a canyon tunnel group pollutant cross flow measuring system capable of adjusting wind temperature and humidity, which comprises a main tunnel group built by fireproof plates and a mountain canyon environment simulated by a fireproof heat-insulating shed; the device comprises a main tunnel group, a canyon wind simulation device, an experiment trolley and a multifunctional environment detector, wherein the adjusting device is arranged below the main tunnel group, the canyon wind simulation device capable of adjusting wind temperature and environment humidity is arranged on one side of a road of a canyon, and the experiment trolley and the multifunctional environment detector are arranged on the tunnel or the road of the canyon tunnel group. The method can simulate the flow conditions of fire smoke gas among the canyon tunnel groups under the working conditions of different canyon wind temperatures, wind speeds, different tunnel transverse and longitudinal distances, different slopes and different canyon environmental humidity, and obtain a series of fire parameters such as the change of pollutant concentration among the tunnels and the critical channeling wind speed, thereby providing reference for the design of the canyon tunnel groups.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of traffic tunnel safety and fire burning, and particularly relates to a system for measuring pollutant cross flow of a canyon tunnel group, which can adjust wind temperature and humidity.
Background
With the development of national economy, the investment and construction steps of infrastructure are faster and faster, and especially the construction of high-grade roads in plateau and geothermal regions such as Sichuan and Tibet shows explosive growth, and the temperature difference of the regions in general year is larger, and the extreme climate is more. For example, the average annual temperature of the airport highway is 5.0-8.4 ℃, the extreme highest temperature is 29.9 ℃ and the extreme lowest temperature is-25.1 ℃ in G4218 Lhasa to Nick.
Meanwhile, longitudinal ventilation is widely adopted in ventilation of highway tunnels due to the reasons of limited construction land, relatively low longitudinal ventilation construction cost and the like. However, in the longitudinal ventilation mode, the traffic ventilation cannot be fully utilized by single-hole bidirectional traffic, and the accident rate of the single-hole bidirectional traffic is far higher than that of double-hole unidirectional traffic, so that the double-hole unidirectional tunnel is gradually the mainstream of development. For the double-hole one-way tunnel with closer distance between the upstream and the downstream, pollutants discharged from the air exhaust tunnel pollute the environment outside the hole, and simultaneously, the cross flow enters the adjacent air inlet tunnel and the downstream air inlet tunnel to generate secondary pollution. The simultaneous existence of the longitudinal cross flow and the transverse cross flow reduces the operation ventilation efficiency, increases the operation cost, and at the moment, the ventilation in the tunnel cannot be simply designed by a single tunnel, so that the feasibility of a smoke exhaust system designed based on the critical wind speed calculated by the common highway tunnel is greatly reduced.
Through investigation and research of existing research results, influence of gorge wind temperature and environmental humidity on fire smoke pollutant channeling is mostly not considered in research on channeling problems between tunnels at home and abroad. In the currently executed industry standards of highway tunnel design specification (the second volume of traffic engineering and auxiliary facilities, JTG D70-2-2014) and railway tunnel design specification (TB10003-2016) and middle smoke prevention and exhaust smoke design, no relevant terms of fire ventilation aiming at different canyon wind temperatures and different environmental humidities exist, and no theoretical calculation model of critical parameters such as cross-flow critical wind speed between tunnels with different canyon wind temperatures exists in the actual engineering. With the development of economic society, the number of constructed tunnels is continuously increased, and the progress of construction technology also leads the tunnels with extreme environmental temperature to be more and more in later projects. Therefore, it is necessary to further develop the study on the flow law of the smoke pollutants between the tunnels under the working conditions of different canyon wind temperatures and different environmental humidities.
Because the intersection characteristic of two opposite longitudinal winds of direction and canyon wind in upstream and downstream closer double-tunnel one-way tunnel for the flow complexity of fire pollutants between the tunnel is different from conventional tunnel, mainly come from two opposite longitudinal winds of direction and arouse the horizontal flue gas motion that convection current influence and canyon wind induction, and the relevant effect of flue gas self thermal buoyancy, in addition when canyon wind temperature changes, meet with the flue gas in the tunnel, flue gas thermal buoyancy receives its influence also to change thereupon, and then influences the flue gas flow condition. The canyon environment aggravates the uncertainty of the flow of smoke pollutants between the tunnels and increases the difficulty of fire smoke spreading control.
People lack deep understanding of the spreading and control rules of smoke when fire occurs among different wind temperature tunnels (groups), and a related test simulation platform needs to be established urgently for deep research. At present, no simulation system platform for relevant research on wind temperature of different canyons among tunnels exists in China, and if a full-size adjustable canyon wind tunnel experiment platform is built, the realization possibility is almost zero due to the fact that manpower, material resources and financial resources are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a system for measuring the contaminant channeling of the canyon tunnel group with adjustable wind temperature and humidity, so that the fire smoke flowing conditions among the canyon tunnel groups under the working conditions of different canyon wind temperatures, wind directions and wind speeds, different tunnel transverse and longitudinal distances, different slopes and different canyon environmental humidity can be simulated, and a series of fire parameters such as the change of the concentration of the contaminant among the tunnels and the critical channeling wind speed can be obtained, thereby providing reference for the design of the canyon tunnel group.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a system for measuring the contaminant channeling of a canyon tunnel group with adjustable wind temperature and humidity, wherein the canyon tunnel group is a main tunnel group consisting of bidirectional tunnels penetrating n mountains, and the bidirectional tunnels in two adjacent mountains are connected through a road in a canyon; the system is characterized in that the fire pollutant cross flow measuring system is characterized in that a fire-proof plate is used for building the main tunnel group, and a fire-proof heat-insulation shed is used for simulating the canyon environment of a mountain body; recording tunnels in the mountain as an upstream tunnel and a downstream tunnel according to the driving direction;
the ceiling positions of all the upstream tunnels and the downstream tunnels are provided with vertical ceiling smoke exhaust hoses for smoke exhaust;
smoke exhaust hoses parallel to the ceilings are arranged at the ceiling positions of the upstream tunnel and the downstream tunnel with the slope and used for transversely exhausting smoke; paving a layer of composite photocatalyst nano-mineral crystals in the exhaust hoses of the upstream tunnel and the downstream tunnel with the gradient for absorbing harmful gas;
longitudinal ventilation devices are respectively arranged at the inlets of the 1 st tunnels of the bidirectional tunnels of the n mountains;
an adjusting device is arranged below each bidirectional tunnel;
canyon wind simulation devices capable of adjusting wind temperature and environmental humidity are arranged on one sides of all canyons;
an experiment trolley is arranged on a tunnel or a highway of the canyon tunnel group;
a multifunctional environment detector is arranged in the fire pollutant cross flow measuring system, and comprises: the system comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor and a CO concentration sensor, and is respectively used for detecting environmental temperature, humidity, wind speed and CO concentration indexes;
the longitudinal ventilation device comprises: the variable-frequency first axial flow fan is provided with a first rectifying section in front of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan and used for rectifying longitudinal wind of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan;
the adjusting device comprises: the device comprises a first bracket, a second bracket, a hinge, a hydraulic rod, a universal wheel and a clamping ring;
the upper end of the first support is connected with the bottom of the tunnel through a hinge, the lower end of the first support is connected with the upper end of the second support through the hydraulic rod, the lower end of the second support is connected with the universal wheel, and the universal wheel is fixed on the ground through a clamping ring; the universal wheels are used for adjusting the transverse distance and the longitudinal distance between the bidirectional tunnels; the height and gradient of the bidirectional tunnel are adjusted by the hydraulic rod;
the adjustable wind temperature and environmental humidity canyon wind simulation device comprises: the variable-frequency second axial flow fan, the second rectifying section, the arc-shaped guide rail, the canyon heat preservation shed, the refrigerating device, the heating device and the humidifier are arranged on the outer wall of the canyon heat preservation shed;
the arc-shaped guide rail is arranged on one side of the canyon highway, and the variable-frequency second axial flow fan is arranged on the arc-shaped guide rail; simulating different canyon wind directions according to the swing angle of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan and the moving position on the arc-shaped guide rail;
a second rectifying section is arranged in front of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan and used for rectifying canyon wind of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan;
the canyon thermal insulation shed is arranged on a vertical plane where an air outlet of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan is located and a plane where the top of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan is located, and a semi-open space is formed, so that the variable-frequency second axial flow fan can be located in the semi-open space when moving on the arc-shaped guide rail;
push-pull devices are arranged on two sides of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan to realize the movement of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan in the semi-open space;
the refrigerating apparatus includes: a semiconductor refrigeration sheet; the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is positioned at the upper part of the canyon thermal insulation shed and used for reducing the temperature in the canyon thermal insulation shed under the action of air heat convection so as to achieve the initial canyon low-temperature environment;
the heating device includes: the heating nets are arranged at the air outlet of the variable-frequency second axial-flow fan, and the other part of the heating nets are arranged between the roads of the bidirectional tunnel and used for enabling the temperature in the canyon heat-preservation shed to rise under the action of air heat convection so as to achieve an initial canyon high-temperature environment;
the humidifier is placed at an air outlet of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan and used for changing the humidity of the simulated canyon environment;
the experiment dolly includes: gas fire experiment trolleys and liquid fire experiment trolleys;
the gas fire experiment trolley is provided with a gas tank and a burner, and the gas tank is connected with a flowmeter and is used for simulating a fire source when experiment combustion fire is gas flame;
the liquid fire experiment trolley is provided with a balance, and the balance is provided with a combustion pool and fuel and is used for simulating a fire source when the experiment combustion fire is liquid flame.
The measuring method of the canyon tunnel group pollutant cross flow measuring system with the adjustable wind temperature and humidity is characterized by comprising the following steps of;
step 1: building a tunnel structure in a canyon environment;
step 1.1: the transverse distance between the two-way tunnels is adjusted by transversely moving the universal wheels in the adjusting device, and the bidirectional tunnels are fixed through the clamping rings after the adjustment is finished;
step 1.2: the universal wheels are longitudinally moved to adjust the longitudinal distance between the upstream tunnel and the downstream tunnel, and the universal wheels are fixed through clamping rings after the adjustment is finished;
step 1.3: adjusting the height of the hydraulic rod to realize the height and gradient adjustment of the bidirectional tunnel;
step 2: selecting the type of an experimental fire source to determine the type of the experimental trolley, selecting a gas fire experimental trolley if the experimental trolley is a gas fire source, selecting a liquid fire experimental trolley if the experimental trolley is a liquid fire source, and placing the selected experimental trolley at a selected position of a bidirectional tunnel or a road;
and step 3: adjusting the swing angle of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan, and after the position of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan is moved on the arc-shaped guide rail through a push-pull device, starting the variable-frequency second axial flow fan and adjusting the working frequency of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan, so that axial flow wind of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan enters a canyon after being rectified by the second rectifying section, and canyon wind under different wind speeds and wind directions is simulated;
and 4, step 4: setting temperature parameters in the canyon environment, namely the temperature in the canyon thermal insulation shed;
if the canyon ambient temperature is in the high-temperature working condition, executing the step 4.1 to the step 4.4;
if the gorge environment temperature is under the low-temperature working condition; step 4.5-step 4.8 are executed;
step 4.1: setting the working power of any initial heating net, after the heating net works, starting to acquire the high-temperature in the canyon thermal insulation shed by using a temperature sensor, and preprocessing the acquired high-temperature data by using a Kalman filtering algorithm to obtain the filtered high-temperature;
step 4.2: comparing the filtered high-temperature with a preset target high-temperature of the canyon environment to obtain a high-temperature deviation value;
step 4.3: fitting a relation function of the distance between adjacent heating networks, the heating power, the real-time wind speed and the power attenuation variation through a data linear regression method, and processing the relation function by using an iterative weighted average method to obtain the power attenuation variation of the heating network at the next moment; substituting the high-temperature deviation value into a PID algorithm, and obtaining the working power of the heating network at the next moment and using the working power for heat compensation by combining the power attenuation variable quantity at the next moment of the heating network;
step 4.4: different power controls are carried out on each heating net according to the process from the step 4.1 to the step 4.3, and the target temperature is gradually approached through repeated PID calculation and temperature compensation adjustment, so that the uniformity of the whole temperature field in the canyon thermal insulation shed under the action of canyon wind is achieved;
step 4.5: setting the working power of any initial semiconductor refrigerating sheet, after the semiconductor refrigerating sheet works, starting to acquire the low-temperature in the canyon thermal insulation shed by using a temperature sensor, and preprocessing the acquired low-temperature data by using a Kalman filtering algorithm to obtain the filtered low-temperature;
step 4.6: comparing the filtered low-temperature with a preset target low-temperature of the canyon environment to obtain a low-temperature deviation value;
step 4.7: fitting a relation function of the distance between adjacent semiconductor chilling plates, the chilling power, the real-time wind speed and the power attenuation variation through a data linear regression method, and processing the relation function by using an iterative weighted average method to obtain the power attenuation variation of the semiconductor chilling plates at the next moment; substituting the low-temperature deviation value into a PID algorithm, and combining the power attenuation variable quantity of the semiconductor chilling plate at the next moment to obtain the working power of the semiconductor chilling plate at the next moment and using the working power for heat compensation;
step 4.8: different power controls are carried out on each semiconductor refrigerating sheet according to the process from the step 4.5 to the step 4.7, and the target low-temperature is gradually approached through repeated PID calculation and adjustment, so that the uniformity of the whole temperature field in the canyon thermal insulation shed under the action of canyon wind is achieved;
and 5: setting a humidity parameter in the canyon environment, namely the humidity in the canyon thermal insulation shed;
step 5.1: setting the working power of an initial humidifier, after the humidifier works, starting to acquire the humidity in the canyon thermal insulation shed by a humidity sensor, and preprocessing the acquired humidity data through a Kalman filtering algorithm to obtain the filtered humidity;
step 5.2: comparing the filtered humidity with a preset target humidity of the canyon environment to obtain a humidity deviation value;
step 5.3: substituting the humidity deviation value into a PID algorithm to obtain the power variation of the humidifier at the next moment so as to control the working power of the humidifier at the next moment;
step 5.4: different power controls are carried out on the humidifier according to the processes of the step 5.1 to the step 5.3, and PID calculation and regulation are repeatedly carried out to gradually approach the target humidity, so that the uniformity of the whole humidity field in the canyon thermal insulation shed under the action of canyon wind is achieved;
step 6: igniting a fire source on the experimental trolley, and generating fire pollutant smoke by the trolley;
and 7: adjusting an operating frequency of the variable frequency first axial flow fan to adjust a wind speed of the variable frequency first axial flow fan; acquiring longitudinal wind speed in the canyon by the wind speed sensor;
and 8: changing the longitudinal ventilation wind speed in the upstream tunnel by changing the working frequency of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan, and observing the flow condition of fire pollutant smoke in the tunnel structure of the canyon environment and under the canyon humiture and canyon wind conditions;
and step 9: whether cross flow occurs is comprehensively judged by observing whether the smoke of the upstream pollutant enters a downstream tunnel or not and combining data collected by a temperature sensor and a CO concentration sensor at the opening of the downstream tunnel; if the cross flow occurs, executing step 9.1, and if the cross flow does not occur, executing step 9.2; if the state is in the critical state, executing step 9.3;
step 9.1: controlling the working frequency of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan to be reduced through PID, further reducing the wind speed of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan, and returning to the step 9 after the flowing state of the pollutant smoke is stable;
step 9.2: controlling the frequency of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan to increase through PID, further increasing the wind speed of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan, and returning to the step 9 after the flowing state of the pollutant smoke is stable;
step 9.3: and (3) recording the tunnel structure, the canyon humiture and the canyon wind condition of the current canyon environment and the wind speed of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan in the critical cross flow, and then returning to the step 1, so that the variable is controlled by a method for resetting.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the aspect of an experimental platform, the invention provides a research platform of a canyon tunnel group fire pollutant cross flow measurement system capable of adjusting wind temperature and environmental humidity for the first time, fills the blank of canyon pollutant cross flow research under working conditions of different canyon wind temperatures and different environmental humidities at home and abroad, and provides reasonable fire smoke control measures for the type of tunnel by researching the aspects of flow control, fire detection performance and the like of fire smoke at different canyon wind temperatures between double-hole one-way tunnels, thereby having important significance for guaranteeing the operation safety and the life safety of people of the double-hole one-way tunnel group.
2. The canyon tunnel group fire pollutant cross-flow measuring system capable of adjusting the wind temperature and the environmental humidity simulates canyon environments with different wind temperatures and environmental humidities through the canyon wind simulation device capable of adjusting the wind temperature and the environmental humidity; simulating different fire source positions in reality by adjusting the position of the experiment trolley; simulating different tunnel structures by adjusting the adjusting device; therefore, the flow condition of fire smoke among canyon tunnel groups in a complex environment can be simulated. The critical cross flow wind speed under each working condition can be obtained through experiments by the experimental device, so that reference is provided for design and construction of canyon tunnel groups under different environments.
3. The method comprises the steps of collecting the temperature and the humidity in the canyon thermal insulation shed through a temperature sensor, and preprocessing the obtained temperature data through a Kalman filtering algorithm to obtain the filtered temperature; comparing the filtered temperature with a preset target temperature of the canyon environment to obtain a temperature deviation value; the deviation value is brought into a PID algorithm, and then the power variation of each heating net or semiconductor refrigerating piece at the next moment is obtained according to the distance between the adjacent heating nets or semiconductor refrigerating pieces, the working power of the adjacent heating nets or semiconductor refrigerating pieces and the real-time wind speed, so as to control the working power of the heating nets or semiconductor refrigerating pieces at the next moment; each heating net or semiconductor refrigerating sheet gradually approaches the target temperature through repeated PID calculation and adjustment, so that the uniformity of the whole temperature field in the canyon thermal insulation shed is achieved; the even canyon environmental temperature field with different target temperatures is simulated under the action of longitudinal wind and canyon wind in the tunnel.
4. The invention can simulate various complex canyon tunnel group structures under the conditions of different tunnel transverse and longitudinal distances and different slope combinations by the adjusting device consisting of the bracket, the hydraulic rod, the universal wheel and the snap ring, and has the characteristics of wide practical range, simple operation and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general schematic view of the present invention (including main tunnel group, mountain, road);
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a main tunnel group structure (tunnel structure, smoke evacuation hose, adjusting device, longitudinal fan, experimental cart) according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the canyon wind simulation apparatus (thermal insulation shed, heating net, cooling fin, canyon fan, humidifier, detector) with adjustable wind temperature and ambient humidity according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a smoke exhaust hose with composite photocatalyst nanocrystalline laid thereon according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view showing the construction of the longitudinal ventilation apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the main tunnel group at different lateral distances and longitudinal distances according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the main tunnel group (mineral crystal hose) under different slopes according to the present invention;
FIG. 8a is a schematic view of the gas fire experimental trolley of the present invention;
FIG. 8b is a schematic view of the liquid fire test cart of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the position of various sensors of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the heating network, the cooling fins and the humidifier of the present invention;
FIG. 11a is a schematic view of the present invention in a condition where cross-flow occurs;
FIG. 11b is a schematic view of the present invention in a non-channeling state;
FIG. 11c is a schematic view of the present invention in a cross-flow critical state;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of heat compensation of the heat generating device of the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1 main tunnel group, 2 upstream tunnels, 3 downstream tunnels, 4 canyon highways, 5 vertical ceiling smoke exhaust hoses, 6 smoke exhaust hoses parallel to the ceiling, 7 longitudinal ventilation devices, 8 adjusting devices, 9 canyon wind simulation devices capable of adjusting wind temperature and environmental humidity, 10 experiment trolleys, 11 multifunctional environment detectors, 12 variable-frequency first axial flow fans, 13 first rectifying sections, 14 longitudinal wind, 15 first supports, 16 second supports, 17 hinges, 18 hydraulic rods, 19 universal wheels, 20 snap rings, 21 variable-frequency second axial flow fans, 22 second rectifying sections, 23 canyon wind, 24 arc-shaped guide rails, 25 canyon heat preservation sheds, 26 push-pull devices, 27 refrigerating devices, 28 heating devices, 29 humidifiers, 30 semiconductor refrigerating sheets, 31 heating nets, 32 gas fire experiment trolleys, 33 liquid fire experiment trolleys, 34 gas tanks, 35 burners, 36 flow meters, 37 balance, 33 balance, 38 combustion pool, 39 fuel, 40 temperature sensor, 41 humidity sensor, 42 wind speed sensor, 43CO concentration sensor, 44 composite photocatalyst nano-mineral crystal, 45 transverse distance, 46 longitudinal distance and 47 smoke.
Detailed Description
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the canyon tunnel group is a main tunnel group 1 composed of bidirectional tunnels passing through n mountains, and the bidirectional tunnels in two adjacent mountains are connected by a canyon highway 4 in a canyon; a canyon tunnel group pollutant channeling measurement system with adjustable wind temperature and humidity is characterized in that a main tunnel group 1 is built by using a fireproof plate as shown in figure 2, and a canyon thermal insulation shed 25 built by using a fireproof thermal insulation shed simulates the canyon environment of a mountain body as shown in figure 3; marking tunnels in a mountain as an upstream tunnel 2 and a downstream tunnel 3 according to the driving direction;
as shown in fig. 2, vertical ceiling smoke exhaust hoses 5 are arranged at the ceiling positions of all the upstream tunnels 2 and the downstream tunnels 3 for exhausting smoke;
smoke exhaust hoses 6 parallel to the ceilings are arranged at the ceiling positions of the upstream tunnel 2 and the downstream tunnel 3 with the gradient and used for transversely exhausting smoke; as shown in fig. 4, a layer of composite photocatalyst nano-mineral crystals 44 is laid inside the exhaust hoses of the upstream tunnel 2 and the downstream tunnel 3 with slopes for absorbing harmful gases;
as shown in fig. 2, longitudinal ventilation devices 7 are respectively arranged at the inlets of the 1 st tunnel of the bidirectional tunnels of the n mountains;
as shown in fig. 2, an adjusting device 8 is arranged below each bidirectional tunnel and used for adjusting the transverse distance 45 between adjacent bidirectional tunnels, the longitudinal distance 46 between the upstream tunnels 2 and the gradient of the main tunnel group 1;
as shown in fig. 3, a canyon wind simulation device 9 capable of adjusting wind temperature and ambient humidity is arranged on one side of all canyons, and is used for simulating canyon environments under different temperature and humidity working conditions;
as shown in fig. 2, an experimental trolley 10 is provided on a tunnel or a highway of a canyon tunnel group for simulating a vehicle on fire in the tunnel.
As shown in fig. 9, a multifunctional environment detector 11 is provided in the fire protection heat preservation booth, and the multifunctional environment detector 11 includes: the temperature sensor 40, the humidity sensor 41, the wind speed sensor 42 and the CO concentration sensor 43 are respectively used for detecting the environmental temperature, the humidity, the wind speed and the CO concentration indexes.
As shown in fig. 5, the longitudinal ventilation device 7 includes: the variable-frequency first axial flow fan 12 is provided with a first rectifying section 13 in front of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan 12, and is used for rectifying longitudinal wind 14 of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan 12;
as shown in fig. 2, the adjusting device 8 includes: the device comprises a first bracket 15, a second bracket 16, a hinge 17, a hydraulic rod 18, a universal wheel 19 and a clamping ring 20;
the upper end of the first support 15 is connected with the bottom of the tunnel through a hinge 17, the lower end of the first support 15 is connected with the upper end of the second support 16 through a hydraulic rod 18, the lower end of the second support 16 is connected with a universal wheel 19, and the universal wheel 19 is fixed on the ground through a clamping ring 20; as shown in fig. 6, the universal wheels 19 are used for realizing the adjustment of the transverse distance 45 and the longitudinal distance 46 between the bidirectional tunnels; as shown in fig. 7, the height and gradient adjustment of the bidirectional tunnel is realized by a hydraulic rod 18;
as shown in fig. 3, the canyon wind simulation apparatus 9 capable of adjusting wind temperature and ambient humidity includes: a variable-frequency second axial flow fan 21, a second rectifying section 22, an arc-shaped guide rail 24, a canyon thermal insulation shed 25, a refrigerating device 27, a heating device 28 and a humidifier 29;
as shown in fig. 3, the arc-shaped guide rail 24 is arranged on one side of the canyon highway 4, and the variable-frequency second axial flow fan 21 is arranged on the arc-shaped guide rail 24; the simulation of different canyon wind 23 wind directions is realized by the swing angle of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan 21 and the moving position on the arc-shaped guide rail 24;
a second rectifying section 22 is arranged in front of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan 21 and used for rectifying canyon wind 23 of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan 21;
as shown in fig. 3, the canyon thermal insulation shed 25 is disposed on a vertical plane where the air outlet of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan 21 is located and a plane where the top is located, and forms a semi-open space, so that the variable-frequency second axial flow fan 21 can be located in the semi-open space when moving on the arc-shaped guide rail 24, thereby ensuring that the temperature distribution of the canyon wind 23 is uniform;
as shown in fig. 3, push-pull devices 26 are provided on both sides of the variable frequency second axial flow fan 21 to realize movement of the variable frequency second axial flow fan 21 in the semi-open space;
the refrigeration apparatus 27 includes: a semiconductor refrigeration plate 30; as shown in fig. 10, a plurality of semiconductor cooling fins 30 are located on the upper part and both sides of the canyon thermal insulation shed 25, and are used for reducing the temperature in the canyon thermal insulation shed 25 under the action of air heat convection so as to achieve the initial canyon low-temperature environment;
the heating device 28 includes: as shown in fig. 10, a part of the heating nets 31 is disposed at the air outlet of the variable frequency second axial flow fan 21, and the other part of the heating nets 31 is disposed between the canyon highways 4 of the bidirectional tunnel, and is used for raising the temperature in the canyon thermal insulation shed 25 under the action of air heat convection to achieve an initial canyon high-temperature environment;
as shown in fig. 10, a humidifier 29 is placed at the air outlet of the variable frequency second axial flow fan 21 for changing the simulated canyon ambient humidity;
the experiment cart 10 includes: a gas fire test car 32 and a liquid fire test car 33;
as shown in fig. 8a, the gas fire experiment trolley 32 is provided with a gas tank 34 and a burner 35, and the gas tank 34 is connected with a flow meter 36 for simulating a fire source when the experiment combustion fire is a gas flame;
as shown in fig. 8b, a balance 37 is arranged on the liquid fire experiment trolley 33, and a combustion pool 38 and fuel 39 are arranged on the balance 37, so as to simulate a fire source when the experiment combustion fire is liquid flame;
in this embodiment, a measuring method of a system for measuring contaminant channeling of a canyon tunnel group with adjustable wind temperature and humidity is performed as follows;
step 1: building a tunnel structure in a canyon environment;
step 1.1: the transverse distance 45 between the two-way tunnels is adjusted by transversely moving the universal wheels 19 in the adjusting device 8 and is fixed by the clamping rings 20 after the adjustment is finished;
step 1.2: adjusting the longitudinal distance 46 between the upstream and downstream tunnels 33 by longitudinally moving the universal wheel 19, and fixing the tunnel by a clamping ring 20 after the adjustment is finished;
step 1.3: the height of the hydraulic rod 18 is adjusted to realize the height and gradient adjustment of the bidirectional tunnel;
step 2: selecting the type of the experimental fire source to determine the type of the experimental trolley 10, selecting a gas fire experimental trolley 32 if the experimental trolley is a gas fire source, selecting a liquid fire experimental trolley 33 if the experimental trolley is a liquid fire source, and placing the selected experimental trolley 10 at a selected position on the bidirectional tunnel or canyon highway 4;
and step 3: adjusting the swing angle of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan 21, and after the position of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan 21 is moved on the arc-shaped guide rail 24 through the push-pull device 26, starting the variable-frequency second axial flow fan 21 and adjusting the working frequency of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan, so that the axial flow wind of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan 21 enters a canyon after being rectified by the second rectifying section 22, and canyon wind 23 under different wind speeds and wind directions is simulated;
and 4, step 4: setting a temperature parameter in the canyon environment, i.e., the temperature in the canyon shelter 25;
if the canyon ambient temperature is in the high-temperature working condition, executing the step 4.1 to the step 4.4;
if the gorge environment temperature is under the low-temperature working condition; step 4.5-step 4.8 are executed;
step 4.1: setting the working power of any initial heating net 31, after the heating net 31 works, the temperature sensor 40 starts to collect the high-temperature in the canyon thermal insulation shed 25, and preprocessing the obtained high-temperature data through a Kalman filtering algorithm to obtain the filtered high-temperature; the kalman filter comprises two main processes: and (6) estimating and correcting. The estimation process mainly comprises the steps of establishing prior estimation of the current state by using a time updating equation, and calculating the current temperature and error covariance estimation value forward in time so as to construct a prior estimation value for the temperature at the next moment; the correction process is responsible for feedback, and an improved posterior estimation of the current temperature is established on the basis of the prior estimation value in the estimation process and the current measured temperature by using a measurement update equation;
step 4.2: comparing the filtered high-temperature with a preset target high-temperature of the canyon environment to obtain a high-temperature deviation value;
step 4.3: fitting a relation function of the distance between adjacent heating networks 31, the heating power, the real-time wind speed and the power attenuation variation through a data linear regression method, and processing the relation function by using an iterative weighted average method to obtain the power attenuation variation of the heating network 31 at the next moment; the high temperature deviation value is brought into a PID algorithm, and the working power of the heating net 31 at the next moment is obtained and used for heat compensation by combining the power attenuation variable quantity of the heating net 31 at the next moment;
step 4.4: as shown in fig. 12, different power controls are performed on each heating net 31 according to the process from step 4.1 to step 4.3, and the target high temperature is gradually approached by repeating PID calculation and adjustment, so that the uniformity of the overall temperature field in the canyon thermal insulation shed 25 under the action of the canyon wind 23 is achieved;
step 4.5: setting the working power of any initial semiconductor refrigerating sheet 30, after the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 30 works, starting to acquire the low-temperature in the canyon thermal insulation shed 25 by the temperature sensor 40, and preprocessing the acquired low-temperature data by a Kalman filtering algorithm to obtain the filtered low-temperature;
step 4.6: comparing the filtered low-temperature with a preset target low-temperature of the canyon environment to obtain a low-temperature deviation value;
step 4.7: fitting a relation function of the distance between adjacent semiconductor chilling plates 30, the chilling power, the real-time wind speed and the power attenuation variation through a data linear regression method, and processing the relation function by using an iterative weighted average method to obtain the power attenuation variation of the semiconductor chilling plates 30 at the next moment; the low-temperature deviation value is brought into a PID algorithm, and the working power of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 30 at the next moment is obtained and used for heat compensation by combining the power attenuation variable quantity of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet 30 at the next moment;
step 4.8: different power controls are carried out on each semiconductor refrigerating sheet 30 according to the process from the step 4.5 to the step 4.7, and the target low-temperature is gradually approached through repeated PID calculation and adjustment, so that the uniformity of the whole temperature field in the canyon thermal insulation shed 25 under the action of the canyon wind 23 is achieved;
and 5: setting humidity parameters in the canyon environment, i.e., humidity in the canyon shelter 25;
step 5.1: setting the working power of the initial humidifier 29, after the humidifier 29 works, the humidity sensor 41 starts to collect the humidity in the canyon thermal insulation shed 25, and preprocessing the obtained humidity data through a Kalman filtering algorithm to obtain the filtered humidity;
step 5.2: comparing the filtered humidity with a preset target humidity of the canyon environment to obtain a humidity deviation value;
step 5.3: substituting the humidity deviation value into a PID algorithm to obtain the power variation of the humidifier 29 at the next moment so as to control the working power of the humidifier 29 at the next moment;
step 5.4: different power controls are carried out on the humidifier 29 according to the process from the step 5.1 to the step 5.3, and the target humidity is gradually approached through repeated PID calculation and adjustment, so that the uniformity of the whole humidity field in the canyon thermal insulation shed 25 under the action of the canyon wind 23 is achieved;
step 6: igniting the fire source on the experimental trolley 10, and generating fire pollutant smoke 47 by the trolley;
and 7: adjusting the operating frequency of the variable frequency first axial flow fan 12 to adjust the wind speed of the longitudinal wind 14; acquiring the wind speed of longitudinal wind 14 in the canyon by a wind speed sensor 42;
and 8: changing the wind speed of a longitudinal wind 14 in the upstream tunnel 2 by changing the working frequency of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan 12, and observing the flow condition of the fire pollutant smoke 47 in the tunnel structure of the canyon environment and under the conditions of canyon humiture and canyon wind 23;
and step 9: whether the cross flow occurs is comprehensively judged by observing whether the upstream pollutant flue gas 47 enters the downstream tunnel 33 and combining the data collected by the temperature sensor 40 and the CO concentration sensor 43 at the position of the downstream tunnel 33; as shown in fig. 11a, if the flue gas 47 continuously enters the downstream tunnel 33 and the temperature and CO concentration at the port of the downstream tunnel 33 greatly change, it is determined that the cross flow occurs, and step 9.1 is executed; as shown in fig. 11b, no cross flow occurs, step 9.2 is performed; as shown in fig. 11c, if the flue gas 47 does not enter the downstream tunnel 33 and flows near the upper part of the mouth of the downstream tunnel 3, it is in a critical state, and step 9.3 is performed;
step 9.1: the working frequency of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan 12 is controlled to be reduced through PID, so that the wind speed of the longitudinal wind 14 is reduced, and after the flowing state of the pollutant smoke 47 is stable, the step 9 is returned;
step 9.2: controlling the frequency of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan 12 to increase through PID, further increasing the wind speed of the longitudinal wind 14, and returning to the step 9 after the flowing state of the pollutant smoke 47 is stable;
step 9.3: and (3) recording the tunnel structure, the canyon humiture and the canyon wind 23 condition of the current canyon environment and the wind speed of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan in the critical cross flow, and then returning to the step 1, so that the variable control method is adopted for resetting.
Claims (2)
1. A system for measuring the contaminant channeling of a canyon tunnel group with adjustable wind temperature and humidity is disclosed, wherein the canyon tunnel group is a main tunnel group (1) consisting of bidirectional tunnels penetrating n mountains, and the bidirectional tunnels in two adjacent mountains are connected through a highway in a canyon; the fire hazard pollutant cross flow measuring system is characterized in that a fire-proof plate is used for building the main tunnel group (1), and a fire-proof heat-preservation shed is used for simulating the canyon environment of a mountain; marking the tunnels in the mountain as an upstream tunnel (2) and a downstream tunnel (3) according to the driving direction;
vertical ceiling smoke exhaust hoses (5) are arranged at the ceiling positions of all the upstream tunnels (2) and the downstream tunnels (3) and used for exhausting smoke;
smoke exhaust hoses (6) parallel to the ceilings are arranged at the ceiling positions of the upstream tunnel (2) and the downstream tunnel (3) with the gradient and used for transversely exhausting smoke; a layer of composite photocatalyst nano-mineral crystal (44) is paved in the exhaust hoses of the upstream tunnel (2) and the downstream tunnel (3) with slopes and is used for absorbing harmful gas;
longitudinal ventilation devices (7) are respectively arranged at the inlets of the 1 st tunnels of the bidirectional tunnels of the n mountains;
an adjusting device (8) is arranged below each bidirectional tunnel;
canyon wind simulation devices (9) capable of adjusting wind temperature and environmental humidity are arranged on one sides of all canyons;
an experiment trolley (10) is arranged on a tunnel or a highway of the canyon tunnel group;
a multifunctional environment detector (11) is arranged in the fire pollutant cross flow measuring system and comprises: the system comprises a temperature sensor (40), a humidity sensor (41), a wind speed sensor (42) and a CO concentration sensor (43), and the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the wind speed sensor and the CO concentration sensor are respectively used for detecting environmental temperature, humidity, wind speed and CO concentration indexes;
the longitudinal ventilation device (7) comprises: the variable-frequency first axial flow fan (12), wherein a first rectifying section (13) is arranged in front of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan (12) and is used for rectifying the longitudinal wind (14) of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan (12);
the adjustment device (8) comprises: the device comprises a first support (15), a second support (16), a hinge (17), a hydraulic rod (18), a universal wheel (19) and a clamping ring (20);
the upper end of the first support (15) is connected with the bottom of the tunnel through a hinge (17), the lower end of the first support (15) is connected with the upper end of the second support (16) through the hydraulic rod (18), the lower end of the second support (16) is connected with the universal wheel (19), and the universal wheel (19) is fixed on the ground through a clamping ring (20); the universal wheels (19) are used for adjusting the transverse distance (45) and the longitudinal distance (46) between the bidirectional tunnels; the height and gradient adjustment of the bidirectional tunnel is realized by the hydraulic rod (18);
the canyon wind simulation device (9) capable of adjusting wind temperature and ambient humidity comprises: the system comprises a variable-frequency second axial flow fan (21), a second rectifying section (22), an arc-shaped guide rail (24), a canyon thermal insulation shed (25), a refrigerating device (27), a heating device (28) and a humidifier (29);
the arc-shaped guide rail (24) is arranged on one side of the canyon highway (4), and the variable-frequency second axial flow fan (21) is arranged on the arc-shaped guide rail (24); simulating different canyon wind directions (23) according to the self swing angle of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan (21) and the moving position of the arc-shaped guide rail (24) (14);
a second rectifying section (22) is arranged in front of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan (21) and used for rectifying canyon wind (23) of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan (21);
the canyon thermal insulation shed (25) is arranged on a plane where the vertical plane and the top of the air outlet of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan (21) are located, and forms a semi-open space, so that the variable-frequency second axial flow fan (21) can be located in the semi-open space when moving on the arc-shaped guide rail (24);
push-pull devices (26) are arranged on two sides of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan (21) so as to realize the movement of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan (21) in the semi-open space;
the refrigeration device (27) comprises: a semiconductor refrigeration plate (30); the semiconductor refrigeration piece (30) is positioned at the upper part of the canyon thermal insulation shed (25) and used for reducing the temperature in the canyon thermal insulation shed (25) under the action of air heat convection so as to achieve the initial canyon low-temperature environment;
the heating device (28) comprises: the heating nets (31) are arranged at the air outlet of the variable frequency second axial flow fan (21), and one part of the heating nets (31) is arranged between the roads of the bidirectional tunnel and used for enabling the temperature in the canyon thermal insulation shed (25) to rise under the action of air heat convection so as to achieve an initial canyon high-temperature environment;
the humidifier (29) is placed at an air outlet of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan (21) and used for changing the humidity of the simulated canyon environment;
the experiment trolley (10) comprises: a gas fire experiment trolley (32) and a liquid fire experiment trolley (33);
the gas fire experiment trolley (32) is provided with a gas tank (34) and a burner (35), and the gas tank (34) is connected with a flowmeter (36) and is used for simulating a fire source when experiment combustion fire is gas flame;
the liquid fire experiment trolley (33) is provided with a balance (37), and the balance (37) is provided with a combustion pool (38) and fuel (39) for simulating a fire source when experiment combustion fire is liquid flame.
2. The method for measuring the contaminant channeling in the canyon tunnel group according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps;
step 1: building a tunnel structure in a canyon environment;
step 1.1: adjusting the transverse distance (45) between the two-way tunnels by transversely moving a universal wheel (19) in the adjusting device (8), and fixing the two-way tunnels through a clamping ring (20) after the adjustment is finished;
step 1.2: adjusting the longitudinal distance (46) between the upstream and downstream tunnels (3) by longitudinally moving the universal wheels (19), and fixing the universal wheels by a clamping ring (20) after the adjustment is finished;
step 1.3: the height of the hydraulic rod (18) is adjusted to realize the height and gradient adjustment of the bidirectional tunnel;
step 2: selecting the type of an experimental fire source to determine the type of the experimental trolley (10), if the experimental trolley is a gas fire source, selecting a gas fire experimental trolley (32), if the experimental trolley is a liquid fire source, selecting a liquid fire experimental trolley (33), and placing the selected experimental trolley (10) at a selected position of a bidirectional tunnel or a road;
and step 3: adjusting the self swing angle of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan (21), and after the position of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan (21) is moved on an arc-shaped guide rail (24) through a push-pull device (26), starting the variable-frequency second axial flow fan (21) and adjusting the working frequency of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan, so that the axial flow wind of the variable-frequency second axial flow fan (21) enters a canyon after being rectified by the second rectifying section (22) to simulate canyon wind (23) under different wind speeds and wind directions;
and 4, step 4: setting a temperature parameter in the canyon environment, namely the temperature in the canyon thermal insulation shed (25);
if the canyon ambient temperature is in the high-temperature working condition, executing the step 4.1 to the step 4.4;
if the gorge environment temperature is under the low-temperature working condition; step 4.5-step 4.8 are executed;
step 4.1: setting the working power of any initial heating net (31), after the heating net (31) works, the temperature sensor (40) starts to collect the high temperature in the canyon thermal insulation shed (25), and preprocessing the obtained high temperature data through a Kalman filtering algorithm to obtain the filtered high temperature;
step 4.2: comparing the filtered high-temperature with a preset target high-temperature of the canyon environment to obtain a high-temperature deviation value;
step 4.3: fitting a relation function of the distance between adjacent heating networks (31), the heating power, the real-time wind speed and the power attenuation variation through a data linear regression method, and processing the relation function by using an iterative weighted average method to obtain the power attenuation variation of the heating network (31) at the next moment; the high-temperature deviation value is brought into a PID algorithm, and the working power of the heating net (31) at the next moment is obtained and used for heat compensation by combining the power attenuation variable quantity of the heating net (31) at the next moment;
step 4.4: different power controls are carried out on each heating net (31) according to the process from the step 4.1 to the step 4.3, and the target temperature is gradually approached through repeated PID calculation and temperature compensation adjustment, so that the uniformity of the whole temperature field in the canyon thermal insulation shed (25) under the action of canyon wind (23) is achieved;
step 4.5: setting the working power of any initial semiconductor refrigerating sheet (30), after the semiconductor refrigerating sheet (30) works, starting to acquire the low-temperature in the canyon thermal insulation shed (25) by the temperature sensor (40), and preprocessing the acquired low-temperature data by a Kalman filtering algorithm to obtain the filtered low-temperature;
step 4.6: comparing the filtered low-temperature with a preset target low-temperature of the canyon environment to obtain a low-temperature deviation value;
step 4.7: fitting a relation function of the distance between adjacent semiconductor refrigeration pieces (30), the refrigeration power, the real-time wind speed and the power attenuation variation through a data linear regression method, and processing the relation function by using an iterative weighted average method to obtain the power attenuation variation of the semiconductor refrigeration pieces (30) at the next moment; the low-temperature deviation value is brought into a PID algorithm, and the working power of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet (30) at the next moment is obtained and used for heat compensation by combining the power attenuation variable quantity of the semiconductor refrigerating sheet (30) at the next moment;
step 4.8: different power controls are carried out on each semiconductor refrigerating sheet (30) according to the process from the step 4.5 to the step 4.7, and the target low-temperature is gradually approached through repeated PID calculation and adjustment, so that the uniformity of the whole temperature field in the canyon thermal insulation shed (25) under the action of canyon wind (23) is achieved;
and 5: setting a humidity parameter in the canyon environment, namely the humidity in the canyon thermal insulation shed (25);
step 5.1: setting the working power of an initial humidifier (29), after the humidifier (29) works, starting to acquire the humidity in the canyon thermal insulation shed (25) by a humidity sensor (41), and preprocessing the acquired humidity data by a Kalman filtering algorithm to obtain the filtered humidity;
step 5.2: comparing the filtered humidity with a preset target humidity of the canyon environment to obtain a humidity deviation value;
step 5.3: the humidity deviation value is brought into a PID algorithm to obtain the power variation of the humidifier (29) at the next moment so as to control the working power of the humidifier (29) at the next moment;
step 5.4: different power controls are carried out on the humidifier (29) according to the process from the step 5.1 to the step 5.3, and PID calculation and adjustment are repeatedly carried out to gradually approach the target humidity, so that the uniformity of the whole humidity field in the canyon thermal insulation shed (25) under the action of canyon wind (23) is achieved;
step 6: igniting a fire source on the experimental trolley (10), and generating fire pollutant smoke (47) by the trolley;
and 7: adjusting an operating frequency of the variable frequency first axial fan (12) to adjust a wind speed of the variable frequency first axial fan (12); acquiring a longitudinal wind (14) speed in a canyon from the wind speed sensor (42);
and 8: changing the longitudinal ventilation wind speed in the upstream tunnel (2) by changing the working frequency of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan (12), and observing the flow condition of fire pollutant smoke (47) in the tunnel structure of the canyon environment and under the canyon humiture and canyon wind conditions;
and step 9: whether cross flow occurs or not is comprehensively judged by observing whether the upstream pollutant flue gas (47) enters the downstream tunnel (3) or not and combining data collected by a temperature sensor (40) and a CO concentration sensor (43) at the opening of the downstream tunnel (3); if the cross flow occurs, executing step 9.1, and if the cross flow does not occur, executing step 9.2; if the state is in the critical state, executing step 9.3;
step 9.1: controlling the working frequency of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan (12) to be reduced through PID, further reducing the wind speed of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan (12), and returning to the step 9 after the flowing state of the pollutant smoke (47) is stable;
step 9.2: controlling the frequency of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan (12) to increase through PID, further increasing the wind speed of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan (12), and returning to the step 9 after the flowing state of the pollutant smoke (47) is stable;
step 9.3: and (3) recording the tunnel structure, the canyon humiture and the canyon wind (23) conditions of the current canyon environment and the wind speed of the variable-frequency first axial flow fan (12) in the critical flow channeling, and then returning to the step (1), so that the setting is carried out again by adopting a variable control method.
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