CN109506876B - Temperature layer junction simulation device and method in atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel - Google Patents
Temperature layer junction simulation device and method in atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a temperature layer junction simulation device and method in an atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel, wherein the device comprises: the system comprises an incoming flow temperature control system arranged on a wind tunnel stabilizing section, a temperature vehicle arranged at the front end of an experimental section and at least one heating and cooling floor arranged at the bottom of a tunnel body of the wind tunnel experimental section; the temperature car is of a layered structure and is layered in the vertical direction, a triangular fin type electric heating belt is installed in each layer of channel, and each layer is an independent small electric heater and is separated by an upper heat insulation plate and a lower heat insulation plate; the temperature vehicle is a detachable structure in the device. The device and the method provided by the invention can realize the simulation of the stable layer knot, the neutral layer knot and the unstable layer knot by taking different parameters for the incoming flow temperature control system, the temperature vehicle and the heatable cooling floor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a temperature layer junction simulation device and method in an atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel.
Background
The migration and diffusion problem of radioactive substances in the atmosphere is always concerned in the fields of nuclear facility plant site environment influence evaluation, risk evaluation, nuclear accident consequence evaluation and emergency response and non-radioactive pollutant environment influence evaluation.
For the study of such problems, there are three main approaches: field test, wind tunnel test and numerical simulation. The result of the field test is real, but the test condition is uncontrollable, cannot be reproduced, and is expensive and long in time. The numerical simulation experiment has the advantages of controllable conditions, strong repeatability, low cost, short period and the like, but the result is only effective after observation or experimental verification. The wind tunnel experiment has the authenticity of a field test and the predictability of numerical simulation, so the wind tunnel experiment plays an important role in researching the problem.
At present, a large amount of wind tunnel experimental researches aiming at the atmospheric diffusion problem of pollutants are carried out domestically, however, the wind tunnel experiments are carried out under the condition of neutral atmosphere, but the actual atmosphere is not the same, 32-58% of coastal nuclear power plants (according to a delta T-u classification method) have non-neutral atmosphere formation according to meteorological observation data of nuclear power plant sites built and proposed in China, and the proportion of some inland nuclear power plants is up to 63-73%. The most severe of pollution often occurs in the stable lamellar conditions and stability affects the thickness, structure of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) and the velocity, temperature and turbulence profiles within the boundary layer, so stability and temperature lamellar characteristics are important and play a major role in the actual atmospheric pollutant diffusion problem.
Therefore, it is necessary to invent a simulation method and apparatus for building a temperature stratification in an environmental wind tunnel to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a temperature layer junction simulation device and method in an atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel, which can realize the simulation of a stable layer junction, a neutral layer junction and an unstable layer junction by taking different parameters for an incoming flow temperature control system, a temperature vehicle and a heatable cooling floor.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a temperature layer junction simulation device in an atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel comprises:
the system comprises an incoming flow temperature control system arranged on a wind tunnel stabilizing section, a temperature vehicle arranged at the front end of an experimental section and at least one heating and cooling floor arranged at the bottom of a tunnel body of the wind tunnel experimental section;
the temperature car is of a layered structure and is layered in the vertical direction, a triangular fin type electric heating belt is installed in each layer of channel, and each layer is an independent small electric heater and is separated by an upper heat insulation plate and a lower heat insulation plate;
the temperature vehicle is a detachable structure in the device.
Furthermore, the incoming flow temperature control system is of an oval rectangular finned tube structure.
Further, the temperature vehicle is divided into 21 layers in the vertical direction;
the bottom of the temperature car further comprises a moving wheel, and the moving wheel is fixed with the temperature car shell through a telescopic rod.
Further, the temperature vehicle also comprises a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is independently connected with each small electric heater, and the outlet temperature range of each small electric heater is 10-85 ℃.
Further, the temperature vehicle also comprises a rectification grating, and the rectification grating is arranged between each layer of the small electric heaters.
Further, a heat exchanger is arranged in the heating and cooling floor, and the temperature of the treated air flow ranges from 10 ℃ to 90 ℃.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a water circulation system, wherein the water circulation system is positioned outside the wind tunnel and is connected with the heatable cooling floor through a pipeline and a valve.
A method for simulating a temperature layer junction in an atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) setting parameters of an incoming flow temperature control system according to a preset temperature difference of a preset quasi-regulation curve, and controlling the incoming flow temperature within the range of 4-7 ℃ when the temperature difference is less than 30 ℃;
(2) when the temperature of the incoming flow is stable, setting the temperature of the temperature car in layers according to a preset calculated value of a layer junction curve of the temperature to be regulated, wherein TL is a temperature value set by each layer of the temperature car, and TTP is a calculated value of the temperature curve to be regulated;
(3) the heatable floor temperature was set to 0.8 times the calculated result of the temperature curve to be adjusted.
Further, when the temperature difference is more than 30 ℃, the temperature of the flow is controlled within the range of 8-10 ℃.
Further, after a preset time period, the temperature vehicle and/or the heatable and coolable floor are/is finely adjusted according to the temperature profile form of the wind direction concerned area.
The simulation device and the simulation method for the temperature layer junction in the atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel have the advantages that simulation of a stable layer junction, a neutral layer junction and an unstable layer junction can be achieved by taking different parameters for the incoming flow temperature control system, the temperature vehicle and the heatable cooling floor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of one embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the construction of one embodiment of the cart of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the method of the present invention;
fig. 4 shows the temperature profile (linear form T) at different x positions with x equal to 0m＝11+63.2·Z)；
Fig. 5 shows the temperature profile (linear form T) at different y points with x equal to 0m＝11+63.2·Z)；
Fig. 6 shows the temperature profile (linear form T) at different x positions with y equal to 0m＝18+29.8·Z)；
Fig. 7 shows the temperature profile (linear form T) at different y points with x equal to 0m＝18+29.8·Z)；
Fig. 8 shows the temperature profile (logarithmic form T) at different x positions with y equal to 0m＝4·ln(Z)+46)；
Fig. 9 shows the temperature profile (logarithmic form T) at different y points with x equal to 0m＝4·ln(Z)+46)。
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a side view of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. The device comprises: the system comprises an incoming flow temperature control system 1 arranged at a wind tunnel stabilizing section, a temperature vehicle 2 arranged at the front end of an experimental section and a heatable cooling floor 3 arranged at the bottom of a tunnel body of the wind tunnel experimental section.
The invention provides a simulation device of a temperature layer junction in an atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel, which realizes the simulation of the temperature layer junction by utilizing the mutual cooperation among an incoming flow temperature control system 1, a temperature vehicle 2 and a heatable cooling floor 3 in a given wind field. The specific working mechanism is as follows:
under the condition that a certain wind field is kept in the wind tunnel, the incoming flow temperature control system 1 is utilized to uniformly cool the external air flow entering the wind tunnel to a certain constant temperature, when the air flow at the certain constant temperature is uniformly heated by the temperature vehicle 2, gradient heating or isothermal heating is included, after the floor 3 is cooled by heating, the temperature gradient at the bottom can be changed, and a concerned temperature layer junction curve is formed in the wind direction in a wind tunnel test section.
The incoming flow temperature control system 1 is used for adjusting a background temperature field and forming the time required by a stable temperature layer junction, the temperatures of different layers of the temperature car 2 are mainly used for adjusting the integral temperature layer junction curve, and the heating and cooling floor 3 is mainly used for adjusting the temperature layer junction curve close to the floor in a boundary layer and simulating the underlying surfaces with different temperatures.
The main purpose of the incoming flow temperature control system 1 is to ensure that all the air flows entering the wind tunnel are at the same temperature. The incoming flow temperature control system 1 is of an elliptical rectangular finned tube structure. The temperature of the air at the inlet of the incoming flow temperature control system 1 is atmospheric temperature, the temperature at the outlet is adjustable, and the lowest temperature can reach 4 ℃. The cooling power is about 300KW, and the resistance is about 120 Pa.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the temperature vehicle.
The temperature vehicle 2 is provided for the purpose of heating the air flow passing through the incoming flow temperature control system 1 in a layered manner (gradient temperature) or uniformly as a whole. The temperature vehicle 2 is of a layered structure and is layered in the vertical direction, a triangular fin type electric heating belt 22 is installed in each layer of channel, and each layer is an independent small electric heater and is separated by an upper heat insulation plate 23 and a lower heat insulation plate 23. Through experimental measurement, preferably, the temperature vehicle 2 contains 21 layers of independent small electric heaters, and through the arrangement, the experimental requirements can be met without wasting materials.
The temperature vehicle 2 further comprises a temperature sensor 25, and the temperature sensor 25 is separately connected with each small electric heater. Each small electric heater is independently controlled, signals collected by the temperature sensor 25 are calculated by the PID operation module and then fed back to the temperature control module, the output power of the heater is changed to reach the set temperature, and the outlet temperature range of each small electric heater is 10 ℃ to up to
85 ℃. The total power of the electric heater is about 800kW, and the resistance is about 150 Pa.
In order to improve the uniformity of the outlet air temperature of the single-layer air, the temperature vehicle 2 further comprises a rectification grating 24, and the rectification grating 24 is arranged between each layer of small electric heaters for rectification.
The bottom of the temperature vehicle 2 further comprises a moving wheel 26, and the moving wheel 26 is fixed with the shell 21 of the temperature vehicle 2 through a telescopic rod. Preferably, the bottom of each temperature vehicle 2 comprises 4 moving wheels 26, and the height of the telescopic rod can be adjusted to enable the temperature vehicle 2 to meet wind tunnels with different heights. It should be noted that the temperature vehicle 2 is a detachable structure, and when the temperature simulation experiment is not performed, the temperature vehicle 2 can be moved out of the wind tunnel and replaced by an empty vehicle.
The purpose of arranging the heating and cooling floor 3 is to simulate different underlying surfaces, to simulate the influence process of different atmospheric stability on the atmospheric diffusion of pollutants, and to simulate complicated atmospheric flow and diffusion phenomena such as sea-land wind, urban heat island effect and the like. The interior of the heatable cooling floor 3 is provided with a heat exchanger, and the temperature range of the air flow after treatment is 10-90 ℃. Specifically, the inside of the heatable cooling floor 3 is provided with a heat exchanger of a high-frequency welded pipe.
The device also comprises a water circulation system, wherein the water circulation system is positioned outside the wind tunnel and is connected with the heatable cooling floor 3 through a pipeline and a valve. When cold water is introduced into the pipeline, the cooling floor 3 can be heated to cool the airflow in the wind tunnel, and when hot water is introduced, the airflow is heated.
The device comprises at least one heatable cooling floor 3, and when a plurality of heatable cooling floors 3 are included, the heatable cooling floors 3 are arranged side by side along the airflow direction.
Through a large number of experiments, the experimental scheme of the layer junction curves with different temperatures can be obtained by utilizing the device provided by the invention. As shown in table 1, the future flow temperature control system 1, the temperature vehicle 2, and the heatable cooling floor 3 are respectively set according to the parameters in table 1, and after a period of stabilization time, the corresponding temperature stratification curves can be obtained. Specific temperature stratification curves are shown in fig. 4-9. Wherein, the center of the turntable is taken as the origin, the downwind direction is the positive x direction, and the coordinate rule of the right hand is met. According to the scheme, when the different-temperature layer junction simulation is carried out (for example, the linear form stable layer junction is carried out), an ideal temperature layer junction curve can be obtained through simple debugging.
Different from the prior art, the temperature layer junction simulation device in the atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel provided by the invention can realize the simulation of a stable layer junction, a neutral layer junction and an unstable layer junction by taking different parameters for the incoming flow temperature control system, the temperature vehicle and the heatable cooling floor.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the method. The invention provides a method for simulating a temperature layer junction in an atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
step 101: and (3) setting parameters of the incoming flow temperature control system according to the temperature difference of the preset planned adjustment curve, and controlling the incoming flow temperature within the range of 4-7 ℃ when the temperature difference is less than 30 ℃.
Firstly, under a uniform flow field, according to a preset intended regulation curve, parameter setting is carried out on incoming flow temperature control. And calculating the temperature difference according to the maximum value and the minimum value of a preset to-be-adjusted curve, and controlling the temperature of the future flow within the range of 4-7 ℃ when the temperature difference is less than 30 ℃. When the temperature difference is more than 30 ℃, the temperature of the flow is controlled within the range of 8-10 ℃.
Step 102: when the temperature of the incoming flow is stable, the temperature of the temperature car is set in layers according to a preset calculated value of a layer junction curve of the temperature to be regulated, wherein TL is the set temperature value of each layer of the temperature car, and TTP is the calculated value of the temperature curve to be regulated.
The method comprises the steps of firstly converting the thickness of each layer of the temperature vehicle in the atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel in the vertical direction to obtain the height of each layer, then calculating values for a temperature curve to be regulated according to TTP to obtain temperature values with different heights, and finally obtaining the set temperature value of each layer of the temperature vehicle according to TL (total temperature of the temperature vehicle) 1.2.
Step 103: the heatable floor temperature was set to 0.8 times the calculated result of the temperature curve to be adjusted.
When the device comprises a plurality of heatable cooling floors, the heatable cooling floors are arranged side by side along the airflow direction, so that the heatable cooling floors are on the same horizontal line, and the heatable cooling floors are all set to the same temperature value when temperature stratification in the atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel is simulated in an experiment. Specifically, the heatable floor temperature was set to 0.8 times the calculated result of the temperature curve to be adjusted. Similar to the temperature setting of a temperature vehicle, the specific set point needs to be converted according to the height of the device.
After the temperature setting of the device is completed, the method further comprises the step of after a preset time period, when the airflow is stabilized, finely adjusting the temperature car and/or the heatable and coolable floor according to the temperature profile form of the wind direction concerned area so as to achieve the purpose of experiment.
The following description is given of an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 4-9 and table 1, fig. 4 shows the temperature profile (linear form T) at different x positions where x is 0m11+63.2 · Z); fig. 5 shows the temperature profile (linear form T) at different y points with x equal to 0m11+63.2 · Z); fig. 6 shows the temperature profile (linear form T) at different x positions with y equal to 0m18+29.8 · Z); fig. 7 shows the temperature profile (linear form T) at different y points with x equal to 0m18+29.8 · Z); fig. 8 shows the temperature profile (logarithmic form T) at different x positions with y equal to 0m4 · ln (z) + 46); fig. 9 shows the temperature profile (logarithmic form T) at different y points with x equal to 0mTable 1 shows an experimental scheme for a temperature stratification wind tunnel simulation.
TABLE 1
TABLE 1
In fig. 4-9, x, y, and z are three coordinate axes established by the experimental wind tunnel, x is the counter airflow direction, y is in the horizontal plane and perpendicular to x, and z is vertical and horizontal and upward. In this embodiment, 3 kinds of quasi-adjustment curves are included: t ism＝18+29.8·Z、Tm11+ 63.2. Z and Tm4 · ln (z) +46, where z to units are meters.
First, the temperature difference is calculated according to a preset quasi-regulation curve, since Tm18+ 29.8. Z and TmTemperature difference of 4 · ln (z) +46 is less than 30 ℃, future stream temperature is set to 4 ℃, TmThe temperature difference was greater than 30 ℃ in 11+63.2 · Z, and the stream temperature was set to 8 ℃.
And when the temperature of the incoming flow is stable, setting the temperature of the temperature car in a layered mode according to a preset calculation value of the temperature-adjusting layer-knot curve. The temperature car in the device has 21 layers, and each layer is assigned with a value according to the height of the temperature car. If the height of the first layer is 40 mm, it is converted to 0.04 m for calculation. The heatable floor temperature was then set to 0.8 times the calculated result of the temperature curve to be adjusted. When the airflow is stabilized, the temperature car or the heating and cooling floor is finely adjusted according to the temperature profile form of the wind direction concerned area so as to achieve the purpose of experiment. The set temperatures of the specific apparatus are shown in table 1, and the experimental results are shown in fig. 4 to 9. In other embodiments, the temperature of the vehicle or the heating and cooling floor can be adjusted at the same time, and the invention is not limited herein.
Different from the prior art, the temperature layer junction simulation method in the atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel provided by the invention can quickly achieve an experimental effect according to a preset temperature curve to be adjusted when the temperature layer junction in the atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel is simulated in an experiment.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the apparatus and method of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described in the detailed description, and the detailed description is for the purpose of explanation and not limitation. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for simulating a temperature layer junction in an atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) setting parameters of an incoming flow temperature control system according to a preset temperature difference of a preset quasi-regulation curve, and controlling the incoming flow temperature within the range of 4-7 ℃ when the temperature difference is less than 30 ℃;
(2) when the temperature of the incoming flow is stable, setting the temperature of the temperature car in layers according to a preset calculated value of a layer junction curve of the temperature to be regulated, wherein TL is a temperature value set by each layer of the temperature car, and TTP is a calculated value of the temperature curve to be regulated;
(3) the heatable floor temperature was set to 0.8 times the calculated result of the temperature curve to be adjusted.
2. The method for simulating the temperature stratification in the atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the setting of the parameters of the incoming flow temperature control system in step (1) further comprises: when the temperature difference is more than 30 ℃, the temperature of the flow is controlled within the range of 8-10 ℃.
3. The method for simulating the temperature stratification in the atmospheric boundary layer environment wind tunnel according to claim 1, further comprising the step of fine-tuning the temperature vehicle and/or the heatable cooling floor according to the temperature profile form of the wind direction region of interest after a preset time period.
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| CN110702357B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-06-26 | 华南理工大学 | Hot and humid climate wind tunnel and multi-field coupling control system thereof |
| CN111881630B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2023-09-15 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | System and method for establishing near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of nuclear facility |
| CN112178637B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2021-08-03 | 上海交通大学 | Flame stabilizing device convenient to adjust incoming flow |
| CN112556974A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-26 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计及测试技术研究所 | Large-scale heat-resisting little flat braced frame structure of multilayer that warp |
| CN113701983B (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2023-11-03 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Device applied to temperature field simulation in environmental wind tunnel |
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