CN111881630B - System and method for establishing near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of nuclear facility - Google Patents
System and method for establishing near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of nuclear facility Download PDFInfo
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- G06F30/28—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using fluid dynamics, e.g. using Navier-Stokes equations or computational fluid dynamics [CFD]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for establishing a nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel, comprising the following steps: the preprocessing module is used for setting boundary conditions and experimental conditions through a GUI interface, importing and processing a geometric model of the numerical wind tunnel simulation object, setting grid parameters and automatically generating grids; the CFD solver module is used for realizing steady-state model solving, isothermal or non-isothermal model solving, multi-component transfer model solving and Lagrange particle model solving, and providing a plurality of turbulence models by considering the influence of buoyancy; the numerical wind tunnel simulation module is used for selecting a corresponding turbulence model based on the preprocessing module and the CFD solver module, and performing numerical wind tunnel simulation on near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility to obtain a simulation result; and the post-processing module is used for automatically extracting various data in the simulation result and performing visual output. Based on the CFD principle, the invention selects a proper air turbulence model, and can accurately simulate near-field atmospheric diffusion of nuclear facilities.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radiation protection, in particular to a system and a method for establishing a nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel.
Background
In the fields of radiation protection and environmental protection, the airborne radionuclide atmospheric diffusion model is widely applied to the aspects of safety analysis, environmental impact evaluation, accident result analysis, nuclear accident emergency response, residence evaluation of a master control room and the like of nuclear facilities. The modified Gaussian and Lagrange models are widely accepted by the nuclear safety authorities of various countries and are applied to aspects such as simulation calculation of radiation environment influence evaluation, accident result evaluation and the like. However, in the actual situation, the flow field and the diffusion process of the near field of the nuclear facility are very complicated to be influenced by an actual building, unstable meteorological conditions and the like, and at present, most modes cannot effectively simulate the migration and diffusion process of the airborne radioactive substances in the near field range of the nuclear facility, so that the related radiation protection safety evaluation work of the nuclear facility is directly influenced.
Under such background conditions, from the viewpoints of nuclear safety and emergency response of emergencies, the problem of the diffusion influence of airborne radioactive substances on the near field and neighborhood scale of nuclear facilities is particularly important to be studied. In recent years, computational fluid dynamics (Computational Fluid Dynamics, CFD) methods have gradually become an effective means of studying the atmospheric diffusion law of nuclides.
At present, many researches on atmospheric diffusion simulation are carried out by using a CFD technology, but numerical wind tunnels aiming at the atmospheric environmental pollution problem are rarely reported. It is therefore important to design a system and method for establishing a nuclear facility near field environment analog value wind tunnel.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a system and a method for establishing a nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel, which can accurately simulate the near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility and visually and intuitively display the simulation result of the wind tunnel.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a system for establishing a nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel comprises:
the preprocessing module is used for setting boundary conditions and experimental conditions through a GUI interface, importing and processing a geometric model of the numerical wind tunnel simulation object, setting grid parameters and automatically generating grids;
the CFD solver module is used for realizing steady-state model solving, isothermal or non-isothermal model solving, multi-component transfer model solving and Lagrange particle model solving, and providing a plurality of turbulence models by considering the influence of buoyancy;
the numerical wind tunnel simulation module is used for selecting a corresponding turbulence model based on the preprocessing module and the CFD solver module, and performing numerical wind tunnel simulation on near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility to obtain a simulation result;
and the post-processing module is used for automatically extracting various data in the simulation result and visually outputting the data.
Further, the system for establishing the near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of the nuclear facility is characterized in that the GUI interface is established by an Ennova pre-post processor.
Further, the system for establishing the near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of the nuclear facility comprises the following steps of:
importing a geometric model of the numerical wind tunnel simulation object in an STL format;
and rotating the imported geometric model according to the simulation requirements of different wind directions.
Further, the system for establishing the near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of the nuclear facility comprises the following boundary conditions: inlet boundary conditions including profile distribution of velocity, temperature and turbulence intensity of fluid at the inlet boundary of the wind tunnel, and wall boundary conditions including temperature of different areas of the bottom wall, and roughness;
the experimental conditions include: geometric parameters of the wind tunnel test section area and physical parameters, wherein the physical parameters comprise: density of air and contaminants, dynamic viscosity, specific heat and thermal conductivity, and density of solid particles.
Further, the system for establishing the near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of the nuclear facility comprises: chimney discharge and cooling tower discharge;
the plurality of turbulence models includes: kEpsilon realizable model, kOmega-SST turbulence model, kEpsilon RNG model and kEpsilon RSM model.
Further, the system for establishing the near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of the nuclear facility as described above is characterized in that the post-processing module comprises: ensight post-processing visualization software;
the simulation result comprises: along any horizontal or vertical line, velocity component profile, concentration profile, temperature profile, turbulence profile, axial concentration, as well as three-dimensional flow fields, concentration fields, pressure fields, temperature fields.
A method for establishing a nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel comprises the following steps:
(1) Setting boundary conditions and experimental conditions through a GUI interface, importing and processing a geometric model of a numerical wind tunnel simulation object, setting grid parameters and automatically generating grids;
(2) The method comprises the steps of realizing steady-state model solving, isothermal or non-isothermal model solving, multi-component transfer model solving and Lagrange particle model solving through a CFD technology, and providing a plurality of turbulence models by considering the influence of buoyancy;
(3) Based on the steps (1) and (2), selecting a corresponding turbulence model, and performing numerical wind tunnel simulation on near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility to obtain a simulation result;
(4) And automatically extracting various data in the simulation result, and performing visual output.
Further, according to the method for establishing the nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel, the GUI interface is established through an Ennova pre-post processor;
the importing and processing the geometric model of the digital wind tunnel simulation object comprises the following steps:
importing a geometric model of the numerical wind tunnel simulation object in an STL format;
rotating the imported geometric model according to the simulation requirements of different wind directions;
the boundary conditions include: inlet boundary conditions including profile distribution of velocity, temperature and turbulence intensity of fluid at the inlet boundary of the wind tunnel, and wall boundary conditions including temperature of different areas of the bottom wall, and roughness;
the experimental conditions include: geometric parameters of the wind tunnel test section area and physical parameters, wherein the physical parameters comprise: density of air and contaminants, dynamic viscosity, specific heat and thermal conductivity, and density of solid particles.
Further, the method for establishing the near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of the nuclear facility comprises the following steps: chimney discharge and cooling tower discharge;
the plurality of turbulence models includes: kEpsilon realizable model, kOmega-SST turbulence model, kEpsilon RNG model and kEpsilon RSM model.
Further, as described above, the method for establishing a near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of a nuclear facility, the post-processing module includes: the step (4) comprises:
automatically extracting various data in the simulation result through the Ensight post-processing visualization software, and performing visual output;
the simulation result comprises: along any horizontal or vertical line, velocity component profile, concentration profile, temperature profile, turbulence profile, axial concentration, as well as three-dimensional flow fields, concentration fields, pressure fields, temperature fields.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the system and the method provided by the invention select a proper air turbulence model based on the CFD principle, and combine a certain numerical algorithm and a graphic display technology to accurately simulate the near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility and visually display the simulation result of the wind tunnel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for establishing a near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of a nuclear facility according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the location and dimensions of a chimney relative to a cube provided in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of CFD modeling wind tunnel coordinates provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow field comparison of numerical wind tunnels and STAR-CD provided in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing CO concentrations of a numerical wind tunnel and STAR-CD provided in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method for establishing a near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of a nuclear facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, a system for establishing a near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of a nuclear facility includes:
the preprocessing module is used for setting boundary conditions and experimental conditions through a GUI interface, importing and processing a geometric model of the numerical wind tunnel simulation object, setting grid parameters and automatically generating grids;
the CFD solver module is used for realizing steady-state model solving, isothermal or non-isothermal model solving, multi-component transfer model solving and Lagrange particle model solving, and providing a plurality of turbulence models by considering the influence of buoyancy;
the numerical wind tunnel simulation module is used for selecting a corresponding turbulence model based on the preprocessing module and the CFD solver module, and performing numerical wind tunnel simulation on near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility to obtain a simulation result;
and the post-processing module is used for automatically extracting various data in the simulation result and performing visual output.
The GUI interface is created by the Ennova pre-post processor.
The importing and processing the geometric model of the numerical wind tunnel simulation object comprises the following steps:
importing a geometric model of the numerical wind tunnel simulation object in an STL format;
and rotating the imported geometric model according to the simulation requirements of different wind directions.
Boundary conditions include: inlet boundary conditions including profile distribution of velocity, temperature and turbulence intensity of the fluid at the inlet boundary of the wind tunnel, and wall boundary conditions including temperature of different areas of the bottom wall, and roughness.
The experimental conditions included: geometric parameters of the wind tunnel test section area and physical parameters, wherein the physical parameters comprise: density of air and contaminants, dynamic viscosity, specific heat and thermal conductivity, and density of solid particles.
The multicomponent delivery model comprises: chimney emissions and cooling towers emit two components.
The various turbulence models include: kEpsilon realizable model, kOmega-SST turbulence model, kEpsilon RNG model and kEpsilon RSM model.
The post-processing module includes: ensight post-processing visualization software.
The simulation results include: along any horizontal or vertical line, velocity component profile, concentration profile, temperature profile, turbulence profile, axial concentration, as well as three-dimensional flow fields, concentration fields, pressure fields, temperature fields.
Compared with the traditional wind tunnel experiment, the numerical wind tunnel has the advantages of short experiment period and low cost; various parameters can be conveniently modified, and the design scheme is optimized; the method is free from the trouble of the problems of similarity law and the like in wind tunnel tests, and has the capability of simulating real and ideal conditions; the model is not limited by the number of measuring points and the arrangement positions, can completely acquire a flow field, a concentration field and the like, and realizes the visualization of the result.
The numerical wind tunnel is based on the CFD principle, a proper air turbulence model is selected, and a certain numerical algorithm and a graphic display technology are combined, so that the near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility can be accurately simulated, and the wind tunnel simulation result can be vividly and intuitively displayed.
And combining the requirements of national nuclear facility environmental impact evaluation and emergency response, and establishing a nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel by using a CFD technology and assisting wind tunnel experiment verification. The method has important scientific significance and application value for evaluating the influence of the radiation environment, and can provide important technical support for emergency decision of nuclear accidents.
The invention can be applied to the aspects of environmental impact evaluation, accident consequence analysis, nuclear accident emergency response, residence evaluation of a master control room and the like of nuclear facilities. The traditional wind tunnel simulation experiment at present can be simplified, and research under experimental conditions which are difficult to realize in the wind tunnel, such as research on influence of temperature layer junction, cooling tower local circulation on diffusion and the like, can be carried out.
Example 1
The numerical wind tunnel simulation and verification process of the standard volumetric model is described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 2-3, the standard body is a cube, and the chimney diameter d=1.0 mm, wherein three types of relative positions between the chimney and the cube are respectively a chimney position F (the chimney is located in the upwind direction of the cube), a chimney position O (the chimney is located in the center above the cube), and a chimney position H (the chimney is located in the downwind direction of the cube).
In CFD modeling, the center of the cube is taken as a reference point of X and Y (the coordinates of X and Y are zero), and the lower surface of the cube (the ground of a wind tunnel) is taken as a reference point of Z coordinate (the coordinate of Z is zero).
The simulation area of the CFD is a test section area of the wind tunnel, and the geometric dimensions of the simulation area are as follows: length (X direction): 17m, width (Y direction): 1.5m, and a height (Z direction) of 1m. The zero point of the model is located at the positions of 8.5m, 0.75m and 0m in length, width and height respectively.
Considering that the overall temperature difference is small (at around 298K) during the wind tunnel test, the wind tunnel inlet temperature and the wall boundary temperature are both set to 298K. Physical parameters of air, such as dynamic viscosity, specific heat, thermal conductivity and the like are constant values, and the density is calculated according to ideal gas.
The initial temperature of the flow field was set at 298K and the velocities were all 0m/s.
The comparative analysis of the simulation results was performed for the stack position O.
(1) Flow field
Fig. 4 is a flow field comparison graph of the numerical wind tunnel and STAR-CD (cross section through chimney center y=0). Based on the simulation results of the numerical wind tunnel and the STAR-CD, as can be seen from FIG. 4, the calculated speed fields of the numerical wind tunnel and the STAR-CD are basically consistent, and the influence of the building on the flow field can be better simulated. For diffusion of contaminants, flow field uniformity is a precondition for uniform contaminant concentration distribution.
(2) Concentration field
For ease of comparison, the maximum value of the CO mass fraction scale is set to 0.0005 here. Fig. 5 is a graph of CO concentration versus number wind tunnel and STAR-CD (cross section through chimney center y=0). As can be seen in FIG. 5, the numerical wind tunnel is in agreement with the STAR-CD contaminant concentration profile.
As shown in fig. 6, a method for establishing a near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of a nuclear facility includes:
s100, setting boundary conditions and experimental conditions through a GUI interface, importing and processing a geometric model of a numerical wind tunnel simulation object, setting grid parameters and automatically generating grids;
s200, solving a steady-state model, solving an isothermal or non-isothermal model, solving a multi-component transfer model and solving a Lagrange particle model through a CFD technology, and providing a plurality of turbulence models by considering the influence of buoyancy;
s300, selecting a corresponding turbulence model based on the S100 and the S200, and performing numerical wind tunnel simulation on near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility to obtain a simulation result;
s400, automatically extracting various data in the simulation result, and performing visual output.
The GUI interface is created by the Ennova pre-post processor.
The importing and processing the geometric model of the numerical wind tunnel simulation object comprises the following steps:
importing a geometric model of the numerical wind tunnel simulation object in an STL format;
and rotating the imported geometric model according to the simulation requirements of different wind directions.
Boundary conditions include: inlet boundary conditions including profile distribution of velocity, temperature and turbulence intensity of the fluid at the inlet boundary of the wind tunnel, and wall boundary conditions including temperature of different areas of the bottom wall, and roughness.
The experimental conditions included: geometric parameters of the wind tunnel test section area and physical parameters, wherein the physical parameters comprise: density of air and contaminants, dynamic viscosity, specific heat and thermal conductivity, and density of solid particles.
The multicomponent delivery model comprises: chimney emissions and cooling towers emit two components.
The various turbulence models include: kEpsilon realizable model, kOmega-SST turbulence model, kEpsilon RNG model and kEpsilon RSM model.
Step S400 includes:
and (5) automatically extracting various data in the simulation result through the Ensight post-processing visualization software, and performing visual output.
The simulation results include: along any horizontal or vertical line, velocity component profile, concentration profile, temperature profile, turbulence profile, axial concentration, as well as three-dimensional flow fields, concentration fields, pressure fields, temperature fields.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The system for establishing the near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of the nuclear facility is characterized by comprising the following components:
the preprocessing module is used for setting boundary conditions and experimental conditions through a GUI interface, importing and processing a geometric model of the numerical wind tunnel simulation object, setting grid parameters and automatically generating grids;
the CFD solver module is used for realizing steady-state model solving, isothermal or non-isothermal model solving, multi-component transfer model solving and Lagrange particle model solving, and providing a plurality of turbulence models by considering the influence of buoyancy;
the numerical wind tunnel simulation module is used for selecting a corresponding turbulence model based on the preprocessing module and the CFD solver module, and performing numerical wind tunnel simulation on near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility to obtain a simulation result;
the post-processing module is used for automatically extracting various data in the simulation result and visually outputting the data;
the GUI interface is built by an Ennova pre-processor and a Ennova post-processor;
the importing and processing the geometric model of the digital wind tunnel simulation object comprises the following steps:
importing a geometric model of the numerical wind tunnel simulation object in an STL format;
rotating the imported geometric model according to the simulation requirements of different wind directions;
the boundary conditions include: inlet boundary conditions including profile distribution of velocity, temperature and turbulence intensity of fluid at the inlet boundary of the wind tunnel, and wall boundary conditions including temperature of different areas of the bottom wall, and roughness;
the experimental conditions include: geometric parameters of the wind tunnel test section area and physical parameters, wherein the physical parameters comprise: density of air and contaminants, dynamic viscosity, specific heat and thermal conductivity, and density of solid particles.
2. The system for establishing a nuclear facility near field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the multicomponent transfer model comprises: chimney discharge and cooling tower discharge;
the plurality of turbulence models includes: kEpsilon realizable model, kOmega-SST turbulence model, kEpsilon RNG model and kEpsilon RSM model.
3. The system for establishing a nuclear facility near field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the post-processing module comprises: ensight post-processing visualization software;
the simulation result comprises: along any horizontal or vertical line, velocity component profile, concentration profile, temperature profile, turbulence profile, axial concentration, as well as three-dimensional flow fields, concentration fields, pressure fields, temperature fields.
4. The method for establishing the near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of the nuclear facility is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Setting boundary conditions and experimental conditions through a GUI interface, importing and processing a geometric model of a numerical wind tunnel simulation object, setting grid parameters and automatically generating grids;
(2) The method comprises the steps of realizing steady-state model solving, isothermal or non-isothermal model solving, multi-component transfer model solving and Lagrange particle model solving through a CFD technology, and providing a plurality of turbulence models by considering the influence of buoyancy;
(3) Based on the steps (1) and (2), selecting a corresponding turbulence model, and performing numerical wind tunnel simulation on near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility to obtain a simulation result;
(4) Automatically extracting various data in the simulation result, and visually outputting;
the GUI interface is built by an Ennova pre-processor and a Ennova post-processor;
the importing and processing the geometric model of the digital wind tunnel simulation object comprises the following steps:
importing a geometric model of the numerical wind tunnel simulation object in an STL format;
rotating the imported geometric model according to the simulation requirements of different wind directions;
the boundary conditions include: inlet boundary conditions including profile distribution of velocity, temperature and turbulence intensity of fluid at the inlet boundary of the wind tunnel, and wall boundary conditions including temperature of different areas of the bottom wall, and roughness;
the experimental conditions include: geometric parameters of the wind tunnel test section area and physical parameters, wherein the physical parameters comprise: density of air and contaminants, dynamic viscosity, specific heat and thermal conductivity, and density of solid particles.
5. The method for establishing a near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of a nuclear facility according to claim 4, wherein the multicomponent transfer model comprises: chimney discharge and cooling tower discharge;
the plurality of turbulence models includes: kEpsilon realizable model, kOmega-SST turbulence model, kEpsilon RNG model and kEpsilon RSM model.
6. The method for establishing a near field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel for a nuclear facility according to claim 4, wherein the step (4) comprises:
automatically extracting various data in the simulation result through the Ensight post-processing visualization software, and performing visual output;
the simulation result comprises: along any horizontal or vertical line, velocity component profile, concentration profile, temperature profile, turbulence profile, axial concentration, as well as three-dimensional flow fields, concentration fields, pressure fields, temperature fields.
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| CN112528571B (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2023-05-23 | 武汉理工大学 | Modeling method suitable for numerical wind tunnel simulation of near-ground turbulence characteristics |
| CN113505544A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-10-15 | 清华大学 | Bicycle motion virtual numerical value wind tunnel system based on finite volume method |
| CN113624439B (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2023-11-10 | 中汽研（天津）汽车工程研究院有限公司 | Automobile environment wind tunnel simulation method based on digital twin technology |
| CN113822001B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-22 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | Airflow design method for open type blowing simulation system of sealed laboratory |
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