CN111881630A - System and method for establishing near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of nuclear facility - Google Patents
System and method for establishing near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of nuclear facility Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for establishing a near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of nuclear facilities, which comprises the following steps: the system comprises a preprocessing module, a data processing module and a data processing module, wherein the preprocessing module is used for setting boundary conditions and experimental conditions through a GUI (graphical user interface), importing and processing a geometric model of a numerical wind tunnel simulation object, setting grid parameters and automatically generating grids; the CFD solver module is used for realizing steady-state model solution, isothermal or non-isothermal model solution, multi-component transfer model solution and Lagrange particle model solution, and providing various turbulence models by considering the influence of buoyancy lift force; the numerical wind tunnel simulation module is used for selecting a corresponding turbulence model based on the pretreatment module and the CFD solver module, and performing numerical wind tunnel simulation on near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility to obtain a simulation result; and the post-processing module is used for automatically extracting various data in the simulation result and carrying out visual output. The method is based on the CFD principle, selects a proper air turbulence model, and can accurately simulate the near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radiation protection, in particular to a system and a method for establishing a near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of nuclear facilities.
Background
In the fields of radiation protection and environmental protection, the airborne radionuclide atmospheric diffusion model is widely applied to the aspects of safety analysis, environmental impact evaluation, accident consequence analysis, nuclear accident emergency response, main control room habitability evaluation and the like of nuclear facilities. The modified Gaussian and Lagrange models are generally accepted by various national nuclear safety management organizations and are applied to aspects of simulating and calculating radiation environment influence evaluation, accident consequence evaluation and the like. However, in actual situations, the flow field and diffusion process of the near field of the nuclear facility are affected by actual buildings, unstable meteorological conditions and the like, and most of the current modes cannot effectively simulate the migration and diffusion process of airborne radioactive substances in the near field range of the nuclear facility, so that the related radiation protection safety evaluation work of the nuclear facility is directly affected.
Under such background conditions, it is important to deeply study the diffusion influence of airborne radioactive materials in the near field and neighborhood dimensions of nuclear facilities from the perspective of nuclear safety and emergency response. In recent years, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods have become effective means for studying the atmospheric diffusion law of nuclides.
At present, the CFD technology is applied to carry out atmospheric diffusion simulation, but numerical wind tunnels aiming at the problem of atmospheric environmental pollution are rarely reported. Therefore, it is very important to design a system and a method for establishing a near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of a nuclear facility.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a system and a method for establishing a nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel, which can accurately simulate the near-field atmospheric diffusion of a nuclear facility and visually display the simulation result of the wind tunnel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel establishment system comprises:
the system comprises a preprocessing module, a data processing module and a data processing module, wherein the preprocessing module is used for setting boundary conditions and experimental conditions through a GUI (graphical user interface), importing and processing a geometric model of a numerical wind tunnel simulation object, setting grid parameters and automatically generating grids;
the CFD solver module is used for realizing steady-state model solution, isothermal or non-isothermal model solution, multi-component transfer model solution and Lagrange particle model solution, and providing various turbulence models by considering the influence of buoyancy lift force;
the numerical wind tunnel simulation module is used for selecting a corresponding turbulence model based on the pretreatment module and the CFD solver module, and performing numerical wind tunnel simulation on near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility to obtain a simulation result;
and the post-processing module is used for automatically extracting various types of data in the simulation result and carrying out visual output.
Further, according to the system for establishing the nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel, the GUI interface is established through an Ennova pre-processor and an Ennova post-processor.
Further, the above system for establishing a nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel includes:
importing a geometric model of a numerical wind tunnel simulation object in an STL format;
and rotating the imported geometric model according to the simulation requirements of different wind directions.
Further, the system for establishing the near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of the nuclear facility as described above, wherein the boundary conditions include: the method comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining inlet boundary conditions and wall boundary conditions, wherein the inlet boundary conditions comprise the profile distribution of the velocity, the temperature and the turbulence intensity of fluid at the wind tunnel inlet boundary, and the wall boundary conditions comprise the temperature and the roughness of different areas of the bottom wall;
the experimental conditions include: geometric parameters of a wind tunnel test section area and physical parameters, wherein the physical parameters comprise: density of air and contaminants, kinematic viscosity, specific heat and thermal conductivity, and density of solid particles.
Further, the system for establishing a near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of a nuclear facility as described above, where the multicomponent transfer model includes: two components are discharged from a chimney and a cooling tower;
the plurality of turbulence models includes: a kEpsilon realizable model, a kOmega-SST turbulence model, a kEpsilon RNG model, and a kEpsilon RSM model.
Further, the system for establishing a nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel as described above is characterized in that the post-processing module includes: ensight post-processing visualization software;
the simulation result comprises: velocity component profiles, concentration profiles, temperature profiles, turbulence profiles, axis concentrations, and three-dimensional flow, concentration, pressure, and temperature fields along any horizontal or vertical line.
A method for establishing a nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel comprises the following steps:
(1) setting boundary conditions and experimental conditions through a GUI interface, importing and processing a geometric model of a numerical wind tunnel simulation object, setting grid parameters and automatically generating a grid;
(2) the method comprises the steps of realizing steady-state model solving, isothermal or non-isothermal model solving, multi-component transfer model solving and Lagrange particle model solving through a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) technology, and providing various turbulence models by considering the influence of buoyancy lift force;
(3) selecting a corresponding turbulence model based on the steps (1) and (2), and carrying out numerical wind tunnel simulation on the near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility to obtain a simulation result;
(4) and automatically extracting various types of data in the simulation result, and performing visual output.
Further, according to the method for establishing the nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel, the GUI interface is established through an Ennova front processor and a rear processor;
the geometric model for importing and processing the numerical wind tunnel simulation object comprises the following steps:
importing a geometric model of a numerical wind tunnel simulation object in an STL format;
rotating the introduced geometric model according to the simulation requirements of different wind directions;
the boundary conditions include: the method comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining inlet boundary conditions and wall boundary conditions, wherein the inlet boundary conditions comprise the profile distribution of the velocity, the temperature and the turbulence intensity of fluid at the wind tunnel inlet boundary, and the wall boundary conditions comprise the temperature and the roughness of different areas of the bottom wall;
the experimental conditions include: geometric parameters of a wind tunnel test section area and physical parameters, wherein the physical parameters comprise: density of air and contaminants, kinematic viscosity, specific heat and thermal conductivity, and density of solid particles.
Further, the method for establishing a nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel as described above includes: two components are discharged from a chimney and a cooling tower;
the plurality of turbulence models includes: a kEpsilon realizable model, a kOmega-SST turbulence model, a kEpsilon RNG model, and a kEpsilon RSM model.
Further, according to the method for establishing the nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel, the post-processing module includes: the step (4) comprises the following steps:
automatically extracting various data in the simulation result through Ensight post-processing visualization software, and performing visualization output;
the simulation result comprises: velocity component profiles, concentration profiles, temperature profiles, turbulence profiles, axis concentrations, and three-dimensional flow, concentration, pressure, and temperature fields along any horizontal or vertical line.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the system and the method provided by the invention are based on the CFD principle, select a proper air turbulence model, and combine with a certain numerical algorithm and a graph display technology, so that the near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility can be accurately simulated, and the wind tunnel simulation result can be vividly and intuitively displayed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for establishing a near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of a nuclear facility according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the position and dimensions of a chimney relative to a cube provided in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of CFD modeling wind tunnel coordinates provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a comparison of the flow fields of a numerical wind tunnel and STAR-CD provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing CO concentration of a numerical wind tunnel and STAR-CD provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a method for establishing a near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel for a nuclear facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, a system for establishing a near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of a nuclear facility includes:
the system comprises a preprocessing module, a data processing module and a data processing module, wherein the preprocessing module is used for setting boundary conditions and experimental conditions through a GUI (graphical user interface), importing and processing a geometric model of a numerical wind tunnel simulation object, setting grid parameters and automatically generating grids;
the CFD solver module is used for realizing steady-state model solution, isothermal or non-isothermal model solution, multi-component transfer model solution and Lagrange particle model solution, and providing various turbulence models by considering the influence of buoyancy lift force;
the numerical wind tunnel simulation module is used for selecting a corresponding turbulence model based on the pretreatment module and the CFD solver module, and performing numerical wind tunnel simulation on near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility to obtain a simulation result;
and the post-processing module is used for automatically extracting various data in the simulation result and carrying out visual output.
The GUI interface is established by an Ennova pre-processor and a Ennova post-processor.
The method for importing and processing the geometric model of the numerical wind tunnel simulation object comprises the following steps:
importing a geometric model of a numerical wind tunnel simulation object in an STL format;
and rotating the imported geometric model according to the simulation requirements of different wind directions.
The boundary conditions include: the wind tunnel comprises inlet boundary conditions and wall boundary conditions, wherein the inlet boundary conditions comprise the profile distribution of the velocity, the temperature and the turbulence intensity of fluid at the wind tunnel inlet boundary, and the wall boundary conditions comprise the temperature and the roughness of different areas of the bottom wall.
The experimental conditions included: geometric parameters of a wind tunnel test section area and physical parameters, wherein the physical parameters comprise: density of air and contaminants, kinematic viscosity, specific heat and thermal conductivity, and density of solid particles.
The multi-component delivery model comprises: stack emissions and cooling tower emissions are two components.
Various turbulence models include: a kEpsilon realizable model, a kOmega-SST turbulence model, a kEpsilon RNG model, and a kEpsilon RSM model.
The post-processing module comprises: and E, processing visualization software after Ensight.
The simulation results include: velocity component profiles, concentration profiles, temperature profiles, turbulence profiles, axis concentrations, and three-dimensional flow, concentration, pressure, and temperature fields along any horizontal or vertical line.
Compared with the traditional wind tunnel experiment, the numerical wind tunnel has short test period and low cost; various parameters can be conveniently modified, and the design scheme can be optimized; the method is not disturbed by the problems of similarity law and the like in the wind tunnel test, and has the capability of simulating real and ideal conditions; the model is not limited by the number of measurement points and arrangement parts, a flow field, a concentration field and the like can be completely acquired, and the visualization of results is realized.
The numerical wind tunnel is based on the CFD principle, selects a proper air turbulence model, combines a certain numerical algorithm and a graph display technology, can accurately simulate the near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility, and visually displays the wind tunnel simulation result.
The method is characterized in that a CFD technology is used and wind tunnel experiment verification is assisted to establish a near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel of the nuclear facility by combining the requirements of environmental impact evaluation and emergency response of the nuclear facility in China. The method has important scientific significance and application value for evaluating the radiation environment influence, and can provide important technical support for emergency decision of nuclear accidents.
The method can be applied to the aspects of environmental impact evaluation, accident consequence analysis, nuclear accident emergency response, main control room habitability evaluation and the like of nuclear facilities. The method can simplify the traditional wind tunnel simulation experiment at present, and develop the research under the experimental conditions which are difficult to realize in the wind tunnel, such as the research on the influence of temperature stratification, local circulation of a cooling tower on diffusion and the like.
Example one
The numerical wind tunnel simulation and verification process of the standard body model is described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 2-3, the standard body is a cube, and the diameter d of the chimney is 1.0mm, wherein there are three relative positions between the chimney and the cube, namely a chimney position F (the chimney is located on the cube in the wind direction), a chimney position O (the chimney is located at the center above the cube), and a chimney position H (the chimney is located below the cube in the wind direction).
During CFD modeling, the center of a cube is taken as a datum point of X and Y (coordinates of X and Y are zero), and the lower surface of the cube (wind tunnel ground) is taken as a datum point of Z coordinate (coordinate of Z is zero).
The simulation area of the CFD is a test section area of the wind tunnel, and the geometric dimension of the simulation area is as follows: long (X direction): 17m, wide (Y direction): 1.5m and 1m high (Z direction). The zero point of the model is located at a position of 8.5m, 0.75m and 0m in length, width and height, respectively.
Considering that the overall temperature difference is small (around 298K) in the wind tunnel test, the wind tunnel inlet temperature and the wall surface boundary temperature are both 298K. The physical parameters of air, such as dynamic viscosity, specific heat, thermal conductivity, etc. are constant values, and the density is calculated according to the ideal gas.
The initial temperature of the flow field was set at 298K and the velocities were all 0 m/s.
Comparative analysis of the simulation results was performed for the chimney position O.
(1) Flow field
Fig. 4 is a comparison of the flow fields of a numerical wind tunnel and STAR-CD (cross section through the center Y of the stack equal to 0). Based on the simulation results of the numerical wind tunnel and the STAR-CD, as can be seen from FIG. 4, the velocity fields calculated by the numerical wind tunnel and the STAR-CD are basically consistent, and the influence of the buildings on the flow field can be well simulated. For the diffusion of pollutants, the consistency of the flow field is a precondition of the consistency of the distribution of the concentration of the pollutants.
(2) Concentration field
For ease of comparison, the maximum value on the CO mass fraction scale is set to 0.0005 here. Fig. 5 is a graph comparing CO concentration of a numerical wind tunnel and STAR-CD (cross section through the center Y of the stack as 0). As can be seen in FIG. 5, the numerical wind tunnel is consistent with the STAR-CD pollutant concentration profile.
As shown in fig. 6, a method for establishing a near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel for nuclear facilities includes:
s100, setting boundary conditions and experimental conditions through a GUI (graphical user interface), importing and processing a geometric model of a numerical wind tunnel simulation object, setting grid parameters and automatically generating a grid;
s200, realizing steady-state model solution, isothermal or non-isothermal model solution, multi-component transfer model solution and Lagrange particle model solution through a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) technology, and providing a plurality of turbulence models by considering the influence of buoyancy lift force;
s300, selecting a corresponding turbulence model based on S100 and S200, and performing numerical wind tunnel simulation on near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility to obtain a simulation result;
and S400, automatically extracting various data in the simulation result and carrying out visual output.
The GUI interface is established by an Ennova pre-processor and a Ennova post-processor.
The method for importing and processing the geometric model of the numerical wind tunnel simulation object comprises the following steps:
importing a geometric model of a numerical wind tunnel simulation object in an STL format;
and rotating the imported geometric model according to the simulation requirements of different wind directions.
The boundary conditions include: the wind tunnel comprises inlet boundary conditions and wall boundary conditions, wherein the inlet boundary conditions comprise the profile distribution of the velocity, the temperature and the turbulence intensity of fluid at the wind tunnel inlet boundary, and the wall boundary conditions comprise the temperature and the roughness of different areas of the bottom wall.
The experimental conditions included: geometric parameters of a wind tunnel test section area and physical parameters, wherein the physical parameters comprise: density of air and contaminants, kinematic viscosity, specific heat and thermal conductivity, and density of solid particles.
The multi-component delivery model comprises: stack emissions and cooling tower emissions are two components.
Various turbulence models include: a kEpsilon realizable model, a kOmega-SST turbulence model, a kEpsilon RNG model, and a kEpsilon RSM model.
Step S400 includes:
and automatically extracting various types of data in the simulation result through Ensight post-processing visualization software, and performing visualization output.
The simulation results include: velocity component profiles, concentration profiles, temperature profiles, turbulence profiles, axis concentrations, and three-dimensional flow, concentration, pressure, and temperature fields along any horizontal or vertical line.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel establishment system is characterized by comprising:
the system comprises a preprocessing module, a data processing module and a data processing module, wherein the preprocessing module is used for setting boundary conditions and experimental conditions through a GUI (graphical user interface), importing and processing a geometric model of a numerical wind tunnel simulation object, setting grid parameters and automatically generating grids;
the CFD solver module is used for realizing steady-state model solution, isothermal or non-isothermal model solution, multi-component transfer model solution and Lagrange particle model solution, and providing various turbulence models by considering the influence of buoyancy lift force;
the numerical wind tunnel simulation module is used for selecting a corresponding turbulence model based on the pretreatment module and the CFD solver module, and performing numerical wind tunnel simulation on near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility to obtain a simulation result;
and the post-processing module is used for automatically extracting various types of data in the simulation result and carrying out visual output.
2. The system for establishing the nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the GUI interface is established through an Ennova pre-processor and an Ennova post-processor.
3. The system for establishing the nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the importing and processing of the geometric model of the numerical wind tunnel simulation object comprises:
importing a geometric model of a numerical wind tunnel simulation object in an STL format;
and rotating the imported geometric model according to the simulation requirements of different wind directions.
4. The system for establishing the nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the boundary conditions comprise: the method comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining inlet boundary conditions and wall boundary conditions, wherein the inlet boundary conditions comprise the profile distribution of the velocity, the temperature and the turbulence intensity of fluid at the wind tunnel inlet boundary, and the wall boundary conditions comprise the temperature and the roughness of different areas of the bottom wall;
the experimental conditions include: geometric parameters of a wind tunnel test section area and physical parameters, wherein the physical parameters comprise: density of air and contaminants, kinematic viscosity, specific heat and thermal conductivity, and density of solid particles.
5. The system for establishing the nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the multi-component transfer model comprises: two components are discharged from a chimney and a cooling tower;
the plurality of turbulence models includes: a kEpsilon realizable model, a kOmega-SST turbulence model, a kEpsilon RNG model, and a kEpsilon RSM model.
6. The system for establishing the nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the post-processing module comprises: ensight post-processing visualization software;
the simulation result comprises: velocity component profiles, concentration profiles, temperature profiles, turbulence profiles, axis concentrations, and three-dimensional flow, concentration, pressure, and temperature fields along any horizontal or vertical line.
7. A method for establishing a nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) setting boundary conditions and experimental conditions through a GUI interface, importing and processing a geometric model of a numerical wind tunnel simulation object, setting grid parameters and automatically generating a grid;
(2) the method comprises the steps of realizing steady-state model solving, isothermal or non-isothermal model solving, multi-component transfer model solving and Lagrange particle model solving through a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) technology, and providing various turbulence models by considering the influence of buoyancy lift force;
(3) selecting a corresponding turbulence model based on the steps (1) and (2), and carrying out numerical wind tunnel simulation on the near-field atmospheric diffusion of the nuclear facility to obtain a simulation result;
(4) and automatically extracting various types of data in the simulation result, and performing visual output.
8. The method for establishing the nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel according to claim 7, wherein the GUI interface is established by an Ennova pre-processor and an Ennova post-processor;
the geometric model for importing and processing the numerical wind tunnel simulation object comprises the following steps:
importing a geometric model of a numerical wind tunnel simulation object in an STL format;
rotating the introduced geometric model according to the simulation requirements of different wind directions;
the boundary conditions include: the method comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining inlet boundary conditions and wall boundary conditions, wherein the inlet boundary conditions comprise the profile distribution of the velocity, the temperature and the turbulence intensity of fluid at the wind tunnel inlet boundary, and the wall boundary conditions comprise the temperature and the roughness of different areas of the bottom wall;
the experimental conditions include: geometric parameters of a wind tunnel test section area and physical parameters, wherein the physical parameters comprise: density of air and contaminants, kinematic viscosity, specific heat and thermal conductivity, and density of solid particles.
9. The method for establishing the nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel according to claim 7, wherein the multi-component transfer model comprises: two components are discharged from a chimney and a cooling tower;
the plurality of turbulence models includes: a kEpsilon realizable model, a kOmega-SST turbulence model, a kEpsilon RNG model, and a kEpsilon RSM model.
10. The method for establishing the nuclear facility near-field environment simulation numerical wind tunnel according to claim 7, wherein the step (4) comprises the following steps:
automatically extracting various data in the simulation result through Ensight post-processing visualization software, and performing visualization output;
the simulation result comprises: velocity component profiles, concentration profiles, temperature profiles, turbulence profiles, axis concentrations, and three-dimensional flow, concentration, pressure, and temperature fields along any horizontal or vertical line.
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