CN208873378U - A kind of simulator that research wind environment moderate heat overflow is spread in long-narrow confined space - Google Patents
A kind of simulator that research wind environment moderate heat overflow is spread in long-narrow confined space Download PDFInfo
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- CN208873378U CN208873378U CN201820960612.9U CN201820960612U CN208873378U CN 208873378 U CN208873378 U CN 208873378U CN 201820960612 U CN201820960612 U CN 201820960612U CN 208873378 U CN208873378 U CN 208873378U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of simulators that research wind environment moderate heat overflow is spread in long-narrow confined space, its can after fire occurs similar to long-narrow confined space as the paddy of street for experiment indoor simulation when side applies different wind environments fire overflow sprawling situation, the influence of different wind speed, different long-narrow confined space width, fire source power, room opening size on fire, room unit on fire to long-narrow confined space endogenous fire overflow sprawling characteristic can be studied.The present apparatus mainly includes simulator main body, outer barricade, supply air system and matched TT&C system, simulator main body and outer barricade one long and narrow restricted clearance of composition, and structure is simple, easy to operate.It by the combination with outer barricade and supply air system, realizes under acting on different affecting factors, the comprehensive and systematic research such as long-narrow confined space endogenous fire overflow flow behavior, Temperature Distribution, VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION, radiant heat flux distribution.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to technical field of fire hazard safety, in specially a kind of research wind environment, fiery overflow it is long and narrow by
Limit the imitative experimental appliance spread in space.It, can be not for the influence that ambient wind spreads long-narrow confined space fire overflow
Same restricted clearance side applies the flow behavior of different wind environment research restricted clearance fire overflows.
Background technique
In recent years, with the quickening of Urbanization in China, urban construction flourish and to city space it is efficient
Using highlighting for necessity, highdensity compact development mode is increasingly presented in urban land, although improve site coverage and
Building floor area ratio increases more city use spaces, also results in the mischievous compressing of Building space environment.In building dense area,
It is particularly easy to form long and narrow microenvironment between building, inside the long-narrow confined space under the action of extraneous wind environment, meeting
The air motion being similar in valley is formed, internal part wind speed can be much larger than ambient wind velocity, this will be to its inner atmosphere
The sprawling of flue gas and the intensity of a fire has an impact in the distribution and fire working of middle pollutant.
Building occur fire after, when room on fire fire development arrive certain scale, high-temperature flue gas generate hot pressing with
Heat radiation will lead to exterior window rupture, and high-temperature flue gas is sprayed entrainment of flame from glass rent, rise shape under the action of buoyancy
At fiery overflow.In building dense area, since both sides building is closer, once wherein fire occurs for side building, it is likely that
Other side building is impacted.The flow behavior of long-narrow confined space endogenous fire overflow not only with fire source size, room knot on fire
Structure, alien invasion hatch frame and size are closely related, and outer spatial configuration and extraneous wind environment are also to influence its flow behavior
Principal element.In long-narrow confined space, due to narrow space, local wind speed is big, fire spreading very likely downstream or
Building sprawling is closed on, uncontrollable large-scale scene of a fire is formed.Therefore, research intensive builds the long-narrow confined space endogenous fire overflow to be formed
Flow behavior very necessary is just become to the sprawling of its inside intensity of a fire and the diffusion of flue gas.
It is special that Yokoi, Oleszkiewicz, Lee, Thomas etc. establish fiery overflow flowing on the basis of many experiments
The theoretical model of property, the axle center temperature and speed for having obtained fiery overflow establish fiery overflow and exterior wall with the changing rule of height
Between hot-fluid TRANSFER MODEL, and further corrected.Tang Fei, Hu Longhua of Chinese University of Science and Technology et al. pass through theoretical point
The means such as analysis, model experiment to free boundary, have vertical retaining wall, inclination barricade restricted boundary and plateau low pressure, low-oxygen environment
The feature of lower facade opening overflow behavior is studied.Mostly above-mentioned most of researchs are based on property of fire source, window
Influence of the structure to fiery overflow sprawling characteristic.But external wind effect under long-narrow confined space fire overflow flow behavior and
One of the main contents that corresponding fire control technology is also building fire protection safe design are studied on the basis of this.Past is about the external world
The research that wind influences fire spread is mostly to concentrate on outdoor fire, and the purpose part of research is for range fire or Forest Fire
The sprawling of calamity, the research influenced for wind environment on long-narrow confined space endogenous fire overflow flow behavior are actually rare.Utilize numerical value
Although the influence that external wind and environmental structure can be flowed to fiery overflow by simulating is studied, there is burning mould in numerical simulation
Type, turbulence model are not perfect, and boundary condition setting has the shortcomings that uncertainty, and the correctness of numerical simulation result is also necessary
There is experimental result to examine.Full-scale combustion experiment expends greatly, dangerous, and experiment condition is difficult to control, and is with the theory of similarity
Basic proportion of carrying out model experiment just becomes the preferably choosing that research wind environment acts on lower long-narrow confined space fire overflow flow behavior
It selects.Based on this, a set of experimental provision that can simulate long-narrow confined space fire overflow sprawling is designed, for studying wind environment and narrow
Influence of the long spacing structure to long-narrow confined space endogenous fire overflow flow behavior is found out under different affecting factors effect, long and narrow sky
Between endogenous fire overflow flow universal law, the experiment conclusion obtained is generalized in practical engineering application.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of simulators for studying different wind environment and long and narrow space knot
The influence that structure spreads long-narrow confined space endogenous fire overflow can apply different in the long-narrow confined space side of different in width
Wind speed is to study the flow behavior of restricted clearance endogenous fire overflow.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model spreads for a kind of research wind environment moderate heat overflow in long-narrow confined space
Simulator, the present apparatus mainly include imitative experimental appliance main body, supply air system, outer barricade and matched TT&C system.
The simulator main body is and actually builds the Highrise building structure built in 1:5 ratio, simulator
Size of main body long 9.2m, wide 1.0m, high 2.5m, are divided into three layers, and first layer has been fire bed, if there are two types of various sizes of small
Room, for simulating various sizes of room on fire.The size of small combustion chamber is 0.8m × 1.0m × 0.6m (length × width × height), greatly
Combustion chamber dimensions are 1.6m × 1.0m × 0.6m.Two, three layers of room for being equipped with 4 identical sizes.Fire source can as needed may be used
It is set in cubicle or big room, the exterior window in large and small room can be adjusted in height and width direction as needed, adjust
Section can be realized by the position of push-pull plate and outer push-pull plate in changing.Large and small combustion chamber rear portion is equipped with openable small
Door, when burning, can carry out benefit wind as needed.To prevent Architectural fringes from having an impact to restricted clearance endogenous fire overflow flow behavior,
Facade has carried out certain expansion in upward short transverse and two sides length direction on front side of simulator main body.Main structure uses
Galvanized steel plain sheet welded seal forms, and wherein indoor and outdoor wall surface pastes the anti-guncotton of high temperature, similar to practical building wall surface heat transfer situation.
All room windows, external door all can free open and close, can guarantee leakproofness and fire line when closing.
Outer barricade is mainly made of pedestal and vertical baffle, and the length and height of vertical baffle are and simulator main body
Identical, vertical baffle main body uses the galvanized steel plain sheet of 2mm thickness, pastes anti-guncotton towards fire source side.Base bottom is equipped with wheel
The position of outer barricade can be adjusted flexibly in son.
Supply air system is made of blower, rectification section, changeover portion, supporting table, and blower uses low noise axial ventilator, wind
Speed is adjustable within the scope of 0~4.5m/s.Rectification section is square tubular structure, is made using iron sheet material, sectional dimension 1.5m
× 1.85m (wide × high), suitable with simulator body height, rectification segment length is 1m, and inner section position is covered with internal diameter and is
The pvc pipe beam of 60mm is connect between blower using canvas.Air-flow caused by fan operation entered after rectification section rectifies
Section is crossed, the size and rectification section of changeover portion are suitable, four couples of depth 25mm of changeover portion interior welds, the groove of wide 2.5mm, right up and down
It answers.When experiment, simulator main body and outer barricade are expanded into partial insertion difference groove, for adjusting the width of long and narrow space.
Supply air system is equipped with eight wheels below, and the position of entire supply air system can be adjusted flexibly.
The mating TT&C system, including temperature measurement system, velocity measuring system, fuel mass measure of the change system,
Measuring system of picture, radiant heat flux system for measuring quantity.The temperature measurement system includes being arranged in room on fire, main body experiment
Thermocouple string and its data acquisition processing device on the outside of platform alien invasion.The velocity measuring system be arranged on room on fire and
The wind speed measuring device of upper layer room window.The fuel mass measure of the change system includes fuel food tray, movable support, electronics
Balance and its device for signalling.Described image measuring system includes two recorded to flame forms and its smoke movement path
Video camera.The radiant heat flux system for measuring quantity includes the radiation heatflowmeter and its number for being arranged in room top on fire room exterior window
According to acquisition processing device.
Fire source is located in one layer of room on fire, and for fire source device using pond fire, fuel is pollution-free clear using normal heptane, methanol etc.
The clean energy, and the combustion case of a variety of fire source powers of analog.
Using the flue gas particle tracer that cake generates one above food tray can be erected at simulated fire flue gas effect, cake
At set a distance, when experiment, lights fuel, then lights cake, the flue gas for promoting cake to generate by the thermal buoyancy effect of fuel combustion
Diffusion is spread in simulator, and simulated fire flue gas then can be clearly observed by observation window in the climing of facade
Prolong process.
The advantages of the utility model and good effect are as follows:
(1) the utility model is the reduced scale cun scale model built according to the theory of similarity, overcomes full-scale high reality
Test cost and the incomplete accurate drawback of numerical simulation result.The size in room on fire, exterior window size, fire source power, air-supply wind
Speed, long and narrow space width etc. can be with flexible modulations.Economy is high, and repeatability is strong, easy to operate, can be with real simulation wind environment
Influence to long-narrow confined space fire overflow sprawling, and can be remembered by sprawling process of the video camera to fiery overflow and flue gas
Record.
(2) facade in short transverse and two sides width direction carries out certain expansion on front side of the utility model main body, can be with
Effectively prevent influence of the Architectural fringes to restricted clearance endogenous fire overflow flow behavior.
(3) TT&C system provisioned in the utility model is advanced complete.Temperature measurement system, velocity measuring system, fuel
Mass change measuring system, image viewing system, radiant heat flux measuring system etc. can be recorded in real time, be seen by computer
It examines, analyze.
(4) technical strong, the flexibility ratio height of supply air system provisioned in the utility model.It, can by adjusting the frequency of blower
Form different air-supply wind speed.System divides into eight wheels, can be adjusted flexibly system position and simulator main body it is each
A part combines well.It is connected closely by groove with simulator main body and outer barricade in changeover portion, basis may be implemented
The requirement of operating condition is blown with various sizes of section.
(5) outer barricade flexibility provisioned in the utility model is higher, and barricade has pulley, can flexibly change limited
The width in space.
(6) fuel that the utility model uses is environmental-friendly for clean energy resourcies such as normal heptane, methanol, and pollution-free, burning is filled
Point, fire source is stablized, and risk is small, does not have pessimal stimulation to experimenter.
(7) fuel is placed in food tray by the utility model, be then placed on electronic balance in real time weighing and by every
Hot plate is thermally shielded, and can play the role of protecting balance well.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the simulation dress that a kind of research wind environment moderate heat overflow described in the utility model is spread in long-narrow confined space
The overall structure diagram set.
Fig. 2 is the simulation dress that a kind of research wind environment moderate heat overflow described in the utility model is spread in long-narrow confined space
The agent structure schematic diagram set.
Fig. 3 is the simulation dress that a kind of research wind environment moderate heat overflow described in the utility model is spread in long-narrow confined space
The outer barrier wall structure schematic diagram set.
Fig. 4 is the simulation dress that a kind of research wind environment moderate heat overflow described in the utility model is spread in long-narrow confined space
The supply air system schematic diagram set.
Fig. 5 is the simulation dress that a kind of research wind environment moderate heat overflow described in the utility model is spread in long-narrow confined space
The groove structure schematic diagram (main view) for the supply air system changeover portion set.
Fig. 6 is the simulation dress that a kind of research wind environment moderate heat overflow described in the utility model is spread in long-narrow confined space
Wall construction schematic diagram behind the one layer of room on fire set.
Fig. 7 is the simulation dress that a kind of research wind environment moderate heat overflow described in the utility model is spread in long-narrow confined space
The prefabricated windows type schematic diagram set.
Fig. 8 is the simulation dress that a kind of research wind environment moderate heat overflow described in the utility model is spread in long-narrow confined space
Temperature, wind speed and the Heat flow site arrangement schematic diagram (main view) set.
Fig. 9 is the simulation dress that a kind of research wind environment moderate heat overflow described in the utility model is spread in long-narrow confined space
Temperature, wind speed and the Heat flow site arrangement schematic diagram (top view) set.
Figure 10 is a kind of simulation that research wind environment moderate heat overflow is spread in long-narrow confined space described in the utility model
The mass change measuring system schematic diagram of device.
In figure: 1- alien invasion；2- simulator main body；The outer barricade of 3-；4- axial flow blower；5- connection air hose；6- window；7-
Window slot；8- barricade bracket；9- pulley；10- transparent glass window；11- supporting table；The connection of 12- canvas；13- rectification section；14-
Changeover portion with groove；15- mends air door in room on fire；The outer push-pull plate of 16-；Push-pull plate in 17-；18- radiation heatflowmeter；
19- thermocouple；20- fire source；21- wind speed measuring device；22- electronic balance.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described by embodiment.
A kind of simulator for being spread in long-narrow confined space of research wind environment moderate heat overflow, the device include alien invasion 1,
Simulator main body 2, outer barricade 3, axial flow blower 4, connection air hose 5, window 6, window slot 7, barricade bracket 8, pulley 9, thoroughly
Bright windowpane 10, supporting table 11, canvas connection 12, rectification section 13, changeover portion with groove 14, room on fire mend air door 15, outer
Push-pull plate 16, interior push-pull plate 17, radiation heatflowmeter 18, thermocouple 19, fire source 20, wind speed measuring device 21 and electronic balance
22；Simulator main body 2 and opposite lay of outer barricade 3 form a long and narrow space, and long and narrow space side is equipped with several
The room separated, the room separated is to simulate room on fire；Alien invasion 1 is structure as a whole with simulator main body 2, outside
Facade 1 can form the long and narrow space of different in width with outer barricade 3；Long and narrow space passes through connection air hose 5 and axial flow blower 4
Connection；Simulator main body 2 is equipped with multiple window slots 7, and window 6 is arranged in window slot 7；Outer barricade 3 is equipped with saturating
The bottom of bright windowpane 10, outer barricade 3 is supported by barricade bracket 8, and barricade bracket 8 is equipped with pulley 9；Axial flow blower 4 is mounted on
In supporting table 11, axial flow blower 4 is connected by canvas connection 12 with air hose 5 is connect；The centre for connecting air hose 5 is 13 He of rectification section
Changeover portion 14 with groove, canvas connection 12 are connected to by rectification section 13, changeover portion with groove 14 with long and narrow space；It is on fire
The bottom that 2 rear of simulator main body is arranged in air door 15 is mended in room, and outer push-pull plate 16 and interior push-pull plate 17 are respectively set
In the outside and inside of window 6, radiation heatflowmeter 18 is arranged in long and narrow space, and the setting of thermocouple 19 is in room on fire and narrow
In long spacing, the setting of fire source 20 is being simulated in room on fire, and going out for changeover portion in restricted clearance is arranged in wind speed measuring device 21
The bottom of simulator main body 2 is arranged in mouth, room upstream end on fire, electronic balance 22.
Fire source 20 uses the pollution-free clean energy resourcies such as normal heptane or methanol, and the burning feelings of a variety of fire source powers of analog
Condition.
Referring to Fig. 1, the chief component of imitative experimental appliance includes simulator main body, supply air system, outer barricade.Mould
Quasi- apparatus main body and outer barricade form a long and narrow space.Simulator main body is fixed, opens up on the right side of simulator main body
In the groove that exhibition partial insertion supply air system changeover portion keeps to the side, the width of long-narrow confined space is real by adjusting the position of outer barricade
It is existing.The expansion part of outer barricade passes through the groove of different location in insertion supply air system changeover portion, narrow under ventilation operating condition to realize
The change of long spacing width.
Referring to fig. 2, imitative experimental appliance main part length is 3.2m, width 1.0m, height 1.8m.To eliminate building
Edge has an impact and connects the needs of supply air system, simulator main body front side to restricted clearance endogenous fire overflow flow behavior
Facade has carried out certain expansion in upward short transverse and left and right sides length direction.Short transverse expands 0.7m upwards, left
The long 5m in side expansion department part is highly 2.5m；The long 1m in part is expanded on right side, expands section height 1.8m, expands part away from ground height
0.1m.Simulator overall length 9.2m, height 2.5m.When carrying out air-supply working condition experimenting, right side expands section and is inserted into supply air system transition
In the groove that section is kept to the side.Simulator main body from one layer up three layers be equipped with cubicle, 3 layers or more highly only have alien invasion.If
Roomed story height 0.6m, wherein two, three layers every layer sets 4 rooms, room-sized is 0.8m × 1.0m × 0.6m (long × wide
× high), each room possesses an opening, and opening is equipped with groove above and below, and for being inserted into flame resistant glass block, the size of opening can
It adjusts, can according to need for simulating exterior window, and the rupture of room exterior window and non-ruptured operating condition can be simulated.One layer has been set as
The size of fire bed, two rooms in right side is consistent with upstairs rooms, and two, left side room is merged into a big room, big for simulating
Scene on fire in area office room.
Referring to Fig. 3, outer barricade is mainly made of pedestal and vertical baffle, and pedestal is welded using angle steel, bottom end installation
There is wheel, for adjusting the spacing between outer barricade and apparatus main body.Vertical baffle main body uses the galvanized steel plain sheet of 2.0mm thickness,
Anti- guncotton is pasted towards fire source side.Transparent fire-resistant glass window is set in the middle part of outer barricade, for observing long-narrow confined space endogenous fire overflow
And the flowing of flue gas.Outer barricade main part height and length are identical as simulator main part, the left and right sides there is also with
Apparatus main body alien invasion structure identical expansion section is inserted into the groove of supply air system changeover portion different location when for divulging information, with
Realize the adjustment of long-narrow confined space width.
Referring to fig. 4, supply air system realizes the adjustment of revolving speed by frequency conversion, wants to meet the utility model to wind speed
It asks, the uniform of air-supply sectional wind velocity is realized by fairing.The system can realize supply air system water by adjusting universal wheel
Any adjustment that prosposition is set.There are four pairs of grooves inside the changeover portion of supply air system, see Fig. 5, for simulator main body and outside
The connection of barricade.The sectional uniform of changeover portion is divided into three parts by groove, and the width of each section is 0.5m.Pass through fixed-analog
Apparatus main body changes the position of outer barricade, realizes the restricted clearance of 3 width such as 0.5m, 1m, 1.5m, changeover portion is away from ground height
Spend 0.1m.
Referring to Fig. 7, the size of the opening in large and small room can be adjusted, adjusting can by adjusting outer push-pull plate,
The different location of interior push-pull plate is realized.
Referring to Figure 10, fire source can be may be disposed at as needed in cubicle or big room, and fire source lower part is mass change survey
It empties the bottom of amount system, room.
What the utility model did not elaborated partly belongs to techniques well known.Although illustrating above to the utility model
The specific embodiment of property is described, but the utility model is not limited to the range of specific embodiment.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of simulator that research wind environment moderate heat overflow is spread in long-narrow confined space, it is characterised in that: the device packet
Include alien invasion (1), simulator main body (2), outer barricade (3), axial flow blower (4), connection air hose (5), window (6), window insert
Slot (7), barricade bracket (8), pulley (9), transparent glass window (10), supporting table (11), canvas connection (12), rectification section (13),
Air door (15), outer push-pull plate (16), interior push-pull plate (17), radiant heat flux are mended in changeover portion (14) with groove, room on fire
Count (18), thermocouple (19), fire source (20), wind speed measuring device (21) and electronic balance (22)；Simulator main body (2) and outer
Barricade (3) is opposite to lay one long and narrow space of composition, and long and narrow space side is equipped with several rooms separated, is separated
Room to simulate room on fire；Alien invasion (1) is structure as a whole with simulator main body (2), alien invasion (1) can with it is outer
The long and narrow space of barricade (3) composition different in width；Long and narrow space is connect by connecting air hose (5) with axial flow blower (4)；Mould
Quasi- apparatus main body (2) are equipped with multiple window slots (7), and window (6) is arranged in window slot (7)；Outer barricade (3) is equipped with
The bottom of transparent glass window (10), outer barricade (3) is supported by barricade bracket (8), and barricade bracket (8) is equipped with pulley (9)；Axis stream
Blower (4) is mounted on supporting table (11), and axial flow blower (4) is connected by canvas connection (12) with air hose (5) are connect；Connect wind
The centre for managing (5) is rectification section (13) and changeover portion with groove (14), and canvas connects (12) and passes through rectification section (13), band groove
Changeover portion (14) be connected to long and narrow space；Air door (15) setting is mended at the bottom at simulator main body (2) rear in room on fire
Portion, outer push-pull plate (16) and interior push-pull plate (17) are separately positioned on the outside and inside of window (6), radiation heatflowmeter (18)
It is arranged in long and narrow space, thermocouple (19) is arranged in room on fire and long and narrow space, and fire source (20) setting is being simulated
In fiery room, the outlet of changeover portion in restricted clearance, room upstream end on fire, electronic balance is arranged in wind speed measuring device (21)
(22) it is arranged in the bottom of simulator main body (2).
2. a kind of simulator that research wind environment moderate heat overflow is spread in long-narrow confined space according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: fire source (20) uses normal heptane or methanol.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108806457A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-11-13 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of simulator that research wind environment moderate heat overflow is spread in long-narrow confined space |
| CN110310562A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-10-08 | 同济大学 | The double-deck major long tunnel fire emphasis smoke evacuation pilot system |
| CN112857467A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-05-28 | 合肥工业大学 | Canyon tunnel group pollutant cross flow measuring system capable of adjusting wind temperature and humidity |
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2018
- 2018-06-21 CN CN201820960612.9U patent/CN208873378U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108806457A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-11-13 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of simulator that research wind environment moderate heat overflow is spread in long-narrow confined space |
| CN110310562A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-10-08 | 同济大学 | The double-deck major long tunnel fire emphasis smoke evacuation pilot system |
| CN112857467A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-05-28 | 合肥工业大学 | Canyon tunnel group pollutant cross flow measuring system capable of adjusting wind temperature and humidity |
| CN112857467B (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2022-04-26 | 合肥工业大学 | Canyon tunnel group pollutant cross flow measuring system capable of adjusting wind temperature and humidity |
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