CN112845498A - Harmless treatment method for fly ash and slag generated by waste incineration power generation - Google Patents
Harmless treatment method for fly ash and slag generated by waste incineration power generation Download PDFInfo
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- CN112845498A CN112845498A CN202011509256.7A CN202011509256A CN112845498A CN 112845498 A CN112845498 A CN 112845498A CN 202011509256 A CN202011509256 A CN 202011509256A CN 112845498 A CN112845498 A CN 112845498A
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- fly ash
- power generation
- powder
- slag generated
- waste incineration
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
- B09B3/25—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using mineral binders or matrix
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/30—Incineration ashes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for harmlessly treating fly ash and slag generated by waste incineration power generation, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing fly ash, a curing agent and reduction powder, and then preparing the mixture into a gray ball core under the action of a binder; step two, taking the gray ball core obtained in the step one as a core, and coating slag generated by burning garbage on the outer layer of the ball core by using a binder to prepare a gray ball; and step three, feeding the ash balls into a sintering machine for high-temperature incineration treatment, and discharging the flue gas generated by incineration into the air after the flue gas is purified by a flue gas purifier. Through the mode, the invention can reduce the retention of dioxin in the fly ash and the leaching rate of heavy metal salts in the furnace slag, and reduce the pressure of environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waste incineration power generation, in particular to a method for harmlessly treating fly ash and slag generated by waste incineration power generation.
Background
Although most of the garbage can be recycled, the final products, namely fly ash and slag, generated in the process of treatment still have strong pollution to the environment due to two main reasons, one is that a large amount of strong carcinogenic substance dioxin is generated in the flue gas generated in the process of garbage incineration when the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, and the dioxin is absorbed by the fly ash when the temperature is reduced, and the other is that the slag generated in the process of garbage incineration is generally rich in various heavy metal salts due to the complex sources of the garbage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a harmless treatment method of fly ash and furnace slag, which can reduce the generation of dioxin and the leaching of heavy metals.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the method for harmlessly treating the fly ash and the slag generated by the waste incineration power generation comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing fly ash, a curing agent and reduction powder, and then preparing the mixture into a gray ball core under the action of a binder;
step two, taking the gray ball core obtained in the step one as a core, and coating slag generated by burning garbage on the outer layer of the ball core by using a binder to prepare a gray ball;
and step three, feeding the ash balls into a sintering machine for high-temperature incineration treatment, and discharging the flue gas generated by incineration into the air after the flue gas is purified by a flue gas purifier.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixing ratio of the fly ash in the core of the gray ball to the curing agent and the reducing powder is: 6-7: 1-2: 2 to 3.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the curing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
5-10 parts of kaolin, 30-40 parts of quartz powder/glass powder, 5-10 parts of borax and 10-15 parts of calcium oxide.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reducing powder is activated carbon powder or anthracite powder.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the binder is lime slurry, and the concentration of the lime slurry is 20-30% in terms of calcium oxide.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lime slurry contains 0-15% of concentrated leachate.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sintering temperature is not less than 1100 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mass of the slag accounts for 1/4-1/2 of the mass of the whole sphere.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adds the reducing powder and the curing agent into the ash ball during sintering, so that the temperature of the ball can be quickly raised during sintering, the dioxin structure in the fly ash is damaged, chlorine-containing elements are absorbed by the curing agent at high temperature, and the dioxin cannot be regenerated when the temperature is reduced, thereby achieving the aim of detoxifying the fly ash.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided to enable those skilled in the art to more readily understand the advantages and features of the present invention, and to clearly and unequivocally define the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
example 1
A fly ash and slag innocent treatment method generated by waste incineration power generation comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing fly ash, a curing agent and reduction powder according to the ratio of 6: 1: 3, uniformly mixing the raw materials in proportion, and preparing the mixture into a gray ball core under the action of a binder;
step two, taking the gray ball core obtained in the step one as a core, and coating slag generated by burning garbage on the outer layer of the ball core by using a binder to prepare a gray ball;
and step three, feeding the ash balls into a sintering machine for high-temperature incineration treatment, and discharging the flue gas generated by incineration into the air after the flue gas is purified by a flue gas purifier.
The curing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
5 parts of kaolin, 40 parts of quartz powder/glass powder, 5 parts of borax and 15 parts of calcium oxide. Wherein, the kaolin, the quartz powder/glass powder and the borax are mainly used for helping the grey balls to form glass bodies similar to the colored glaze after being melted at high temperature and cooled so as to solidify heavy metal salts in the slag, and the calcium oxide is added for reacting with chloride ions when the dioxin is decomposed so that the dioxin cannot be generated again when being cooled.
The reducing powder is activated carbon powder and anthracite powder, and by adding the powder, the powder can be combusted simultaneously from the inside of the ash ball during sintering, so that the whole ash ball is quickly burnt through, and the loss of harmful substances is reduced.
The binder is lime slurry, the concentration of the lime slurry is 20-30% by calcium oxide, and the lime slurry contains 0-15% of concentrated leachate. The leachate generated during the pretreatment of the garbage can be purified by burning in the way, and the pressure of waste liquid treatment is reduced.
The sintering temperature is not less than 1100 ℃, substances in the ash balls cannot be completely melted when the temperature is too low, and the formed agglomerates after sintering have small hardness, are loose and have high heavy metal leaching rate.
The mass of the furnace slag accounts for 1/4-1/2 of the mass of the whole sphere, the amount of the furnace slag is too large to be burnt through easily, the amount of the furnace slag is too small, finally sintered lumps are loose, and heavy metals are easy to leach out.
Example 2
A fly ash and slag innocent treatment method generated by waste incineration power generation comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing fly ash, a curing agent and reduction powder according to the weight ratio of 7: 2: 2, preparing a gray ball core under the action of a binder after uniformly mixing;
step two, taking the gray ball core obtained in the step one as a core, and coating slag generated by burning garbage on the outer layer of the ball core by using a binder to prepare a gray ball;
and step three, feeding the ash balls into a sintering machine for high-temperature incineration treatment, and discharging the flue gas generated by incineration into the air after the flue gas is purified by a flue gas purifier.
The curing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
10 parts of kaolin, 30 parts of quartz powder/glass powder, 10 parts of borax and 10 parts of calcium oxide. Wherein, the kaolin, the quartz powder/glass powder and the borax are mainly used for helping the grey balls to form glass bodies similar to the colored glaze after being melted at high temperature and cooled so as to solidify heavy metal salts in the slag, and the calcium oxide is added for reacting with chloride ions when the dioxin is decomposed so that the dioxin cannot be generated again when being cooled.
The reducing powder is activated carbon powder and anthracite powder, and by adding the powder, the powder can be combusted simultaneously from the inside of the ash ball during sintering, so that the whole ash ball is quickly burnt through, and the loss of harmful substances is reduced.
The binder is lime slurry, the concentration of the lime slurry is 20-30% by calcium oxide, and the lime slurry contains 0-15% of concentrated leachate. The leachate generated during the pretreatment of the garbage can be purified by burning in the way, and the pressure of waste liquid treatment is reduced.
The sintering temperature is not less than 1100 ℃, substances in the ash balls cannot be completely melted when the temperature is too low, and the formed agglomerates after sintering have small hardness, are loose and have high heavy metal leaching rate.
The mass of the furnace slag accounts for 1/4-1/2 of the mass of the whole sphere, the amount of the furnace slag is too large to be burnt through easily, the amount of the furnace slag is too small, finally sintered lumps are loose, and heavy metals are easy to leach out.
Example 3
A fly ash and slag innocent treatment method generated by waste incineration power generation comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing fly ash, a curing agent and reduction powder according to the ratio of 6: 2: 2, preparing a gray ball core under the action of a binder after uniformly mixing;
step two, taking the gray ball core obtained in the step one as a core, and coating slag generated by burning garbage on the outer layer of the ball core by using a binder to prepare a gray ball;
and step three, feeding the ash balls into a sintering machine for high-temperature incineration treatment, and discharging the flue gas generated by incineration into the air after the flue gas is purified by a flue gas purifier.
The curing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
8 parts of kaolin, 35 parts of quartz powder/glass powder, 8 parts of borax and 10 parts of calcium oxide. Wherein, the kaolin, the quartz powder/glass powder and the borax are mainly used for helping the grey balls to form glass bodies similar to the colored glaze after being melted at high temperature and cooled so as to solidify heavy metal salts in the slag, and the calcium oxide is added for reacting with chloride ions when the dioxin is decomposed so that the dioxin cannot be generated again when being cooled.
The reducing powder is activated carbon powder and anthracite powder, and by adding the powder, the powder can be combusted simultaneously from the inside of the ash ball during sintering, so that the whole ash ball is quickly burnt through, and the loss of harmful substances is reduced.
The binder is lime slurry, the concentration of the lime slurry is 20-30% by calcium oxide, and the lime slurry contains 0-15% of concentrated leachate. The leachate generated during the pretreatment of the garbage can be purified by burning in the way, and the pressure of waste liquid treatment is reduced.
The sintering temperature is not less than 1100 ℃, substances in the ash balls cannot be completely melted when the temperature is too low, and the formed agglomerates after sintering have small hardness, are loose and have high heavy metal leaching rate.
The mass of the furnace slag accounts for 1/4-1/2 of the mass of the whole sphere, the amount of the furnace slag is too large to be burnt through easily, the amount of the furnace slag is too small, finally sintered lumps are loose, and heavy metals are easy to leach out.
The sintered block treated by the method of the above embodiment 1 to 3 has high hardness, a colored glaze-like luster on the surface layer and low leaching rate of heavy metals, wherein the leaching rate of hexavalent chromium and lead is lower than 5mg/L, and the sintered block can be used as a raw material of ceramic tiles and cement after being further ground into powder.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for harmlessly treating fly ash and slag generated by waste incineration power generation is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
uniformly mixing fly ash, a curing agent and reduction powder, and then preparing the mixture into a gray ball core under the action of a binder;
step two, taking the gray ball core obtained in the step one as a core, and coating slag generated by burning garbage on the outer layer of the ball core by using a binder to prepare a gray ball;
and step three, feeding the ash balls into a sintering machine for high-temperature incineration treatment, and discharging the flue gas generated by incineration into the air after the flue gas is purified by a flue gas purifier.
2. The method for harmless treatment of fly ash and slag generated by waste incineration power generation according to claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of the fly ash in the ash ball core to the curing agent and the reducing powder is as follows: 6-7: 1-2: 2 to 3.
3. The method for harmlessly treating fly ash and slag generated by waste incineration power generation according to claim 1, wherein the curing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight:
5-10 parts of kaolin, 30-40 parts of quartz powder/glass powder, 5-10 parts of borax and 10-15 parts of calcium oxide.
4. The method for innocent treatment of fly ash and slag generated by waste incineration power generation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reducing powder is activated carbon powder or anthracite powder.
5. The method for harmlessly treating fly ash and slag generated by waste incineration power generation according to claim 1, wherein the binder is lime slurry, and the concentration of the lime slurry is 20-30% in terms of calcium oxide.
6. The method for harmlessly treating fly ash and slag generated by waste incineration power generation according to claim 5, wherein the lime slurry contains 0-15% of concentrated leachate.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the sintering temperature is not less than 1100 ℃.
8. The method for harmlessly treating fly ash and slag generated by waste incineration power generation according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the slag accounts for 1/4-1/2 of the mass of the whole sphere.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011509256.7A CN112845498A (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Harmless treatment method for fly ash and slag generated by waste incineration power generation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011509256.7A CN112845498A (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Harmless treatment method for fly ash and slag generated by waste incineration power generation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112845498A true CN112845498A (en) | 2021-05-28 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011509256.7A Pending CN112845498A (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Harmless treatment method for fly ash and slag generated by waste incineration power generation |
Country Status (1)
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| CN (1) | CN112845498A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113280345A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-20 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Method for generating electricity by coupling high-temperature melting and harmless treatment of waste fly ash with incineration |
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| JPH10246418A (en) * | 1997-03-03 | 1998-09-14 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Facility for melting incineration residue of waste |
| JP2000274646A (en) * | 1999-03-24 | 2000-10-03 | Nkk Plant Engineering Corp | Melting method for coal ash and fly ash of refuse incineration |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113280345A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-20 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Method for generating electricity by coupling high-temperature melting and harmless treatment of waste fly ash with incineration |
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