CN112794668B - Production process for preparing concrete admixture by utilizing waste incineration fly ash partial fusion sintered body - Google Patents
Production process for preparing concrete admixture by utilizing waste incineration fly ash partial fusion sintered body Download PDFInfo
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- CN112794668B CN112794668B CN202110031610.8A CN202110031610A CN112794668B CN 112794668 B CN112794668 B CN 112794668B CN 202110031610 A CN202110031610 A CN 202110031610A CN 112794668 B CN112794668 B CN 112794668B
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- fly ash
- waste incineration
- sintered body
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
- C04B40/0042—Powdery mixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/04—Heat treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a production process for preparing a concrete admixture by utilizing a waste incineration fly ash partial fusion sintered body, which comprises the following steps of (1) compounding waste incineration fly ash and auxiliary materials, and mixing the waste incineration fly ash and the auxiliary materials by using a mixer after compounding, so that the waste incineration fly ash and the auxiliary materials are uniformly mixed; (2) putting the uniformly mixed mixture into a ball making machine to prepare fly ash spheres with the particle size of 8-15 mm; (3) putting the fly ash spheres into a sintering furnace for sintering, gradually melting from the surface to the inside, discharging liquid chlorine salt through a slag discharge port, and quenching other sintered bodies by compressed air to form a partially melted sintered body with a glass phase of not less than 40%; (4) homogenizing part of the fused sintered body and the mineral active material, and grinding the homogenized mixture by a ball mill to obtain a high-performance concrete admixture; the invention can change waste into valuable, save land resources, improve the comprehensive performance of the product by more than 5 percent and reduce the production cost by more than 10 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete admixture, and particularly relates to a production process for preparing concrete admixture by utilizing a waste incineration fly ash partial fusion sintered body.
Background
The construction of the 'non-waste city' is guided by a new development concept, the landfill amount is reduced to the maximum extent by continuously promoting the reduction and resource utilization of the waste source, the environmental impact is reduced to the minimum development mode, and a green development cycle is formed. In 2020, Zhejiang province promotes the construction of global waste-free cities to be fully expanded, and by the end of 2023, the construction of waste-free cities is completely completed in all districts and 50% of counties (cities and districts) in Zhejiang province.
In recent years, with the rapid increase of the production of urban domestic garbage, the production of waste incineration fly ash is increasing. According to measurement and calculation, 4-5 ten thousand tons of fly ash can be generated after every 100 ten thousand tons of garbage are burnt, and the generation amount of the fly ash generated by burning the garbage per year in Zhejiang province is over 150 ten thousand tons by 2020. As the fly ash generated by the waste incineration power plant contains a large amount of toxic heavy metals and compounds, the fly ash has high leaching rate and belongs to dangerous waste. In Zhejiang province people civil administration house office (2020) document No. 2, Notification about the construction work scheme of ' non-waste city ' in the whole region of Zhejiang province ' is that the industrial hazardous waste is hard to treat by forcible cracking, the optimization and development of incineration technology are required to be promoted, the generation amount of slag and fly ash is effectively reduced, the secondary pollution is controlled, and the intensive research and implementation of the test point projects such as melting of the incineration fly ash of the household garbage are performed.
The fly ash contains organic pollutants such as benzopyrene, benzanthracene, dioxin and the like and heavy metals such as Cr, Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu, Ni and the like, and is a highly dangerous solid waste. Dioxin is a chlorinated tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon organic compound with various toxic effects and has irreversible teratogenicity, carcinogenicity and mutagenicity; hg and its compounds have strong neurotoxicity, which can cause serious damage to multiple organs of human body and cause serious harm to environment if not disposed properly.
The content of chlorine element is high. The high content of chlorine element is one of the most obvious characteristics of fly ash in China, and the chlorine content of part of fly ash is as high as more than 20%. Mainly, acid substances such as hydrogen chloride and the like generated after incineration and decomposition of chlorine-containing plastics and the like in the household garbage react with alkaline substances in a flue gas purification system, products enter fly ash, and salt and the like in kitchen garbage are finally enriched in the fly ash. Chlorine element in the fly ash exists mainly in the form of soluble chlorine salt, such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride and the like.
The harmful components of the fly ash are complex and have large fluctuation. Besides toxic and harmful substances such as heavy metals and dioxin, the fertilizer also contains calcium-silicon-aluminum-iron oxides, chloride, carbon-sulfur-phosphorus elements and the like. The content of each substance (element) in the fly ash can generate large fluctuation along with the change of domestic garbage components, seasons, burning conditions, flue gas purification level and the like, and great difficulty is brought to the fly ash treatment and disposal.
Therefore, safe disposal of waste incineration fly ash is of real urgency.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at various defects and deficiencies of the prior art, the production process for preparing the concrete admixture by utilizing the partial fused sintered body of the waste incineration fly ash is provided, and the technical problem to be solved is to compound the waste incineration fly ash and the auxiliary raw materials according to a certain proportion, gradually fuse from the surface to the inside at the high temperature of more than 800 ℃ in a sintering furnace, and generate the partial fused sintered body with the glass phase not less than 40% through quenching treatment by compressed air, thereby solving the problem of pollution of the fly ash to the environment, simultaneously replacing the concrete admixture, improving the comprehensive performance and reducing the production cost.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the production process of preparing concrete admixture with fused flyash from garbage includes the following steps:
(1) compounding waste incineration fly ash and auxiliary materials, wherein the waste incineration fly ash: the auxiliary materials are 95: 5-90: 10, mixing the mixture by using a mixer after compounding so as to uniformly mix the waste incineration fly ash and auxiliary materials;
(2) putting the uniformly mixed mixture into a ball making machine, and making into fly ash spheres with the particle size of 8-15 mm under the action of an adhesive;
(3) putting the fly ash spheres into a sintering furnace for sintering, wherein dioxin and organic matters can be combusted, decomposed and gasified in the sintering process, inorganic matters in the fly ash spheres are gradually melted from the surface to the inside, chlorine salt is melted into liquid and is led out through a slag discharge port, other sintered bodies are quenched by compressed air to become partially melted sintered bodies with the glass phase being not less than 40%, and heavy metals are solidified into the glass phase; a small part of heavy metal and salt contained in the fly ash form secondary fly ash, and the secondary fly ash is collected and returned for treatment;
(4) homogenizing the partial fused sintered body and the mineral active material, and grinding by a grinding machine to obtain the high-performance concrete admixture, wherein the partial fused sintered body: the mineral active material is 80: 20-65: 35;
in the step (1), the auxiliary material is barium sulfate or nitrate or two of the barium sulfate and the nitrate are used simultaneously,
in the step (4), the mineral active materials are air-quenched steel slag, gypsum, quicklime and low-grade alunite, wherein the air-quenched steel slag comprises the following components in percentage by weight: gypsum: quick lime: the low-grade alunite is 70-80: 5-10: 5-10: 10 to 15.
Preferably, the temperature in the sintering furnace is 810-1200 ℃, and the sintering time is 6-8 hours.
Preferably, the negative pressure of the fly ash spheres in the sintering furnace is 500-1200 Pa.
The high-performance concrete admixture obtained by the invention can be widely applied to structural concrete engineering and can improve the performance index of cement concrete. Meanwhile, according to different use requirements, special concrete such as road concrete, corrosion-resistant concrete, marine concrete and the like and special dry-mixed mortar can be prepared.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the waste incineration fly ash is sintered at high temperature without landfill, so that heavy metal solidification and dioxin detoxification and decomposition are realized, the waste incineration fly ash is harmless, the traditional landfill treatment is abandoned, waste can be changed into valuable, land resources are saved, and secondary environmental pollution is prevented.
2. The high-specific surface area powder is prepared by homogenizing, grinding and modifying a part of the fused sintered body and other mineral active materials, and the modified powder can be used as a high-activity material to replace a part of cementing materials in high-performance concrete. Compared with the detection result of the product prepared and produced by completely adopting minerals and chemical raw materials, the product prepared and produced by applying partial melting sintered body has the same physical and chemical properties and internal quality, can improve the comprehensive performance of the product by more than 5 percent, reduces the production cost by more than 10 percent, ensures that the product enjoys the tax-benefit policy of national resource comprehensive utilization projects, and has strong market competitiveness.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention for achieving the predetermined objects, the following detailed description will be given to the concrete admixture production process using the partially fused and sintered body of fly ash from incineration of refuse, its specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Example 1
(1) Taking 1 ton of waste incineration fly ash, and compounding the waste incineration fly ash and barium sulfate, wherein the waste incineration fly ash: barium sulfate is 90: 10, mixing the waste incineration fly ash and the barium sulfate by using a mixer after compounding, and uniformly mixing the waste incineration fly ash and the barium sulfate;
(2) putting the uniformly mixed mixture into a ball making machine, and making into fly ash spheres with the particle size of 8mm under the action of an adhesive;
(3) putting the fly ash spheres into a sintering furnace for sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1200 ℃, the sintering time is 6 hours, dioxin and organic matters can be combusted, decomposed and gasified in the sintering process, inorganic matters in the fly ash spheres are gradually melted from the outside to the inside, chlorine salt is melted into liquid and is led out through a slag discharge port, other sintered bodies are quenched by compressed air to form partial molten sintered bodies with 45 percent of glass phase, and heavy metals are solidified into the glass phase; a small part of heavy metal and salt contained in the fly ash form secondary fly ash, and the secondary fly ash is collected and returned for treatment;
(4) the proportion of the partially fused sintered body to the mineral active material is 80: 20, homogenizing, and grinding by a mill to obtain the high-performance concrete admixture, wherein the mineral active materials are wind-quenched steel slag, gypsum, quicklime and low-grade alunite, and the wind-quenched steel slag: gypsum: quick lime: the low-grade alunite is 70: 10: 5: 15;
the negative pressure of the fly ash ball in the sintering furnace is 950-1050 Pa.
According to the GB/T51003-2014 mineral admixture application technical specification, the high-performance concrete admixture has the activity index of 84 d and the fluidity ratio of 105 percent.
Example 2
(1) Taking 1 ton of waste incineration fly ash, and compounding the waste incineration fly ash with nitrate, wherein the waste incineration fly ash: the nitrate is 95: 5, mixing the mixture by using a mixer after compounding so as to uniformly mix the waste incineration fly ash and the nitrate;
(2) putting the uniformly mixed mixture into a ball making machine, and making into fly ash spheres with the particle size of 12mm under the action of an adhesive;
(3) putting the fly ash sphere into a sintering furnace for sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 810 ℃, the sintering time is 8 hours, dioxin and organic matters can be combusted, decomposed and gasified in the sintering process, inorganic matters in the fly ash sphere are gradually melted from the surface to the inside, chlorine salt is melted into liquid and is led out through a slag discharge port, other sintered bodies are quenched by compressed air to form partial molten sintered bodies with 40% of glass phase, and heavy metals are solidified into the glass phase; a small part of heavy metal and salt contained in the fly ash form secondary fly ash, and the secondary fly ash is collected and returned for treatment;
(4) the mixture ratio of the partial melting sintered body to the mineral active material is 65: and 35, homogenizing the mixture, and grinding the homogenized mixture by a mill to obtain the high-performance concrete admixture, wherein the mineral active materials are wind-quenched steel slag, gypsum, quicklime and low-grade alunite, and the wind-quenched steel slag comprises the following components in percentage by weight: gypsum: quick lime: the low-grade alunite is 75: 5: 10: 10;
the negative pressure of the fly ash ball in the sintering furnace is 1100-1200 Pa.
According to the GB/T51003-2014 mineral admixture application technical specification, the high-performance concrete admixture has the activity index of 78% at 28d and the fluidity ratio of 102%.
Claims (2)
1. The production process for preparing the concrete admixture by using the waste incineration fly ash partial fusion sintered body is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) compounding waste incineration fly ash and auxiliary materials, wherein the waste incineration fly ash: the auxiliary materials are 95: 5-90: 10, mixing the mixture by using a mixer after compounding so as to uniformly mix the waste incineration fly ash and auxiliary materials;
(2) putting the uniformly mixed mixture into a ball making machine, and making into fly ash spheres with the particle size of 8-15 mm under the action of an adhesive;
(3) putting the fly ash spheres into a sintering furnace for sintering, wherein the temperature in the sintering furnace is 810-1200 ℃, the sintering time is 6-8 hours, dioxin and organic matters can be combusted, decomposed and gasified in the sintering process, inorganic matters in the fly ash spheres are gradually melted from the surface to the inside, chlorine salt is melted into liquid, the liquid is led out through a slag discharge port, other sintered bodies are quenched by compressed air to form partially melted sintered bodies with the glass phase being not less than 40%, and heavy metals are solidified into the glass phase; a small part of heavy metal and salt contained in the fly ash form secondary fly ash, and the secondary fly ash is collected and returned for treatment;
(4) homogenizing the partial fused sintered body and the mineral active material, and grinding by a grinding machine to obtain the high-performance concrete admixture, wherein the partial fused sintered body: the mineral active material is 80: 20-65: 35;
in the step (1), the auxiliary material is barium sulfate or nitrate or two of the barium sulfate and the nitrate are used simultaneously,
the mineral active materials in the step (4) are air quenched steel slag, gypsum, quicklime and low-grade alunite, wherein the air quenched steel slag comprises the following components in percentage by weight: gypsum: quick lime: the low-grade alunite is 70-80: 5-10: 5-10: 10 to 15.
2. The process for producing a concrete admixture according to claim 1, wherein: the negative pressure of the fly ash ball in the sintering furnace is 500-1200 Pa.
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| TWI822093B (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2023-11-11 | 國立宜蘭大學 | Cement doped with reactive ultra-fine fly ash and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115040998B (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-11-29 | 北京科技大学 | Desulfurizing agent and desulfurizing method for flue gas |
| CN117415142B (en) * | 2023-11-06 | 2024-04-02 | 北京中科润宇环保科技股份有限公司 | Waste incineration fly ash melting furnace |
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| JP2000274646A (en) * | 1999-03-24 | 2000-10-03 | Nkk Plant Engineering Corp | Melting method for coal ash and fly ash of refuse incineration |
| CN102329119B (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2013-01-02 | 深圳市陆基投资有限公司 | High performance concrete admixture and preparation method thereof |
| CN104070054B (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2017-01-11 | 天津壹鸣环境科技股份有限公司 | Waste incineration fly ash sintering reduction treatment method |
| CN107999520A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-08 | 武汉都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | A kind of incineration of refuse flyash Treatment and recovery Application way and device |
| CN111704406A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-09-25 | 重庆三峰环境集团股份有限公司 | Application of household garbage incineration fly ash composite admixture in cement stabilized macadam mixture |
| CN111847928A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-10-30 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Method for comprehensively utilizing waste incineration fly ash and flotation tailings |
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