CN111847928A - Method for comprehensively utilizing waste incineration fly ash and flotation tailings - Google Patents
Method for comprehensively utilizing waste incineration fly ash and flotation tailings Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/28—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag from combustion residues, e.g. ashes or slags from waste incineration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
- C03C1/002—Use of waste materials, e.g. slags
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/38—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches, e.g. mixing with fuel
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for comprehensively utilizing waste incineration fly ash and flotation tailings, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the waste incineration fly ash and the auxiliary raw materials, melting and homogenizing at a high temperature, quenching molten glass liquid to form glass granules, uniformly mixing the glass granules and the wet-based tailings, then conveying the mixture to a dryer, drying the composite material of the glass granules and the wet-based tailings by using waste heat generated by the waste incinerator, conveying the dried material to a mill, and conveying the ground material to a finished product warehouse to obtain the active mixed material of cement. The flotation tailings are subjected to the working procedures of grading, concentrating, dehydrating, filter pressing and the like to obtain wet-based tailings, and the waste heat generated in the waste incineration process is used for drying the composite material of the water-quenched glass granules and the wet-based tailings, so that the problem of tailing drying in the comprehensive utilization process of the tailings is solved, the overall activity of the composite material is improved, and the composite material meets the relevant national standards.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment and comprehensive utilization, in particular to a method for comprehensively utilizing waste incineration fly ash and flotation tailings.
Background
With the continuous progress and development of society, the new urbanization construction process is accelerated, and the production quantity and the over-the-year inventory quantity of urban domestic garbage are continuously increased. Many domestic large-scale cities are gradually surrounded by garbage, a phenomenon of 'garbage enclosing city' occurs, how to realize smooth and abrupt enclosure of the cities in a garbage storage embarrassment is realized, the difficult problem of 'garbage enclosing city' is solved, and the most key stage is to realize the harmlessness, reduction and recycling of the urban garbage. At present, the modes for treating garbage at home and abroad mainly comprise sanitary landfill, composting and incineration. In the age of 'extensive' economy, the landfill of domestic garbage is a way, but the landfill causes a lot of pollution, pollutes atmosphere and water sources, and is easy to cause the explosion of a landfill site because the landfill disposal mode is not right.
Landfills have gradually exited the historical arena. The incineration of garbage becomes an effective way for treating municipal domestic garbage. Firstly, the pollution caused by garbage storage can be effectively solved; and secondly, the resource can be reused, and the system can be used for generating electricity and heating.
At present, the effective classification treatment of the domestic garbage is not completely realized by the national people. Therefore, after the domestic garbage is incinerated, dioxin and heavy metals are brought in the smoke, and correspondingly, secondary pollution is brought, and fly ash generated in the garbage incineration process belongs to solid waste which is difficult to treat. The fly ash is generally classified into dangerous waste, few resources are utilized, most of the fly ash is transported to a conventional landfill or a dangerous landfill to be landfilled after being stabilized and subjected to harmless treatment to meet relevant requirements, the national state is making the standard of the vitrification solidification and harmless comprehensive treatment of the waste incineration fly ash, the dangerous waste can be converted into general industrial solid waste, the vitrified solidified fly ash is converted into general industrial solid waste, and the resource utilization of the fly ash can be smoothly realized.
The beneficiation tailings are derived materials generated in mineral processing of valuable components, after the valuable components are enriched, the residual valuable components are low in content and have no value in recleaning, and are separated out, and the tailings are discharged to a tailing pond after certain treatment. The tailings are discharged year by year, so that the tailings pond is gradually full, and the approval of a new tailings pond is basically impossible, so that the tailings of mining enterprises can be discharged everywhere, and huge pressure is generated on the survival of the mining enterprises. The tailings are solid wastes for mines, but in the period of resource shortage due to the fact that supply of various raw materials is very tight under the current severe environment-friendly situation, the tailings are taken as secondary resources with large quantity and stable supply, and particularly, main silicate mineral components of the tailings are fully reflected according to the basic requirements of mineral raw materials of building materials, so that the urgent requirement of mine tailing reduction and resource utilization expansion under the current situation are closely combined, and the breakthrough of the conversion depends on the key problem of conversion of the tailings to the mineral raw materials of the building material industry.
Since 2018, the cement industry is fierce, the cement price shows a continuous rising trend, and the downstream concrete industry also shows an overall rising trend. The supply of cement raw materials has more problems, which are restricted by environmental protection policies, and the supply of cement mixed materials depended by cement enterprises in some regions is interrupted, for example, the phenomenon of robbing the mixed materials even occurs in some regions along the Yangtze river, which also leads the price of the cement to break through 600 yuan/ton. The tailings are converted into cement mineral raw materials to be input into the cement industry, so that the problems of absorption and disposal of the tailings can be solved, raw materials can be provided for cement plants, and certain economic benefits are created. The tailings are prepared into the cement active mixed material after certain processing treatment, so that the mine can reduce the stockpiling of the tailings and prolong the service life of a tailing pond, and has important economic benefit and social benefit.
The recent ministry of industry and trust has printed the temporary method of comprehensive utilization and management of industrial solid waste resources and the catalogue of the national comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste resources, and enterprises can apply for temporary free-form environmental protection tax and support preferential policies of relevant industries such as reduction of value-added tax, acquired tax and the like according to the comprehensive utilization and evaluation results of industrial solid waste resources and according to the notice and relevant regulations of the ecological environment department of the ministry of taxation of the ministry of finance and government about the environmental protection tax. Aims to establish a scientific and standard comprehensive utilization evaluation mechanism of industrial solid waste resources and guide enterprises to actively develop comprehensive utilization. The product catalog specifies comprehensive utilization conditions and technical requirements of tailings and smelting slag for producing building material products, enterprises producing drum excitation solid wastes actively develop comprehensive utilization of resources, and simultaneously preferential policies such as environmental protection tax exemption and related industry support can be temporarily given according to evaluation results according to related specified applications. Therefore, the comprehensive utilization of tailing resources is actively developed.
In recent years, many units have studied the comprehensive utilization of the resource of the waste incineration fly ash and the mineral processing tailings, but basically the research is carried out on the waste incineration fly ash or the mineral processing tailings only, for example, a patent document with the publication number of CN102531389A discloses a method for preparing microcrystalline glass by melting the waste incineration fly ash in an electric arc furnace. Patent document No. CN103482891B discloses a cement directly ground by fly ash from incineration of domestic garbage and a preparation method thereof, the cement directly ground by fly ash from incineration of domestic garbage is prepared by 0.5-3% of fly ash from incineration of domestic garbage, 66-80% of silicate clinker, 3.5-5% of gypsum, 12-29% of industrial waste residue and 0.1-0.3% of catalyst, and the cement directly ground by fly ash from incineration of domestic garbage is prepared by feeding the raw materials into a ball mill for grinding after metering. The patent document with the publication number of CN103979808A discloses a tungsten tailing cement admixture and application thereof, wherein the tungsten tailing cement admixture comprises tungsten tailings and quicklime, and the addition amount of the quicklime accounts for 0-15% of the mass of the tungsten tailings. The tungsten tailing cement admixture prepared by mechanical activation (mainly grinding) and chemical activation (the added excitant is quicklime) of tungsten tailings can be used for preparing Portland cement with different grades meeting the national standard requirements.
The resource comprehensive utilization of waste incineration fly ash and tailings faces a plurality of very difficult problems, when the waste incineration fly ash resource is comprehensively utilized, although fly ash is harmlessly treated by a high-temperature melting vitrification mode, generally the output of fly ash vitrified granules is small, the yield is unstable, stable product supply cannot be provided, the fly ash vitrified granules are difficult to sell, and in addition, certain harmful components are still contained in the vitrified granules, so that the utilization way of the fly ash is influenced. When the tailings are comprehensively utilized to prepare a cement admixture, the active components in the tailings are low, so that the activity index of the tailings is low, and the requirement of the tailings as the cement active admixture cannot be met, in addition, most of the tailings are ore pulp when being discharged from a mineral separation plant, after the tailings are pretreated by means of concentration, dehydration and the like, the water content of the tailings is usually 10-20%, the tailings need to be dried, under the severe environmental protection pressure at present, coal burning is not possible to be used as a heat source, the drying cost of the tailings can be increased greatly if natural gas, biomass, electricity and the like are adopted, the profitability of a project is extremely poor, and the falling to the ground is difficult.
At present, no one has combined the waste incineration fly ash and the mineral processing tailings to realize the synergistic comprehensive utilization of the waste incineration fly ash and the mineral processing tailings. The cooperative comprehensive utilization of the waste incineration fly ash and the flotation tailings can solve series of troublesome problems at one time and realize the advantage complementation of the waste incineration fly ash and the flotation tailings in the comprehensive utilization process.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a method for comprehensively utilizing waste incineration fly ash and flotation tailings.
According to the invention, when the waste incineration fly ash is subjected to harmless treatment by high-temperature melting vitrification and then is comprehensively utilized, although the fly ash is subjected to harmless treatment by the high-temperature melting vitrification mode, the annual output of the fly ash vitrified granules is generally small, the yield is unstable, the fly ash vitrified granules cannot be continuously supplied to customers as stable goods sources, the market acceptance degree is low, and in addition, certain harmful components are still contained in the vitrified granules, so that the utilization way of the vitrified granules is influenced. When the tailings are comprehensively utilized to prepare the cement admixture, the tailings are low in active components and low in activity index, so that the activity requirement of the tailings as the cement active admixture cannot be met, and the tailings are mostly tailings slurry when discharged from a mineral separation plant, and after the tailings are pretreated by means of concentration, dehydration and the like, the water content of the tailings is still 10-20%, and the tailings are required to be dried and then recycled. Under the severe environmental protection pressure at present, coal burning is impossible to be used as a heat source, and the drying cost is increased sharply by adopting natural gas, biomass or electricity, the profit of the project is extremely poor, and the land falling is difficult.
The invention combines the waste incineration process and the fly ash and the mineral processing tailings to realize the cooperative comprehensive utilization of the waste incineration process and the fly ash and the mineral processing tailings, thereby solving a series of troublesome problems at one time. The heat generated in the waste incineration process provides heat for the high-temperature melting vitrification of the waste incineration fly ash, the waste heat is used for drying the composite material of the glass granules and the wet-based tailings, the proportion of the glass granules in the composite material is low, and harmful components in the glass granules are diluted, so that the harmful components in the composite material do not exceed the standard. In addition, the activity of the water-quenched glass granules is very high, the activity index of a composite material system is improved by compounding the glass granules and tailings, and the requirement of the composite material as a cement active mixed material is met.
The invention combines the waste incineration process and the fly ash and the mineral processing tailings to realize the cooperative comprehensive utilization of the waste incineration process and the fly ash and the mineral processing tailings, and has obvious economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit. The method realizes the large consumption of the tailings for the mining enterprises, solves the problem of the discharge of the tailings of the mining enterprises, provides a new source of cement active mixed materials for the cement enterprises, ensures the stable supply of the raw materials, furthest enriches the comprehensive utilization approach of heat energy in the waste incineration process, and finally realizes the win-win situation.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
the method for preparing the cement active mixed material by the garbage incineration process and the cooperative comprehensive utilization of the fly ash and the flotation tailings comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing waste incineration fly ash and auxiliary raw materials according to a certain mixing ratio to form a basic mixture, heating the basic mixture to be molten by utilizing heat generated by waste incineration to obtain high-temperature molten glass liquid, carrying out water quenching on the molten glass liquid to obtain water-quenched glass granules, uniformly mixing the glass granules and wet-based tailings to form a composite material, drying the composite material by utilizing waste heat generated in the waste incineration process, and grinding the composite material in a grinding machine to a certain fineness to obtain the cement active mixed material.
(1) Preparing materials: uniformly mixing the waste incineration fly ash and the auxiliary material according to a certain proportion, wherein the mass ratio of the waste incineration fly ash to the auxiliary raw material is 3: 7-3: 2.
Preferably, the auxiliary raw material is a natural or artificial material capable of providing a required oxide source raw material or providing a required chemical component;
preferably, the auxiliary raw material is SiO2、CaO、Na2CO3、CaF2、Al2O3、K2CO3、 MgO、NaNO3ZnO and TiO2Four or more or all of them, the weight ratio between them is: 20-70: 0-12: 0-15: 0-11: 0-15: 0-15: 0-13: 0-18: 0-5: 0-4.
(2) Melting and water quenching: the glass granules are obtained by high-temperature melting and water quenching of waste incineration fly ash and auxiliary raw materials.
Preferably, the high-temperature melting temperature is 1400-1550 ℃;
preferably, the high-temperature melting time is 1.0-5.0 h;
preferably, the melt is poured rapidly into water to form water-quenched glass pellets.
(3) Pretreatment of tailings: the wet-based tailings are obtained by screening, concentrating, dehydrating, filter-pressing and other processes of flotation tailings, and the water content of the wet-based tailings is 10-25%.
(4) Composite material: uniformly mixing the water-quenched glass granules and the wet-based tailings according to a certain ratio to form a composite material;
preferably, the mass mixing ratio of the glass granules in the composite material is 5-20%;
preferably, the particle size of the composite material is less than or equal to 5 mm.
(5) The drying heat source of the composite material in the step (4) is provided by a garbage incineration system, and heat generated by the garbage incinerator is used for drying the composite material through a heat exchanger;
preferably, the moisture content of the dried composite material is less than or equal to 2 percent.
(6) Conveying the dried composite material in the step (5) to a grinding machine for grinding, wherein the material is ground to 650m2And/g, obtaining the cement active mixed material.
(7) According to the step (6), the activity index of the prepared cement active mixed material is not less than 70.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for preparing cement active mixed materials by the synergistic comprehensive utilization of waste incineration process and fly ash and flotation tailings thereof, and provides a novel method for the comprehensive utilization of waste incineration fly ash and flotation tailings, which can solve the problem of inconvenience in the comprehensive utilization process of the waste incineration fly ash and the flotation tailings.
The high-temperature melting vitrification harmless treatment of the waste incineration fly ash can solidify harmful components such as chloride in the fly ash in a vitreous body, so that the waste incineration fly ash after vitrification harmless treatment meets the standard of general solid wastes, the goal of high-efficiency harmless treatment of all the components of the waste incineration fly ash is realized, and the high-temperature melting vitrification harmless treatment has important guiding significance for promoting environmental management. The heat generated in the waste incineration process can be used for generating electricity and drying the composite material of the glass granules and the wet-based tailings after the waste incineration fly ash is melted, vitrified and water quenched, so that the drying cost is reduced. The glass granules and the tailings are compounded according to a certain proportion, and the composite material is ground to a certain fineness and then can be used as a cement active mixed material.
The invention reduces the comprehensive disposal cost of the waste incineration fly ash, reduces the environmental pollution, saves the land, simultaneously improves the activity of the tailings by compounding the glass granules and the tailings, provides feasibility for large-scale consumption of the tailings, provides a high-activity mixed material for the cement industry under the condition of shortage of cement raw materials, reduces the supply pressure of the cement raw materials, and has remarkable economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit.
The concentration of leachate of main concern elements in the fly ash and the tailings treated by the method provided by the invention in the prepared cement active mixed material does not exceed the concentration limit value specified in GB 5085.3-2007 hazardous waste identification standard leaching toxicity identification, the pH value does not exceed the standard limit value of GB 5085.1-2007 hazardous waste identification standard corrosivity identification, and the cement active mixed material does not have leaching toxicity and corrosivity.
The cement active mixed material provided by the application is ground until the fineness is minus 45 mu m and the screen residue is less than or equal to 10 percent, and the specific surface area is 370-2When per kg, the material can meet the requirements of various indexes in table 2 in GB/T15962017 fly ash used in cement and concrete.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of fly ash from incineration of refuse used in an example of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of tailings used in examples of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram of the cementitious active admixture prepared in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following described embodiments are some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention, and are only used for illustrating the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The method for preparing the cement active mixed material by the waste incineration process and the cooperative and comprehensive utilization of the fly ash and the flotation tailings comprises the following steps:
in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of the raw materials is preferably 3:7 to 3:2, for example, 3:4, 3:5, 3:6, 3:7, 4:4, 4:5, 4:6, 4:7, 5:4, 5:5, 5:6, 5:7, 6:4, 6:5, 6:6, 6: 7.
The physical and chemical properties of the added auxiliary raw materials are utilized as a fluxing agent of the waste incineration fly ash, the melting property of the basic batch can be obviously improved within the proportion range, the batch already forms a glass melt when the Cl-containing component in the fly ash is not completely escaped, and the Cl-containing component in the fly ash is dissolved in a glass grid along with the extremely rapid cooling of the melt when the molten glass body is quenched.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the auxiliary material for mixing with the fly ash from waste incineration is SiO2、CaO、Na2CO3、CaF2、Al2O3、K2CO3、MgO、NaNO3ZnO and TiO2Four or more or all of them.
The waste incineration fly ash comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Na2O 3.0％～5.0％、MgO 1.0％～4.0％、Al2O30.5％～2.5％、SiO23.0％～10.0％、P 0.1％～1.5％、SO33.5％～8.0％、K2O 0.5％～2.0％、CaO 35.0％～65.5％、TiO20.1％～1.5％、Cr2O30.01％～0.2％、MnO 0.01％～1.5％、 Fe2O30.5％～7.5％、CuO0.01％～0.5％、ZnO 0.05％～0.6％、As2O30.01％～0.05％、SrO 0.01％～0.09％、ZrO20.01％～0.05％、Sb2O30.01％～0.3％、 BaO 0.01％～0.5％、CeO20.01 to 0.09 percent of lead sulfide (PbO), 0.01 to 0.05 percent of lead sulfide (PbO), 0.01 to 0.5 percent of F, 6.5 to 21.0 percent of Cl and 0.01 to 0.3 percent of Br.
The X-ray diffraction pattern of the waste incineration fly ash used in the embodiment of the invention is shown in figure 1, and analysis shows that certain crystalline state SiO exists in the fly ash2And more Cl-containing component substances are also present, and although the typical steamed bread-bun peak presented by the amorphous substance is not present, the fly ash still contains the amorphous substance. The XRF composition analysis results of the waste incineration fly ash are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 XRF composition analysis results of refuse incineration fly ash
| Components | Na2O | MgO | Al2O3 | SiO2 | P2O5 | SO3 | K2O | CaO |
| wt/％ | 3.812 | 2.31 | 1.82 | 4.94 | 0.81 | 6.52 | 1.25 | 54.32 |
| Components | TiO2 | Cr2O3 | MnO | Fe2O3 | CuO | ZnO | As2O3 | SrO |
| wt/％ | 0.527 | 0.03 | 0.093 | 3.904 | 0.032 | 0.342 | 0.005 | 0.065 |
| Components | ZrO2 | Sb2O3 | BaO | CeO2 | PbO | F | Cl | Br |
| wt/％ | 0.015 | 0.104 | 0.205 | 0.059 | 0.043 | 0.093 | 18.644 | 0.064 |
The X-ray diffraction pattern of the tailings used in the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 2, and analysis shows that four main phases exist in the mineral processing tailings, the crystallization peaks are obvious, namely the crystallization state is good, the crystal content is high, the mineral processing tailings also contain certain S-containing components, and the S-containing components are usually unfavorable components in the comprehensive utilization process of the tailings. The XRF component analysis results of the mineral processing tailings are shown in a table 2.
Table 2 XRF composition analysis results of mineral tailings
| Components | Na2O | MgO | Al2O3 | SiO2 | P2O5 | SO3 | K2O | CaO |
| wt/％ | 0.479 | 2.06 | 8.425 | 44.959 | 0.277 | 2.785 | 1.639 | 25.931 |
| Components | TiO2 | MnO | Fe2O3 | CuO | ZnO | As2O3 | Rb2O | SrO |
| wt/％ | 0.396 | 0.392 | 12.239 | 0.157 | 0.072 | 0.01 | 0.013 | 0.046 |
| Components | Y2O3 | ZrO2 | PbO | Cl | ||||
| wt/％ | 0.003 | 0.012 | 0.01 | 0.093 |
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the raw material is preferably selected, and the auxiliary raw materials should be powder materials, that is, the particle size is less than or equal to 2 mm.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the temperature and time for heating and melting are preferably 1400-; the time for melting at high temperature is 1.0-5.0h, preferably 2.0-4.0 h.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, a heat fusion apparatus is preferred, the heat fusion operating in a glass melting furnace.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the wet-based tailings are obtained by screening, concentrating, dewatering, and filter-pressing flotation tailings, and the moisture content of the flotation tailings is 10-25%.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the composite prepared from water quenched glass pellets and tailings is dried to a moisture content of 2.0% or less.
The cement active mixed material prepared by the invention comprises the water-quenched glass aggregate and a composite material prepared from tailings, and the specific surface area of the composite material is 350-650m2/g。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Example 1
Accurately metering the waste incineration fly ash and auxiliary raw materials according to the proportion to prepare a basic composite material, wherein the waste incineration fly ash is doped with 30 percent of Na by mass2CO37.3% of MgO, 9.1% of Al2O310.9% of SiO was added2Incorporation of 36.2%, K2CO32.5% of CaF is added2Doping 2.0% NaNO32.0% of the mixture is mixed, and then the mixture is fed into a mixer to be mixed evenly;
conveying the prepared basic composite material to a glass melting furnace, wherein the melting temperature is 1500 ℃, and the melting time is 2.0h, so as to form homogenized and clarified molten glass;
opening a discharge port of the glass melting furnace, enabling homogenized and clarified glass liquid to rapidly flow into a water quenching tank to obtain water quenched glass particles after harmless treatment of the waste incineration fly ash, draining water of the glass particles to enable the water content of the glass particles to be 15.0%, and reserving the glass particles for later use;
compounding water-quenched glass granules and the pretreated tailings according to a raw material ratio, wherein the water-quenched glass granules are doped with 10% of the tailings and the tailings are doped with 90.0% of the tailings according to the dry-basis mass ratio of the materials, conveying the composite material to a dryer, drying the composite material through a waste incineration heat exchanger, and controlling the water content of the dried material to be 1.5%;
placing the dried composite material into a ball mill for grinding for 35min, wherein the specific surface area of the ground material is 530m2And/g, obtaining the cement active mixed material.
The activity index of the prepared cement active mixed material is 76, and the technical requirement that the activity index is more than or equal to 70 is met according to the national standard GB/T1596-2017 fly ash for cement and concrete.
Example 2
Accurately metering the waste incineration fly ash and auxiliary raw materials according to the proportion to prepare a basic composite material, wherein the waste incineration fly ash is doped with 40 percent of Na by mass2CO36.9% of Al is doped2O30.6% SiO was added2Incorporation of 38.6%, K2CO36.4% of CaF is added24.5% of Na was addedNO33.0 percent of the mixture is mixed and then is sent into a mixer to be mixed evenly;
conveying the prepared basic composite material to a glass melting furnace, wherein the melting temperature is 1450 ℃, and the melting time is 2.5 hours, so as to form homogenized and clarified molten glass;
opening a discharge port of the glass melting furnace, enabling homogenized and clarified glass liquid to rapidly flow into a water quenching tank to obtain water quenched glass particles after harmless treatment of the waste incineration fly ash, draining water of the glass particles to ensure that the water content is 13.0%, and reserving the glass particles for later use;
compounding water-quenched glass granules and the pretreated tailings according to a raw material ratio, wherein the water-quenched glass granules are doped with 15% of the tailings and the tailings are doped with 85.0% of the tailings according to the dry-basis mass ratio of the materials, conveying the composite material to a dryer, drying the composite material through a waste incineration heat exchanger, and controlling the water content of the dried material to be 2.0%;
placing the dried composite material into a ball mill for grinding for 25min, wherein the specific surface area of the ground material is 460m2And/g, obtaining the cement active mixed material.
The activity index of the prepared cement active mixed material is 81, and the technical requirement that the activity index is more than or equal to 70 is met, wherein the activity index is specified by GB/T1596-2017 fly ash in cement and concrete.
Example 3
Accurately metering the waste incineration fly ash and auxiliary raw materials according to the proportion to prepare a basic composite material, wherein 50 percent of Na and 50 percent of waste incineration fly ash are doped according to the mass ratio2CO33.5% of MgO, 1.6% of Al2O3Doping 1.9% SiO2Incorporation of 30.5%, K2CO33.5% of CaF is added23.5% of NaNO is doped33.0 percent of ZnO is doped, 2.5 percent of ZnO is doped, and then the mixture is fed into a mixer to be mixed evenly;
conveying the prepared basic composite material to a glass melting furnace, wherein the melting temperature is 1550 ℃, and the melting time is 3.5 hours, so as to form homogenized and clarified molten glass;
opening a discharge port of the glass melting furnace, enabling homogenized and clarified glass liquid to rapidly flow into a water quenching tank to obtain water quenched glass particles after harmless treatment of the waste incineration fly ash, draining water of the glass particles to enable the water content of the glass particles to be 16.0%, and reserving the glass particles for later use;
compounding water-quenched glass granules and the pretreated tailings according to a raw material ratio, wherein the water-quenched glass granules are doped with 17% of the tailings and 83.0% of the tailings according to the dry-basis mass ratio of the materials, conveying the composite material to a dryer, drying the composite material through a waste incineration heat exchanger, and controlling the water content of the dried material to be 1.0%;
placing the dried composite material into a ball mill for grinding for 30min, wherein the specific surface area of the ground material is 510m2And/g, obtaining the cement active mixed material.
The activity index of the prepared cement active mixed material is 87, and the technical requirement that the activity index is more than or equal to 70 is met according to the national standard GB/T1596-2017 fly ash for cement and concrete.
Example 4
Accurately metering the waste incineration fly ash and auxiliary raw materials according to the proportion to prepare a basic composite material, wherein the waste incineration fly ash is doped with 35 percent of Na by mass2CO33.1% of MgO, 4.6% of Al2O3Doping 1.0% SiO2Incorporation of 38.3%, K2CO35.5% of CaF is added2Doping 8.5% of NaNO31.0% doped, 2.5% doped ZnO, TiO2Mixing 0.5%, and mixing in a mixer;
conveying the prepared basic composite material to a glass melting furnace, wherein the melting temperature is 1510 ℃, and the melting time is 4.0h, so as to form homogenized and clarified molten glass;
opening a discharge port of the glass melting furnace, enabling homogenized and clarified glass liquid to rapidly flow into a water quenching tank to obtain water quenched glass particles after harmless treatment of the waste incineration fly ash, draining water of the glass particles to ensure that the water content of the glass particles is 11.0%, and reserving the glass particles for later use;
compounding water-quenched glass granules and the pretreated tailings according to a raw material ratio, wherein the water-quenched glass granules are doped with 20% of the tailings and the tailings are doped with 80.0% of the tailings according to the dry-basis mass ratio of the materials, conveying the composite material to a dryer, drying the composite material through a waste incineration heat exchanger, and controlling the water content of the dried material to be 0.5%;
placing the dried composite material into a ball mill for grinding for 45min, wherein the specific surface area of the ground material is 610m2And/g, obtaining the cement active mixed material.
The activity index of the prepared cement active mixed material is 98, and the technical requirement that the activity index is more than or equal to 70 is met according to the national standard GB/T1596-2017 fly ash for cement and concrete.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are not restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention; it is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such alternatives and modifications that are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for comprehensively utilizing waste incineration fly ash and flotation tailings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing the waste incineration fly ash and auxiliary raw materials, melting, performing water quenching to form glass granules, mixing the glass granules with wet-based tailings, drying, and grinding the dried composite material to obtain the cement active mixed material.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the waste incineration fly ash comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Na2O 3.0％～5.0％、MgO 1.0％～4.0％、Al2O30.5％～2.5％、SiO23.0％～10.0％、P0.1％～1.5％、SO33.5％～8.0％、K2O 0.5％～2.0％、CaO 35.0％～65.5％、TiO20.1％～1.5％、Cr2O30.01％～0.2％、MnO 0.01％～1.5％、Fe2O30.5％～7.5％、CuO 0.01％～0.5％、ZnO 0.05％～0.6％、As2O30.01％～0.05％、SrO 0.01％～0.09％、ZrO20.01％～0.05％、Sb2O30.01％～0.3％、BaO 0.01％～0.5％、CeO20.01％～0.09％、PbO 0.01％～0.05％、F 0.01％～0.5％、Cl 6.5％～21.0％、Br 0.01％～0.3％；
the auxiliary raw materials are selected from: SiO 22、CaO、Na2CO3、CaF2、Al2O3、K2CO3、MgO、NaNO3、ZnO、TiO2；
The mass ratio of the waste incineration fly ash to the auxiliary raw materials is selected from: 3:7 to 3: 2.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the glass pellets are obtained by melt water quenching fly ash and auxiliary raw materials;
the melting temperature is 1400-1550 ℃;
the melting time is 1.0-5.0 h.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the wet-based tailings are obtained by screening, concentrating, dehydrating and filter-pressing flotation tailings, and the water content of the wet-based tailings is 10-25%.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the composite material is less than or equal to 5 mm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying heat source of the composite material is derived from a waste incineration system, the heat generated by the waste incinerator is used for drying the composite material, and the moisture of the dried composite material is less than or equal to 2%.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying is performedThe composite material is ground, and the specific surface area of the ground material is 350-650m2/g。
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cement reactive admixture has an activity index of 70 or more.
9. The method of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
uniformly mixing the waste incineration fly ash and auxiliary raw materials, melting and homogenizing at 1400-1550 ℃ for 1.0-5.0h, performing water quenching on molten glass to form glass granules, mixing the glass granules with wet-based tailings to form a composite material, conveying the composite material to a dryer, drying the composite material of the glass granules and the wet-based tailings by using waste heat generated by a municipal refuse incinerator, conveying the dried composite material to a mill, and grinding the composite material until the specific surface area of the composite material is 350-650 m-2And/g, obtaining the cement active mixed material.
10. The cement active admixture is characterized by being prepared from waste incineration fly ash and flotation tailings.
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| CN114988736A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-09-02 | 江汉大学 | Concrete admixture and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112794668A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-14 | 浙江合力海科新材料股份有限公司 | Production process for preparing concrete admixture by utilizing waste incineration fly ash partial fusion sintered body |
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| CN114988736A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-09-02 | 江汉大学 | Concrete admixture and preparation method thereof |
| CN114804676A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-07-29 | 北京金隅红树林环保技术有限责任公司 | Cement active mixed material prepared from waste incineration fly ash and cyanided tailings and preparation method thereof |
| CN114804676B (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-12-05 | 北京金隅红树林环保技术有限责任公司 | Cement active mixed material prepared from waste incineration fly ash and cyanide tailings and preparation method thereof |
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