CN112842605B - Double-sleeve tracheal intubation device for rats - Google Patents
Double-sleeve tracheal intubation device for rats Download PDFInfo
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- CN112842605B CN112842605B CN202110034210.2A CN202110034210A CN112842605B CN 112842605 B CN112842605 B CN 112842605B CN 202110034210 A CN202110034210 A CN 202110034210A CN 112842605 B CN112842605 B CN 112842605B
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- 238000002627 tracheal intubation Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 title abstract description 57
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 210000002409 epiglottis Anatomy 0.000 description 5
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- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 206010000891 acute myocardial infarction Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
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- 210000004704 glottis Anatomy 0.000 description 3
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- 229930003347 Atropine Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- 206010019280 Heart failures Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RKUNBYITZUJHSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hyosciamin-hydrochlorid Natural products CN1C(C2)CCC1CC2OC(=O)C(CO)C1=CC=CC=C1 RKUNBYITZUJHSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RKUNBYITZUJHSG-SPUOUPEWSA-N atropine Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@H]2CC[C@@H](C1)N2C)C(=O)C(CO)C1=CC=CC=C1 RKUNBYITZUJHSG-SPUOUPEWSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
- A61D1/00—Surgical instruments for veterinary use
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a rat double-sleeve trachea cannula device which comprises an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve and a guide steel wire. The outer sleeve is used as an oral cavity expanding tube and is nested on the outer layer of the inner sleeve, and comprises an expanding end extending into an oral cavity and a holding end arranged on the outer side; the front end of the opening end is an inclined plane, the included angle between the tail end and the holding end is 100-120 degrees, and the thickness of the connecting part is 2-2.5 mm. The inner sleeve is used as a breathing tube, the front end is provided with a certain angle and passivates corners, and the tail end is provided with a breathing machine connecting mechanism; the length of the guide steel wire is longer than that of the inner sleeve. The trachea cannula assembly can effectively realize quick cannula, does not need tracheotomy, and avoids complex operation and extra damage to rats. The use result shows that the method has small damage to rats, is stable and reliable, has high success rate, avoids extra damage caused by exposure of multiple wounds in the open chest operation, is beneficial to secondary or multiple open chest operations, and increases animal survival rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rat trachea cannula, and particularly relates to a rat double-cannula trachea cannula device for maintaining mechanical respiration during a rat thoracotomy.
Background
Acute myocardial infarction is myocardial necrosis caused by acute and persistent ischemia and hypoxia of the coronary arteries. The clinical characteristics of the disease are severe and durable poststernal pain, rest and nitrate medicines can not be completely relieved, and the disease is accompanied by the increase of serum myocardial enzyme activity and progressive electrocardiographic change, can be complicated with arrhythmia, shock or heart failure, and can endanger life. Acute myocardial infarction is most common in europe and america, with about 150 tens of thousands of myocardial infarction occurring annually in the united states. In recent years, china has a remarkable rising trend, and at least 50 ten thousand new diseases are generated each year, and at least 200 ten thousand new diseases are generated, so that the research on acute myocardial infarction is more and more important. In animal experiments, rats are mostly taken as research objects, and in experiments for molding acute myocardial infarction, operations are required to be performed by opening the chest of the rats.
When a thoracotomy is performed on a rat, the negative pressure in the chest of the rat cannot be maintained, and a respiratory cannula must be used. Because the tracheal diameter of the rat is smaller, the conventional rat respiratory intubation generally adopts a tracheotomy intubation method. We find that in the establishment of rat myocardial infarction scar model, the tracheotomy has the disadvantages of large wound surface, more wounds, easy concurrent infection after operation, aggravation of injury during secondary intubation, low survival rate and the like, and the establishment of experimental model is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems. The inventor refers to vascular catheter technology in interventional cardiology technology, and discovers through multiple experiments that a double cannula insertion method is invented, and a rat double cannula tracheal cannula device is formed by the double cannula tracheal cannula device, so that a respiratory tube can be directly inserted from the oral cavity through the pharyngeal portion without tracheotomy, and complex operation and multiple damage to the rat are avoided. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the rat double-sleeve tracheal intubation device provided by the invention has the following technical characteristics: comprises an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve and a guiding steel wire. The outer sleeve is used as an oral cavity expanding tube and is nested on the outer layer of the inner sleeve, and comprises an expanding end extending into an oral cavity and a holding end arranged on the outer side; the front end face of the opening end is an inclined plane, the included angle between the tail end and the holding end is 100-120 degrees, and the thickness of the connecting part is 2-2.5 mm; the inner sleeve is used as a breathing tube, the front end is provided with a certain angle and passivates corners, and the tail end is provided with a breathing machine connecting mechanism; the length of the guide steel wire is longer than that of the inner sleeve.
Further, in the rat double-sleeve tracheal intubation device provided by the invention, the length of the open end of the outer sleeve is 30mm, and the outer sleeve is of a tapered structure.
Further, in the rat double cannula tracheal intubation device provided by the invention, the angle of the front end of the opening end is 30 degrees.
Further, in the rat double-cannula tracheal intubation device provided by the invention, the included angle between the tail end of the opening end and the holding end is 120 degrees.
Furthermore, in the rat double-sleeve tracheal intubation device provided by the invention, the length of the inner sleeve is 8cm, the front end is trimmed at 45 degrees and corners are passivated, and the tail end is provided with a breather pipe interface (3-5 sealed inner grooves).
Further, in the rat double-cannula tracheal intubation device provided by the invention, the length of the guide steel wire is 10cm, the front end is passivated into a round angle and is bent, and the tail end is a holding end.
Furthermore, in the rat double-cannula tracheal intubation device provided by the invention, graduations are arranged on the guide steel wire, and each 1cm interval is provided with one graduation.
The three structures of the invention can be specially opened for mass production, and can be self-made in emergency. The outer sleeve is made of a laboratory 1mL polypropylene standard suction head (tip), is sheared and heated to bend 60 degrees according to a design style, and forms a holding end and a stretching end of the stretcher, and the stretching end is used as a breathing tube fixing structure; the breathing tube is made of PVC intravenous infusion needle hose, the back end infusion hose interface is reserved, the front end is trimmed at 45 degrees and the corners are passivated, so that the ventilation caliber of the end part is enlarged; the guiding steel wire is made of a vascular guiding steel wire for operation, the front end is cauterized and passivated with an external coating, and the rear end is wrapped with a 1 cm-length adhesive tape to be used as a holding end of an intubation tube.
Effects and effects of the invention
The rat double-sleeve tracheal intubation device provided by the invention has the following technical effects:
1. simple manufacture and low cost: the manufacturing materials can be common equipment in biological laboratories, such as tip, transfusion hose, guide steel wire, etc., and the manufacturing method is simple and convenient without professional tools, and the manufacturing cost is low.
2. The operation is simple and convenient, and the threshold is low: when the assembly is used for rat trachea cannula operation, the operation technical threshold is lower as long as the assembly is combined with a frontal mirror (operation head lamp) to accurately pick up the positioning vocal cords of the epiglottis, so that the tube can be placed without the requirement of breathing time control. The common rat respiratory intubation time generally selects the rat to rapidly insert the elastic guide wire after the epiglottis cartilage and the glottis are opened during exhalation, and technical and empirical requirements exist.
3. The fixing protection effect is good: the outer sleeve is convenient for controlling the insertion depth and fixing of the breathing tube, and meanwhile, the breathing tube is protected from being pressed by the tongue teeth of the rat, normal ventilation is ensured, and the postoperative survival rate of the rat is improved.
In sum, the assembly can effectively realize quick intubation without tracheotomy, and avoids complex operation and extra damage to rats. The use result shows that the method has small damage to rats, is stable and reliable, has high success rate, avoids extra damage caused by exposure of multiple wounds in the open chest operation, is beneficial to secondary or multiple open chest operations, and increases animal survival rate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rat double cannula endotracheal intubation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of an outer sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the inner sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a guide wire in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings. The following examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1 rat double cannula tracheal intubation device structure
According to fig. 1, the rat double cannula tracheal intubation device 100 comprises an outer cannula 1, an inner cannula 2 and a guiding wire 3. The outer sleeve 1 is used as an oral cavity expanding pipe and is nested at the outer layer of the inner sleeve; the inner sleeve 2 is used as a respiratory tube and is arranged in the outer sleeve 1 to be used as a respiratory passage of a rat; the guide steel wire 3 is used as a guide to guide the insertion of the breathing tube, the guide steel wire is pulled out after the intubation is completed, and the rear end of the breathing tube is connected with a breathing mechanism to form a ventilation structure.
According to fig. 2, the outer sleeve 1 comprises two parts, an open end 11 extending into the mouth and a grip end 12 arranged on the outside. The length of the propping end 11 is 30mm, the angle of the front end is 30 degrees, corners are passivated, the included angle between the tail end and the holding end is 120 degrees, the thickness of the connecting part is about 2mm, the effective bending can be ensured, the hardness of the connecting part is enough, and the propping end 11 can be controlled to act.
According to fig. 3, the length of the inner sleeve 2 is 8cm, the front end is trimmed at 45 degrees and corners are passivated to enlarge the ventilation caliber of the end part, and the tail end is provided with a ventilation pipe interface, so that the inner sleeve is convenient to be connected with a breathing machine pipeline in a sealing way. According to fig. 4, the length of the guide wire 3 is 10cm, the effective length is 9cm, the front end is passivated into a round angle and bent, and the tail end is a holding end of 1 cm; furthermore, the guide steel wire is provided with scales, and each 1cm interval is provided with one scale, so that the depth of the opposite tube can be considered conveniently in the tube placing process.
The three structures in the implementation can be specially opened for mass production, and also can be self-made in a laboratory. According to FIG. 2, the outer sleeve 1 is made of a laboratory 1mL polypropylene standard tip (tip), and the tip tube is sheared according to the design; then the tail end part is heated and bent for 60 degrees to form the holding end of the spreader; after 15cm of the head end portion was cut, the corners were trimmed 45 ° and passivated as the head of the open end which simultaneously served as the breathing tube securing structure.
The breathing tube is made of PVC intravenous infusion needle hose, the back end infusion hose interface is reserved, the front end is trimmed at 45 degrees and the corners are passivated, so that the ventilation caliber of the end part is enlarged; the guiding steel wire is made of a vascular guiding steel wire for operation, a 10cm steel wire is cut, the front end is cauterized and passivated with an external coating, and the rear end is wrapped with a 1 cm-length adhesive tape to be used as a holding end of an intubation tube.
Example 2 experimental verification
1. Materials and methods
Animals: SD rats 28 (Shanghai B.K. company), 18 female, 10 male, 230 g.+ -. 20g.
A rat double cannula tracheal intubation device was prepared as described in example 1.
2. The operation steps are as follows:
(1) Rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of 50mg/kg of 3% pentobarbital sodium, and 0.05mg/kg of atropine was administered by intramuscular injection to reduce airway secretions; after 10-15 minutes, the rat lies on the back, and the limbs and the head are fixed on the rat fixing board.
(2) The rat tongue is gently pulled out and lifted by the tongue forceps, and the oral cavity stretching tube is pushed into the oral cavity of the rat along the upper jaw of the rat by means of the frontal mirror, and the epiglottis cartilage is gently lifted by the tip of the oral cavity stretching tube to expose the glottis.
(3) Inserting the guide wire into the breathing tube with the tip exposed by about 1 cm; inserting the tip of the guide steel wire between two vocal cords along the side wall of the expanding tube in the exhalation gap of the rat; the front section of the breathing tube faces downwards, slides into the respiratory tract along the guide steel wire, and after the breathing tube reaches a proper depth (about 1 cm), the guide steel wire is withdrawn gently, the other end of the breathing tube is connected with an upper breathing machine, and artificial respiration is carried out according to indoor air and tidal volume of 2ml/100g for 65 times/min, and the intubation operation is completed.
3. Results
28 rats were subjected to respiratory intubation 43 times together, and respiratory intubation was successfully completed 41 times except for 1 time of respiratory intubation operation in which the respiratory intubation was removed, respiratory failure death after reinsertion and 1 time of death due to anesthesia, with a success rate of 95.3%.
The results show that the method for intubation by using the assembly in the embodiment has small damage to rats, stability, reliability and high success rate, avoids extra damage caused by exposure of multiple wounds in the open chest operation, is beneficial to secondary or multiple open chest operations, and increases the survival rate of animals. In experiments, the fact that respiratory tract secretions are increased due to the fact that anesthesia is not deep and repeated intubation is conducted, and because the respiratory tube diameter is small, excessive secretions can seriously influence the smooth breath of rats, so that the control of anesthesia injection dosage and respiratory intubation timing is particularly important.
To sum up, the rat double-cannula tracheal intubation device in the embodiment has the following technical effects:
1. simple manufacture and low cost: the materials can be made from common equipment in biological laboratories, such as tip, infusion hose, guide wire, etc., and can be prepared without special tools or industrial die sinking, and the laboratory materials can be selected for preparation, so that the method is simple and convenient, and the manufacturing cost is low.
2. The operation is simple and convenient, and the threshold is low: when the assembly is used for rat trachea cannula operation, the operation technical threshold is lower as long as the assembly is combined with a frontal mirror (operation head lamp) to accurately pick up the positioning vocal cords of the epiglottis, so that the tube can be placed without the requirement of breathing time control. The common rat respiratory intubation time generally selects the rat to rapidly insert the elastic guide steel wire after the epiglottis cartilage and the glottis are opened during exhalation, and the technique and experience requirements exist and the rat respiratory intubation time can be mastered by repeated exercise.
3. The fixing protection effect is good: the outer sleeve is convenient for controlling the insertion depth and fixing of the breathing tube, and meanwhile, the breathing tube is protected from being pressed by the tongue teeth of the rat, normal ventilation is ensured, and the postoperative survival rate of the rat is improved.
In sum, the assembly can effectively realize quick intubation without tracheotomy, and avoids complex operation and extra damage to rats. The use result shows that the method has small damage to rats, is stable and reliable, has high success rate, avoids extra damage caused by exposure of multiple wounds in the open chest operation, is beneficial to secondary or multiple open chest operations, and increases animal survival rate.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A rat double-sleeve trachea cannula device is characterized by comprising an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve and a guide steel wire,
the outer sleeve is used as an oral cavity stretching pipe and is nested on the outer layer of the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve comprises a stretching end stretching into an oral cavity and a holding end arranged on the outer side, the length of the stretching end is 30mm, the outer sleeve is of a tapered structure, the front end is an inclined plane with an included angle of 30 degrees, the included angle between the tail end and the holding end is 100-120 degrees, and the thickness of a connecting part is 2-2.5 mm;
the inner sleeve is used as a breathing tube, the front end of the inner sleeve is provided with a certain angle and passivates corners, and the tail end of the inner sleeve is provided with a breathing machine connecting mechanism;
the length of the guide steel wire is longer than that of the inner sleeve.
2. The rat double cannula tracheal intubation device of claim 1, wherein:
wherein, the tail end of the open end and the holding end have an included angle of 120 degrees.
3. The rat double cannula tracheal intubation device of claim 1, wherein:
wherein, inlayer sleeve pipe length is 8cm, and front end 45 is pruned and passivation corner, and the tail end is provided with the breather pipe interface.
4. A rat double cannula tracheal cannula device according to claim 3, wherein:
the length of the guide steel wire is 10cm, the front end of the guide steel wire is passivated into a round angle and bent, and the tail end of the guide steel wire is a holding end.
5. The rat double cannula tracheal intubation device of claim 4, wherein:
wherein, the guide steel wire is provided with scales, and each 1cm interval is provided with one scale.
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| CN202110034210.2A CN112842605B (en) | 2021-01-12 | 2021-01-12 | Double-sleeve tracheal intubation device for rats |
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2021
- 2021-01-12 CN CN202110034210.2A patent/CN112842605B/en active Active
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| US4068659A (en) * | 1976-07-12 | 1978-01-17 | Deseret Pharmaceutical Co., Inc. | Catheter placement assembly |
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| CN112842605A (en) | 2021-05-28 |
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