CN112835242B

CN112835242B - Multifunctional multicolor electrochromic display screen capable of detecting environmental electromagnetic radiation and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112835242B
Application number: CN201911165822.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵志刚; 陈健; 王振; 丛杉
Original assignee: Suzhou Institute of Nano Tech and Nano Bionics of CAS
Current assignee: Suzhou Institute of Nano Tech and Nano Bionics of CAS
Priority date: 2019-11-25
Filing date: 2019-11-25
Publication date: 2022-07-12
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-25
Also published as: CN112835242A

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional multicolor electrochromic display screen capable of detecting environmental electromagnetic radiation and application thereof. The colorful electrochromic display screen comprises a display screen main body, a collector unit, a detector unit, a processor unit, a colorful electrochromic display unit with a colorful electrochromic structure and a digital display unit. The colorful electrochromic structure comprises a working electrode, an electrolyte and a counter electrode, wherein the working electrode comprises a first optical structure layer and a second optical structure layer which are opposite and parallel to each other, a dielectric layer is arranged between the first optical structure layer and the second optical structure layer, the dielectric layer is made of an electrochromic material, the bonding interfaces of the dielectric layer and the first optical structure layer as well as the bonding interfaces of the dielectric layer and the second optical structure layer are respectively a first surface and a second surface of the dielectric layer, and the first surface, the second surface and the dielectric layer form an optical cavity. The colorful electrochromic display screen can realize the electromagnetic radiation in the detection environment to display rich color changes, and display electromagnetic radiation information for users.

Description

Multifunctional multicolor electrochromic display screen capable of detecting environmental electromagnetic radiation and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a display screen, in particular to a multifunctional multicolor electrochromic display screen capable of detecting environmental electromagnetic radiation and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of photoelectricity.

Background

With the development of scientific and technological progress, the popularization of household appliances and the rapid development of communication electronic products, great convenience is brought to the life style of people, but the electromagnetic radiation pollution brought along with the popularization of household appliances is more and more serious. Electromagnetic radiation, also known as e-fog pollution/electromagnetic pollution, is a further important source of pollution following air/water pollution and noise pollution, and as electromagnetic radiation is colorless, tasteless and intangible, it can penetrate many substances including the human body and people cannot detect this stealthy pollution through the sense organs. In recent decades, the rapid development of mobile communication has led to the popularization of communication towers, and high-voltage power lines and substations have gradually approached residential areas, including the popularization of household appliances such as microwave ovens and hair dryers in daily life, and electromagnetic radiation is gradually growing into living spaces of people eating silkworm. Research has shown that electromagnetic radiation over a certain extent and for a certain time can have varying degrees of influence on people's lives. Therefore, scientific and intuitive measurements of electromagnetic radiation are of great importance and are at the forefront.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a multifunctional multicolor electrochromic display screen capable of detecting environmental electromagnetic radiation so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide applications of the multifunctional multicolor electrochromic display panel capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation, for example, applications in the field of ambient electromagnetic radiation detection.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:

the embodiment of the invention provides a multifunctional multicolor electrochromic display screen capable of detecting environmental electromagnetic radiation, which comprises: a display screen main body;

a collector unit at least to collect ambient electromagnetic radiation;

a detector unit at least to convert electromagnetic radiation energy into chemical or electrical energy;

the processor unit is at least used for processing the converted chemical energy or electric energy signal and calculating the electromagnetic radiation intensity;

the multi-color electrochromic display unit comprises a multi-color electrochromic structure and is at least used for generating color change under the regulation and control action of the processor unit according to the change of an electric signal transmitted by the processor unit;

the digital display unit is at least used for displaying the electromagnetic radiation intensity information;

the multi-color electrochromic structure comprises a working electrode, an electrolyte and a counter electrode, wherein the electrolyte is distributed between the working electrode and the counter electrode, the working electrode comprises a first optical structure layer and a second optical structure layer which are opposite and parallel to each other, the first optical structure layer and the second optical structure layer are optically reflective and/or optically transmissive, a dielectric layer is arranged between the first optical structure layer and the second optical structure layer, the dielectric layer is made of an electrochromic material, the bonding interfaces of the dielectric layer and the first optical structure layer as well as the second optical structure layer are respectively a first surface and a second surface of the dielectric layer, and the first surface, the second surface and the dielectric layer form an optical cavity; when the incident light enters the optical cavity from the first optical structure layer or the second optical structure layer, the phase shift of the reflected light formed on the first surface and the reflected light formed on the second surface

d is the thickness of the dielectric layer,

is the refractive index of the dielectric layer, lambda is the wavelength of the incident light,

the refraction angle of the incident light when the incident light is transmitted through the first surface or the second surface is used as the refraction angle.

In some embodiments, the dielectric layer consists essentially of an electrochromic material, such as an organic material or an inorganic material.

In some embodiments, the multicolor electrochromic display unit and the digital display unit at least partially cover the front surface of the display screen main body, and the collector unit, the detector unit and the processor unit are respectively disposed on the multicolor electrochromic display unit.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a device capable of detecting the environmental electromagnetic radiation, and the device is provided with the multifunctional multicolor electrochromic display screen capable of detecting the environmental electromagnetic radiation.

The embodiment of the invention also provides application of the multifunctional colorful electrochromic display screen or device capable of detecting the environmental electromagnetic radiation in the field of environmental electromagnetic radiation detection.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for detecting electromagnetic radiation, which is implemented mainly based on the multifunctional colorful electrochromic display screen or device capable of detecting environmental electromagnetic radiation, and comprises the following steps:

connecting the working electrode, the counter electrode and a power supply to form a working circuit;

collecting environmental electromagnetic radiation by using a collector unit, converting electromagnetic radiation energy into chemical energy or electric energy by using a detector unit, processing the converted chemical energy or electric energy signal by using a processor, calculating the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation, and regulating and controlling the light transmittance of a colorful electrochromic structure in a colorful electrochromic display unit according to the change of an electric signal transmitted by a processor unit so as to change the color of the colorful electrochromic structure;

the digital display unit displays electromagnetic radiation intensity information.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the front surface of the colorful electrochromic layer display panel is arranged on the display screen main body, electromagnetic radiation in the environment is induced by the collector unit, the collected electromagnetic radiation energy is converted into chemical energy or electric energy by the detector unit, the converted signal is processed by the processor unit, the electromagnetic radiation intensity is calculated, the colorful electrochromic display panel is controlled to change the corresponding color, the temperature sensor unit is controlled to sense the environment temperature, the digital display panel is controlled to display the specific electromagnetic radiation intensity or grade and the environment temperature, the electromagnetic radiation in the environment can be detected to display rich color changes, the electromagnetic radiation information of the environment where the colorful electrochromic layer display panel is located is displayed for a user, the operation is convenient and fast, the time is saved, and the colorful electrochromic layer display panel can be widely applied to occasions such as mobile phone shells, flat panel shells, household appliance shells, wall bodies and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display panel capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-color electrochromic structure in a multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display panel capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the working electrode of a multi-color electrochromic structure in an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-color electrochromic structure in a multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display panel capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a novel multi-color electrochromic structure in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a novel reflective/transmissive dual-mode multi-color electrochromic architecture in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrochromic working electrode in fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a novel multi-color electrochromic structure in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a photograph of the reflected color from the first optical structure side of the novel multi-color electrochromic structure at different tungsten oxide thicknesses in an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 11 is a photograph showing the reflection color of the novel multicolor electrochromic structure from the PET substrate direction at different tungsten oxide thicknesses in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a photograph of the transmission color of the novel multi-color electrochromic structure at different tungsten oxide thicknesses in an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a novel multi-color electrochromic structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 14 is a photograph of the reflected color from the first optical structure side of the novel multi-color electrochromic structure at different tungsten oxide thicknesses in an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 15 is a photograph of the reflected color from the PET substrate of the novel multicolor electrochromic structure at different tungsten oxide thicknesses in an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 16 is a photograph of the transmitted color of the novel multi-color electrochromic structure at different tungsten oxide thicknesses in an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the working electrode of a novel reflective/transmissive dual-mode multi-color electrochromic device in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a photograph of working electrodes (taken from the direction of the first optical structure and the substrate) at different voltages in a multicolor electrochromic device with different tungsten oxide thicknesses according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the inventor of the invention provides the technical scheme of the invention through long-term research and massive practice. The technical solution, its implementation and principles, etc. will be further explained as follows. It is to be understood, however, that within the scope of the present invention, each of the above-described features of the present invention and each of the features described in detail below (examples) may be combined with each other to form new or preferred embodiments. For reasons of space, they will not be described in detail.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or prior art solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. The conditions used in the following examples may be further adjusted as necessary, and the conditions used in the conventional experiments are not generally indicated.

Moreover, it is noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

One aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting environmental electromagnetic radiation, which includes:

a display screen main body;

a collector unit at least to collect ambient electromagnetic radiation;

a processor unit at least used for processing the converted chemical energy or electric energy signal and calculating the electromagnetic radiation intensity;

the multicolor electrochromic structure comprises a working electrode, electrolyte and a counter electrode, wherein the electrolyte is distributed between the working electrode and the counter electrode, and the working electrode comprises first electrodes which are opposite and parallel to each otherThe optical structure layer and the second optical structure layer are optical reflectivity and/or optical transmissivity, a medium layer is arranged between the first optical structure layer and the second optical structure layer and is made of electrochromic materials, the combination interfaces of the medium layer, the first optical structure layer and the second optical structure layer are respectively a first surface and a second surface of the medium layer, and the first surface, the second surface and the medium layer form an optical cavity; when the incident light enters the optical cavity from the first optical structure layer or the second optical structure layer, the phase shift of the reflected light formed on the first surface and the reflected light formed on the second surface

d is the thickness of the dielectric layer,

is the refraction angle of the incident light when the incident light is transmitted through the first surface or the second surface.

Further, with respect to the working electrode, reflected light formed at the first surface by incident light incident from the first optical structure layer and reflected light formed at the second surface by incident light transmitted through the dielectric layer are superimposed by interference. The reverse is true, namely, the reflected light formed on the second surface by the incident light from the second optical structure layer and the reflected light formed on the first surface by the incident light transmitted through the dielectric layer are superimposed by interference.

Further, when the incident light enters the optical cavity from the first optical structure layer or the second optical structure layer, the phase shift of the reflected light formed on the first surface and the reflected light formed on the second surface

d is the thickness of the dielectric layer,

In some embodiments, the refractive index of the first optical structure layer is defined as

The reflection coefficient of the first surface

Wherein

Is the incident angle of the incident light on the first surface.

In some embodiments, the refractive index of the second optical structure layer is defined as

The reflection coefficient of the second surface

Wherein

Is the angle of refraction of the incident light as it passes through the second surface.

In some embodiments, the reflection coefficient of the working electrode is expressed as:

the reflectance is expressed as:

further, the reflection coefficient and the reflectivity of the working electrode are also suitable for the condition that the incident light enters the optical cavity from the second optical structure layer.

The transmission coefficient of the first optical structure layer

Wherein

Is the incident angle of the incident light on the first surface.

The transmission coefficient of the second optical structure layer

Wherein

In some embodiments, the transmission coefficient of the working electrode is expressed as:

the transmittance is expressed as:

further, the transmittance and transmittance of the working electrode are also suitable for the case that the incident light enters the optical cavity from the second optical structure layer.

Further, the working electrode has an optically transmissive mode of operation, an optically reflective mode of operation, or an optically transmissive and reflective mode of operation.

Wherein, in the optical reflection working mode, the working electrode has a double-sided asymmetric structural color.

Wherein, in the optical transmission working mode, the working electrode has a transparent structural color.

In some embodiments, the working electrode comprises one or more first optical structure layers, one or more dielectric layers, and one or more second optical structure layers.

In some embodiments, the working electrode comprises a plurality of first optical structure layers and/or a plurality of second optical structure layers and a plurality of dielectric layers.

In some embodiments, the material of at least one of the first and second optical structure layers comprises a metal material.

In some embodiments, the first or second optical structure layer is a metal layer.

In some embodiments, the first and second optical structure layers are both metal layers.

In some embodiments, the first or second optical structure layer is directly air.

In some embodiments, the first or second optical structure layer is absent.

Further, the metal material includes tungsten, gold, silver, copper, titanium, aluminum, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, platinum, germanium, palladium, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

Further, the thickness of the first optical structure layer or the second optical structure layer is preferably 0 to 2000 nm.

In some embodiments, the dielectric layer is mainly composed of electrochromic materials, and the material of the dielectric layer is selected from organic materials or inorganic materials.

Furthermore, the metal layer and the dielectric layer form a metal-dielectric structure, which can generate optical interference effect to display multi-color, and the ion conductive layer is required to have color without influence on the thickness. The different colors of the units can be realized by one or a plurality of methods of selecting different metal materials, different dielectric materials or different dielectric layer thicknesses.

Further, the inorganic material includes a metal or a combination of any one or more of non-metal elements, inorganic salts, oxides, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

Further, the elemental nonmetal includes any one or a combination of monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon and diamond, but is not limited thereto.

Further, the inorganic salt includes any one or a combination of more of fluoride, sulfide, selenide, chloride, bromide, iodide, arsenide, telluride, or the like, but is not limited thereto.

Further, the oxide includes WO₃、NiO、TiO₂、Nb₂O₅、Fe₂O₃、V₂O₅、Co₂O₃、Y₂O₃、Cr₂O₃、MoO₃、Al₂O₃、SiO₂、MgO、ZnO、MnO₂、CaO、ZrO₂、Ta₂O₅、Y₃Al₅O₁₂、Er₂O₃、IrO₂And the like, without being limited thereto.

Further, the fluoride comprises MgF₂、CaF₂、GeF₂、YbF₃、YF₃、Na₃AlF₆、AlF₃、NdF₃、LaF₃、LiF、NaF、BaF₂、SrF₂And the like, but is not limited thereto.

Further, the sulfide includes ZnS, GeS, MoS₂、Bi₂S₃And the like, without being limited thereto.

Further, the selenide includes ZnSe, GeSe, MoSe₂、PbSe、Ag₂Se, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

Further, the chloride includes any one or a combination of more of AgCl, NaCl, KCl, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

Further, the bromide includes any one or combination of AgBr, NaBr, KBr, TlBr, CsBr, etc., but is not limited thereto.

Further, the iodide includes any one or a combination of AgI, NaI, KI, RbI, CsI, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

Further, the arsenide includes GaAs and the like, but is not limited thereto.

Further, the antimonide includes GdTe and the like, but is not limited thereto.

Further, the dielectric layer is made of SrTiO₃、Ba₃Ta₄O₁₅、Bi₄Ti₃O₂、CaCO₃、CaWO₄、CaMnO₄、LiNbO₄Any one or more of prussian blue, prussian black, prussian white, prussian green, etc., but not limited thereto.

Further, the material of the dielectric layer includes, but is not limited to, a liquid crystal material or an MOF material.

Further, the organic material includes an organic small molecule compound, a polymer, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

Further, the organic material includes any one or a combination of more of viologen, tetrathiafulvalene, polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene, polycarbazole, phthalocyanine, terephthalyl ester, dimethyldiphenylamine, tetrathiafulvene, alkyl bipyridine, phenothiazine, polyamide, epoxy resin, polydiacetylene, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the dielectric layer may consist essentially of an electrochromic material. The dielectric layer is a core layer of the working electrode and is also a generation layer of the color change reaction. The material of the dielectric layer can be selected from inorganic electrochromic materials and/or organic electrochromic materials according to types.

Further, the electrochromic material may be selected from inorganic, organic or liquid crystal materials and MOF materials, etc. Example (b)For example, the inorganic material may include tungsten trioxide (WO)₃) Nickel oxide (NiO), TiO₂、Nb₂O₅、Fe₂O₃、V₂O₅、Co₂O₃、Y₂O₃、MoO₃、IrO₂Prussian blue, prussian black, prussian white, prussian green, etc., without being limited thereto. The organic material may include, but is not limited to, viologen-based compounds, polypyrroles, polyanilines, polythiophene-based compounds and derivatives thereof, polycarbazoles, metal phthalocyanine-based compounds, terephthalyl esters, dimethyldiphenylamines, tetrathiafulvalene, alkyl bipyridines, phenothiazines, polydialkynes, and the like.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the dielectric layer is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2000nm, preferably 0.001 to 2000nm, more preferably 50 to 2000nm, and more preferably 100 to 500nm, so as to provide higher color saturation of the multicolor electrochromic structure.

Further, an optimization dielectric layer may be added between the first optical structure layer or the second optical structure layer and the dielectric layer to optimize the color of the electrochromic layer.

Further, an optimized dielectric layer may be added on the first optical structure layer or the second optical structure layer, or the first optical structure layer or the second optical structure layer may be disposed on the optimized dielectric layer, so as to optimize the color of the electrochromic layer.

In some embodiments, the first or second optical structure layer is bonded to a substrate.

Further, the substrate is transparent or translucent. Accordingly, the material of the substrate may be transparent or translucent, and may be selected from any one or a combination of glass, organic glass, PET, PES, PEN, PC, PMMA, PDMS, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

Further, the optimized dielectric layer may be disposed between the first optical structure layer or the second optical structure layer and the substrate.

Further, the optimized dielectric layerMaterials include but are not limited to WO₃、NiO、TiO₂、Nb₂O₅、Fe₂O₃、V₂O₅、Co₂O₃、Y₂O₃、Cr₂O₃、MoO₃、Al₂O₃、SiO₂、MgO、ZnO、MnO₂、CaO、ZrO₂、Ta₂O₅、Y₃Al₅O₁₂、Er₂O₃、ZnS、MgF₂、SiN_x(silicon nitride), and the like, but is not limited thereto.

Further, the thickness of the optimized dielectric layer is preferably 0-2000 nm, and preferably 100-500 nm, so that the color saturation of the electrochromic structure is higher.

In a more typical embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the multi-color electrochromic structure includes a second optical structure layer 2, a dielectric layer 3 and a first optical structure layer 4 disposed on a substrate 1. The first optical structure layer 4 and the second optical structure layer 2 are reflective/transmissive layers, which may be made of metal.

The first optical structure layer 4 may also be air directly.

Here, the second optical structure layer 2 may not be present.

In this exemplary embodiment, the materials, thicknesses, and the like of the first optical structure layer, the second optical structure layer, and the dielectric layer may be as described above. Moreover, the color, reflectivity and transmittance of the reflective/transmissive structure of the working electrode can be changed by adjusting the materials, thicknesses and the like of the first optical structure layer 4, the second optical structure layer 2 and the dielectric layer 3.

Another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention also provides a method of preparing the working electrode, which may include:

the first or second optical structure layer, the dielectric layer, etc. are formed by physical or chemical deposition, such as coating, printing, film casting, etc., or magnetron sputtering, electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, electrochemical deposition, chemical vapor deposition, atomic force deposition, sol-gel technology, etc., without being limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the first optical or second optical structure layer and the dielectric layer may be sequentially formed on the substrate.

Further, electrochromic devices made of electrochromic materials have been widely used in smart windows, smart indicators, imaging devices, and the like. The principle of electrochromism is that under the action of an external electric field or current, the electronic structure and optical properties (reflectivity, transmittance, absorptivity and the like) of an inorganic or organic electrochromism material are stably and reversibly changed, and the electrochromism material shows reversible changes of color and transparency on the appearance. Conventional electrochromism can be divided into two models, a transmissive electrochromic device and a reflective electrochromic device, and the color of the electrochromic device is determined only by the electronic structure and optical properties of the electrochromism itself. Therefore, the single mode and monotonic color modulation of the electrochromic also become a bottleneck limiting the application range thereof.

In some embodiments, the thickness and/or material of the first or second optical structure layer, the dielectric layer, and/or the like may be adjusted during the preparation method, so as to adjust the reflective/transmissive structural color of the working electrode.

Further, in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, the type of the electrolyte is not particularly limited, and a liquid electrolyte, a gel polymer electrolyte, or an inorganic solid electrolyte may be used. In some embodiments, the electrolyte is in contact with the dielectric layer and provides a mobile environment for ions, such as hydrogen ions or lithium ions, to color or decolorize the electrochromic material.

In some embodiments, the type of electrolyte is not particularly limited, and the electrolyte may comprise one or more compounds, such as H-containing⁺、Li⁺、Al³⁺、Na⁺、K⁺、Rb⁺、Ca²⁺，Zn²⁺、Mg²⁺Or Cs⁺The compound of (1). The electrolyte layer is composed of a special conductive material, such as a liquid electrolyte material containing a solution of lithium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, or the like,or may be a solid electrolyte or gel electrolyte material. In one embodiment, the electrolyte layer may comprise a lithium salt compound, such as LiClO₄、LiBF₄、LiAsF₆Or LiPF₆. Ions contained in the electrolyte may contribute to the color change or light transmittance change of the multicolor electrochromic structure when inserted into or removed from the dielectric layer according to the polarity of the applied voltage. In some embodiments, the electrolyte employed comprises a mixture of ions that can enrich the color change of the electrochromic structure compared to a single ion.

In some embodiments, the electrolyte may be a liquid electrolyte, such as aqueous LiCl, AlCl₃、HCl、H₂SO₄Aqueous solutions, and the like.

In some embodiments, the electrolyte may further comprise a carbonate compound. Since the carbonate-based compound has a high dielectric constant, the ionic conductivity provided by the lithium salt may be increased. As the carbonate-based compound, at least one of the following may be used: PC (propylene carbonate), EC (ethylene carbonate), DMC (dimethyl carbonate), DEC (diethyl carbonate) and EMC (ethyl methyl carbonate). For example, organic LiClO can be used₄、Na(ClO₄)₃And propylene carbonate electrolyte, and the like.

In some embodiments, the electrolyte can be a gel electrolyte, such as PMMA-PEG-LiClO₄，PVDF-PC-LiPF₆，LiCl/PVA，H₂SO₄PVA, etc., but are not limited thereto.

In some preferred embodiments, when an inorganic solid electrolyte is used as the electrolyte, the electrolyte may comprise LiPON or Ta₂O₅. For example, the electrolyte may be, but is not limited to, a Li-containing metal oxide thin film, such as a LiTaO or LiPO thin film. Further, the inorganic solid electrolyte may be LiPON or Ta therein₂O₅The electrolyte to which components such as B, S and W are added may be LiBO, for example₂+Li₂SO₄、LiAlF₄、LiNbO₃、Li₂O-B₂O₃And so on.

In some preferred embodiments, the electrolyte is an all-solid electrolyte, which may be combined to form an all-solid electrochromic structure with a dielectric layer, a metal reflective layer, a counter electrode, and the like in a solid state.

Further, the multicolor electrochromic structure also comprises an ion conducting layer, an ion storage layer, a transparent conducting layer and the like.

Further, the ion storage layer is in contact with the electrolyte.

For example, the working electrode may include a substrate.

For example, the counter electrode may include a substrate, a transparent conductive layer, and an ion storage layer.

The material of the substrate can be as described above, and is not described herein again.

Further, the material of the ion storage layer may be selected from, but not limited to, NiO and Fe₂O₃、TiO₂Prussian blue and IrO₂And the like. The ion storage layer plays a role in storing charges in the working electrode, namely corresponding counter ions are stored when the dielectric layer material undergoes an oxidation-reduction reaction, so that the charge balance of the whole electrochromic layer is ensured.

In some more specific embodiments, the all-solid-state electrolyte in the all-solid-state multicolor electrochromic structure may be in the form of a solid ion-conducting layer. The color change principle of the all-solid-state multicolor electrochromic structure is as follows: the metal reflecting layer and other layer materials form a metal-medium structure, can generate optical interference effect to display multiple colors, and can also comprise other layers, such as an ion conducting layer, an ion storage layer, a transparent conducting layer and the like, the colors which are not influenced by the thickness of the ion conducting layer are required, the electrochromic device with structural colors can be prepared by adjusting the thickness of each layer material to a proper range, further, the refractive index of the electrochromic material can be adjusted by applying voltage, and the colors of the all-solid-state multicolor electrochromic device can be further adjusted.

In some embodiments, a conductive layer is also disposed on the substrate. The conductive layer includes any one or a combination of more of FTO, ITO, Ag nanowire, Ag nano grid, carbon nanotube, and graphene, and may also be a metal layer, Cu, W, or the like, without being limited thereto.

When a certain voltage is formed between the two transparent conductive layers, the material of the dielectric layer generates oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of the voltage, so that the color is changed. This color change is a structural color change that will remain after the voltage is removed.

In some embodiments, the counter electrode comprises a transparent conductive electrode or a semi-transparent conductive electrode.

In some embodiments, the counter electrode comprises a transparent conductive electrode having an ion storage layer of a material selected from, but not limited to NiO, Fe₂O₃、TiO₂And so on. The ion storage layer is in contact with the electrolyte. In the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, the transparent conductive electrode may be formed by containing a material having characteristics of high light transmittance, low sheet resistance, and the like, and may be formed by containing any one of: a transparent conductive oxide selected from ITO (indium tin oxide), FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide), AZO (aluminum-doped zinc oxide), GZO (gallium-doped zinc oxide), ATO (antimony-doped tin oxide), IZO (indium-doped zinc oxide), NTO (niobium-doped titanium oxide), ZnO, OMO (oxide/metal/oxide), and CTO; silver (Ag) nanowires; a metal mesh; or OMO (oxide metal oxide).

The method of forming the transparent conductive electrode is not particularly limited, and any known method may be used without limitation. For example, a thin film electrode layer containing transparent conductive oxide particles may be formed on the glass base layer by a method such as sputtering or printing (screen printing, gravure printing, inkjet printing, etc.). The thickness of the electrode layer thus prepared may be in the range of 10nm to 500nm in the case of the vacuum method, and may be in the range of 0.1 μm to 20 μm in the case of the printing method. In one example, the visible light transmittance of the transparent conductive electrode layer may be 70% to 95%.

In some embodiments, a layer of metallic material, in particular a thin layer of metal, may also be added on the dielectric layer to optimize the color of the multicolored electrochromic structure. Specifically, for some materials or multicolor electrochromic structures with proper thickness, the metal materials with proper thickness are added, so that the intensity difference of the reflectivity curve can be improved, and further, the saturation of the color is improved. Wherein the metal may be selected from Ag, Al, Cu, Ni, etc., but is not limited thereto. The thickness of the metal layer may be preferably 0 to 30nm, and particularly preferably 1 to 10 nm.

In some embodiments, a semiconductor material may be added to the dielectric layer to optimize the color of the multicolored electrochromic structure. For some specific materials or colorful films with proper thickness, the intensity difference of the reflectivity curve can be improved by adding semiconductor materials with proper thickness, and further, the saturation of the color is improved. Wherein the semiconductor may be selected from Al₂O₃、SiO₂、ZnS、MgF₂Silicon nitride, etc., but not limited thereto. The thickness of the semiconductor can be preferably 0 to 300nm, and particularly preferably 1 to 100 nm. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a multi-color electrochromic structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, which includes a substrate, a metal layer, an electrochromic layer, an ion conducting layer, an ion storage layer, and a transparent conducting layer, wherein the multi-color electrochromic structure is electrically coupled to a voltage control circuit. And the colorful electrochromic structure is subjected to color change by regulating and controlling the light transmittance of the colorful electrochromic structure.

With reference to the foregoing, the metal layer and the dielectric layer (i.e., the electrochromic layer, or referred to as a working electrode) form a metal-dielectric structure, which can generate optical interference to display multiple colors; the different colors of the electrochromic layer can be realized by one of multiple combination methods of selecting different metal materials, different medium materials or different medium layer thicknesses.

The multi-color electrochromic structure provided by the embodiment of the invention is a physical structure color of a multi-color pattern obtained by the optical interference of a metal medium, is more stable and durable compared with the existing organic electrochromic material when being used on electronic equipment, and has the characteristic of various colors and wide selectable range compared with the existing inorganic material electrochromic technology.

By adopting the technical scheme, in the multifunctional colorful electrochromic display screen capable of detecting the environmental electromagnetic radiation, the colorful electrochromic panel can change color along with the change of the electric signal, and comprises the first substrate, the first transparent conducting layer, the colorful electrochromic layer, the electrolyte layer, the ion storage layer, the second transparent conducting layer and the second substrate.

In some preferred embodiments, the multicolor electrochromic display unit and the digital display unit at least partially cover the front surface of the display screen main body, and the collector unit, the detector unit and the processor unit are respectively disposed on the multicolor electrochromic display unit.

Further, the multifunctional multicolor electrochromic display screen capable of detecting the environmental electromagnetic radiation also comprises a temperature sensor unit which is at least used for detecting the environmental temperature.

Furthermore, the output end of the collector unit is connected with the input end of the detector unit, the output end of the detector unit and the output end of the temperature sensor unit are respectively connected with the input end of the processor unit, and the output end of the processor unit is respectively connected with the colorful electrochromic display unit and the digital display unit.

In some preferred embodiments, colorful electrochromic display panel covers in the front of display screen main part for half, collector unit, detector unit and treater unit inlay respectively in colorful electrochromic display panel, the temperature sensor unit inlay in colorful electrochromic display panel, digital display panel half cover in the front of display screen main part, collector unit output connect the detector unit, detector unit output connect the processor module, temperature sensor unit output connect the processor module, the treater unit connect digital display panel and colorful electrochromic display panel. Colorful electrochromic layer display panel openly sets up in the display screen main part to electromagnetic radiation in the collector unit response environment, the detector unit electromagnetic radiation who will collect can change chemical energy or electric energy into, handle the signal after the conversion through the treater unit, calculate electromagnetic radiation intensity, control colorful electrochromic display panel and change out corresponding colour, control temperature sensor unit sensing ambient temperature to control digital display panel demonstrates specific electromagnetic radiation intensity or grade and ambient temperature.

Further, the collector unit includes, but is not limited to, a lens set, a mirror set, an antenna, and the like.

Further, the detector unit includes, but is not limited to, a photosensitive film, a photoelectric cell, photosensitive and thermosensitive detecting elements, a resonant cavity resonator, and the like.

Further, the processor unit performs various processes on the converted signal, such as development, fixing, signal amplification, conversion, correction, and encoding, and the like. The processor unit includes, but is not limited to, a photographic processing device and an electronic processing device. Another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention further provides a method for preparing the foregoing multicolor electrochromic structure, including the following steps: providing a substrate; depositing different metals in different areas on the substrate by adopting a PVD (physical vapor deposition) deposition mode, and depositing a dielectric layer material on the different metals; or sputtering a metal layer material on the substrate in a PVD (physical vapor deposition) deposition mode, and then depositing and preparing different dielectric materials in different areas of the metal layer; or sputtering a metal layer material on the substrate in a PVD (physical vapor deposition) deposition mode, and then depositing and preparing dielectric materials with different thicknesses in different areas of the metal layer; or different metals are firstly prepared in different areas on the substrate by PVD deposition, and then different dielectric materials are prepared in different areas of the metal layer by deposition; or adopting a PVD deposition mode to deposit and prepare different metals in different areas on the substrate, and then depositing and preparing dielectric materials with different thicknesses in different areas of the metal layer; the PVD deposition mode comprises evaporation plating, electron beam evaporation, magnetron sputtering or ion plating. The preparation method of the metal reflecting layer (such as tungsten film) comprises electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation and the like, and the preparation method of the electrochromic material (such as tungsten oxide) of the dielectric layer comprises electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, electrochemical deposition and the like. Two preparation methods, i.e. electron beam evaporation method and electrochemical deposition method, are mainly described below.

1. Electron beam evaporation method

The electron beam evaporation method is a vacuum evaporation coating technology, and is characterized in that little or no coating is carried out on two sides of a target three-dimensional structure, the coating is usually only deposited on the surface of the target, and the prepared film has high purity and good quality, and the thickness can be accurately controlled. The method mainly comprises the steps of directly heating an evaporation material by using electron beams under a vacuum condition, enabling the evaporation material to be gasified and conveyed to a substrate, condensing on a substrate to form a thin film, and finally forming a metal reflecting layer required by the wrist strap.

2. Electrochemical deposition method

The electrochemical deposition is that under the action of an external electric field, a loop is formed by a cathode and an anode in a certain electrolyte solution, and through the oxidation-reduction reaction, particles in the solution are precipitated on the surface of the cathode or the anode to form an electrochromic material coating required by the wrist strap. This method allows uniform deposition on a variety of substrates of complex structure and is typically carried out at or slightly above room temperature, and is therefore also commonly used for the preparation of nanostructured materials.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the color of the colorful electrochromic film obtained through the optical interference effect of the metal medium is a physical structural color, the initial color is controlled by changing the thicknesses of the metal layer and the electrochromic layer, and the color changes correspondingly after the power is on. Compared with various pigment drawings in the prior art, the color-changing pigment has the advantages of fastness, environmental protection, iridescence effect and the like, and has wide application prospects in the fields of display, decoration, anti-counterfeiting and the like.

Another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention further provides a device capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation, where the device is provided with the multifunctional multicolor electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation.

Further, the device includes a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a household appliance, a wall, or the like, but is not limited thereto.

Another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention further provides an application of the multifunctional multicolor electrochromic display panel or the multifunctional multicolor electrochromic device capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation in the field of ambient electromagnetic radiation detection.

Another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention also provides a method for detecting electromagnetic radiation, which is implemented mainly based on the aforementioned multifunctional multicolor electrochromic display panel or device capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation, and which includes:

The multifunctional colorful electrochromic display screen for detecting the environmental electromagnetic radiation can detect the electromagnetic radiation in the environment to display colorful color changes, displays the electromagnetic radiation information of the environment where the display screen is located to a user, is convenient and fast to operate, saves time, and can be widely applied to occasions such as mobile phone shells, flat panel shells, household appliance shells, wall outer bodies and the like.

Fig. 7 shows a novel reflective/transmissive dual-mode multi-color electrochromic structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, which includes a working electrode 5, a counter electrode 7, and an electrolyte layer 6, wherein the electrolyte layer 6 is disposed between the working electrode 5 and the counter electrode 7.

Wherein, the electrolyte layer 6 can be selected from a suitable aqueous phase electrolyte, an organic phase electrolyte, a gel electrolyte or a solid electrolyte, preferably LiCl or AlCl₃、HCl、H₂SO₄Aqueous solutions, LiClO₄Of propylene carbonate electrolyte, LiCl/PVA, H₂SO₄PVA gel electrolyte, and the like, without being limited thereto.

Referring to fig. 8, the working electrode 5 may include an optical thin film structure, the optical thin film structure may include a conductive substrate 10, a metal reflective/transmissive layer 11 as a second optical structure layer, and a dielectric layer 12, and an air layer above the dielectric layer 12 may serve as a first optical structure layer, and the dielectric layer 12 may be made of an electrochromic material. Preferably, the thickness of the second optical structure layer is greater than 0 and less than 20 nm.

In the invention, with reference to the above, the front surface of the display panel with the colorful electrochromic layer is arranged on the display screen main body, the collector unit is used for sensing electromagnetic radiation in the environment, the detector unit is used for converting the collected electromagnetic radiation energy into chemical energy or electric energy, the processor unit processes the converted signals, calculates the electromagnetic radiation intensity, controls the colorful electrochromic display panel to change corresponding colors, controls the temperature sensor unit to sense the ambient temperature, and controls the digital display panel to display specific electromagnetic radiation intensity or grade and ambient temperature, can realize the detection of electromagnetic radiation in the environment to display rich and colorful color change, display the electromagnetic radiation information of the environment to users, is convenient and time-saving to operate, the method can be widely applied to occasions such as mobile phone shells, flat-plate shells, household appliance shells, wall outer bodies and the like.

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by a plurality of embodiments and the accompanying drawings. However, the examples are chosen only for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Example 1

The embodiment of the invention provides a multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting environmental electromagnetic radiation, which comprises a display screen main body substrate 100, a collector unit 200 for collecting the environmental electromagnetic radiation, a detector unit 300 for converting the electromagnetic radiation energy into chemical energy or electric energy, a processor unit 400 for processing the converted signals, a digital display panel 500 for receiving information, a multi-color electrochromic display panel 600 for changing color along with the change of an electric signal, and a temperature sensor unit 700 for detecting temperature. Colorful electrochromic display panel 600 half cover in display screen main part base plate 100's front, collector unit 200, detector unit 300 and treater unit 400 are inlayed respectively in colorful electrochromic display panel 600, temperature sensor unit 700 is inlayed in colorful electrochromic display panel 600, digital display panel 500 half covers in display screen main part base plate 100's front, detector unit 300 is connected to collector unit 200 output, detector unit 300 output is connected treater unit 400, temperature sensor unit 700 output is connected treater unit 400, treater unit 400 connects digital display panel 500 and colorful electrochromic display panel 600.

As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, a multifunctional multicolor electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation is applied to an outer housing of a household appliance such as a refrigerator or a microwave oven, a multicolor electrochromic display panel 600 is disposed on a front surface of a display main substrate 100, electromagnetic radiation in a home environment is sensed by a collector unit 200, a detector unit 300 converts collected electromagnetic radiation energy into a chemical energy or electric energy signal, and transmits the converted signal to a processor unit 400, the processor unit 400 performs calculation processing on the converted signal to calculate electromagnetic radiation intensity, the electromagnetic radiation intensity is divided into multiple levels and controls a power supply to output corresponding voltages, and the output voltages are applied to the multicolor electrochromic panel 600. For example, the 1-level electromagnetic radiation intensity outputs 1-1.5V, the 2-level electromagnetic radiation intensity outputs 1.5-2V, the 3-level electromagnetic radiation intensity outputs 2-2.5V, the 4-level electromagnetic radiation intensity outputs 2.5-3V, the 5-level electromagnetic radiation intensity outputs 3-3.5V, and the 6-level electromagnetic radiation intensity outputs 3.5-4V. The multi-color tv-to-color-changing panel 600 of the present embodiment covers the front surface of the display panel main body substrate 100, and a voltage receiving port of the multi-color tv-to-color-changing panel 600 is connected to a power supply. The schematic diagram of the multicolor electrochromic structure is shown in fig. 2, and comprises a first substrate, a first transparent conducting layer, a multicolor electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, an ion storage layer, a second transparent conducting layer and a second substrate. The structure of the working electrode of the multicolor electrochromic structure is shown in fig. 3 and comprises a metal layer and a dielectric layer, wherein the dielectric layer is made of electrochromic materials. Because the color change of the electrochromic layer is subject to the voltage, in this embodiment, when the levels of the electromagnetic radiation are different, the processor unit 400 controls the power supply to output different voltages to the multicolor electrochromic panel 600, and the multicolor electrochromic panel 600 can also present various colors corresponding to the voltages, and when the level of the electromagnetic radiation is high enough to harm human health, the processor unit 400 controls the power supply to output a corresponding voltage to the multicolor electrochromic layer panel 600, and the multicolor electrochromic panel 600 presents another color, for example, the original red multicolor electrochromic panel 600 is changed into dark green, so as to remind the user to pay attention to the electromagnetic radiation in the home environment, and appropriately keep away from or take phase measures, etc. Of course, the digital display panel 500 in the display screen in this embodiment is also connected to the processor unit 400, and the processor unit 400 can display the electromagnetic radiation intensity level in the digital display panel 500 in detail. In order to increase the function of the display screen, a temperature sensor unit 700 is disposed on the multicolor electrochromic panel 600 for sensing the ambient temperature, the temperature sensor unit is connected to the sensor unit 400, the temperature sensor transmits a ground signal to the sensor unit 400, and the sensor unit 400 transmits information to the digital display panel 500 for display. The collector unit 200, the detector unit 300, and the processor unit 400 are respectively embedded in the multi-color electrochromic display panel 600, and the temperature sensor unit 700 is embedded in the multi-color electrochromic display panel 600.

Example 2

The embodiment of the invention provides another multifunctional multicolor electrochromic display screen capable of detecting environmental electromagnetic radiation, which comprises a display screen main body substrate 100, a collector unit 200 for collecting the environmental electromagnetic radiation, a detector unit 300 for converting the electromagnetic radiation energy into chemical energy or electric energy, a processor unit 400 for processing the converted signals, a digital display panel 500 for receiving information, a multicolor electrochromic display panel 600 for changing color along with the change of an electric signal, a temperature sensor unit 700 for detecting temperature, an alarm unit 800 for giving an alarm sound, and a power supply unit 900 for providing voltage. Colorful electrochromic display panel 600 cover in display screen main part base plate 100's front, digital display panel 500 covers in display screen main part base plate 100's front, collector unit 200, detector unit 300, treater unit 400, temperature sensor unit 700, alarm unit 800 and power supply unit 900 inlay respectively in display screen main part base plate 100, be located electrochromic display panel 600 and digital display panel 500 top, detector unit 300 is connected to collector unit 200 output, treater unit 400 is connected to detector unit 300 output, treater unit 400 is connected to temperature sensor unit 700 output, treater unit 400 connects digital display panel 500, colorful electrochromic display panel 600 and alarm unit 800. The collector unit 200, the detector unit 300, the processor unit 400, the digital display panel 500, the multi-color electrochromic display panel 600, the temperature sensor unit 700 and the alarm unit 800 are connected with the power supply unit 900.

As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, a multifunctional multicolor electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation is applied to an outer housing of a household appliance such as a refrigerator or a microwave oven, a multicolor electrochromic display panel 600 is disposed on a front surface of a display main substrate 100, electromagnetic radiation in a home environment is sensed by a collector unit 200, a detector unit 300 converts collected electromagnetic radiation energy into a chemical energy or electric energy signal, and transmits the converted signal to a processor unit 400, the processor unit 400 performs calculation processing on the converted signal to calculate electromagnetic radiation intensity, the electromagnetic radiation intensity is divided into multiple levels and controls a power supply to output corresponding voltages, and the output voltages are applied to the multicolor electrochromic panel 600. For example, the 1-level electromagnetic radiation intensity outputs 1-1.5V, the 2-level electromagnetic radiation intensity outputs 1.5-2V, the 3-level electromagnetic radiation intensity outputs 2-2.5V, the 4-level electromagnetic radiation intensity outputs 2.5-3V, the 5-level electromagnetic radiation intensity outputs 3-3.5V, and the 6-level electromagnetic radiation intensity outputs 3.5-4V. The multi-color tv-to-color-changing panel 600 of the present embodiment covers the front surface of the display panel main body substrate 100, and a voltage receiving port of the multi-color tv-to-color-changing panel 600 is connected to the power supply unit. The colorful electrochromic structure comprises a first substrate, a first transparent conducting layer, a colorful electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, an ion storage layer, a second transparent conducting layer and a second substrate. The working electrode of the colorful electrochromic structure consists of a metal layer and a dielectric layer, and the dielectric layer is made of electrochromic materials. Because the color change of the electrochromic layer is subject to the voltage, in this embodiment, when the levels of the electromagnetic radiation are different, the processor unit 400 controls the power supply to output different voltages to the multicolor electrochromic panel 600, and the multicolor electrochromic panel 600 can also present various colors corresponding to the voltages, and when the level of the electromagnetic radiation is high enough to harm human health, the processor unit 400 controls the power supply to output a corresponding voltage to the multicolor electrochromic layer panel 600, and the multicolor electrochromic panel 600 presents another color, for example, the original red multicolor electrochromic panel 600 is changed into dark green, so as to remind the user to pay attention to the electromagnetic radiation in the home environment, and appropriately keep away from or take phase measures, etc. Meanwhile, when the electromagnetic radiation level is high enough to harm human health, the processor unit 400 may control the alarm unit to give an alarm to remind the user to go away. Of course, the digital display panel 500 in the display screen in this embodiment is also connected to the processor unit 400, and the processor unit 400 can display the electromagnetic radiation intensity level in the digital display panel 500 in detail. In order to increase the function of the display screen, a temperature sensor unit 700 is disposed on the multi-color electrochromic panel 600 for sensing the ambient temperature, the temperature sensor unit is connected to the sensor unit 400, the temperature sensor transmits a sensing ground signal to the sensor unit 400, and the sensor unit 400 transmits information to the digital display panel 500 for display. The collector unit 200, the detector unit 300, the processor unit 400, the temperature sensor unit 700, the alarm unit 800 and the power supply unit 900 are respectively embedded in the display panel main body substrate 100 and are located above the electrochromic display panel 600 and the digital display panel 500.

Comparative example 1

The comparison example provides a display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation conventionally, which comprises a display screen main body substrate, a collector unit for collecting ambient electromagnetic radiation, a detector unit for converting electromagnetic radiation energy into chemical energy or electric energy, a processor unit for processing the converted signals, a digital display panel for receiving information, a temperature sensor unit for detecting temperature, an alarm unit for giving an alarm sound, and a power supply unit for providing voltage. In this comparison example, use the display screen of detectable environment electromagnetic radiation at the refrigerator, on domestic appliance shell bodies such as microwave oven, the front of display screen main part base plate sets up digital display panel, electromagnetic radiation in the house environment with collector unit response, the electromagnetic radiation energy conversion that the detector unit will collect becomes chemical energy or electric energy signal, and signal transmission after will converting gives the treater unit, signal after the conversion carries out calculation processing through the treater unit, calculate electromagnetic radiation intensity, when the electromagnetic radiation grade is enough high to endanger human health, but the treater unit simultaneous control alarm unit, send out the police dispatch newspaper, remind the user to keep away from. In the comparison example, a colorful electrochromic display panel for changing color along with the change of the electric signal is lacked, so that a user cannot actively observe the electromagnetic radiation intensity of the environment, and only can passively remind to show poor man-machine interaction.

Comparative example 2

This contrast example provides a multi-functional electrochromic display screen of conventional detectable environment electromagnetic radiation, including display screen main part base plate, a collector unit for environment electromagnetic radiation collects, a detector unit for changing electromagnetic radiation energy into chemical energy or electric energy, a processor unit for handling the signal after the conversion, a digital display panel for information reception, a conventional electrochromic display panel for following the signal of telecommunication change and discolour, a temperature sensor unit for detecting the temperature, an alarm unit for sending out alarm sound, a power supply unit for providing the voltage. The conventional electrochromic structure comprises a first substrate, a first transparent conducting layer, a conventional electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, an ion storage layer, a second transparent conducting layer and a second substrate. Wherein the working electrode of the conventional electrochromic structure is comprised of tungsten oxide. Because the color change of the electrochromic layer is limited by the voltage, in the comparison example, when the levels of the electromagnetic radiation are different, the voltage of the power supply output by the processor unit to the conventional electrochromic panel is different, the color of the conventional electrochromic panel is corresponding to the voltage, when the level of the electromagnetic radiation is high enough to harm the human health, the processor unit controls the power supply to output the corresponding voltage to the conventional electrochromic panel, and the conventional electrochromic panel presents dark blue color to remind a user of paying attention to the electromagnetic radiation in the home environment, and appropriately keeping away from or taking phase measures and the like. The conventional electrochromic display panel described in the present comparative example is made of a pure tungsten oxide material, and the color change of the conventional electrochromic display panel is only a single blue color change, so that the conventional electrochromic display panel is difficult to distinguish by naked eyes of a user.

Example 3

The working electrode of the multicolor electrochromic structure provided by this embodiment includes a first optical structure layer, a second optical structure layer, a dielectric layer, and a substrate layer, which can be seen from fig. 6.

The first optical structure layer is air, the second optical structure layer is a metal tungsten (W) layer, the dielectric layer is formed by tungsten oxide, and the base layer can be a PET film.

The preparation method of the working electrode with the colorful electrochromic structure comprises the following steps: firstly, sputtering a tungsten film on a clean PET substrate by a magnetron sputtering method, wherein the thickness of the tungsten film is preferably selected to be about 10 nm. And sputtering a tungsten oxide layer on the tungsten film by magnetron sputtering. Preferably, the tungsten oxide layer has a thickness of 100nm to 400 nm.

Of course, the tungsten film can be prepared by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, and the like known in the art. The tungsten oxide layer can be formed by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, electrochemical deposition, sol-gel technique, and the like. Referring to fig. 8, by controlling the thickness of the tungsten oxide layer to be different, an optical thin film structure with rich reflection and gorgeous color can be obtained when viewed from the first optical structure layer side.

Referring to fig. 9, at different thicknesses of tungsten oxide (in fig. 8), the corresponding reflection color also appears rich and gorgeous as seen from the direction of the substrate layer, and the color is quite different from the color seen from the direction of the first optical structure layer.

Referring to fig. 10, under different thicknesses of tungsten oxide shown in fig. 8, a transmission structure color can be obtained through the optical film structure of the present embodiment, and the transmission structure color also presents rich and gorgeous colors. Therefore, the transmittance of the transmitted color of the optical thin film structure of the present embodiment is determined by the thicknesses of the metal tungsten layer and the tungsten oxide layer.

Example 4

The working electrode of the multicolor electrochromic structure provided by this embodiment includes a first optical structure layer, a second optical structure layer, a dielectric layer, and a substrate layer, which can be seen from fig. 8.

The first optical structure layer is air, the second optical structure layer is a metal silver (Ag) layer, the dielectric layer is formed by titanium dioxide, and the substrate layer can be a PET film.

The preparation method of the working electrode with the colorful electrochromic structure comprises the following steps: on a clean PET substrate, a silver film is sputtered by a magnetron sputtering method, and the thickness of the silver film is preferably selected to be about 2 nm. And sputtering a titanium dioxide layer on the tungsten film by magnetron sputtering, wherein the thickness of the titanium dioxide layer is preferably 100-400 nm.

Of course, the silver film can be prepared by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, and the like known in the art. The titanium dioxide layer can be prepared by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, electrochemical deposition, sol-gel technique, etc. in the manner known in the art. The working electrode structure of this example exhibited similar properties to the working electrode structure of example 3, i.e., exhibited different colors when viewed from both sides. In addition, the light-emitting diode also has a transmission structural color.

Example 5

The working electrode of the multicolor electrochromic structure provided by the embodiment comprises a first dielectric layer, a second optical structure layer, a second dielectric layer and a first optical structure layer which are sequentially formed on a substrate.

The added second dielectric layer can improve the color brightness and saturation.

Referring to fig. 13, the first optical structure layer of the optical film structure is air, the second optical structure layer is metal tungsten (W), the first and second dielectric layers are formed of tungsten oxide, and the substrate layer may be a PET film.

The preparation method of the working electrode with the colorful electrochromic structure comprises the following steps: firstly sputtering a tungsten oxide layer on a clean PET substrate by a magnetron sputtering method, preferably, the thickness of the tungsten oxide layer is set to be 1 nm-400 nm. And then sputtering a tungsten film by a magnetron sputtering method, preferably, the tungsten film has a thickness of about 10 nm. And sputtering a tungsten oxide layer on the tungsten film by magnetron sputtering, wherein the thickness of the tungsten oxide layer is preferably 100 nm-400 nm.

Of course, the tungsten film can be prepared by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, etc. known in the art. The tungsten oxide layer can be formed by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, electrochemical deposition, sol-gel technique, and the like.

Referring to fig. 14, by controlling the thickness of the tungsten oxide layer between the tungsten layer and the PET substrate to be different, the working electrode structure with rich reflection and gorgeous color can be obtained when viewed from the first optical structure layer side.

Referring to fig. 15, at different tungsten oxide thicknesses shown in fig. 12, the corresponding reflection colors also appear rich and gorgeous colors seen from the substrate layer side, and the colors are quite different from the colors seen from the film direction.

Referring to fig. 16, under different thicknesses of tungsten oxide shown in fig. 14, a transmission structure color can be obtained through the working electrode structure, the transmission structure color also presents rich and gorgeous colors, and the transmittance of the transmission color of the working electrode structure is determined by the thicknesses of the metal tungsten layer and the tungsten oxide layer.

Example 6:

the working electrode structure of the multicolor electrochromic structure provided by the embodiment comprises a second optical structure layer, a dielectric layer and a first optical structure layer which are sequentially formed on a substrate.

The first optical structure layer is a metal tungsten (W) film, the second optical structure layer is a metal aluminum (Al) film, the dielectric layer is formed of zinc sulfide (ZnS), and the substrate layer can be a PET film.

The preparation method of the working electrode structure of the colorful electrochromic structure comprises the following steps: on a clean PET substrate, a metal aluminum film is sputtered by a magnetron sputtering method, and the thickness of the aluminum film is preferably set to be 15 nm. And sputtering a zinc sulfide layer by a magnetron sputtering method, preferably, the thickness of the zinc sulfide is selected to be 100 nm-400 nm. And sputtering a tungsten film layer on the zinc sulfide layer by magnetron sputtering, wherein the thickness of the tungsten film layer is preferably set to be 0-50 nm.

Of course, the tungsten film and the aluminum film can be prepared by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, and the like in a manner known in the art. The zinc sulfide layer can be prepared by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, electrochemical deposition, sol-gel technique, etc. in a manner known in the art.

The working electrode structure of the multicolor electrochromic structure of the embodiment can present different colors when observed from two side surfaces, and in addition, the working electrode structure also has a transmission structure color.

Example 7:

The first optical structure layer is air, the second optical structure layer is a metal aluminum (Al) film, the dielectric layer is formed by a silicon simple substance, and the substrate layer can be a PET film.

The preparation method of the working electrode structure of the colorful electrochromic structure comprises the following steps: firstly, sputtering a layer of metal aluminum film on a clean PET substrate by a magnetron sputtering method, and preferably, setting the thickness of the aluminum film at 5 nm. And then depositing a silicon film layer by a magnetron sputtering method, preferably, the thickness of the silicon film layer is selected to be 100 nm-400 nm.

Of course, the aluminum film and the silicon film can be prepared by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, and the like in a manner known in the art. The working electrode structure of the present embodiment will appear different colors when viewed from both sides, and additionally has a transmissive structure color.

Example 8:

The first optical structure layer is a metal silver (Ag) film, the second optical structure layer is a metal aluminum (Al) film, the dielectric layer is formed by Prussian blue, and the substrate layer can be a PET/ITO film.

The preparation method of the working electrode structure of the colorful electrochromic structure comprises the following steps: firstly, sputtering a layer of metal aluminum film on a clean PET/ITO substrate by a magnetron sputtering method, and preferably, setting the thickness of the aluminum film at 10 nm. And then depositing a Prussian blue layer by an electrodeposition method, wherein the thickness of the Prussian blue is preferably 100-2000 nm. And then sputtering a silver film layer on the Prussian blue layer through magnetron sputtering, wherein the thickness of the silver film layer is preferably set to be 0-50 nm.

Of course, the silver film and the aluminum film can be prepared by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, and the like in a manner known in the art. The prussian blue layer can be prepared by electrochemical deposition, sol-gel technique, etc. in the manner known in the art.

The working electrode structure of the present embodiment will appear different colors when viewed from both sides, and additionally has a transmissive structure color.

Example 9:

the present embodiment provides a device, which may be considered to be a reflective/transmissive dual-mode multicolor electrochromic device, comprising a working electrode, an electrolyte layer, and a counter electrode, the electrolyte layer being disposed between the working electrode and the counter electrode.

Referring to fig. 17, the working electrode includes an optical thin film structure disposed on a conductive substrate, the optical thin film structure including first and second optical structure layers in which air is used as the first optical structure layer, the second optical structure layer is formed of metal tungsten (W), and a dielectric layer formed of tungsten oxide. And the substrate may be PET/ITO or the like.

The preparation method of the working electrode comprises the following steps: on a clean PET/ITO film, a tungsten film is firstly sputtered by a magnetron sputtering method, and preferably, the thickness of the tungsten film is selected to be about 10 nm. And then, magnetron sputtering a tungsten oxide layer on the tungsten film, wherein the thickness of the tungsten oxide layer is preferably set to be 100 nm-400 nm.

Of course, the tungsten film can be prepared by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, and the like known in the art. The tungsten oxide layer can be formed by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, electrochemical deposition, and the like.

The working electrode of this embodiment appears different colors when viewed from both sides, and additionally has a transmissive structural color.

Then the working electrode is matched with a pair of electrodes (such as NiO pair electrode), and AlCl is packaged between the working electrode and the pair of electrodes₃And (4) leading out a lead after the electrolyte, thus preparing the multicolor electrochromic device of the embodiment. By applying a voltage to the multicolour electrochromic device, the colour of the working electrode can be further modulated to change between more colours, in particular the colour change on both sides of the working electrode is not exactly the same, as shown in particular in fig. 18.

Example 10:

the present embodiment provides an optical device, which may be considered to be a reflective/transmissive dual-mode multicolor electrochromic device, including a working electrode, an electrolyte layer, and a counter electrode, the electrolyte layer being disposed between the working electrode and the counter electrode.

The working electrode comprises an optical thin film structure arranged on a conductive substrate, wherein the optical thin film structure comprises a first optical structure layer, a second optical structure layer and a dielectric layer, the first optical structure layer is formed by metal tungsten (W), the second optical structure layer is formed by metal silver (Ag), and the dielectric layer is formed by titanium dioxide (TiO)₂) And (4) forming. And the substrate may be PET/AgNWs.

The preparation method of the working electrode comprises the following steps: on a clean PET/AgNWs film, a silver film is firstly sputtered by a magnetron sputtering method, and the thickness of the silver film is preferably selected to be about 10 nm. And then, magnetron sputtering a titanium oxide layer on the silver film, wherein the thickness of the titanium oxide layer is preferably set to be 100 nm-400 nm. And then magnetron sputtering a tungsten film on the titanium dioxide layer, wherein the thickness of the tungsten film is preferably selected to be about 5 nm.

The optical device can be assembled in the manner described in example 11.

Of course, the silver film and the tungsten film can be prepared by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, and the like in a manner known in the art. The titanium oxide layer can be prepared by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, electrochemical deposition, and the like.

Then, the working electrode is matched with a pair of electrodes (such as NiO pair electrodes), LiCl/PVA gel electrolyte is arranged between the working electrode and the pair of electrodes, and then a lead is led out, so that the multicolor electrochromic device of the embodiment can be prepared. By applying a voltage to the multicolor electrochromic device and adjusting the voltage range, the color of the working electrode can be further modulated to change among more colors, particularly, the color change on two sides of the working electrode is not completely the same. The multi-color electrochromic device of this example was subjected to a voltage to cause the color change to exhibit similar properties to the color change of example 9.

Example 11:

The working electrode comprises an optical thin film structure arranged on a conductive substrate, wherein the optical thin film structure comprises a first optical structure layer, a second optical structure layer and a dielectric layer, the first optical structure layer is air, the second optical structure layer is a metal copper (Cu) layer, and the dielectric layer is made of vanadium oxide (V)₂O₅) And the base layer may be PET/ITO.

The preparation method of the optical film structure comprises the following steps: firstly, sputtering a layer of copper film on a clean PET substrate by a magnetron sputtering method, wherein the thickness of the copper film is preferably selected to be about 15 nm. And sputtering a vanadium oxide layer on the copper film by magnetron sputtering, wherein the thickness of the vanadium oxide layer is preferably 100 nm-400 nm.

Of course, the foregoing copper film can also be prepared by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, and the like in a manner known in the art. The vanadium oxide layer can be prepared by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, electrochemical deposition, sol-gel technology and other methods known in the art. The working electrode of this embodiment appears different colors when viewed from both sides, and additionally has a transmissive structural color.

The optical device can be assembled in the manner described in example 9.

Then the working electrode is matched with a pair of electrodes (such as NiO counter electrode), and LiCl/HCl/AlCl is arranged between the working electrode and the pair of electrodes₃a/NaCl/PVA mixed ion gel electrolyte. By applying a voltage to the multicolor electrochromic device and adjusting the voltage range, the color of the working electrode can be further modulated to change among more colors, particularly, the color change on two sides of the working electrode is not completely the same. The multi-color electrochromic device of this example was subjected to a voltage to cause the color change to exhibit similar properties to the color change of example 9.

Example 12:

The working electrode comprises an optical thin film structure arranged on a conductive substrate, the optical thin film structure comprises a first optical structure layer, a second optical structure layer and a dielectric layer, wherein air is used as the first optical structure layer, the second optical structure layer is formed by metal tungsten (W), and the dielectric layer is formed by tungsten oxide (WO)₃) And (4) forming. And the substrate may be PET/ITO.

The preparation method of the working electrode comprises the following steps: on a clean PET/ITO film, a silver film is sputtered by a magnetron sputtering method, and preferably, the thickness of the tungsten film is selected to be about 10 nm. And then, magnetron sputtering a tungsten oxide layer on the silver film, wherein the thickness of the tungsten oxide layer is preferably set to be 100 nm-400 nm.

A lithium lanthanum titanate film is sputtered on the working electrode as a solid electrolyte by a magnetron sputtering method, and the thickness of the lithium lanthanum titanate film is preferably 500 nm.

The working electrode, solid electrolyte and a pair of electrodes (e.g., IrO)₂Counter electrode) and then lead out the lead, thus preparing the multicolor electrochromic device of the embodiment. By applying a voltage to the multicolour electrochromic device, the colour of the working electrode can be further modulated so that it can be changed between more colours, in particular the colour change on both sides of the working electrode is not exactly the same. The multi-color electrochromic device of this example was subjected to a voltage to cause the color change to exhibit similar properties to the color change of example 11.

Comparative example 3:

the optical film structure provided by the comparative example comprises a first optical structure layer, a second optical structure layer, a dielectric layer and a substrate layer.

The first optical structure layer is air, the second optical structure layer does not exist (no tungsten film), the dielectric layer is formed by tungsten oxide, and the substrate layer can be a PET film.

The preparation method of the optical film structure comprises the following steps: sputtering a tungsten oxide layer on a clean PET substrate by magnetron sputtering, wherein the thickness of the tungsten oxide layer is preferably set to be 100 nm-400 nm.

And controlling the thickness of the tungsten oxide layer to be different, and viewing from the direction of one side of the first optical structure layer, obtaining the transparent colorless optical thin film structure.

Under different tungsten oxide thicknesses, the corresponding color is transparent and colorless when viewed from the substrate layer direction, and the color is completely the same as the color when viewed from the first optical structure layer direction.

The optical thin film structure of the comparative example was transparent and colorless even though the thickness of tungsten oxide was different.

Comparative example 4:

The preparation method of the optical film structure comprises the following steps: on a clean PET substrate, a tungsten film is firstly sputtered by a magnetron sputtering method, and the thickness of the tungsten film is preferably selected to be about 100 nm. And sputtering a tungsten oxide layer on the tungsten film by magnetron sputtering, wherein the thickness of the tungsten oxide layer is preferably set to be 100 nm-400 nm.

Of course, the tungsten film can be prepared by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, and the like known in the art. The tungsten oxide layer can be formed by electron beam evaporation, thermal evaporation, electrochemical deposition, sol-gel technique, and the like. The thickness of the tungsten oxide layer is controlled to be different, and an optical thin film structure with rich reflection and gorgeous colors can be obtained when the optical thin film structure is seen from one side of the first optical structure layer.

The reflection color of the tungsten oxide film is only the color (silver white) of the metal tungsten film when viewed from the direction of the base layer under different tungsten oxide thicknesses. The optical thin film structure of the comparative example was found to be non-transmissive at different tungsten oxide thicknesses.

In addition, the inventor of the present application has also tested that other dielectric materials, metal reflective materials, substrate materials, etc. listed in the present specification are substituted for the corresponding materials in the foregoing embodiments, and found that the obtained electrochromic structure and the multifunctional mobile phone capable of detecting ambient gas have similar advantages.

By adopting the technical proposal, the invention arranges the front surface of the colorful electrochromic layer display panel on the display screen main body, the collector unit is used for sensing electromagnetic radiation in the environment, the detector unit is used for converting the collected electromagnetic radiation energy into chemical energy or electric energy, the processor unit processes the converted signals, calculates the electromagnetic radiation intensity, controls the colorful electrochromic display panel to change corresponding colors, controls the temperature sensor unit to sense the ambient temperature, and controls the digital display panel to display specific electromagnetic radiation intensity or grade and ambient temperature, can realize the detection of electromagnetic radiation in the environment to display rich and colorful color change, display the electromagnetic radiation information of the environment to users, is convenient and time-saving to operate, the method can be widely applied to occasions such as mobile phone shells, flat-plate shells, household appliance shells, wall outer bodies and the like.

It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, which are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional multi-colored electrochromic display screen of detectable environment electromagnetic radiation, its characterized in that includes:

a display screen main body;

a collector unit at least to collect ambient electromagnetic radiation;

wherein the multi-color electrochromic structure comprises a working electrodeElectrolyte and counter electrode, the electrolyte distributes between working electrode and counter electrode, its characterized in that: the working electrode comprises a first optical structure layer and a second optical structure layer which are opposite to each other and arranged in parallel, the first optical structure layer and the second optical structure layer are optically reflective and/or optically transmissive, a dielectric layer is arranged between the first optical structure layer and the second optical structure layer and consists of electrochromic materials, the bonding interfaces of the dielectric layer, the first optical structure layer and the second optical structure layer are respectively a first surface and a second surface of the dielectric layer, and the first surface, the second surface and the dielectric layer form an optical cavity; when the incident light enters the optical cavity from the first optical structure layer or the second optical structure layer, the phase shift of the reflected light formed on the first surface and the reflected light formed on the second surface

d is the thickness of the dielectric layer,

2. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 1, wherein: if the refractive index of the first optical structure layer is defined as

The reflection coefficient of the first surface

Wherein

Is the incident angle of the incident light on the first surface;

and/or, if the refractive index of the second optical structure layer is defined as

The reflection coefficient of the second surface

Wherein

3. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 2, wherein: the reflection coefficient of the working electrode is expressed as:

the reflectance is expressed as:

4. the multifunctional multicolor electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: if the refractive index of the first optical structure layer is defined as

The transmission coefficient of the first optical structure layer

Wherein

Is the incident angle of the incident light on the first surface;

The transmission coefficient of the second optical structure layer

Wherein

5. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 4, wherein: the transmission coefficient of the working electrode is expressed as:

the transmittance is expressed as:

6. the multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 1, wherein: the working electrode has an optical transmission working mode, an optical reflection working mode or an optical transmission and reflection working mode; in the optically reflective mode of operation, the working electrode has a two-sided asymmetric structural color, and in the optically transmissive mode of operation, the working electrode has a transparent structural color.

7. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation of claim 1, wherein: one of the first optical structure layer and the second optical structure layer is a metal layer, and the other one of the first optical structure layer and the second optical structure layer is composed of gas, wherein the gas comprises air; or the first optical structure layer and the second optical structure layer are both metal layers.

8. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 1, wherein: the working electrode includes one or more first optical structure layers, one or more dielectric layers, and one or more second optical structure layers.

9. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 8, wherein: the working electrode includes a plurality of first optical structure layers and/or a plurality of second optical structure layers and a plurality of dielectric layers.

10. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 8, wherein: at least one of the first optical structure layer and the second optical structure layer is made of a metal material; the metal material comprises any one or combination of more of tungsten, gold, silver, copper, titanium, aluminum, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, platinum, germanium and palladium; and/or the thickness of at least one of the first optical structure layer and the second optical structure layer is 0-2000 nm.

11. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 1, wherein: the material of the dielectric layer is selected from organic materials or inorganic materials.

12. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 11, wherein: the inorganic material comprises one or more of metal simple substance or nonmetal simple substance, inorganic salt and oxide.

13. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 12, wherein: the nonmetal simple substance comprises any one or combination of more of monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon and diamond.

14. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 12, wherein: the inorganic salt comprises any one or combination of more of fluoride, sulfide, selenide, chloride, bromide, iodide, arsenide or telluride.

15. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 12, wherein: said oxide comprises WO₃、NiO、TiO₂、Nb₂O₅、Fe₂O₃、V₂O₅、Co₂O₃、Y₂O₃、Cr₂O₃、MoO₃、Al₂O₃、SiO₂、MgO、ZnO、MnO₂、CaO、ZrO₂、Ta₂O₅、Y₃Al₅O₁₂、Er₂O₃、IrO₂Any one or a combination of more of them.

16. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 14, wherein: the fluoride comprises MgF₂、CaF₂、GeF₂、YbF₃、YF₃、Na₃AlF₆、AlF₃、NdF₃、LaF₃、LiF、NaF、BaF₂、SrF₂Any one or a combination of more of them.

17. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 14, wherein: the sulfide includes ZnS, GeS, MoS₂、Bi₂S₃Any one or combination of more of these.

18. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 14, wherein: the selenide comprises ZnSe, GeSe, MoSe₂、PbSe、Ag₂Se is any one or combination of more.

19. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 14, wherein: the chloride comprises any one or combination of more of AgCl, NaCl and KCl.

20. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 14, wherein: the bromide comprises any one or more of AgBr, NaBr, KBr, TlBr and CsBr.

21. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 14, wherein: the iodide comprises any one or more of AgI, NaI, KI, RbI and CsI.

22. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 14, wherein: the arsenide comprises GaAs.

23. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation of claim 14, wherein: the telluride comprises GdTe.

24. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 1, wherein: the dielectric layer is made of SrTiO₃、Ba₃Ta₄O₁₅、Bi₄Ti₃O₂、CaCO₃、CaWO₄、CaMnO₄、LiNbO₄Prussian blue, Prussian black, PrussianAny one or more of white and Prussian green.

25. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 1, wherein: the material of the dielectric layer comprises a liquid crystal material or an MOF material.

26. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 11, wherein: the organic material comprises an organic small molecule compound and/or a polymer.

27. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 11, wherein: the organic material comprises any one or combination of more of viologen, polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene, polycarbazole, phthalocyanine, dimethyl terephthalate, dimethyl-diphenyl amine, tetrathiafulvene, alkyl bipyridine, phenothiazine, polyamide, epoxy resin and polydiacetylene.

28. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the dielectric layer is 0.001-2000 nm.

29. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 28, wherein: the thickness of the dielectric layer is 100-500 nm.

30. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation of claim 1, wherein:

an optimized dielectric layer is distributed between the dielectric layer and the first optical structure layer or the second optical structure layer;

or, an optimized dielectric layer is arranged on the first optical structure layer or the second optical structure layer.

31. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 30, wherein: the material of the optimized dielectric layer comprises WO₃、NiO、TiO₂、Nb₂O₅、Fe₂O₃、V₂O₅、Co₂O₃、Y₂O₃、Cr₂O₃、MoO₃、Al₂O₃、SiO₂、MgO、ZnO、MnO₂、CaO、ZrO₂、Ta₂O₅、Y₃Al₅O₁₂、Er₂O₃、ZnS、MgF₂And silicon nitride.

32. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 30, wherein: the thickness of the optimized dielectric layer is 0-2000 nm.

33. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 1, wherein: the first optical structure layer or the second optical structure layer is further combined with a substrate, and the substrate is transparent or semitransparent.

34. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation of claim 33, wherein: the substrate comprises a material which comprises any one or a combination of more of glass, organic glass, PET, PES, PEN, PC, PMMA and PDMS.

35. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 33, wherein: the substrate is further provided with a conducting layer, and the conducting layer comprises any one or combination of multiple of FTO, ITO, Ag nanowires, Ag nano grids, carbon nano tubes and graphene.

36. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 1, wherein: the multi-color electrochromic structure further comprises an ion conducting layer, an ion storage layer and a transparent conducting layer.

37. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation of claim 1, wherein: the counter electrode includes a transparent conductive electrode or a semitransparent conductive electrode.

38. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation of claim 37, wherein: an ion storage layer is further arranged between the transparent conductive electrode and the dielectric layer.

39. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation of claim 1, wherein: the electrolyte includes a liquid electrolyte, a gel electrolyte, or a solid electrolyte.

40. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 39, wherein: the electrolyte adopts a solid electrolyte.

41. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 40, wherein: the multi-color electrochromic structure is an all-solid-state structure.

42. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 1, wherein: the colorful electrochromic display unit and the digital display unit are at least partially covered on the front surface of the display screen main body, and the collector unit, the detector unit and the processor unit are respectively arranged on the colorful electrochromic display unit.

43. The screen of claim 42, further comprising a temperature sensor unit for detecting at least ambient temperature.

44. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 43, wherein: the output end of the collector unit is connected with the input end of the detector unit, the output end of the detector unit and the output end of the temperature sensor unit are respectively connected with the input end of the processor unit, and the output end of the processor unit is respectively connected with the colorful electrochromic display unit and the digital display unit.

45. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation according to claim 1, wherein: the collector unit comprises a lens group, a reflector group or an antenna;

and/or the detector unit comprises a photosensitive film, a photoelectric tube, a photosensitive and thermosensitive detecting element or a resonant cavity resonator;

and/or the processor unit is at least used for carrying out development, fixation, signal amplification, transformation, correction or coding processing on the converted chemical energy or electric energy signal.

46. The multifunctional multi-color electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation of claim 45, wherein: the processor unit includes a photographic processing device or an electronic processing device.

47. A device capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation, wherein the device is provided with the multifunctional multicolor electrochromic display screen capable of detecting ambient electromagnetic radiation as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 46.

48. The apparatus of claim 47, wherein: the device comprises a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a household appliance or a wall.

49. A method of detecting electromagnetic radiation, characterized in that the method is implemented mainly based on the ambient electromagnetic radiation detectable multi-functional multi-color electrochromic display of any of claims 1-46 or the device of any of claims 47-48, and the method comprises: