CN113376889A - Electrochromic device based on polymer dispersed liquid crystal, preparation method and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides an electrochromic device based on polymer dispersed liquid crystal, which comprises a polymer dispersed liquid crystal device and an electrochromic device, wherein the electrochromic device is arranged on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device and the electrochromic device share a common electrode. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal device of the electrochromic device and the electrochromic device share one common electrode, so that the whole thickness of the electrochromic device is reduced, the application scene of the electrochromic device is enlarged, manufacturing materials and processing procedure process steps are reduced, a driving module is simplified, and the production cost is reduced. The application also provides electronic equipment provided with the electrochromic device and a preparation method of the electrochromic device.

Description

Electrochromic device based on polymer dispersed liquid crystal, preparation method and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of electrochromic devices, in particular to an electrochromic device based on polymer dispersed liquid crystal, a preparation method of the electrochromic device and electronic equipment provided with the electrochromic device.

Background

Electrochromism refers to a phenomenon that optical properties (reflectivity, transmissivity, absorptivity, or the like) of a material generate stable and reversible color change under the action of an applied electric field, and the electrochromism is represented by reversible changes of color and transparency in appearance. Materials having electrochromic properties are referred to as electrochromic materials, and devices made with electrochromic materials are referred to as electrochromic devices. In the prior art, an Electrochromic (EC) device is generally disposed on a Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC) device to form a display apparatus with reversible changes in color and transparency. The existing electrochromic display device based on polymer dispersed liquid crystal generally comprises a PDLC device and an EC device, wherein the PDLC device and the EC device are independently adhered into a whole; namely, the PDLC device comprises one pair of electrodes, the EC device comprises the other pair of electrodes, and the PDLC device and the EC device are respectively and independently controlled by the two pairs of electrodes so as to realize the combined switching of transparency and color.

Specifically, a PDLC device of an existing electrochromic display device generally includes a first transparent non-conductive substrate, a first transparent conductive layer, a first electrode disposed on the first transparent conductive layer, a polymer liquid crystal layer (PDLC), a second transparent conductive layer, and a second electrode disposed between the second transparent conductive layer and the polymer liquid crystal layer, which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top; the EC device of the electrochromic display apparatus generally includes a second transparent non-conductive substrate, a third transparent conductive layer, a counter electrode, a polymer Electrolyte (EC), a working electrode, a third transparent conductive layer, and a third transparent non-conductive substrate, which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, and the second transparent non-conductive substrate is stacked on the second transparent conductive layer. The electrochromic display device is capable of switching between transparent and colored scattering states. However, the number of stacked layers of the conventional electrochromic display device is too large, and the number of electrodes is large, so that the overall thickness of the electrochromic display device is too large, and the application scene of the electrochromic display device is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention provides an electrochromic device based on a polymer dispersed liquid crystal, which has a small number of layers stacked to reduce the overall thickness, and an electronic apparatus provided with the electrochromic device based on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal.

In order to solve the above technical problems, a first aspect of the present application provides an electrochromic device based on polymer dispersed liquid crystal, the electrochromic device comprising:

a polymer dispersed liquid crystal device; and

an electrochromic device stacked on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device and the electrochromic device sharing a common electrode.

The second aspect of the present application also provides an electronic device comprising an electrochromic apparatus according to the first aspect.

The third aspect of the present application also provides a method for manufacturing an electrochromic device, including the steps of:

providing three transparent glass substrates, plating ITO on one surface of each transparent glass substrate, and plating a first electrode, a common electrode and a second electrode on the ITO of the three transparent glass substrates respectively to form a first transparent conductive layer, a second transparent conductive layer and a third transparent conductive layer;

the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is attached to the working surface of the first electrode, the first transparent conductive layer and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer are clamped by the first transparent non-conductive substrate and the second transparent non-conductive substrate, and then curing is carried out;

respectively attaching two opposite side surfaces of the electrochromic material layer to a second transparent conducting layer and a third transparent conducting layer, so that the common electrode and the second electrode are respectively positioned at two opposite sides of the electrochromic material layer;

and attaching the side surface of the second transparent conducting layer, which is deviated from the common electrode, to a second transparent non-conducting substrate, attaching the side surface of the third transparent conducting layer, which is deviated from the second electrode, to a third transparent non-conducting substrate, then curing, and then sealing the frame of the edge of the third transparent conducting layer.

The polymer dispersed liquid crystal device of the electrochromic device and the electrochromic device share one common electrode, so that the whole thickness of the electrochromic device is reduced, the application scene of the electrochromic device is enlarged, manufacturing materials and processing procedure process steps are reduced, a driving module is simplified, and the production cost is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochromic device based on polymer dispersed liquid crystal according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of the electrochromic device in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the electrochromic device in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochromic device based on polymer dispersed liquid crystal according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided with the electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method of making an electrochromic device of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application.

It should be noted that reference herein to "an embodiment" or "an implementation" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or implementation can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

The terms "first" and "second" appearing in the present application are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any indication of the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3 together, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochromic device 100 based on polymer dispersed liquid crystal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of the electrochromic device 100 in FIG. 1; fig. 3 is a side view of the electrochromic device 100 in fig. 1. The application provides an electrochromic device 100 based on polymer dispersed liquid crystal, the electrochromic device 100 comprises a polymer dispersed liquid crystal device 20 and an electrochromic device 50, the electrochromic device 50 is laminated on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device 20, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device 20 and the electrochromic device 50 share a common electrode 510. That is, the common electrode 510 can be conducted with the other electrode of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device 20 to realize the haze switching of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device 20; and the common electrode 510 can be in conduction with the other electrode of the electrochromic device 50 to realize the color change of the electrochromic device 50. The dispersed liquid crystal device 20 includes a first transparent non-conductive substrate 22, a first transparent conductive layer 24, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 26, a second transparent non-conductive substrate 28, and a second transparent conductive layer 51; the electrochromic device 50 includes a second transparent non-conductive substrate 28, a second transparent conductive layer 51, an electrochromic material layer 53, a third transparent conductive layer 55, and a third transparent non-conductive substrate 57; thus, the dispersed liquid crystal device 20 shares a second transparent conductive layer 51 and a second transparent non-conductive substrate 28 with the electrochromic device 50. The present application reduces the number of transparent non-conductive substrates and transparent non-conductive substrates compared to the prior art electrochromic device 100, thereby reducing the overall thickness of the electrochromic device 100.

When the electrochromic device 100 is used, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device 20 and the electrochromic device 50 are independently operated to implement haze switching and color change, so that the appearance of the electrochromic device 100 has various changing effects. Compared with the electrochromic display device adopting four electrodes in the prior art, namely the prior electrochromic display device comprises four transparent conductive layers and four electrodes respectively arranged on the four transparent conductive layers, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device 20 and the electrochromic device 50 of the electrochromic device 100 share one common electrode 510, so that the electrochromic device 100 is only provided with three electrodes, namely the electrochromic device 100 only comprises three transparent conductive layers, the overall thickness of the electrochromic device 100 is reduced, the application scenes of the electrochromic device 100 are enlarged, the manufacturing materials and the processing steps are reduced, the driving module is simplified, and the production cost is reduced.

As shown in fig. 2, the electrochromic device 100 includes, in order from bottom to top, a first transparent nonconductive substrate 22, a first transparent conductive layer 24 laminated on the first transparent nonconductive substrate 22, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 26 laminated on the first transparent conductive layer 24, a second transparent nonconductive substrate 28 laminated on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 26, a second transparent conductive layer 51 laminated on the second transparent nonconductive substrate 28, an electrochromic material layer 53 laminated on the second transparent conductive layer 51, a third transparent conductive layer 55 laminated on the electrochromic material layer 53, and a third transparent nonconductive substrate 57 laminated on the third transparent conductive layer 55. The second transparent conductive layer 51 includes a common electrode 510, the first transparent conductive layer 24 includes a first electrode 240, the third transparent conductive layer 55 includes a second electrode 550, the common electrode 510 and the first electrode 240 are electrically connected through the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 26, and the second electrode 550 and the common electrode 510 are electrically connected through the electrochromic material layer 53. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 26 is located between the first electrode 240 and the common electrode 510, and the electrochromic material layer 53 is sandwiched between the second electrode 550 and the common electrode 510; when the first electrode 240 is in conduction with the common electrode 510, the haze switching of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 26 can be achieved, and at the same time, when the second electrode 550 is in conduction with the common electrode 510, the color change of the electrochromic material layer 53 can be achieved. The lower-to-upper fingers are along the z-axis.

The polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 26 is made of polymer dispersed liquid crystal in which liquid crystal is dispersed in an organic solid polymer matrix in small droplets of the order of micrometers, the refractive index of which does not match that of the matrix because the optical axes of the small droplets composed of liquid crystal molecules are in free orientation. The light is strongly scattered by the droplets as it passes through the substrate and appears in an opaque milky white or translucent state. The optical axis orientation of the liquid crystal microdroplets can be adjusted by applying an electric field, and when the refractive indexes of the liquid crystal microdroplets are matched, the liquid crystal microdroplets are in a transparent state; the electric field is removed and the liquid crystal droplets restore the original state of astigmatism, thereby performing the display.

The electrochromic material layer 53 is made of electrochromic material, the electrochromic material has bistable performance, and an electrochromic display device made of the electrochromic material does not need a backlight lamp, and after a static image is displayed, as long as the display content is not changed, no power is consumed, so that the purpose of energy conservation is achieved.

Specifically, the electrochromic material may be classified into inorganic electrochromic materials, which are mainly transition metal oxides or hydrates, CeO2-TiO2, NiOx, WO3, MnO2, and the like, and organic electrochromic materials; the organic electrochromic material mainly comprises various organic heterocyclic compounds such as bipyridyl salts, conductive polymers, metal organic polymers, metal phthalocyanine and the like from the structural aspect. The electronic structure of the metal ions in the transition metal oxide is unstable, and the ionic valence state is changed under a certain condition to form a state of mixed valence state ions coexisting. As the valence of the ion changes, the color also changes. Selection of appropriate transition metal complex ligands can be made into a range of polymeric metal complexes using electrochemical polymerization, such as [ Ru I (Vbpy)2- (Py)2] CI2 films on ITO glass. The commonly used complex ligands are Vpy, Vbpy, Vtpy, Py, and the central metal ions are Fe, Ru, Os, etc. In inorganic color-changing materials, the negative materials are mainly group VIB metal oxides, such as WO3, MoO3, and the like; the anode materials are mainly group VIII (Pt, Ir, Os, Pd, Ru, Rb, etc.) metal oxides and hydrated oxides. The organic electrochromic material includes, but is not limited to, polythiophene and its derivatives, viologen, tetrathiafulvalene, metal phthalocyanine compounds, etc. The electrochromic material can be classified into: thin film (solid), precipitated (solid and liquid interconvertions) and non-precipitated (solution).

Phthalocyanine multi-molecular film (film thickness 10-20nm, M ═ Cu, Ni) can realize blue-green-yellow-red color changing effect between-2V- + 2V.

The color change principle of the electrochromic material mainly depends on the chemical composition energy band structure and oxidation reduction characteristics of the material. For example, the modulation in the infrared reflection characteristic can be realized by modulating the absorption characteristics of the film in the ultraviolet and visible light regions or changing the carrier concentration in the film and the plasma oscillation frequency by the injection and extraction of ions and electrons. Taking WO3 as an example to concretely explain: wherein a double injection/extraction model and an intra-valence migration model are adopted; for example, the amorphous WO3 discoloration mechanism can be represented by the following formula: xM + + xe- + WO3 ═ MxWO3 in formula: m represents H +, Li +, or the like. When an electric field is applied, electrons e-and cations M + are injected into the defect positions between the atomic lattices of the WO3 film at the same time to form tungsten bronze (MxWO3) which appears blue. When an electric field is applied in the reverse direction, the electrons e-and the cations M + in the electrochromic layer are simultaneously separated, and the blue color disappears. In tungsten bronzes, the movement of electrons between different lattice positions a and B can be expressed as: h γ + W5+ (a) + W6+ (B) ═ W6+ (a) + W5+ (B). And another adopts a polaron model, electrons are injected into the crystal and then interact with the surrounding crystals to be localized at a certain lattice position to form a small polaron, so that the equilibrium configuration is damaged. The small polarons need to absorb photons when jumping at different lattice positions; this transition of polarons caused by light absorption is called a Franck-Condon transition. During the transition, the electron transition energy is fully converted into the energy of the photon emission. The resulting light absorption can be expressed as: a ═ Ah ω exp { (h ω - ε -4U)/8Uh ω } wherein: h ω is the energy of the scattered photon; ε is the energy difference between the initial and final state energy levels, and U is the activation energy. The small polaron model is not only well matched with the light absorption curve of WO3, but also can be used for the spectrum blue shift phenomenon caused by adding a small amount of MoO3 in the evaporation process of WO 3.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first transparent non-conductive substrate 22, the second transparent non-conductive substrate 28, and the third transparent non-conductive substrate 57 are all transparent glass, flexible transparent PET film, PCE film, or the like. A first transparent non-conductive substrate 22 and a second transparent non-conductive substrate 28 for positioning the first transparent conductive layer 24 and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 26; the second transparent non-conductive substrate 28 and the third transparent non-conductive substrate 57 are used to position the second transparent conductive layer 51, the electrochromic material layer 53 and the third transparent conductive layer 55. That is, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device 20 and the electrochromic device 50 share the second transparent conductive layer 51. Compared with the prior art that the two opposite sides of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device are respectively provided with the transparent non-conductive substrate and the two opposite sides of the electrochromic device are respectively provided with the transparent non-conductive substrate, the electrochromic device 100 provided by the application reduces one transparent non-conductive substrate, so that the whole thickness of the electrochromic device 100 is reduced.

As shown in fig. 2, the first transparent non-conductive substrate 22 includes a lower surface 221 and an upper surface 223 parallel to the xy plane, at least the upper surface 223 is plated with a working surface; the second transparent non-conductive substrate 28 includes a lower surface 281 and an upper surface 283 parallel to the xy plane, both the lower surface 281 and the upper surface 283 are plated with working surfaces; the third transparent non-conductive substrate 57 includes a lower surface 571 and an upper surface 573 parallel to the xy plane, the lower surface 571 being plated with a working surface. The first transparent conductive layer 24 is attached to the upper surface 223 of the first transparent non-conductive substrate 22, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 26 is attached to the lower surface 281 of the second transparent non-conductive substrate 28, the second transparent conductive layer 51 is attached to the upper surface 283 of the second transparent non-conductive substrate 28, and the third transparent conductive layer 55 is attached to the lower surface 571 of the third transparent non-conductive substrate 57. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 26 is sandwiched between the second transparent non-conductive substrate 57 and the first transparent conductive layer 24, and the electrochromic material layer 53 is sandwiched between the second transparent conductive layer 51 and the third transparent conductive layer 55.

In this embodiment, the first transparent conductive layer 24 includes a transparent base layer 242 and a first electrode 240, and the first electrode 240 is disposed on a side surface of the first transparent conductive layer 24 facing the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 26; specifically, the transparent base layer 242 includes a lower surface 2421 and an upper surface 2423, the lower surface 2421 of the transparent base layer 242 is attached to the upper surface 223 of the first transparent non-conductive substrate 22, and the first electrode 240 is disposed on the upper surface 2423. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 26 includes a lower surface 261 and an upper surface 263, the lower surface 261 is attached to the upper surface 2423 of the first transparent conductive layer 24, and the upper surface 263 is attached to the lower surface 281 of the second transparent non-conductive substrate 28. The second transparent conductive layer 51 comprises a transparent base layer 512 and a common electrode 510, wherein the common electrode 510 is arranged on the side surface of the second transparent conductive layer 51 facing the electrochromic material layer 53; specifically, the transparent base layer 512 includes a lower surface 5121 and an upper surface 5123, the lower surface 5121 of the transparent base layer 512 is attached to the upper surface 283 of the second transparent non-conductive substrate 28, and the common electrode 510 is disposed on the upper surface 5123. The electrochromic material layer 53 includes a lower surface 531 and an upper surface 533, and the lower surface 531 is attached to the upper surface 5123 of the second transparent conductive layer 51. The third transparent conductive layer 55 includes a transparent base layer 552 and a second electrode 550, the second electrode 550 is disposed on the side of the third transparent conductive layer 55 facing the electrochromic material layer 53; specifically, the transparent base layer 552 includes a lower surface 5521 and an upper surface 5523, the second electrode 510 is disposed on the lower surface 5521, the lower surface 5521 is attached to the upper surface 533 of the electrochromic material layer 53, and the upper surface 5523 is attached to the lower surface 571 of the third transparent non-conductive substrate 57.

At this time, the second transparent conductive layer 51, the second transparent non-conductive substrate 28, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 26, the first transparent conductive layer 24, and the first transparent non-conductive substrate 22 form the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device 20 through a bonding process; the second transparent non-conductive substrate 28, the second transparent conductive layer 51, the electrochromic material layer 53, the third transparent conductive layer 55, and the third transparent non-conductive substrate 57 constitute the electrochromic device 50 through a bonding process. The coating process includes, but is not limited to, coating, and the like. The common electrode 510 and the first electrode 240 constitute a pair of electrodes of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device 20, and the common electrode 510 and the second electrode 552 constitute a pair of electrodes of the electrochromic device 50; so that the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device 20 is relatively independent of the control circuitry of the electrochromic device 50.

In this embodiment, the first transparent conductive layer 24, the second transparent conductive layer 51, and the third transparent conductive layer 55 are all conductive glass, and the conductive glass includes ITO conductive glass, FTO conductive glass, or AIO conductive glass. The ITO conductive glass is a conductive film which is manufactured by plating a layer of indium tin oxide film on the basis of soda-lime-based or silicon-boron-based glass substrate by a magnetron sputtering method. The main parameters of the ITO conductive film comprise surface resistance, uniformity of the surface resistance, light transmittance, thermal stability, heating shrinkage rate, heating curling and the like. The light transmittance is mainly related to the base material used for the ITO conductive film and the surface resistance of the ITO film. Under the condition of the same substrate material, the smaller the surface resistance of the ITO conductive film is, the larger the thickness of the ITO conductive film is, and the light transmittance is correspondingly reduced to a certain degree. In the ITO conductive film glass oxide conductive film, the Sn-doped In2O3 film has the highest transmittance and good conductivity, and a fine pattern is easily engraved In an acid solution, wherein the light transmittance is over 90 percent. The transmittance and resistance of ITO are controlled by the ratio of In2O3 and Sn2O3, typically Sn2O 3: in2O3 ═ 1: 9. The FTO conductive glass is fluorine-doped SnO2 conductive glass (SnO2: F), and can be used as a substitute for ITO conductive glass. The preparation method of the FTO conductive glass mainly comprises a chemical vapor deposition method and a magnetron sputtering method.

In this embodiment, the common electrode 510 is a counter electrode of the electrochromic device 50, and the second electrode 552 is a working electrode. The common electrode 510 and the second electrode 552 may be, but are not limited to, polythiophene, polypyrrole, polyaniline, and viologen derivatives.

In other implementations, the common electrode 510 can also be a working electrode of the electrochromic device, and the second electrode 552 can be a counter electrode.

The common electrode 510 is electrically connected to the positive or negative electrode of the power supply, and in particular, when the common electrode 510 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, both the first electrode 240 and the second electrode 550 are connected to the negative electrode of the power supply; when the common electrode 510 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power source, the first electrode 240 and the second electrode 550 are both connected to the positive electrode of the power source. A voltage between the common electrode 510 and the first electrode 240 is different from a voltage between the common electrode 510 and the second electrode 550; specifically, the voltage between the common electrode 510 and the second electrode 550 is 2V-5V, and the voltage between the common electrode 510 and the first electrode 240 is 60V-100V.

When the electrochromic device 100 is used, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device 20 and the electrochromic device 50 operate independently, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device 20 and the electrochromic device 50 are combined into a whole by adopting the principle of combining the PDLC device and the organic electrochromic device to form the conversion between a transparent scattering state and a scattering state with various colors. Compared with the conventional PDLC device in a black-and-white state, which is changed into a device with adjustable multiple colors, the electrochromic device 50 can intercept most of infrared rays and ultraviolet rays. Therefore, the electrochromic device 100 of the present application can effectively solve the problem of monotonous color of the PDLC device, can freely switch between the transparent and color scattering states, and can isolate most of infrared and ultraviolet rays; not only can the privacy be ensured, but also the beautiful appearance of the product can be ensured due to the color change of the plurality of colors. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal device 20 and the electrochromic device 50 of the electrochromic device 100 of the present application share the common electrode 510, that is, one electrode of the electrochromic device 100 is reduced, so that a corresponding transparent conductive layer is reduced, thereby reducing the overall thickness of the electrochromic device 100, reducing manufacturing materials and processing steps, simplifying driving modules, and reducing production cost.

Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochromic device 100a based on polymer dispersed liquid crystal according to another embodiment of the present application. The electrochromic device 100a of the other embodiment is similar in structure to the electrochromic device 100 of one of the embodiments described above, except that: the electrochromic device 100a further includes an ultraviolet cut-off layer 29, the ultraviolet cut-off layer 29 being attached to the lower surface 221 of the first transparent non-conductive substrate 22. The electrochromic device 100a in this embodiment can intercept most of infrared rays and ultraviolet rays, so that the indoor heat preservation effect is better, energy is saved more, the environment is protected, and the weather resistance is improved.

Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided with the electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The electronic device comprises a carrier 300 and the electrochromic device 100 arranged on the carrier 300. In this embodiment, the electronic device is an intelligent light-adjusting window, the supporting member 300 is a transparent sheet, and the electrochromic device 100 is attached to the surface of the transparent sheet through a transparent optical adhesive. The electronic device has the adjustability of light absorption and transmission under the action of an electric field, and can selectively absorb or reflect external heat radiation and prevent internal heat diffusion so as to reduce a large amount of energy which is consumed for keeping buildings such as office buildings, civil houses and the like warm in summer and winter. Meanwhile, the utility model also has the functions of improving the natural illumination degree, preventing peeping, preventing dazzling and the like. Can reduce outdoor shading facilities, meet the requirements of lighting and beauty of the prior buildings and solve the problem of urban light pollution which is continuously worsened in modern times.

In other embodiments, the electronic device may also be an automatic anti-glare rearview mirror for an automobile, and the automatic anti-glare rearview mirror for an automobile adjusts the intensity of reflected light according to the intensity of external light through an electronic sensing system to achieve the anti-glare purpose.

In other embodiments, the electronic device may also be, but is not limited to, an instrument display, an outdoor advertisement, a static display, a smart card, a smart tag, electrochromic smart glasses, an electrochromic information store, and the like.

In other embodiments, the electronic device may also be a housing assembly, which includes a housing and the electrochromic device 100 disposed in the housing. The electrochromic device 100 can be directly arranged on the outer surface of the housing, and the electrochromic device 100 is electrically connected to the main board in the housing; the electrochromic device 100 may also be disposed on the inner surface of the housing, the electrochromic device 100 is electrically connected to a main board in the housing, the housing is provided with a light exit hole facing the electrochromic device 100, and a transparent sheet is disposed in the light exit hole.

Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 6 together, fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing the electrochromic device 100 according to the present application. A method of making an electrochromic device 100, comprising the steps of:

s1, providing three transparent glass substrates, plating ITO on one side of each transparent glass substrate, and then plating a first electrode 240, a common electrode 510, and a second electrode 550 on the ITO of the three transparent glass substrates, respectively, to form a first transparent conductive layer 24, a second transparent conductive layer 51, and a third transparent conductive layer 55; specifically, ITO is plated on the upper surface 2423 of the transparent base layer 242 and the first electrode 240 is plated on the ITO to form the first transparent conductive layer 24, ITO is plated on the upper surface 5123 of the transparent base layer 512 and the common electrode 510 is plated on the ITO to form the second transparent conductive layer 51, ITO is plated on the lower surface 5521 of the transparent base layer 552 and the second electrode 550 is plated on the ITO to form the third transparent conductive layer 55;

s2, attaching the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 26 to the working surface of the first electrode 240, and then, sandwiching the first transparent conductive layer 24 and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 26 between the first transparent non-conductive substrate 22 and the second transparent non-conductive substrate 28, and then, curing; specifically, the lower surface 261 of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 26 is attached to the upper surface 2423 of the first transparent conductive layer 24, the lower surface 2421 of the first transparent conductive layer 24 is attached to the upper surface 223 of the first transparent non-conductive substrate 22, the upper surface 283 of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 26 is attached to the lower surface of the second transparent non-conductive substrate 28, and then curing is performed;

s3, attaching two opposite sides of the electrochromic material layer 53 to the second transparent conductive layer 51 and the third transparent conductive layer 55, respectively, so that the common electrode 510 and the second electrode 550 are located at two opposite sides of the electrochromic material layer 53, respectively; specifically, the lower surface 531 and the upper surface 533 of the electrochromic material layer 53 are respectively attached to the upper surface 5123 of the second transparent conductive layer 51 and the lower surface 5521 of the third transparent conductive layer 55, so that the common electrode 510 and the second electrode 550 are respectively located at opposite sides of the electrochromic material layer 53;

s4, attaching the side of the second transparent conductive layer 51 away from the common electrode 510 to the second transparent non-conductive substrate 28, and attaching the side of the third transparent conductive layer 55 away from the second electrode 550 to the third transparent non-conductive substrate 57, then curing, and then sealing the edges. Specifically, the lower surface 5121 of the second transparent conductive layer 51 is attached to the upper surface 283 of the second transparent non-conductive substrate 28, the upper surface 5523 of the third transparent conductive layer 55 is attached to the lower surface 571 of the third transparent non-conductive substrate 57, and then curing and frame sealing are performed on the edges of the cured layers, so as to obtain the required electrochromic device 100 based on polymer dispersed liquid crystal, in which PDLC and organic electrochromic are combined.

The principle and the implementation of the present application are explained herein by applying specific examples, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of the present application; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims (13)

1. An electrochromic device based on polymer dispersed liquid crystal, comprising:

a polymer dispersed liquid crystal device; and

an electrochromic device stacked on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal device and the electrochromic device sharing a common electrode.

2. The electrochromic device according to claim 1, wherein the electrochromic device comprises, in order from bottom to top, a first transparent nonconductive substrate, a first transparent conductive layer laminated to the first transparent nonconductive substrate, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer laminated to the first transparent conductive layer, a second transparent nonconductive substrate laminated to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, a second transparent conductive layer laminated to the second transparent nonconductive substrate, an electrochromic material layer laminated to the second transparent conductive layer, a third transparent conductive layer laminated to the electrochromic material layer, and a third transparent nonconductive substrate laminated to the third transparent conductive layer, the second transparent conductive layer comprising the common electrode, the first transparent conductive layer comprising a first electrode, the third transparent conductive layer comprising a second electrode, the first electrode and the common electrode are conducted through the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, and the second electrode and the common electrode are conducted through the electrochromic material layer.

3. The electrochromic device according to claim 2, wherein said polymer dispersed liquid crystal device shares a second transparent non-conductive substrate with said electrochromic device.

4. The electrochromic device according to claim 2, wherein said polymer dispersed liquid crystal device comprises said first transparent non-conductive substrate, said first transparent conductive layer, said polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer, said second transparent non-conductive substrate, and a second transparent conductive layer; the electrochromic device includes the second transparent non-conductive substrate, the second transparent conductive layer, the electrochromic material layer, the third transparent conductive layer, and the third transparent non-conductive substrate.

5. The electrochromic device according to claim 2, wherein said common electrode is provided on a side of said second transparent conductive layer facing said electrochromic material layer, and said second electrode is provided on a side of said third transparent conductive layer facing said electrochromic material layer.

6. The electrochromic device according to claim 2, wherein said common electrode and said first electrode constitute a pair of electrodes of said polymer dispersed liquid crystal device; the common electrode and the second electrode constitute a pair of electrodes of the electrochromic device.

7. The electrochromic device according to claim 2, wherein said common electrode is electrically connected to a positive or negative pole of a power source, and wherein said first electrode and said second electrode are both connected to a negative pole of said power source when said common electrode is electrically connected to a positive pole of a power source; when the common electrode is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the power supply, the first electrode and the second electrode are both connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and the voltage between the common electrode and the first electrode is different from the voltage between the common electrode and the second electrode.

8. The electrochromic device according to claim 2, wherein the common electrode is a counter electrode of the electrochromic device and the second electrode is a working electrode; or the common electrode is a working electrode of the electrochromic device, and the second electrode is a counter electrode.

9. The electrochromic device according to claim 2, wherein the first, second and third transparent conductive layers are all conductive glass.

10. The electrochromic device according to claim 9, wherein the conductive glass comprises ITO conductive glass, FTO conductive glass, or AIO conductive glass.

11. The electrochromic device according to claim 2, wherein said polymer dispersed liquid crystal device operates independently of said electrochromic device to achieve haze switching and color change.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that it comprises an electrochromic device according to any one of claims 1-11.

13. A method of making an electrochromic device, comprising the steps of:

providing three transparent glass substrates, plating ITO on one surface of each transparent glass substrate, and plating a first electrode, a common electrode and a second electrode on the ITO of the three transparent glass substrates respectively to form a first transparent conductive layer, a second transparent conductive layer and a third transparent conductive layer;

the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is attached to the working surface of the first electrode, the first transparent conductive layer and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer are clamped by the first transparent non-conductive substrate and the second transparent non-conductive substrate, and then curing is carried out;

respectively attaching two opposite side surfaces of the electrochromic material layer to a second transparent conducting layer and a third transparent conducting layer, so that the common electrode and the second electrode are respectively positioned at two opposite sides of the electrochromic material layer;

and attaching the side surface of the second transparent conducting layer, which is deviated from the common electrode, to a second transparent non-conducting substrate, attaching the side surface of the third transparent conducting layer, which is deviated from the second electrode, to a third transparent non-conducting substrate, then curing, and then sealing the frame of the edge of the third transparent conducting layer.

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