CN112833326A - Metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system based on hydrogenation station - Google Patents
Metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system based on hydrogenation station Download PDFInfo
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- CN112833326A CN112833326A CN202011615116.8A CN202011615116A CN112833326A CN 112833326 A CN112833326 A CN 112833326A CN 202011615116 A CN202011615116 A CN 202011615116A CN 112833326 A CN112833326 A CN 112833326A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system based on a hydrogenation station, which comprises a pressurizing preheating heat-taking unit and a hydrogen storage unit, wherein the pressurizing preheating heat-taking unit comprises a hydrogen compressor, a preheater, an inlet filter and a cooler and is placed in a hydrogenation plant, and the hydrogen storage unit is a skid-mounted hydrogen storage unit and comprises a hydrogen storage tank, a heating medium buffer tank, a heating medium circulating pump, a switching valve, a heater, a control system, a distribution box and an outlet filter. The metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system can store and transport hydrogen at normal temperature and normal pressure, the hydrogen reaching the standard in a hydrogenation factory enters a hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen storage unit through a hydrogen compressor, a preheater and an inlet filter, the hydrogen and the hydrogen storage medium generate metal hydride and release heat, the heat is taken away by a circulating heat medium to protect the safety of the hydrogen storage medium, the heat carried by the heat medium is finally taken out of the system by a cooler, the hydrogen storage unit is transported to a hydrogen charging station or a hydrogen using unit, and the hydrogen storage unit can realize the stable release of the hydrogen only by electric power.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage and transportation, and particularly relates to a metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system based on a hydrogenation station, which can be widely applied to the fields of hydrogenation stations and other hydrogen storage and transportation.
Background
The hydrogen is used as an ideal energy carrier, is colorless, tasteless and nontoxic, has the characteristics of high energy density, high conversion efficiency, rich reserves, wide application range and the like, and is considered as the future of clean energy. The hydrogen storage and transportation system is used as an infrastructure for filling fuel required by a fuel cell automobile and has an important position in the hydrogen energy industry.
The hydrogen storage technology is divided into three categories according to the existence form of hydrogen: gaseous storage, liquid storage and solid storage. Mainly comprises high-pressure hydrogen storage, low-temperature liquefied hydrogen storage, organic liquid hydrogen storage, ammonia hydrogen storage, metal hydride hydrogen storage, adsorption hydrogen storage and other hydrogen storage technologies. In the storage, transportation and filling technology of the hydrogenation station, the hydrogen storage and transportation technology which is the main technology of the hydrogenation station in the world at present is high-pressure hydrogen storage. Although the high-pressure hydrogen storage equipment has the advantages of simple structure, low preparation energy consumption, capability of realizing rapid charging and discharging and the like, the high-pressure hydrogen storage density is low, the equipment is heavy, and the storage and transportation efficiency is low, so that the storage and transportation efficiency is difficult to realize due to the bottleneck of the high-pressure hydrogen storage when the daily hydrogen addition exceeds 1000 kg/d.
The metal hydride has high mass and volume hydrogen storage densities (e.g. the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material has a mass hydrogen storage density of 7.6% and a volume hydrogen storage density of 110 kg/m)3) The method has the advantages of high hydrogenation and hydrogen release speed, normal-temperature and normal-pressure storage, convenient transportation, recycling and recoverability, and the three wastes are not generated in the preparation process basically. In the relevant documents published in domestic publications, the relevant research on hydrogen storage materials and adsorption and purification hydrogen skids is mainly related, but the relevant research on a metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system comprising a pressurization preheating heat extraction unit and a hydrogen storage unit is not reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The skid-mounted metal hydride hydrogen storage system is provided for solving the problems of low hydrogen storage density, high long-distance transportation cost and the like in hydrogen storage and transportation through high-pressure equipment such as a long-tube trailer at present, is controllable in hydrogenation and hydrogen release, is convenient and quick to operate and is good in economy, and can guarantee safe storage and transportation of hydrogen.
The metal hydride hydrogen storage system comprises a pressurizing preheating heat-taking unit and a hydrogen storage unit, wherein the pressurizing preheating heat-taking unit comprises a hydrogen compressor, a preheater, a cooler and an inlet filter; the hydrogen storage unit comprises a hydrogen storage tank, a heating medium buffer tank, a heating medium circulating pump, a switching valve, an outlet filter, a heater, a control system and a distribution box; hydrogen reaching the standard in a hydrogenation factory enters a hydrogen storage tank of a hydrogen storage unit through a hydrogen compressor, a preheater and an inlet filter, the hydrogen and a hydrogen storage medium generate metal hydride and release heat, the heat is taken away by a circulating heat medium to protect the safety of the hydrogen storage medium, and the heat carried by the heat medium is finally taken out of the system by a cooler; the hydrogen storage unit is transported to a hydrogen filling station or a hydrogen using unit, and the hydrogen storage unit can realize the stable release of hydrogen only by electric power.
Further, a pressurizing preheating heat-taking unit is placed in a hydrogenation plant; the hydrogen storage unit is a skid-mounted device, facilitates vehicle transportation, and has the functions of hydrogenation and hydrogen release.
Furthermore, a heat exchange system is arranged in the hydrogen storage tank, and a flowing heating medium is arranged in a heat exchange pipeline of the heat exchange system. In the hydrogenation process of the hydrogen storage medium, the released heat can be taken out of the hydrogen storage tank by the heat medium in the heat exchange pipeline, so that the safety of the hydrogen storage medium is ensured; in the hydrogen storage medium hydrogen discharging process, the heat medium brings external heat into the hydrogen storage tank, and the hydrogen storage medium is uniformly heated to discharge hydrogen.
Further, set up safe relief system on the hydrogen storage tank, install safety valve or safety relief devices such as rupture disk on the hydrogen storage tank, carry out the high point when hydrogen storage tank internal pressure surpasss design pressure and release to ensure hydrogen storage tank's safety.
Furthermore, when the safety discharge system of the hydrogen storage tank is a safety valve, a discharge pipeline of the safety valve is provided with an interface on the hydrogen storage unit. In the hydrogenation process of a hydrogen storage unit in a hydrogenation plant, a relief valve discharge pipeline needs to be connected with a flare pipe network of the plant; at the hydrogen refueling station, a safety valve discharge pipeline needs to be connected with a safety discharge bus of the hydrogen refueling station to ensure the safe discharge of overpressure hydrogen.
Furthermore, a temperature control system is arranged on the hydrogen storage unit, 3-4 remote temperature meters and field temperature meters are uniformly distributed on different hydrogen storage layers on the hydrogen storage tank so as to detect the temperature of hydrogen storage media with different depths at different layers, and a multi-section temperature detection control device is arranged on a heater of the hydrogen storage unit. In the hydrogenation process, when the temperature in the hydrogen storage tank exceeds the preset temperature, the control device can increase the heat medium circulation amount and reduce the hydrogen inlet amount, and the stable operation of the hydrogenation process is ensured. In the hydrogen releasing process, the control device controls the heating power of the hydrogen storage unit heater through the set temperature of the hydrogen storage tank, and the stable release of hydrogen is ensured.
Furthermore, a pressure control system is arranged on the hydrogen storage unit to control the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank within a set range.
Furthermore, a switching valve is arranged on the hydrogen storage unit, the switching valve is closed in the hydrogenation process of a hydrogenation plant, and a heating medium enters a cooler of the pressurizing preheating heat extraction unit under the action of a heating medium circulating pump, so that the external circulation of the hydrogen storage unit of the heating medium is realized. When the hydrogen station discharges hydrogen, the heat medium system is closed outwards, the switching valve is opened, and the internal circulation of the heat medium in the hydrogen storage unit is realized under the action of the heat medium circulating pump.
Furthermore, an inlet filter is arranged on the pressurizing preheating heat-taking unit to prevent impurities in the raw material hydrogen from entering the hydrogen storage unit.
Further, an outlet filter is arranged on the hydrogen storage unit to prevent powder generated by the hydrogen storage medium from entering the product hydrogen.
Furthermore, the heater on the hydrogen storage unit is selected from resistance heating, induction heating and other equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the skid-mounted metal hydride hydrogen storage system provided by the invention can be used for controlling hydrogenation and hydrogen desorption, is convenient and quick to operate and has good economical efficiency, and can ensure the safe storage and transportation of hydrogen.
2. The metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system can finish the storage of hydrogen only by a hydrogen compressor, a preheater, an inlet filter and a cooler in a hydrogenation plant, the hydrogen storage unit is transported to a hydrogenation station or a hydrogen utilization unit, and the hydrogen storage unit can realize the stable release of the hydrogen only by electric power.
3. The metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system has the advantages of high mass hydrogen storage density and volume hydrogen storage density, high hydrogenation and hydrogen discharge speed, normal-temperature and normal-pressure storage, convenient transportation, recycling and recoverability, and basically no three wastes are generated in the preparation process.
4. The hydrogen storage unit of the invention has few external connecting pipelines and circuits, and only needs to be connected with a hydrogen inlet pipeline and a heating medium external circulation pipeline in the hydrogenation stage; only a hydrogen outlet pipeline is connected in the hydrogen discharging stage; the pipeline connection is convenient and fast, and the leakage risk can be effectively reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings to which the embodiments relate will be briefly described below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogenation process of a hydrogen storage and transportation system, wherein a hydrogen storage tank 1, a heating medium buffer tank 2, a heating medium circulating pump 3, a heater 4, a switching valve 5, a control system 6, a distribution box 7, an outlet filter 8, a hydrogen compressor 9, a preheater 10, a cooler 11 and an inlet filter 12 are arranged in the hydrogenation process.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen discharge process of a hydrogen storage and transportation system, wherein the hydrogen storage tank 1, the heating medium buffer tank 2, the heating medium circulating pump 3, the heater 4, the switching valve 5, the control system 6, the distribution box 7 and the outlet filter 8 are arranged in the hydrogen storage and transportation system.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and it is obvious that the examples in the following description are only some examples of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other similar examples without inventive exercise and falling into the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the metal hydride hydrogen storage system of the present invention comprises a pressure-increasing preheating heat-extracting unit and a hydrogen storage unit, wherein the pressure-increasing preheating heat-extracting unit comprises a hydrogen compressor (9), a preheater (10), a cooler (11) and an inlet filter (12), and the hydrogen storage unit comprises a hydrogen storage tank (1), a heating medium buffer tank (2), a heating medium circulating pump (3), a heater (4), a switching valve (5), an outlet filter (8), a control system (6) and a distribution box (7). The specific working process is as follows:
in the hydrogenation process, the hydrogen storage unit is transported to a hydrogenation plant and is connected with a hydrogen compressor (9), a preheater (10), a cooler (11) and an inlet filter (12) (a pressurizing preheating heat extraction unit) arranged in the hydrogenation plant, a safety valve is connected with a torch system and is connected with a distribution box, the hydrogen storage unit is grounded, a switching valve is closed, after the check is correct, a heat medium circulating pump is opened to establish heat medium external circulation, the hydrogen compressor is opened, the hydrogen is compressed to 2.0-2.2MPa by the hydrogen compressor and then enters the preheater, the preheater can heat the hydrogen to 200-220 ℃ through steam, heat conduction oil or other heating technologies and then enters a hydrogen storage tank, and the operating pressure of the hydrogen storage tank is stabilized at 2.0-2.2 MPa. The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank reacts with the hydrogen storage medium and releases heat, and the heat is taken away by the heating medium and enters the hydrogen storage tank again after being cooled in the cooler. When the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank is continuously reduced, namely the hydrogenation reaction is finished, the hydrogen compressor is shut down, the hydrogen storage tank reaches the set temperature, the heating medium circulating pump is shut down, the residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is recycled (the residual hydrogen can also be transported under pressure), the corresponding valve is closed, the connecting pipeline, the cable and the grounding wire are disassembled, and the hydrogen storage tank is transported to a hydrogenation station or other hydrogen utilization places by vehicles.
At a hydrogen station or a hydrogen using place, a hydrogen outlet pipeline is connected, a safety valve discharge pipeline is connected, a cable is connected, a grounding wire is connected, a switching valve is opened, a heat medium circulating pump is started, the temperature of a hydrogen storage tank is controlled at 320 ℃ along with 300 ℃ by adjusting the power of a heater, and the stable release of hydrogen is ensured. And (5) after the hydrogen is released, closing related valves, disassembling pipelines, cables and grounding wires, and transporting to a hydrogenation factory for continuous hydrogenation.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system based on a hydrogenation station is characterized by comprising a pressurizing preheating heat-taking unit and a hydrogen storage unit, wherein the pressurizing preheating heat-taking unit comprises a hydrogen compressor, a preheater, a cooler and an inlet filter; the hydrogen storage unit comprises a hydrogen storage tank, a heating medium buffer tank, a heating medium circulating pump, a switching valve, an outlet filter, a heater, a control system and a distribution box.
2. The hydrogen refueling station based metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressurized preheat heat removal unit is located at a hydrogenation plant; the hydrogen storage unit is a skid-mounted device and has the functions of hydrogenation and hydrogen release.
3. The refueling station-based metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein a heat exchange system is arranged in the hydrogen storage tank, and a heat exchange pipeline of the heat exchange system is filled with a flowing heating medium for heat extraction and heat release.
4. The hydrogen refueling station based metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system as claimed in claim 3, wherein a safety relief device is provided on the hydrogen storage tank.
5. The refueling station-based metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 4, wherein a temperature control system is arranged on the hydrogen storage unit to ensure safe operation of hydrogenation and hydrogen discharge.
6. The refueling station-based metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system as claimed in claim 5, wherein a pressure control system is arranged on the hydrogen storage unit to ensure safe operation of hydrogenation and hydrogen discharge.
7. The refueling station-based metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the hydrogen storage unit is provided with a switching valve for switching the internal and external circulation of the heating medium during the hydrogenation and the hydrogen discharge.
8. The refueling station based metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein the pressurized pre-heating and heat removal unit is provided with an inlet filter, and the hydrogen storage unit is provided with an outlet filter.
9. The refueling station-based metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the hydrogen storage unit is connected only to the hydrogen inlet line and the heat medium external circulation line in the hydrogenation stage; in the hydrogen discharging stage, only a hydrogen outlet pipeline is connected, and the pipeline connection mode is quick connector connection.
10. The hydrogen fueling station-based metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system of claim 9, wherein the heater on the hydrogen storage unit is a resistance heater or an induction heater.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011615116.8A CN112833326A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system based on hydrogenation station |
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| CN202011615116.8A CN112833326A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Metal hydride hydrogen storage and transportation system based on hydrogenation station |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115059871A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-09-16 | 北京大学 | Method and device for measuring temperature in hydrogen storage tank |
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| CN209943985U (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2020-01-14 | 北京海珀尔氢能科技有限公司 | Skid-mounted hydrogenation station |
| CN111006127A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-04-14 | 江苏集萃安泰创明先进能源材料研究院有限公司 | Hydrogenation station taking industrial high-pressure composite metal hydride hydrogen storage system as hydrogen source |
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2020
- 2020-12-30 CN CN202011615116.8A patent/CN112833326A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE102007059087A1 (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2009-06-10 | Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Gmbh | A method of refueling a metal hydride reservoir of a submarine with hydrogen |
| CN204118188U (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2015-01-21 | 中盈长江国际新能源投资有限公司 | Integrated form Hydrogen Energy produces storage and recycling device |
| CN207599338U (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-07-10 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Hydrogen discharges system and fuel cell system and hydrogenation stations |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115059871A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-09-16 | 北京大学 | Method and device for measuring temperature in hydrogen storage tank |
| CN115059871B (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2023-09-01 | 北京大学 | Method and device for measuring temperature in hydrogen storage tank |
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Application publication date: 20210525 |