CN112830851A - Biological fertilizer suitable for planting high-protein crops and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a biological fertilizer suitable for planting high-protein crops, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 155-230 parts of chicken manure, 45-60 parts of vinasse, 280-335 parts of sweet potato straws, 150-210 parts of fresh pumpkin stems, 150 parts of fresh white radish leaves, 1.2-1.4 parts of composite biological bacteria, 230 parts of pond sludge, 105-120 parts of peanut shell powder, 61-63 parts of bacteriostatic agent, 200 parts of plant ash, 20-25 parts of amino acid fertilizer, 15-20 parts of calcium superphosphate and 30-40 parts of yeast. The biological activity of the biological fertilizer and the biological properties of the soil are improved through the compound biological bacteria and the biological raw materials fermented for multiple times, and the incidence rate of the high-protein crop pests and diseases is reduced; the bacteriostatic agent, the plant ash, the amino acid fertilizer and the calcium superphosphate are mixed and stirred uniformly, so that the soil can be loosened, the water retention, the fertilizer retention and the ventilation are facilitated, the growth and the development of plant root systems are promoted, the protein content is promoted, the bacterial growth of the biological fertilizer is inhibited by the bacteriostatic agent, and the long-acting effect of the fertilizer is improved.

Description

Biological fertilizer suitable for planting high-protein crops and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a biological fertilizer suitable for planting high-protein crops and a preparation method thereof.

Background

High-protein crops such as peanuts, soybeans, corns and the like are rich in nutritional ingredients such as protein, fat, sugar, vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin E, vitamin K, mineral calcium, phosphorus, iron and the like, contain 8 amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids required by human bodies, contain lecithin, choline, carotene, crude fiber and other substances, are important oil crops, economic crops and export agricultural products in China, and have very large market demand.

However, in the growth process of high-protein crops, underground insect pests are often flooded, and in addition, the fertilizer is improperly used, so that the nutrient absorption capacity of the high-protein crop plants is weak, the disease resistance capacity is low, and the high-protein crop plants grow slowly, are poor in nutrition and reduce in yield. Therefore, according to the characteristics of fertilizer requirement of high-protein crops, the special fertilizer which has comprehensive nutrients and good slow release performance, can fully meet the requirement of the high-protein crops on the nutrients, exerts the fertilizer effect to the maximum extent and improves the yield and the quality of the high-protein crops is particularly urgent.

The role of the microbial fertilizer as an important agricultural technical measure in the development of high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency agriculture is increasingly recognized, which provides a considerable development space for the development, popularization and application of the microbial fertilizer, particularly the irreplaceability in the development of organic agriculture and the production of multi-A-level green food, and fully embodies the potential charm of the microbial fertilizer. However, the existing microbial fertilizer has the problems of higher acquisition cost, more times of culture and experiment of the fertilizer, substandard effective bacteria number and short shelf life, so that the application effect is unstable.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a biofertilizer suitable for planting high-protein crops and a preparation method thereof, wherein the biofertilizer capable of increasing the yield of the high-protein crops is prepared from fertilizer preparation raw materials available in a farm, so that the cost is reduced, the effective flora of the fertilizer can be increased, the soil structure is improved, the shelf life of the fertilizer body is prolonged, and insect pests are effectively inhibited.

Based on the above purpose, the embodiment of the invention provides a biological fertilizer suitable for planting high-protein crops, wherein the biological fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

155-230 parts of chicken manure, 45-60 parts of vinasse, 280-335 parts of sweet potato straws, 150-210 parts of fresh pumpkin stems, 150 parts of fresh white radish leaves, 1.2-1.4 parts of composite biological bacteria, 230 parts of pond sludge, 105-120 parts of peanut shell powder, 61-63 parts of bacteriostatic agent, 200 parts of plant ash, 20-25 parts of amino acid fertilizer, 15-20 parts of calcium superphosphate and 30-40 parts of yeast.

Preferably, the composite biological bacteria consist of the following biological bacteria by weight: b, bacillus megaterium: arthrobacter attorne group: the Lancifera saccharum Lancifera is 4.3-4.8:3.2-4.4: 5.8-6.5.

Preferably, the bacteriostatic agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.42-0.44 part of sodium benzoate aqueous solution, 0.23-0.25 part of carbendazim, 0.21-0.23 part of physcion and 230 parts of water.

Preferably, the colony number in the compound biological bacteria is 50-65 hundred million/g.

In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a preparation method of the above biofertilizer suitable for planting high-protein crops, which specifically includes the following steps:

(1) putting fresh pumpkin vine, sweet potato straw and fresh white radish leaf into a grinder with the rotation speed of about 880r/min for grinding for 15 min;

(2) pouring the vinasse and the yeast into the powder obtained in the step (1), fermenting for 190-220h under the condition that the temperature is 38-40 ℃, and stirring once every 36h during the fermentation to obtain fermented powder;

(3) adding chicken manure crushed into powder into the fermentation powder, mixing and stirring uniformly with composite biological bacteria, crushing dried fishpond sludge into powder, adding, adjusting the fermentation temperature to be 32-40 ℃, continuing to ferment for 95-100 h, and stirring once every 36h to obtain a fermented fertilizer;

(4) and mixing and stirring the fermented fertilizer, the peanut shell powder, the bacteriostatic agent, the plant ash, the amino acid fertilizer and the calcium superphosphate uniformly, and granulating to obtain the organic biofertilizer suitable for planting high-protein crops.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the biological fertilizer suitable for planting high-protein crops provided by the invention is balanced and complete in nutrients and lasting in fertilizer efficiency, and is treated for one-time fermentation firstly, so that long chains of cellulose and lignin of fresh pumpkin vines, sweet potato straws and fresh white radish leaves are easy to break, and microbial degradation is facilitated; then composite biological bacteria, chicken manure powder and fish pond sludge powder are added for processing and secondary fermentation, so that lignin and cellulose contained in vines and straws can be completely degraded, the straw decomposition efficiency is greatly improved, the biological activity of a biological fertilizer is improved, the biological character of soil can be improved, and a metabolite generated by microbial propagation can improve the rhizosphere ecological environment of crops, prevent diseases and resist bacteria, kill insects and expel insects, and reduce the incidence rate of high-protein crop weed and plant diseases and insect pests; and finally, uniformly mixing and stirring the fertilizer obtained by fermentation with peanut shell powder, a bacteriostatic agent, plant ash, an amino acid fertilizer and calcium superphosphate, increasing the granular structure of soil, loosening the soil, reducing hardening, facilitating water retention, fertilizer retention, ventilation, promotion of root growth and development of high-protein crop plants, and promotion of protein content.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will describe specific embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the embodiments described below are only examples of the present invention, and that other embodiments can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive step.

The embodiment of the invention provides a biological fertilizer suitable for planting high-protein crops, and the biological fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

155 parts of chicken manure, 45 parts of vinasse, 280 parts of sweet potato straws, 150 parts of fresh pumpkin stems and 130 parts of fresh white radish leaves (the raw materials of the components can be finely adjusted according to different seasons and are not limited to the components);

1.2 parts of composite biological bacteria, 110 parts of fishpond sludge, 120 parts of peanut shell powder 105-containing materials and 61-63 parts of bacteriostatic agent;

135 parts of plant ash, 21 parts of amino acid fertilizer, 15 parts of calcium superphosphate and 35 parts of yeast.

Preferably, the composite biological bacteria consist of the following biological bacteria by weight: b, bacillus megaterium: arthrobacter attorne group: the rare sugarcane is 4.3:3.2: 5.8.

Preferably, the bacteriostatic agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.42 part of sodium benzoate aqueous solution, 0.23 part of carbendazim, 0.21 part of physcion and 180 parts of water.

Preferably, the number of colonies in the complex biological bacteria is 50 hundred million/g.

Through the embodiment, ready-made multi-fiber straws or vine crops discarded by farms or farmers can be fully utilized, the cost of the fertilizer is reduced, meanwhile, the biological activity of the biological fertilizer is improved through the mixing of microbial bacteria and bacteriostat and the addition of plant ash and peanut shell powder, the biological characters of soil can be improved, and the metabolic products generated by the propagation of the microbes can improve the ecological environment of the rhizosphere of the crops, prevent diseases, resist bacteria, kill insects, expel insects and reduce the incidence of plant diseases and insect pests of high-protein crops; and finally, uniformly mixing and stirring the fertilizer obtained by fermentation with peanut shell powder, a bacteriostatic agent, plant ash, an amino acid fertilizer and calcium superphosphate, increasing the granular structure of soil, loosening the soil, reducing hardening, facilitating water retention, fertilizer retention, ventilation and promotion of root system growth and development of high-protein crop plants, enhancing the metabolism of the high-protein crop plants, improving the protein content, and simultaneously inhibiting the germ growth of a biological fertilizer by the bacteriostatic agent, resisting pathogenic bacteria and improving the long-acting effect of the fertilizer.

Example 2

158 parts of chicken manure, 47 parts of vinasse, 300 parts of sweet potato straws, 180 parts of fresh pumpkin vines, 135 parts of fresh white radish leaves, 1.2 parts of composite biological bacteria, 120 parts of fishpond sludge, 110 parts of peanut shell powder, 61 parts of bacteriostatic agent, 230 parts of plant ash, 22 parts of amino acid fertilizer, 17 parts of calcium superphosphate and 30 parts of yeast.

Preferably, the composite biological bacteria consist of the following biological bacteria by weight: b, bacillus megaterium: arthrobacter attorne group: hilsa saccharum-4.4: 3.4: 6.0.

Preferably, the bacteriostatic agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.43 part of sodium benzoate aqueous solution, 0.228 part of carbendazim, 0.225 part of physcion and 200 parts of water.

Preferably, the number of colonies in the complex biological bacteria is 58 hundred million/g.

Example 3

178 parts of chicken manure, 50 parts of vinasse, 320 parts of sweet potato straws, 190 parts of fresh pumpkin vines, 140 parts of fresh white radish leaves, 1.235 parts of composite biological bacteria, 123 parts of fishpond sludge, 110.6 parts of peanut shell powder, 61.83 parts of bacteriostatic agent, 130 parts of plant ash, 23 parts of amino acid fertilizer, 18 parts of calcium superphosphate and 35 parts of yeast.

Preferably, the composite biological bacteria consist of the following biological bacteria by weight: b, bacillus megaterium: arthrobacter attorne group: the rare sugarcane is 4.6:3.6: 5.9.

Preferably, the bacteriostatic agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.4284 parts of sodium benzoate aqueous solution, 0.2315 parts of carbendazim, 0.218 part of physcion and 195 parts of water.

Preferably, the number of colonies in the complex biological bacteria is 59 hundred million/g.

Example 4

200 parts of chicken manure, 58 parts of vinasse, 315 parts of sweet potato straw, 198 parts of fresh pumpkin vine, 145 parts of fresh white radish leaf, 1.35 parts of composite biological bacteria, 200 parts of fishpond sludge, 110 parts of peanut shell powder, 62.5 parts of bacteriostatic agent, 200 parts of plant ash, 25 parts of amino acid fertilizer, 19 parts of calcium superphosphate and 38 parts of yeast.

Preferably, the composite biological bacteria consist of the following biological bacteria by weight: b, bacillus megaterium: arthrobacter attorne group: the rare sugarcane is 4.6:3.9: 6.0.

Preferably, the bacteriostatic agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.42-0.44 part of sodium benzoate aqueous solution, 0.23-0.25 part of carbendazim, 0.21-0.23 part of physcion and 230 parts of water.

Preferably, the colony number in the compound biological bacteria is 50-65 hundred million/g.

In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a preparation method of the above biofertilizer suitable for planting high-protein crops, which specifically includes the following steps:

(1) putting fresh pumpkin vine, sweet potato straw and fresh white radish leaf into a grinder with the rotation speed of about 880r/min for grinding for 15 min;

(2) pouring the vinasse and the yeast into the powder obtained in the step (1), fermenting for 190-220h under the condition that the temperature is 38-40 ℃, and stirring once every 36h during the fermentation to obtain fermented powder;

(3) adding chicken manure crushed into powder into the fermentation powder, mixing and stirring uniformly with composite biological bacteria, crushing dried fishpond sludge into powder, adding, adjusting the fermentation temperature to be 32-40 ℃, continuing to ferment for 95-100 h, and stirring once every 36h to obtain a fermented fertilizer;

(4) and mixing and stirring the fermented fertilizer, the peanut shell powder, the bacteriostatic agent, the plant ash, the amino acid fertilizer and the calcium superphosphate uniformly, and granulating to obtain the organic biofertilizer suitable for planting high-protein crops.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the biological fertilizer suitable for planting high-protein crops provided by the invention is balanced and complete in nutrients and lasting in fertilizer efficiency, and is treated for one-time fermentation firstly, so that long chains of cellulose and lignin of fresh pumpkin vines, sweet potato straws and fresh white radish leaves are easy to break, and microbial degradation is facilitated; then composite biological bacteria, chicken manure powder and fish pond sludge powder are added for processing and secondary fermentation, so that lignin and cellulose contained in vines and straws can be completely degraded, the straw decomposition efficiency is greatly improved, the biological activity of a biological fertilizer is improved, the biological character of soil can be improved, and a metabolite generated by microbial propagation can improve the rhizosphere ecological environment of crops, prevent diseases and resist bacteria, kill insects and expel insects, and reduce the incidence rate of high-protein crop weed and plant diseases and insect pests; and finally, uniformly mixing and stirring the fertilizer obtained by fermentation with peanut shell powder, a bacteriostatic agent, plant ash, an amino acid fertilizer and calcium superphosphate, increasing the granular structure of soil, loosening the soil, reducing hardening, facilitating water retention, fertilizer retention, ventilation and promotion of root system growth and development of high-protein crop plants, enhancing the metabolism of the high-protein crop plants, improving the protein content, and simultaneously inhibiting the germ growth of a biological fertilizer by the bacteriostatic agent, resisting pathogenic bacteria and improving the long-acting effect of the fertilizer.

The system embodiments described above are merely illustrative and can be understood and implemented by those skilled in the art without inventive effort. Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, but not for limiting the same, and the above embodiments can be freely combined as required; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Without departing from the principle of the invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. The biological fertilizer suitable for planting the high-protein crops is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

155-230 parts of chicken manure, 45-60 parts of vinasse, 280-335 parts of sweet potato straws, 150-210 parts of fresh pumpkin stems, 150 parts of fresh white radish leaves, 1.2-1.4 parts of composite biological bacteria, 230 parts of pond sludge, 105-120 parts of peanut shell powder, 61-63 parts of bacteriostatic agent, 200 parts of plant ash, 20-25 parts of amino acid fertilizer, 15-20 parts of calcium superphosphate and 30-40 parts of yeast.

2. The biofertilizer suitable for high protein crop planting according to claim 1, wherein the composite biological bacteria comprises the following biological bacteria by weight: b, bacillus megaterium: arthrobacter attorne group: the Lancifera saccharum Lancifera is 4.3-4.8:3.2-4.4: 5.8-6.5.

3. The biofertilizer suitable for high protein crop planting according to claim 1, wherein the bacteriostatic agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.42-0.44 part of sodium benzoate aqueous solution, 0.23-0.25 part of carbendazim, 0.21-0.23 part of physcion and 230 parts of water.

4. The biofertilizer suitable for planting high-protein crops as claimed in claim 2, wherein the number of bacterial colonies in the composite biological bacteria is 50-65 hundred million/g.

5. The preparation method of the biofertilizer suitable for high-protein crop planting according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) putting fresh pumpkin vine, sweet potato straw and fresh white radish leaf into a grinder with the rotation speed of about 880r/min for grinding for 15 min;

(2) pouring the vinasse and the yeast into the powder obtained in the step (1), fermenting for 190-220h under the condition that the temperature is 38-40 ℃, and stirring once every 36h during the fermentation to obtain fermented powder;

(3) adding chicken manure crushed into powder into the fermentation powder, mixing and stirring uniformly with composite biological bacteria, crushing dried fishpond sludge into powder, adding, adjusting the fermentation temperature to be 32-40 ℃, continuing to ferment for 95-100 h, and stirring once every 36h to obtain a fermented fertilizer;

(4) and mixing and stirring the fermented fertilizer, the peanut shell powder, the bacteriostatic agent, the plant ash, the amino acid fertilizer and the calcium superphosphate uniformly, and granulating to obtain the organic biofertilizer suitable for planting high-protein crops.