CN112830821A - Biomass and livestock and poultry manure coupling poly-generation method - Google Patents

Biomass and livestock and poultry manure coupling poly-generation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112830821A
CN112830821A CN202011635665.1A CN202011635665A CN112830821A CN 112830821 A CN112830821 A CN 112830821A CN 202011635665 A CN202011635665 A CN 202011635665A CN 112830821 A CN112830821 A CN 112830821A
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biogas
tank
manure
biogas slurry
straws
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朱建军
王强
张雁茹
吕英胜
周桓
乔志勇
鲁在利
张巍
高金锋
刘森
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NATIONAL BIO ENERGY GROUP CO LTD
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NATIONAL BIO ENERGY GROUP CO LTD
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/50—Carbon dioxide
    • C01B32/55—Solidifying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02—Biological treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02—Biological treatment
    • C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
    • C05F5/006—Waste from chemical processing of material, e.g. diestillation, roasting, cooking
    • C05F5/008—Waste from biochemical processing of material, e.g. fermentation, breweries
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • C05F9/04—Biological compost
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
    • C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
    • C10L3/103—Sulfur containing contaminants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
    • C10L3/106—Removal of contaminants of water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • F26B5/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum the process involving freezing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of biomass and livestock and poultry feces, and particularly relates to a straw and livestock and poultry feces coupling poly-generation method. The invention realizes the coupling and cyclic utilization of the straws and the livestock and poultry manure to generate electricity, heat, cold, methane and organic fertilizer, thereby realizing the harmless utilization of resources.

Description

Biomass and livestock and poultry manure coupling poly-generation method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of biomass and livestock and poultry manure, and particularly relates to a straw and livestock and poultry manure coupling poly-generation method.
Background
The livestock and poultry farms in China are numerous, the amount of produced excrement and sewage is large, a plurality of tons of waste substances cannot be effectively controlled, and a large part of waste substances are randomly discharged and permeate fields or rivers to pollute the living environment of people. Moreover, no clear policy is provided for managing the feces and garbage of livestock and poultry farms in China, so that the situation of disordered management of a plurality of breeding units appears. The traditional livestock and poultry manure treatment methods are also various, such as fertilizer, feed or other natural biological treatment methods. It is important to develop new technologies with higher performance, except that the methods are not feasible and practical, and the methods have more or less pollution problems.
The utilization rate of biomass resources which can be recycled in China is less than 8%, agricultural wastes are one of main factors of rural environmental pollution, for example, atmospheric environment is influenced by straw burning, but crop straws are one of the most potential raw materials in straw energy. Anaerobic fermentation is a process of finally producing carbon dioxide and methane through hydrolysis, fermentation acid production, hydrogen production and acetic acid production stages under the condition of lacking an inorganic electron acceptor, and is considered as an important way for recycling straws. Because the straw is lack of nitrogen source, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is balanced by adding raw materials such as livestock manure and the like in the biogas engineering for mixed fermentation, and the concentration of organic pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and the like in the generated biogas slurry is high. Although returning utilization is an effective biogas slurry reduction mode, due to the complex components of biogas slurry, the returning utilization is also influenced by various factors such as land bearing capacity, seasonal variation and the like, so that the biogas slurry cannot be fully consumed, and needs further harmless treatment.
The livestock and poultry manure can cause pollution to soil, environment and air, and the following problems can be caused during the treatment of the livestock and poultry manure: the livestock and poultry manure contains a large amount of bacteria, fungi and sporophytes, and part of the livestock and poultry manure also contains viruses and parasites, so that the livestock and poultry manure is not treated in place, and water sources, soil and air in a farm are easily polluted to cause the spread of pathogens; secondly, most of the livestock and poultry feed contains heavy metal elements such as iron, copper, zinc and manganese, and the heavy metal elements cannot be completely absorbed and utilized by livestock and poultry, can be discharged out of bodies when the livestock and poultry excrete feces and urine, and can cause serious pollution to water and suddenly. Thirdly, due to different absorption and utilization degrees of antibiotics by livestock and poultry and the fact that part of farmers lack professional knowledge, the antibiotics are abused, and part of antibiotics are discharged out of the body along with excretion of the livestock and poultry.
In order to solve the problems of low utilization rate of biomass resources and environmental pollution caused by livestock and poultry manure, a straw-livestock and poultry manure-biogas-organic fertilizer recycling mode is adopted, so that a green and waste-free county comprehensive energy service development mode of environmental protection, carbon emission reduction, clean energy and recycling agriculture is formed, and the problems of oil shortage and gas shortage in China are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a biomass and livestock and poultry manure coupling poly-generation method, and aims to generate electricity, heat, cold, gas and fertilizer by coupling straw and livestock and poultry manure, reduce ammonia nitrogen accumulation and viscosity and reduce suspended particles.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a biomass and livestock manure coupling poly-generation method comprises the following steps:
s1, straw combustion: crushing straws to 1cm, putting the straws into an acidification pool filled with organic acetobacter aceti, gram-negative bacilli, glucose oxidizing bacilli and trichoderma for hydrolysis acidification, sending the straws into a direct-combustion straw power generation water-cooling vibrating grate boiler, and combusting and generating power while providing steam and heat for the preparation of biogas;
s2, raw material pretreatment:
and (3) livestock and poultry manure: mixing livestock and poultry manure with backflow biogas slurry in a septic tank to homogenize the manure, enabling the mixed manure to automatically flow through a mechanical grid, further homogenizing the manure in a manure homogenizing tank, heating the manure to hydrolyze at 50-80 ℃ for 20-100 minutes, then enabling the manure to enter fermentation equipment to perform aerobic fermentation, adding Yurama sp, rapidly decomposing the manure within 1-2d, releasing heat of 50-60 ℃, and then supplying oxygen to the fermentation equipment through an air supply system, wherein the ventilation rate is 0.05-0.2 m3·(min·m3)-1Sufficiently fermenting and decomposing the excrement, maintaining for 5-7 days, and pumping the treated excrement to a CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank from an excrement feeding pool;
straw: pouring straws into a storage bin, conveying the straws into a crusher through a conveyor, conveying the crushed straws into a hydrolysis acidification tank through a conveying device, carrying out heating and micro-aerobic hydrolysis reaction on the straws in the hydrolysis acidification tank, wherein the hydrolysis temperature is 50-70 ℃, the hydrolysis time is 2-3d, blending and inoculating by using backflow biogas slurry, and uniformly conveying the treated straws into a CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank through a screw pump;
s3, anaerobic fermentation: the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank adopts medium-temperature anaerobic fermentation, the concentration of the raw material TS is 3% -15%, a temperature increasing device is arranged in the anaerobic fermentation tank, the temperature is set to be 38 ℃, the fermentation time is 25.9d, the stirring speed is 25rpm, the PH is 7, a heat source is provided for increasing the temperature of the materials in the tank by utilizing the cooling circulating water of a straw generator, the materials after the anaerobic fermentation are discharged from the reactor, and the generated biogas is collected from the top of the reactor;
s4, desulfurization: the biogas adopts alkaline biological desulfurization to desulfurize and purify the biogas, the volume load of the biological desulfurization is controlled to be 70-300 mg/(h.L), and S is fed2-The concentration is 85-90mg/L, the dissolved oxygen is 1.3-2.5mg/L, and H in the methane is extracted2Reducing the gas content of S to below 200pmm, removing water in the methane through a cold dry dehydrator, temporarily storing in a double-membrane dry gas storage cabinet, feeding part of the methane into a boiler to supply heat for the system, desulfurizing the rest part of the methane through a fine desulfurizing tower, and generating H in the methane through anaerobic fermentation2S is reduced to below 15 ppm;
s5, solid-liquid separation: the material after anaerobic fermentation is conveyed to a solid-liquid separator through a conveying pump for solid-liquid separation, solid particles are removed, the separated biogas slurry flows into a backflow liquid temporary storage tank, and biogas residues are conveyed to an organic fertilizer workshop through a belt for producing solid organic fertilizer; supernatant biogas slurry in the biogas slurry temporary storage tank flows into a pretreatment system as reflux biogas slurry, and a small amount of residual biogas slurry is conveyed into a biogas slurry sedimentation tank through a biogas slurry pump for sedimentation treatment and then enters the biogas slurry tank for producing liquid organic fertilizer; during separation, the overflowing biogas slurry enters an overflow liquid temporary storage pool and is pumped back to the solid-liquid separator again through a screw pump for separation;
s6, preparing natural gas: the desulfurized biogas is sequentially passed through a freeze dryer, a gas-water separator, an activated carbon desulfurization tower and a high-efficiency filter to remove saturated water vapor, hydrogen sulfide and dust particles, and is heated by a constant-temperature heater to obtain compressed biogas, and the compressed biogas uniformly enters a membrane separation system through a gas distribution pipeline to be separated, so that the biogas is prepared;
s7, refrigeration: adsorbing carbon dioxide from biogas by using a reversible carbon dioxide adsorbent, changing conditions to enable the carbon dioxide adsorbent to release carbon dioxide, condensing, feeding into a compressor, controlling the temperature and pressurizing to over 7Mpa, filling into a steel cylinder to obtain a liquid carbon dioxide product, feeding the liquid carbon dioxide into an expansion tank, reducing the pressure, cooling and expanding to obtain snowflake-shaped solid carbon dioxide, extruding snow powder into fine rods by adopting particle production equipment, cutting into particles, and finally extruding into finished dry ice.
S8, preparing fertilizer: solid organic fertilizer produced in an organic fertilizer workshop is crushed in a material crusher, ash slag generated after straw combustion and crushed organic fertilizer are added into a mixer, and then the mixture is granulated in a granulation machine, and is dried and cooled after being discharged to prepare the organic carbon fertilizer.
Furthermore, the straw is yellow stored straw or ensiled straw.
Further, the solid-liquid separator is a screw extruder.
Furthermore, the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank has 6 seats, and the volume of a single tank is 8000m3A process mode of two-stage series connection and same-stage parallel connection is adopted, wherein 3 first-stage tanks and 3 second-stage tanks are adopted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the straw is a clean fuel with little pollution, lignin is increased after the straw is hydrolyzed and acidified, the heat value is increased, the ash melting point of the straw is improved, and the straw is sent into a direct-fired straw power generation water-cooling vibrating grate boiler to generate electricity and heat, so that the electricity and heat are provided for the subsequent coupling of the straw and livestock and poultry feces. In the anaerobic fermentation process, the heat generated by straw combustion is used, so that the energy consumption is saved; the ash is used as an organic fertilizer additive, and wastes are converted and utilized, so that the effective use of resources is realized. Meanwhile, the ash slag is mixed with the organic fertilizer in the following steps to prepare the organic carbon fertilizer, so that the content of the volatile organic carbon in the soil can be obviously improved, nutrients required for the growth of crops can be provided, the pollution of the ash slag to the environment can be reduced, the ecological environment is improved, and the carbon sink of the soil is increased.
The backflow biogas slurry is adopted to respectively carry out pretreatment and heating hydrolysis on the livestock and poultry feces and the straws, so that the removal rate of COD can be improved. When the straws are pretreated, the backflow biogas slurry is used for blending and inoculation, so that anaerobic microorganisms can be provided, and a nitrogen source is also provided. The anaerobic fermentation is carried out by utilizing the heat source generated by straw combustion, so as to realize the resource and harmless utilization of the straw.
When the livestock and poultry manure is pretreated, high-temperature aerobic fermentation is adopted, and then the high-temperature aerobic fermentation is adopted and is mixed with the straws, and medium-temperature anaerobic fermentation is adopted.
The desulfurization process strictly controls the volume load and the dissolved oxygen of the sulfide, and adopts a mode of first desulfurization and then absorption, thereby greatly reducing the hydrogen sulfide in the methane.
The material after anaerobic fermentation is conveyed to a solid-liquid separator through a conveying pump for solid-liquid separation, solid particles are removed, the separated biogas slurry flows into a backflow liquid temporary storage tank, and biogas residues are conveyed to an organic fertilizer workshop through a belt for producing solid organic fertilizer; supernatant biogas slurry in the biogas slurry temporary storage tank flows into the pretreatment system as reflux biogas slurry, and a small amount of residual biogas slurry is conveyed into the biogas slurry sedimentation tank through a biogas slurry pump for sedimentation treatment and then enters the biogas slurry tank for producing liquid organic fertilizer. The separated methane is dried, separated and dehydrated to be used for manufacturing natural gas.
The desulfurized biogas is used for absorbing carbon dioxide from the biogas by a reversible carbon dioxide adsorbent, and the carbon dioxide is used for producing dry ice to achieve the refrigeration effect, so that the utilization rate of the biogas is improved.
In conclusion, the process realizes the recycling of the straws and the livestock and poultry manure, can be used for producing electricity, heat, cold, methane and organic fertilizers after being processed, and improves the resource utilization of the straws and the livestock and poultry manure. The internal circulation of electric power and heat energy is realized, the comprehensive environmental protection benefit and the economic benefit can be greatly improved, and the recycling and harmless utilization of the straws are realized. Through poly-generation integration of biomass energy electricity, heat, cold and gas fertilizers, a terminal product with large market potential and demand is formed, a biomass industry chain is expanded, and green and healthy development of the biomass industry is promoted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a fecal sewage pretreatment process of a biomass and livestock fecal sewage coupling poly-generation method;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of straw treatment process of biomass and livestock manure coupled poly-generation method;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a desulfurization process of a biomass and livestock manure coupled poly-generation method;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a solid-liquid separation process of a biomass and livestock manure coupled poly-generation method;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a process for preparing natural gas by biomass and livestock manure coupled poly-generation;
FIG. 6 is a general process flow diagram of a biomass and livestock manure coupled poly-generation method.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The method for preparing electricity, heat, cold, methane and organic fertilizer by combining yellow stored straws and chicken manure comprises the following steps:
s1, straw combustion: crushing yellow stored straws to 1cm, putting the crushed yellow stored straws into an acidification pool filled with organic acetobacter aceti, gram negative bacilli, glucose oxidizing bacilli and trichoderma for hydrolysis acidification, sending the yellow stored straws into a direct-fired straw power generation water-cooled vibrating grate boiler for combustion power generation, and providing steam and heat for the preparation of biogas;
s2, raw material pretreatment:
and (3) livestock and poultry manure: mixing chicken manure with the backflow biogas slurry in a septic tank to homogenize the manure, enabling the mixed manure to automatically flow through a mechanical grid, further homogenizing the manure in a manure homogenizing tank, heating the manure to hydrolyze at 50 ℃ for 20 minutes, performing aerobic fermentation in fermentation equipment, and addingAdding Haliotis gigantea (berk.) Sacc, rapidly decomposing in 1d, releasing heat at 50 deg.C, and supplying oxygen to fermentation equipment via air supply system with ventilation rate of 0.05m3·(min·m3)-1Fully fermenting and decomposing the chicken manure, maintaining for 5 days, and pumping the treated manure from a manure feeding pool to a CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank;
straw: pouring the yellow stored straws into a storage bin, conveying the yellow stored straws into a crusher through a conveyor, conveying the crushed yellow stored straws into a hydrolysis acidification pool through a conveying device, carrying out heating and micro-aerobic hydrolysis reaction on the yellow stored straws in the hydrolysis acidification pool, adjusting and inoculating by using backflow biogas slurry, and uniformly conveying the treated straws into a CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank through a screw pump, wherein the hydrolysis temperature is 50 ℃ and the hydrolysis time is 2 d;
s3, anaerobic fermentation: the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank adopts medium-temperature anaerobic fermentation, the concentration of the raw material TS is 3%, a temperature increasing device is arranged in the anaerobic fermentation tank, the temperature is set to be 38 ℃, the fermentation time is 25.9d, the stirring speed is 25rpm, the PH is 7, a heat source is provided for increasing the temperature of materials in the tank by utilizing the cooling circulating water of a straw generator, the materials after the anaerobic fermentation are discharged from the reactor, and the generated biogas is collected from the top of the reactor;
s4, desulfurization: adopting alkaline biological desulfurization to desulfurize and purify the marsh gas, controlling the volume load of the biological desulfurization to be 70 mg/(h.L), and feeding water S2-The concentration is 85mg/L, the dissolved oxygen is 1.3mg/L, and H in the methane is extracted2Reducing the gas content of S to below 200pmm, removing water in the methane through a cold dry dehydrator, temporarily storing in a double-membrane dry gas storage cabinet, feeding part of the methane into a boiler to supply heat for the system, desulfurizing the rest part of the methane through a fine desulfurizing tower, and generating H in the methane through anaerobic fermentation2S is reduced to below 15 ppm;
s5, solid-liquid separation: the material after anaerobic fermentation is conveyed to a solid-liquid separator through a conveying pump for solid-liquid separation, solid particles are removed, the separated biogas slurry flows into a backflow liquid temporary storage tank, and biogas residues are conveyed to an organic fertilizer workshop through a belt for producing solid organic fertilizer; supernatant biogas slurry in the biogas slurry temporary storage tank flows into a pretreatment system as reflux biogas slurry, and a small amount of residual biogas slurry is conveyed into a biogas slurry sedimentation tank through a biogas slurry pump for sedimentation treatment and then enters the biogas slurry tank for producing liquid organic fertilizer; during separation, the overflowing biogas slurry enters an overflow liquid temporary storage pool and is pumped back to the solid-liquid separator again through a screw pump for separation;
s6, preparing natural gas: and (3) removing saturated water vapor, hydrogen sulfide and dust particles from the desulfurized biogas sequentially through a freeze dryer, a gas-water separator, an activated carbon desulfurization tower and a high-efficiency filter, heating the biogas through a constant-temperature heater to obtain compressed biogas, and uniformly feeding the compressed biogas into a membrane separation system through a gas distribution pipeline for separation to obtain the biogas.
S7, refrigeration: adsorbing carbon dioxide from biogas by using a reversible carbon dioxide adsorbent, changing conditions to enable the carbon dioxide adsorbent to release carbon dioxide, condensing, feeding into a compressor, controlling the temperature and pressurizing to over 7Mpa, filling into a steel cylinder to obtain a liquid carbon dioxide product, feeding the liquid carbon dioxide into an expansion tank, reducing the pressure, cooling and expanding to obtain snowflake-shaped solid carbon dioxide, extruding snow powder into fine rods by adopting particle production equipment, cutting into particles, and finally extruding into finished dry ice.
S8, preparing fertilizer: solid organic fertilizer produced in an organic fertilizer workshop is crushed in a material crusher, ash slag generated after straw combustion and crushed organic fertilizer are added into a mixer, and then the mixture is granulated in a granulation machine, and is dried and cooled after being discharged to prepare the organic carbon fertilizer.
Example 2
The method for preparing electricity, heat, cold, methane and organic fertilizer by combining silage straws and cow dung comprises the following steps:
s1, straw combustion: crushing silage straws to 1cm, putting the silage straws into an acidification pool filled with organic acetobacter acidocaldarius, gram-negative bacilli, glucose oxidizing bacilli and trichoderma for hydrolysis acidification, sending the silage straws into a direct-combustion straw power generation water-cooling vibration grate boiler for combustion power generation, and providing steam and heat for the preparation of biogas;
s2, raw material pretreatment:
and (3) livestock and poultry manure: mixing cow dung with the backflow biogas slurry in a septic tank to homogenize the dung, wherein the mixed dung automatically flows through a mechanical grid and then enters the dungFurther homogenizing in a sewage homogenizing tank, heating for hydrolysis at 80 deg.C for 100 min, performing aerobic fermentation in a fermentation device, adding Halloysitum rubrum, rapidly decomposing in 2d with released heat of 60 deg.C, and supplying oxygen to the fermentation device via an air supply system with ventilation rate of 0.2m3·(min·m3)-1Fully fermenting and decomposing the cow dung, maintaining for 7d, and pumping the treated cow dung to a CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank from a dung feeding pool;
straw: pouring ensiled straws into a storage bin, conveying the ensiled straws into a crusher through a conveyor, conveying the crushed ensiled straws into a hydrolysis acidification pool through a conveying device, carrying out heating and micro-aerobic hydrolysis reaction on the ensiled straws in the hydrolysis acidification pool, wherein the hydrolysis temperature is 70 ℃, the hydrolysis time is 3d, blending and inoculating are carried out by using backflow biogas slurry, and the treated straws are uniformly conveyed into a CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank through a screw pump;
s3, anaerobic fermentation: the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank adopts medium-temperature anaerobic fermentation, the concentration of the raw material TS is 15%, a temperature increasing device is arranged in the anaerobic fermentation tank, the temperature is set to be 38 ℃, the fermentation time is 25.9d, the stirring speed is 25rpm, the PH is 7, a heat source is provided for increasing the temperature of materials in the tank by utilizing the cooling circulating water of a straw generator, the materials after the anaerobic fermentation are discharged from the reactor, and the generated biogas is collected from the top of the reactor;
s4, desulfurization: adopting alkaline biological desulfurization to desulfurize and purify the marsh gas, controlling the volume load of the biological desulfurization to be 300 mg/(h.L), and feeding water S2-The concentration is 90mg/L, the dissolved oxygen is 2.5mg/L, and H in the methane is extracted2Reducing the gas content of S to below 200pmm, removing water in the methane through a cold dry dehydrator, temporarily storing in a double-membrane dry gas storage cabinet, feeding part of the methane into a boiler to supply heat for the system, desulfurizing the rest part of the methane through a fine desulfurizing tower, and generating H in the methane through anaerobic fermentation2S is reduced to below 15 ppm;
s5, solid-liquid separation: conveying the anaerobic fermented material to a screw extruder through a conveying pump for solid-liquid separation to remove solid particles, allowing the separated biogas slurry to flow into a backflow liquid temporary storage tank, and conveying biogas residues to an organic fertilizer workshop through a belt for producing a solid organic fertilizer; supernatant biogas slurry in the biogas slurry temporary storage tank flows into a pretreatment system as reflux biogas slurry, and a small amount of residual biogas slurry is conveyed into a biogas slurry sedimentation tank through a biogas slurry pump for sedimentation treatment and then enters the biogas slurry tank for producing liquid organic fertilizer; during separation, the overflowing biogas slurry enters an overflow liquid temporary storage pool and is pumped back to the solid-liquid separator again through a screw pump for separation;
s6, preparing natural gas: and (3) removing saturated water vapor, hydrogen sulfide and dust particles from the desulfurized biogas sequentially through a freeze dryer, a gas-water separator, an activated carbon desulfurization tower and a high-efficiency filter, heating the biogas through a constant-temperature heater to obtain compressed biogas, and uniformly feeding the compressed biogas into a membrane separation system through a gas distribution pipeline for separation to obtain the biogas.
S7, refrigeration: adsorbing carbon dioxide from biogas by using a reversible carbon dioxide adsorbent, changing conditions to enable the carbon dioxide adsorbent to release carbon dioxide, condensing, feeding into a compressor, controlling the temperature and pressurizing to over 7Mpa, filling into a steel cylinder to obtain a liquid carbon dioxide product, feeding the liquid carbon dioxide into an expansion tank, reducing the pressure, cooling and expanding to obtain snowflake-shaped solid carbon dioxide, extruding snow powder into fine rods by adopting particle production equipment, cutting into particles, and finally extruding into finished dry ice.
S8, preparing fertilizer: solid organic fertilizer produced in an organic fertilizer workshop is crushed in a material crusher, ash slag generated after straw combustion and crushed organic fertilizer are added into a mixer, and then the mixture is granulated in a granulation machine, and is dried and cooled after being discharged to prepare the organic carbon fertilizer.
As a further alternative of this example, the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank has 6 seats and the volume of a single tank is 8000m3A process mode of two-stage series connection and same-stage parallel connection is adopted, wherein 3 first-stage tanks and 3 second-stage tanks are adopted.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (4)

1. A biomass and livestock manure coupled poly-generation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, straw combustion: crushing straws to 1cm, putting the straws into an acidification pool filled with organic acetobacter aceti, gram-negative bacilli, glucose oxidizing bacilli and trichoderma for hydrolysis acidification, sending the straws into a direct-combustion straw power generation water-cooling vibrating grate boiler, and combusting and generating power while providing steam and heat for the preparation of biogas;
s2, raw material pretreatment:
and (3) livestock and poultry manure: mixing livestock and poultry manure with backflow biogas slurry in a septic tank to homogenize the manure, enabling the mixed manure to automatically flow through a mechanical grid, further homogenizing the manure in a manure homogenizing tank, heating the manure to hydrolyze at 50-80 ℃ for 20-100 minutes, then enabling the manure to enter fermentation equipment to perform aerobic fermentation, adding Yurama sp, rapidly decomposing the manure within 1-2d, releasing heat of 50-60 ℃, and then supplying oxygen to the fermentation equipment through an air supply system, wherein the ventilation rate is 0.05-0.2 m3·(min·m3)-1Sufficiently fermenting and decomposing the excrement, maintaining for 5-7 days, and pumping the treated excrement to a CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank from an excrement feeding pool;
straw: pouring straws into a storage bin, conveying the straws into a crusher through a conveyor, conveying the crushed straws into a hydrolysis acidification tank through a conveying device, carrying out heating and micro-aerobic hydrolysis reaction on the straws in the hydrolysis acidification tank, wherein the hydrolysis temperature is 50-70 ℃, the hydrolysis time is 2-3d, blending and inoculating by using backflow biogas slurry, and uniformly conveying the treated straws into a CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank through a screw pump;
s3, anaerobic fermentation: the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank adopts medium-temperature anaerobic fermentation, the concentration of the raw material TS is 3% -15%, a temperature increasing device is arranged in the anaerobic fermentation tank, the temperature is set to be 38 ℃, the fermentation time is 25.9d, the stirring speed is 25rpm, the PH is 7, a heat source is provided for increasing the temperature of the materials in the tank by utilizing the cooling circulating water of a straw generator, the materials after the anaerobic fermentation are discharged from the reactor, and the generated biogas is collected from the top of the reactor;
s4, desulfurization: the biogas adopts alkaline biological desulfurization to desulfurize and purify the biogas, the volume load of the biological desulfurization is controlled to be 70-300 mg/(h.L), and S is fed2-The concentration is 85-90mg/L, the dissolved oxygen is 1.3-2.5mg/L, and H in the methane is extracted2Reducing the gas content of S to below 200pmm, removing water in the methane through a cold dry dehydrator, temporarily storing in a double-membrane dry gas storage cabinet, feeding part of the methane into a boiler to supply heat for the system, desulfurizing the rest part of the methane through a fine desulfurizing tower, and generating H in the methane through anaerobic fermentation2S is reduced to below 15 ppm;
s5, solid-liquid separation: the material after anaerobic fermentation is conveyed to a solid-liquid separator through a conveying pump for solid-liquid separation, solid particles are removed, the separated biogas slurry flows into a backflow liquid temporary storage tank, and biogas residues are conveyed to an organic fertilizer workshop through a belt for producing solid organic fertilizer; supernatant biogas slurry in the biogas slurry temporary storage tank flows into a pretreatment system as reflux biogas slurry, and a small amount of residual biogas slurry is conveyed into a biogas slurry sedimentation tank through a biogas slurry pump for sedimentation treatment and then enters the biogas slurry tank for producing liquid organic fertilizer; during separation, the overflowing biogas slurry enters an overflow liquid temporary storage pool and is pumped back to the solid-liquid separator again through a screw pump for separation;
s6, preparing natural gas: the desulfurized biogas is sequentially passed through a freeze dryer, a gas-water separator, an activated carbon desulfurization tower and a high-efficiency filter to remove saturated water vapor, hydrogen sulfide and dust particles, and is heated by a constant-temperature heater to obtain compressed biogas, and the compressed biogas uniformly enters a membrane separation system through a gas distribution pipeline to be separated, so that the biogas is prepared;
s7, refrigeration: adsorbing carbon dioxide from biogas by using a reversible carbon dioxide adsorbent, changing conditions to enable the carbon dioxide adsorbent to release carbon dioxide, condensing, feeding the carbon dioxide into a compressor, controlling the temperature and pressurizing to be more than 7Mpa, filling the carbon dioxide into a steel cylinder to obtain a liquid carbon dioxide product, feeding the liquid carbon dioxide into an expansion tank, reducing the pressure, cooling and expanding the carbon dioxide to obtain snowflake solid carbon dioxide, extruding snow powder into fine rods by adopting particle production equipment, cutting the fine rods into particles, and finally extruding the particles into finished dry ice;
s8, preparing fertilizer: solid organic fertilizer produced in an organic fertilizer workshop is crushed in a material crusher, ash slag generated after straw combustion and crushed organic fertilizer are added into a mixer, and then the mixture is granulated in a granulation machine, and is dried and cooled after being discharged to prepare the organic carbon fertilizer.
2. The biomass and livestock manure coupled poly-generation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the straw is yellow stored straw or ensiled straw.
3. The biomass and livestock manure coupled poly-generation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the solid-liquid separator is a screw extruder.
4. The biomass and livestock manure coupled poly-generation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the CSTR anaerobic fermentation tank is 6, and the volume of a single tank is 8000m3A process mode of two-stage series connection and same-stage parallel connection is adopted, wherein 3 first-stage tanks and 3 second-stage tanks are adopted.
CN202011635665.1A 2020-12-31 2020-12-31 Biomass and livestock and poultry manure coupling poly-generation method Pending CN112830821A (en)

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Application publication date: 20210525