CN112825981A - Functional additive for aloe skin feed, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Functional additive for aloe skin feed, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112825981A CN112825981A CN202011641993.2A CN202011641993A CN112825981A CN 112825981 A CN112825981 A CN 112825981A CN 202011641993 A CN202011641993 A CN 202011641993A CN 112825981 A CN112825981 A CN 112825981A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- feed
- aloe
- extract
- ethyl acetate
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 235000011399 aloe vera Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 184
- 241001116389 Aloe Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 239000013538 functional additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000002024 ethyl acetate extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000002961 Aloe barbadensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006286 aqueous extract Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003810 ethyl acetate extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000186892 Aloe vera Species 0.000 claims 8
- 206010002660 Anoxia Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 241000976983 Anoxia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007953 anoxia Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000144927 Aloe barbadensis Species 0.000 description 20
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000252210 Cyprinidae Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000611 regression analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000228212 Aspergillus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RMRCNWBMXRMIRW-BYFNXCQMSA-M cyanocobalamin Chemical compound N#C[Co+]N([C@]1([H])[C@H](CC(N)=O)[C@]\2(CCC(=O)NC[C@H](C)OP(O)(=O)OC3[C@H]([C@H](O[C@@H]3CO)N3C4=CC(C)=C(C)C=C4N=C3)O)C)C/2=C(C)\C([C@H](C/2(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=N\C\2=C\C([C@H]([C@@]/2(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=N\C\2=C(C)/C2=N[C@]1(C)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]2CCC(N)=O RMRCNWBMXRMIRW-BYFNXCQMSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000469 ethanolic extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012259 ether extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxine Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000002234 Allium sativum Species 0.000 description 1
- AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-XXWVOBANSA-N Aloin Natural products O=C1c2c(O)cc(CO)cc2[C@H]([C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)c2c1c(O)ccc2 AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-XXWVOBANSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium propionate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011665 D-biotin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000638 D-biotin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011627 DL-alpha-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000001815 DL-alpha-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexa-Ac-myo-Inositol Natural products CC(=O)OC1C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C(OC(C)=O)C1OC(C)=O SQUHHTBVTRBESD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007696 Kjeldahl method Methods 0.000 description 1
- MJVAVZPDRWSRRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Menadione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(C)=CC(=O)C2=C1 MJVAVZPDRWSRRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003424 Na2SeO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004283 Sodium sorbate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940006091 aloe polysaccharide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-OSYMLPPYSA-N aloin A Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1[C@@H]1C2=CC(CO)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C(O)C=CC=C21 AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-OSYMLPPYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019463 artificial additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L calcium D-pantothenic acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O.OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004330 calcium propionate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010331 calcium propionate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052927 chalcanthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002104 cyanocobalamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000000639 cyanocobalamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011666 cyanocobalamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-alpha-tocopherol Natural products OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011087 fumaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004611 garlic Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007235 immunity generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000367 inositol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N inositol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobarbaloin Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1C1C2=CC(CO)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C(O)C=CC=C21 AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000018883 loss of balance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000357 manganese(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940029985 mineral supplement Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020786 mineral supplement Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019462 natural additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- OQUKIQWCVTZJAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1 OQUKIQWCVTZJAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008160 pyridoxine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011677 pyridoxine Substances 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003471 retinol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020944 retinol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011607 retinol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002477 riboflavin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019192 riboflavin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002151 riboflavin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N scyllo-inosotol Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium propionate Chemical compound [Na+].CCC([O-])=O JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004324 sodium propionate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010334 sodium propionate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003212 sodium propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 description 1
- LROWVYNUWKVTCU-STWYSWDKSA-M sodium sorbate Chemical compound [Na+].C\C=C\C=C\C([O-])=O LROWVYNUWKVTCU-STWYSWDKSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019250 sodium sorbate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000984 tocofersolan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011647 vitamin D3 Substances 0.000 description 1
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011652 vitamin K3 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940011671 vitamin b6 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019195 vitamin supplement Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000029663 wound healing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013618 yogurt Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/34—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/3454—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of liquids or solids
- A23L3/3463—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
- A23L3/3535—Organic compounds containing sulfur
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a functional additive for aloe peel feed, a preparation method and application, and belongs to the technical field of feed and additives thereof. The invention solves the technical problem that the existing mildew-proof and water-retaining additive for feed is generally a chemical compound, has corrosivity and irritation and poor palatability to fish. The additive is used for preventing mildew or preserving water of feed, consists of aloe peel extract and contains at least one of ethyl acetate extract or water extract. The aloe peel extract is used as the mildew-proof and water-retaining functional additive for the feed, so that the defects of a chemical compound additive can be avoided, the comprehensive utilization potential of the aloe peel is exerted, waste is turned into wealth, and the hypoxia tolerance of fish can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fish feed, and particularly relates to a functional additive for an aloe skin feed, a preparation method and application.
Background
The mould is widely distributed and various in nature, and most of the mould can cause the mildew and deterioration of the feed. The mildew inhibitor is an additive added into feed for inhibiting the growth of mildew and prolonging the storage period of the feed. The anti-mildew agent used in feed production is generally an organic acid such as propionic acid, sodium propionate, calcium propionate, acetic acid, sorbic acid, sodium sorbate, sodium benzoate, fumaric acid, and the like. These substances are generally chemical compounds, corrosive and irritating, poorly palatable to fish, even containing harmful substances, and risking residues in the aquatic products.
At present, the water content of common compound granulated feed is generally regulated to 11-12% in China, however, the dry-pressing granulated feed system commonly used by large-scale feed enterprises at present seriously loses the water in the raw materials in the processing process, and the water content of the granulated feed leaving the factory is about 8%. The feed particles have low water content, which is an economic loss for feed enterprises. The existing enterprises use a certain proportion of mixed organic acid to keep the moisture of feed particles, but the organic acid component is a chemical compound, so the price is high, the palatability to fish is poor, the residual risk exists, and the safety of the feed particles is always questioned.
Aloe (Aloe vera (Haw.) Berg, Aloe vera) is known as allium sativum, and as early as 1918, the U.S. food and drug administration has confirmed that Aloe is edible; aloe gel products have been widely used in the manufacture of beverages, jellies, yogurts, cans, and other food products. The aloe peel is a byproduct in the preparation of aloe gel products, and modern scientific researches prove that the aloe peel is rich in barbaloin, aloe polysaccharide and aloe crude fiber, and has the effects of sterilizing, enhancing animal physique, promoting wound healing, improving immunity and regeneration, detoxifying and resisting aging. The aloe resource is rich in China, and a large amount of aloe peels are generated every year. Therefore, the application research of the aloe peel in the aquatic feed is developed, the new application of the aloe peel is developed, the traditional aloe peel utilization structure is improved, the comprehensive utilization potential of the aloe peel is exerted, waste is turned into wealth, and the economic and social benefits of the aloe peel are improved, so that the aloe peel feed has very important significance. However, few reports about the aloe peel extract as the mildew-proof and water-retaining additive of fish feed exist at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing mildew-proof and water-retaining additive for feed is generally a chemical compound, has corrosivity and irritation and has poor palatability to fish.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses a functional additive for an aloe peel feed, which is used for preventing mildew or preserving water of the feed and consists of an aloe peel extract.
Wherein the aloe peel extract comprises at least one of an ethyl acetate extract or a water extract of aloe peel.
Wherein the total polyphenol content in the ethyl acetate extract of the aloe peel is more than or equal to 140.0 g/kg.
Preferably, the total polyphenols content in the ethyl acetate extract of aloe peel is 149.6-167.4 g/kg.
Wherein, the content of crude protein in the water extract of the aloe peel is more than or equal to 20.0 percent, and the content of total sugar is more than or equal to 30.0 percent.
Preferably, the water extract of aloe peel has a crude protein content of 22.52-26.84% and a total sugar content of 34.86-39.77%.
And (3) determining the total phenol content of the aloe peel ethyl acetate extract by adopting a Folin-Ciocalteau reagent method, and respectively determining the crude protein content and the total sugar content of the aloe peel water extract by adopting a Kjeldahl method and a phenol-sulfuric acid method.
The invention further discloses a preparation method of the functional additive for the aloe peel feed, which comprises the following steps: mixing aloe peel with ethyl acetate, stirring, filtering the obtained mixed solution to obtain filtrate and extraction residue, and distilling the filtrate under reduced pressure to remove solvent to obtain ethyl acetate extract of aloe peel; mixing the aloe peel or the ethyl acetate extraction residue with water, stirring, centrifuging or filtering the obtained mixture to obtain clear supernatant or filtrate and residue, and distilling the supernatant or filtrate under reduced pressure to remove water to obtain water extract of aloe peel.
Wherein, the aloe peel and ethyl acetate or water are mixed according to the weight and volume ratio of 1: 6-8, mixing the ethyl acetate extraction residue with water according to the weight ratio of 1: 6-8, i.e. the ratio of the weight of the solid to the volume of the liquid.
Furthermore, the invention also discloses application of the functional additive for the aloe skin feed in preparing fish feed, wherein the functional additive is used for water retention of the fish feed, and the aloe skin water extract is added in the preparation process of the fish feed.
Specifically, the aloe peel water extract accounts for 0.9-1.8% of the total weight of the feed.
Preferably, the aloe vera skin water extract is added in an amount of 1.2-1.8% based on the total weight of the feed.
Most preferably, the aloe vera skin water extract is added in an amount of 1.38% by weight based on the total weight of the feed.
Furthermore, the invention also discloses application of the functional additive for the aloe skin feed in preparing the fish feed, the functional additive is used for preventing mildew of the fish feed, and one of the aloe skin ethyl acetate extract or the aloe skin water extract is added in the preparation process of the fish feed.
Specifically, the addition amount of the extract accounts for 0.3-1.8% of the total weight of the feed.
Preferably, the extract is added in an amount of 1.2-1.8% by weight based on the total weight of the feed.
Most preferably, the ethyl acetate extract is added in an amount of 1.65% by weight of the total feed; most preferably, the water extract is added in an amount of 1.58% by weight of the total feed.
Furthermore, the invention also discloses application of the functional additive for the aloe skin feed in preparing the fish feed, the functional additive is used for preventing mildew of the fish feed, and the aloe skin ethyl acetate extract and the aloe skin water extract are added in the preparation process of the fish feed.
Specifically, the addition amount of the aloe peel ethyl acetate extract and the aloe peel water extract accounts for 0.3-1.8% of the total weight of the feed.
Preferably, the ethyl acetate extract and the water extract of aloe vera skin are added in an amount of 1.2-1.8% by weight based on the total weight of the feed.
Most preferably, the ethyl acetate extract and the aqueous extract of aloe vera skin are added in an amount of 1.56% by weight based on the total weight of the feed.
Preferably, when the two extracts are added, the ethyl acetate extract of the aloe vera skin and the aqueous extract of the aloe vera skin are used in equal weight ratios.
Furthermore, the invention also discloses application of the functional additive for the aloe skin feed in preparing the hypoxia-resistant fish feed, wherein the aloe skin ethyl acetate extract and the aloe skin water extract are added in the preparation process of the fish feed.
Preferably, the ethyl acetate extract and the water extract of aloe vera skin are added in an amount of 0.6-1.5% by weight based on the total weight of the feed.
Most preferably, the ethyl acetate extract and the aqueous extract of aloe vera skin are added in an amount of 1.22% by weight based on the total weight of the feed.
Preferably, the ethyl acetate extract and the aqueous extract of the aloe peel are used in equal weight ratios.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the aloe peel extract is used as the mildew-proof and water-retaining functional additive for the feed for the first time, so that the defects of a chemical compound additive can be avoided, the comprehensive utilization potential of the aloe peel is brought into play, and waste is turned into wealth;
the functional additive for the aloe skin feed is a natural feed additive taking natural plant extracts as functional components, and has no residue, no toxic or side effect and no environmental pollution. Compared with the chemical additive, the natural additive is safer, healthier and more environment-friendly;
the invention determines the polarity characteristics of active ingredients with mildew-proof and water-retaining functions in the aloe peel according to the mildew and water content of the feed, the ethyl acetate extract of the aloe peel is medium-polarity, and the water extract of the aloe peel is high-polarity, so other extracts similar to the polarity are also suitable for the method;
the composition and the use method of the aloe peel extract can be adjusted according to the actual functional requirements of the target feed, so that the fish feed with different functional advantages is obtained;
according to the influence of the aloe peel extract on the mildew and moisture content of the feed and the hypoxia tolerance of the fish, a proper concentration range is screened out, and the optimal addition concentration is determined;
the invention provides a simple medium and a method for adding aloe peel extract into feed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding and description of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a broken line regression of moisture content of pellet feed prepared by adding different concentrations of aloe vera bark water extract;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a polynomial regression of the mildew rate of a pellet feed prepared by adding different types of aloe vera skin extracts at different concentrations;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the regression of the hypoxia tolerance duration of carp fed with different concentrations of the ethyl acetate extract of aloe vera skin and the aqueous extract of aloe vera skin.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a functional additive for aloe peel feed, which is prepared from aloe peel extract, is used for mildew prevention or water retention of feed, can replace a chemical synthetic additive, and fully utilizes waste aloe peel.
Further, the inventor finds in experiments that any aloe peel extract does not help the mildew-proof and water-retaining properties of the feed, and finds that when at least one of the ethyl acetate extract of the aloe peel or the water extract of the aloe peel is used, the mildew-proof and water-retaining properties of the feed can be remarkably improved through a large number of screening experiments in the early stage.
Specifically, the water extract of the aloe peel can improve the water retention property and mildew resistance of the feed at the same time, the ethyl acetate extract of the aloe peel can improve the mildew resistance of the feed, the mildew resistance of the feed is obviously improved when the water extract of the aloe peel and the ethyl acetate extract are used together, and in addition, the hypoxia resistance of the carp can be obviously improved when the water extract of the aloe peel and the ethyl acetate extract are fed at the same time.
Specifically, the preparation of the functional additive for the aloe skin feed and the application of the functional additive in the feed can be carried out according to the following steps:
(1) pulverizing dried Aloe peel, sieving with 18 mesh sieve to obtain Aloe peel powder, or pulverizing fresh Aloe peel;
(2) mixing dried aloe peel powder with ethyl acetate 1: 6-8, stirring for more than 5 hr, filtering the mixture to obtain filtrate and ethyl acetate extraction residue, and distilling the filtrate under reduced pressure to remove solvent to obtain ethyl acetate extract; mixing dried aloe peel powder or crushed fresh aloe peel with water 1: 6-8, stirring for more than 5 hr, centrifuging or filtering the mixture to obtain clear supernatant or filtrate and residue, and distilling the supernatant or filtrate under reduced pressure to constant weight to remove water to obtain aloe peel water extract. Preferably, the extraction residue is extracted with ethyl acetate and water 1: 6-8, stirring for more than 5 hr, centrifuging or filtering the mixture to obtain clear supernatant or filtrate and residue, and distilling the supernatant or filtrate under reduced pressure to constant weight to remove water to obtain aloe peel water extract.
(3) In the process of adding the ethyl acetate extract into the fish feed, firstly dissolving the ethyl acetate extract of the aloe peel into the oil in the formula, and then mixing the oil dissolved with the ethyl acetate extract into other feed raw materials to prepare the fish pellet feed; in the process of adding the water extract into the fish feed, firstly, the aloe peel water extract is dissolved in water, and then the water extract is mixed into other feed raw materials to prepare the fish pellet feed.
In the practical application process, the composition of the functional additive for the aloe peel feed can be adjusted according to different application scenes. The method comprises the following specific steps:
when the main purpose is to improve the water retention of the feed, the aloe peel water extract is added in the process of preparing the feed.
Preferably, the aloe vera skin water extract is added in an amount of 0.9-1.8% by weight based on the total weight of the feed; further preferably, the aloe peel water extract is added in an amount of 1.2-1.8% by weight of the total feed; most preferably, the aloe vera skin water extract is added in an amount of 1.38% by weight based on the total weight of the feed.
When the main purpose is to improve the mildew resistance of the feed, one of the aloe peel water extract and the ethyl acetate extract can be independently added in the process of preparing the feed.
Adding ethyl acetate extract, preferably in an amount of 0.3-1.8% by weight of the total feed; further preferably, the addition amount of the ethyl acetate extract accounts for 1.2-1.8% of the total weight of the feed; most preferably, the ethyl acetate extract is added in an amount of 1.65% by weight based on the total weight of the feed.
Adding water extract separately, preferably in an amount of 0.3-1.8% of the total weight of the feed; further preferably, the adding amount of the water extract accounts for 1.2-1.8% of the total weight of the feed; most preferably, the water extract is added in an amount of 1.58% by weight of the total feed.
Further, the invention finds that when the aloe peel water extract and the ethyl acetate extract are used together, the mildew resistance of the feed is obviously improved.
Preferably, the aloe peel water extract and the ethyl acetate extract are added in an amount of 0.3-1.8% by weight based on the total weight of the feed.
More preferably, the aloe peel water extract and the ethyl acetate extract account for 1.2-1.8% of the total weight of the feed.
Most preferably, the aloe peel water extract and the ethyl acetate extract are added in an amount of 1.56% by weight based on the total weight of the feed.
In addition, when the aloe peel water extract and the ethyl acetate extract are used together, the mildew resistance can be obviously improved, and the hypoxia tolerance of the fish can be improved after the feed is fed.
Preferably, the addition amount of the aloe vera skin ethyl acetate extract and the aloe vera skin water extract accounts for 0.6-1.5% of the total weight of the feed; when the addition amount is 1.22%, the fish feed has excellent mildew resistance and hypoxia resistance.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Preparation examples of 4 different aloe vera skin extracts
Crushing 1000g of dried aloe peel and sieving the crushed aloe peel with a 18-mesh sieve to obtain aloe peel powder;
taking 400g of aloe peel powder, mixing with petroleum ether 1: 6, stirring for 5 hours at 900 rpm, filtering the mixed solution to obtain filtrate and residue, repeatedly extracting for 3 times, distilling the filtrate under reduced pressure until the weight of the filtrate is constant, and removing petroleum ether to obtain an aloe peel petroleum ether extract;
taking 400g of aloe peel powder, mixing with ethyl acetate 1: 6, stirring for 5 hours at 900 revolutions per minute, filtering the mixed solution to obtain filtrate and residue, repeatedly extracting for 3 times, distilling the filtrate under reduced pressure until the weight is constant, and removing ethyl acetate to obtain an aloe peel ethyl acetate extract;
mixing the aloe peel ethyl acetate extraction residue with ethanol 1: 6, stirring for 5 hours at 900 rpm, filtering the mixed solution to obtain filtrate and residue, repeatedly extracting for 3 times, distilling the filtrate under reduced pressure to constant weight, and removing ethanol to obtain aloe peel ethanol extract;
mixing aloe peel ethyl acetate extraction residue or ethanol residue with water 1: 6, stirring at 900 rpm for 5 hours, centrifuging or filtering the mixed solution to obtain clear supernatant or filtrate and residue, repeatedly extracting for 3 times, and distilling the supernatant or filtrate under reduced pressure to constant weight to remove water to obtain the aloe peel water extract.
Preparation examples of fish feed supplemented with different aloe skin extracts
According to the feed formula, the 4 aloe peel extracts prepared above are respectively added into feed raw materials according to the concentration of 0 (blank) and 1.0% (accounting for 1.0% of the total weight of the feed) to prepare the granulated feed with the diameter of 2mm, the feed formula is shown in table 1, and the specific preparation method is as follows:
firstly, uniformly mixing the petroleum ether extract with the fish oil and the corn oil, then uniformly mixing the mixture with other raw materials in the formula, then adding drinking water accounting for 50 percent of the total mass of the feed, stirring and uniformly mixing the mixture, preparing the granular feed with the diameter of 2mm by using a small-sized granular feed machine, and drying the granular feed in a 60-DEG C forced air oven for 24 hours;
uniformly mixing the ethyl acetate extract with fish oil and corn oil, uniformly mixing with other raw materials in the formula, adding drinking water accounting for 50% of the total mass of the feed, uniformly stirring and mixing, preparing the granular feed with the diameter of 2mm by using a small-sized granular feed machine, and drying in a 60-DEG C forced air oven for 24 hours;
dissolving the ethanol extract in drinking water 50% of the total mass of the feed, mixing with other raw materials in the formula, making into granulated feed with diameter of 2mm with a small-sized granulated feed machine, and drying in a 60 deg.C blast oven for 24 h;
dissolving the water extract in drinking water 50% of the total feed mass, mixing with other raw materials, making into granulated feed with diameter of 2mm with small-sized granulated feed machine, and drying in 60 deg.C blast oven for 24 hr.
TABLE 1 feed formulation
1The vitamin supplement comprises per kilogram: 0.80g of retinol (500,000IU/g), vitamin D3(500,000IU/g)0.48g, DL-alpha-tocopherol (50%) 20.00g, vitamin K3(23%) 0.43g, vitamin B10.11g (90%), 0.63g of riboflavin (80%), 0.92g of pyridoxine (81%), 0.10g of cyanocobalamin (1%), 2.73g of D-calcium pantothenate (90%), 2.82g of nicotinic acid (99%), 5.00g of D-biotin (2%), 52.33g of inositol (99%) and 0.52g of folic acid (96%).
2The mineral supplement comprises per kilogram: FeSO4·7H269.70g of O (containing 20 percent of Fe) and CuSO4·5H2O (Cu 25%) 1.20g, ZnSO4·7H221.64g of O (containing 23% of Zn), MnSO4·H24.09g of O (containing 32% of Mn) and Na2SeO3·5H2O (containing Se 1%) 2.50g and KI (containing I4%) 2.90 g.
Fish feed mold growth test case added with different aloe peel extracts
20g of the dried pellet feed is put into a culture dish and flattened, 15 ml of aqueous solution containing 0.01 percent of spores of aspergillus niger and aspergillus viridis is respectively added, and the culture is carried out for 36h at 25 ℃, the detection results are shown in table 2, wherein "-" shows that no mildew exists, "+" shows that mild mildew exists, "+ +" shows that moderate mildew exists, and "+ + + + +" shows that severe mildew exists. This experiment was repeated 3 times with similar results. The result shows that the granular feed aspergillus niger and aspergillus viridis added with the aloe peel ethyl acetate extract and the water extract have the worst growth and good mildew-proof effect.
TABLE 2 growth of mold in fish feed with different aloe skin extracts
Fish feed water content test example with different aloe skin extracts
After the granulated feed is dried, the moisture content of the feed of each treatment group is measured by a Middy halogen rapid moisture tester, the detection result is shown in Table 3, and the result shows that the moisture content of the feed granules added with the aloe peel water extract is the highest, and the influence of other extracts on the moisture content of the feed granules is not obvious. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation of 3 replicates. In the same column of data, the letters indicated different from one another indicate significant difference, and the same letters indicated no significant difference (P < 0.05).
TABLE 3 Fish feed moisture content of different Aloe Vera skin extracts
Fish feed water content test example to which aloe vera skin water extract of different concentrations was added
The aloe peel water extract was added to the feed at concentrations of 0.0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, 1.5, and 1.8%, respectively, to prepare 7 kinds of pellet feeds, air-dried at 60 deg.C, and then the water content of the feeds in each treatment group was measured by the same method, and the results of the measurements are shown in Table 4, and the fold line regression analysis is shown in FIG. 1.
The result shows that the water content of the feed particles is improved by adding 0.9-1.8% of the aloe bark water extract, the water content of the feed is the highest (P <0.05) when the adding amount of the aloe bark water extract is 1.2-1.8%, and the optimal adding amount of the aloe bark water extract is 1.38% (P < 0.05).
TABLE 4 Fish feed moisture content of different concentrations of Aloe Vera skin Water extract
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation of 3 replicates. The same column data marked with different letters indicated significant differences and the same indicated insignificant differences (P < 0.05).
Influence of different kinds of aloe peel extracts with different concentrations on mildew rate of granulated feed
According to the same formula and method, the aloe bark water extract, the ethyl acetate extract and the compound extract (the water extract/ethyl acetate extract is 1:1) are respectively added into the feed according to the concentrations of 0.0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, 1.5 and 1.8 percent to respectively prepare corresponding 7 kinds of pellet feed. After air drying at 60 ℃, 20g of each feed is respectively added into a culture dish for flattening, 20 ml of water is respectively added into the culture dish for naturally dying mildew, and the culture is carried out at 25 +/-2 ℃. After 36h the results were observed and the percentage of the area of the dish that had mildewed was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 5, and the polynomial regression analysis is shown in FIG. 2, and the data are expressed as the mean. + -. standard deviation of 3 replicates, with the minimum x values of the three equations from top to bottom being 1.65, 1.58 and 1.56, respectively.
The result shows that the proportion of the feed mildew is obviously reduced by adding the aloe peel water extract, the ethyl acetate extract and the compound extract, the inhibition effect of the added water extract and the ethyl acetate extract on the feed particle mildew is better than that of the feed particle mildew, and the optimal addition concentrations of the aloe peel water extract, the ethyl acetate extract and the compound extract for inhibiting the feed mildew are 1.58%, 1.65% and 1.56% respectively (P < 0.05).
TABLE 5 Effect of different kinds of Aloe Vera bark extract at different concentrations on the mildew rate of granulated feed
Influence of compound extracts with different concentrations on carp hypoxia tolerance
After carp fries are purchased from local places, the carps are temporarily cultured in a culture room for one week. Carp fries 420 with equivalent weight (difference not more than 1%) were selected and randomly divided into 7 treatment groups, each group having 3 fish tanks, and 20 fish in each tank. The shape, size and color of each fish tank are the same, and the size is 30 multiplied by 40 cm; tap water is used as a water source, the volume of water in the tank is 30L, and one 800L/h flow aerator is arranged in the tank. The temperature of the culture room is controlled to be 22 +/-1 ℃, and the oxygen is continuously supplied by the oxygen increasing machine. The 7 treatment groups are respectively fed with feed containing 0.0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, 1.5 and 1.8% of aloe peel compound extract, and fed for 4 times per day. The hypoxia tolerance of carp was measured 7 days later.
The measuring method is an airless sealing method, 10 carps with the same weight of each treated group are respectively selected from each fish tank, 31.7ml of aerated tap water in the same tank is prepared for each g of carps, and the airless sealing method is carried out in a plastic bottle. The duration of time from normal to loss of balance (rollover) and oxygen consumption rate of 8 fish among them were measured and calculated. The results are shown in table 6 and fig. 3, the data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation of 3 replicates; the difference in the upper-case letters in the same column data indicates significant difference (P < 0.05). Oxygen consumption rate (end dissolved oxygen in water-initial dissolved oxygen in water) x water volume/fish body weight/duration. The expression regression analysis shows that the duration of the hypoxia tolerance of the carp is remarkably prolonged by feeding the aloe skin composite extract feed, and the optimal addition amount of the aloe skin composite extract feed is 1.22%.
TABLE 6 Effect of feeding different concentrations of the Compound extract on the hypoxia tolerance of Cyprinus Carpio
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The functional additive for the aloe skin feed is characterized in that: the additive is used for preventing mildew and/or retaining water of feed, and comprises Aloe bark extract.
2. The functional additive for aloe skin feed as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the aloe peel extract comprises at least one of an ethyl acetate extract or a water extract of aloe peel.
3. The functional additive for aloe skin feed as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the content of polyphenols in the ethyl acetate extract of the aloe peel is more than or equal to 140.0 g/kg; preferably, the content of polyphenols in the ethyl acetate extract is 149.6-167.4 g/kg; the content of crude protein in the water extract of the aloe peel is more than or equal to 20.0 percent, and the content of total sugar is more than or equal to 30.0 percent; the water extract of aloe peel preferably contains crude protein 22.52-26.84% and total sugar 34.86-39.77%.
4. The preparation method of the functional additive for the aloe skin feed is characterized by comprising the following steps: mixing aloe peel with ethyl acetate, stirring, filtering the obtained mixed solution to obtain filtrate and ethyl acetate extraction residue, and distilling the filtrate under reduced pressure to remove solvent to obtain ethyl acetate extract of aloe peel; mixing aloe peel with water, stirring, centrifuging or filtering the obtained mixture to obtain clear supernatant or filtrate and residue, and distilling the supernatant or filtrate under reduced pressure to remove water to obtain water extract of aloe peel; preferably, the ethyl acetate extraction residue is mixed with water, stirred, the resulting mixture is centrifuged or filtered to obtain a clear supernatant or filtrate and residue, and the supernatant or filtrate is distilled under reduced pressure to remove water to obtain the aqueous extract of aloe vera bark.
5. The method for preparing the functional additive for aloe skin feed according to claim 4, wherein the functional additive comprises: the aloe peel and ethyl acetate are mixed according to the weight and volume ratio of 1: mixing at a ratio of 6-8; the ethyl acetate extraction residue and water are mixed according to the weight and volume ratio of 1: mixing at a ratio of 6-8.
6. The application of the functional additive for the aloe skin feed in preparing the fish feed is characterized in that: the functional additive is used for water retention of fish feed, and the aloe peel water extract is added in the preparation process of the fish feed, wherein the addition amount of the aloe peel water extract accounts for 0.9-1.8% of the total weight of the feed; preferably, the aloe peel water extract is added in an amount of 1.2-1.8% by weight of the total feed; most preferably, the aloe vera skin water extract is added in an amount of 1.38% by weight based on the total weight of the feed.
7. The application of the functional additive for the aloe skin feed in preparing the fish feed is characterized in that: the functional additive is used for preventing mildew of fish feed, and one of aloe peel ethyl acetate extract or aloe peel water extract is added in the preparation process of the fish feed, wherein the addition amount of the extract accounts for 0.3-1.8% of the total weight of the feed; preferably, the addition amount of the extract accounts for 1.2-1.8% of the total weight of the feed; most preferably, the ethyl acetate extract is added in an amount of 1.65% by weight of the total feed; most preferably, the water extract is added in an amount of 1.58% by weight of the total feed.
8. The application of the functional additive for the aloe skin feed in preparing the fish feed is characterized in that: the functional additive is used for preventing mildew of fish feed, and the aloe peel ethyl acetate extract and the aloe peel water extract are added in the preparation process of the fish feed, wherein the addition amount of the aloe peel ethyl acetate extract and the aloe peel water extract accounts for 0.3-1.8% of the total weight of the feed; preferably, the addition amount of the aloe vera skin ethyl acetate extract and the aloe vera skin water extract accounts for 1.2-1.8% of the total weight of the feed; most preferably, the ethyl acetate extract and the aqueous extract of aloe vera skin are added in an amount of 1.56% by weight based on the total weight of the feed.
9. The application of the functional additive for the aloe skin feed in preparing the fish feed is characterized in that: the functional additive is used for resisting anoxia of fish feed, and aloe peel ethyl acetate extract and aloe peel water extract are added in the preparation process of the fish feed; preferably, the addition amount of the aloe vera skin ethyl acetate extract and the aloe vera skin water extract accounts for 0.6-1.5% of the total weight of the feed; most preferably, the ethyl acetate extract and the aqueous extract of aloe vera skin are added in an amount of 1.22% by weight based on the total weight of the feed.
10. The use of the functional additive for aloe skin feed according to claim 8 or 9 for preparing fish feed, characterized in that: the aloe peel ethyl acetate extract and the aloe peel water extract are used in equal weight proportion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011641993.2A CN112825981B (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Functional additive for aloe skin feed, preparation method and application |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011641993.2A CN112825981B (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Functional additive for aloe skin feed, preparation method and application |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112825981A true CN112825981A (en) | 2021-05-25 |
| CN112825981B CN112825981B (en) | 2023-05-09 |
Family
ID=75927140
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011641993.2A Active CN112825981B (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Functional additive for aloe skin feed, preparation method and application |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112825981B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112715789A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-30 | 内江师范学院 | Feed water-retaining agent natural composition and application thereof in fish feed |
Citations (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0609247A1 (en) * | 1991-09-19 | 1994-08-10 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Skin cleanser |
| CN1554272A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2004-12-15 | 重庆大学 | Aloe product and its processing technology |
| CN1830310A (en) * | 2006-03-04 | 2006-09-13 | 李亚萍 | Processing method of edible wall breaking decodouring aloe gel 200:1 frozen powder |
| CN101258922A (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2008-09-10 | 云南元江万绿生物（集团）有限公司 | Comprehensive utilization aloe skin processing method |
| US20110230567A1 (en) * | 2008-09-15 | 2011-09-22 | Maria Stromme | Vinyl alcohol co-polymer cryogels, vinyl alcohol co-polymers, and methods and products thereof |
| CN103829127A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-04 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Compound beauty-maintaining jerusalem artichoke aloe skin chewable tablets and preparation method thereof |
| CN104839451A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-08-19 | 邓全芳 | Feed mildew prevention additive |
| CN105567478A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-05-11 | 苏州蟹家族生态农业有限公司 | Aquaria detergent for pet crab breeding and production method thereof |
| CN106072629A (en) * | 2016-06-11 | 2016-11-09 | 陈清秀 | A kind of Radix et Caulis Opuntiae Dillenii plant buccal tablet and preparation method thereof |
| CN106962686A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-07-21 | 芜湖亨益汽车运输有限公司 | Mould breeding improves fish meal of security performance and preparation method thereof in a kind of suppression feed |
| US20180071201A1 (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2018-03-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Benefit agent containing delivery particle |
| CN110063427A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-30 | 内江师范学院 | A kind of application and preparation method thereof of broomwort extract in preparation fresh-water fishes Antistress agent |
| CN111011664A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 内江师范学院 | Adhesive, fish feed and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111789798A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-20 | 珠海中科先进技术研究院有限公司 | Bactericide containing aloe extract and preparation method thereof |
| CN112057892A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-11 | 澳宝化妆品（惠州）有限公司 | Preparation method of aloe extract |
-
2020
- 2020-12-31 CN CN202011641993.2A patent/CN112825981B/en active Active
Patent Citations (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0609247A1 (en) * | 1991-09-19 | 1994-08-10 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Skin cleanser |
| CN1554272A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2004-12-15 | 重庆大学 | Aloe product and its processing technology |
| CN1830310A (en) * | 2006-03-04 | 2006-09-13 | 李亚萍 | Processing method of edible wall breaking decodouring aloe gel 200:1 frozen powder |
| CN101258922A (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2008-09-10 | 云南元江万绿生物（集团）有限公司 | Comprehensive utilization aloe skin processing method |
| US20110230567A1 (en) * | 2008-09-15 | 2011-09-22 | Maria Stromme | Vinyl alcohol co-polymer cryogels, vinyl alcohol co-polymers, and methods and products thereof |
| CN103829127A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-04 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Compound beauty-maintaining jerusalem artichoke aloe skin chewable tablets and preparation method thereof |
| CN104839451A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-08-19 | 邓全芳 | Feed mildew prevention additive |
| CN105567478A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-05-11 | 苏州蟹家族生态农业有限公司 | Aquaria detergent for pet crab breeding and production method thereof |
| CN106072629A (en) * | 2016-06-11 | 2016-11-09 | 陈清秀 | A kind of Radix et Caulis Opuntiae Dillenii plant buccal tablet and preparation method thereof |
| US20180071201A1 (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2018-03-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Benefit agent containing delivery particle |
| CN106962686A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-07-21 | 芜湖亨益汽车运输有限公司 | Mould breeding improves fish meal of security performance and preparation method thereof in a kind of suppression feed |
| CN110063427A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-30 | 内江师范学院 | A kind of application and preparation method thereof of broomwort extract in preparation fresh-water fishes Antistress agent |
| CN111011664A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-17 | 内江师范学院 | Adhesive, fish feed and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111789798A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-20 | 珠海中科先进技术研究院有限公司 | Bactericide containing aloe extract and preparation method thereof |
| CN112057892A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-11 | 澳宝化妆品（惠州）有限公司 | Preparation method of aloe extract |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| GHOSIA LUTFULLAH等: "Evaluation of Plants Extracts for Proximate Chemical Composition，Antimicrobial and Antifungal Activities" * |
| R. M. COOPOOSAMY等: "Traditional use, antibacterial activity and antifungal activity of crude extract of Aloe excelsa" * |
| 唐建红等: "芦荟的药理作用及临床应用" * |
| 陶海腾;王文亮;程安玮;徐同成;刘丽娜;刘洁;马寅斐;杜方岭;: "芦荟皮的营养价值及开发应用", 农产品加工(学刊) * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112715789A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-30 | 内江师范学院 | Feed water-retaining agent natural composition and application thereof in fish feed |
| CN112715789B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2023-11-07 | 内江师范学院 | Natural feed water-retaining agent composition and application thereof in fish feed |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112825981B (en) | 2023-05-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101095460B (en) | Tea polyphenol composite antioxidant for feedstuff and method for preparing the same | |
| WO2014187196A1 (en) | Biogas residue-containing feed additive for dairy cattle | |
| EP1790234B1 (en) | Natural antioxidant additive for feed and drinking water | |
| SE523209C2 (en) | Method for reducing methane formation from digestive activities in animals | |
| CN112825981A (en) | Functional additive for aloe skin feed, preparation method and application | |
| KR101588163B1 (en) | A Coating Oil Complex for the Improvement of feed appearance and utilization efficiency and its use for animal feed coating | |
| KR100381726B1 (en) | Fermented Oranges as an Additive for Aquaculture of Fish | |
| CN109007343A (en) | A kind of compound feed additive and preparation method thereof of anti-beef cattle transport stress | |
| CN112772789B (en) | Functional additive for pomegranate rind feed, preparation method and application | |
| CN111820338A (en) | Natural composite fish-hydrophilic aeromonas resisting agent, natural feed and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111165683A (en) | Traditional Chinese medicine health-care compound feed for shrimps and crabs and preparation process thereof | |
| WO2004089106A2 (en) | Tannin mixture used as additives | |
| CN112753889B (en) | Motherwort mildew inhibitor, preparation method and application thereof in fish feed | |
| CN102488092B (en) | Anti-bacteria mildew-proof fruity type liquid flavoring agent and preparation technology thereof | |
| CN111802535B (en) | Natural composition for improving anti-stress response of fish and application thereof | |
| CN101919486A (en) | Safety environmental-friendly poultry feed and production method | |
| CN112790295A (en) | Feed mildew preventive natural composition and application thereof in fish feed | |
| JP4269016B2 (en) | Liquid feed for pipeline feeding system and manufacturing method thereof. | |
| CN117461737B (en) | Feed additive for reducing nutrition loss and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111011664A (en) | Adhesive, fish feed and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN103535835A (en) | Solid beverage prepared from pollen soluble extracts | |
| CN111165714A (en) | Special antioxidant for pet food | |
| CN112715789B (en) | Natural feed water-retaining agent composition and application thereof in fish feed | |
| CN102669420A (en) | Functional type pre-mixed tea seed cake dreg feed and production method thereof | |
| CN110897056B (en) | Ginkgo leaf extract fish feed adhesive and preparation method and application thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |