JP4269016B2 - Liquid feed for pipeline feeding system and manufacturing method thereof. - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

The present invention can be used as it is without processing the sweet potato shochu as industrial waste, and the mixed feed and liquid are mixed by computer control (the basic ratio is mixed feed 1.0: liquid 3.0) ) And using a pipeline feeding system (see photos 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) that feeds liquid feed directly to the pig shed in the pig house via a pipeline. The present invention relates to a liquid feed for raising pigs and a method for producing the same.

Background of the Invention

With the ratification of the London Convention, Japan has effectively banned shochu (sweet candy and wheat), which are food wastes as industrial waste, from the sea in 2007. In particular, the amount of shochu produced in Kagoshima Prefecture is a large amount of about 400,000 tons per year (forecast for 2004), and the amount of sweet potato shochu discharged is concentrated from November to February during the sweet potato production period. In particular, the ingredients for sweet potato shochu (see Table 1) are about 95% water and 5% solids (which contain useful ingredients such as protein, minerals, vitamin E, and alcohol). It is a strongly acidic, muddy liquid substance with a high proportion of citric acid and a pH of 3.8 to 4.2. This sweet potato shochu has troublesome properties (very strong affinity with water), and it is difficult to separate moisture and solids physically (pressurization / centrifugal force, etc.). Cost. Therefore, effective use of feed, fertilizer, etc. is difficult, and even about 1/3 is still abandoned in the ocean, and if this is completely banned, each shochu maker becomes a vital issue for management.

  As a prior art using such shochu, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-142686 is obtained by mixing and pulverizing animal and plant waste such as shochu distiller and fibrous plant material such as rice straw. A mixed and pulverized product having a particle size distribution range of 0.1 to 3500 μm is squeezed and separated into a squeezed residue and a filtrate, and cereals are added to the squeezed residue to obtain a feed. The filtrate obtained by squeezing and filtering is used as a feed for animal or vegetable waste, in which microorganisms are cultured and used as feed, or distilled under reduced pressure to obtain useful organic substances from the distillate, and the distillation residue is used as feed. Is described.

  And according to this invention, animal and vegetable wastes such as shochu distiller, which has been difficult to dehydrate due to high water content and high viscosity, are processed by simple means such as squeezing filtration after mixing and pulverization. Therefore, the utility value is great as a practical processing means. In particular, shochu distillers and the like were spoiled as soon as they were left because of their high water content, their storage and transport range was limited, and their treatment was restricted. Since it is possible to separate solids and water easily and efficiently, it is possible to treat the waste at the site where the distilled waste is discharged. Can solve the problem. The fibrous plant material such as rice straw used in the present invention plays a role as a fiber filtration membrane together with a moisture absorbing material during squeezing filtration, and can reduce the SS and TOC concentrations in the filtrate. Furthermore, it is stated that if the recycling process for distilled waste, etc. according to the present invention is constructed as a recycling resource recycling system, it is possible to prevent unnecessary substances from being discharged as much as possible and to complete the recycling resource recycling system in the area. Has been.

  However, in the present invention, it takes time and effort to obtain a pulverized product that is mixed and pulverized with rice straw and pulverized to a particle size distribution range of 0.1 to 3500 μm. The press residue obtained by separating the liquid into the liquid is one from which water has been removed, and the filtrate is composed of useful components such as protein, mineral, vitamin E, alcohol content of 0.2% in the shochu (solid content 5 above) %) Is removed, and the sweet potato shochu liquor as industrial waste can be used as it is without the need for processing such as pressing and filtering as described above, and it is fed directly to the piggery via the pipeline. It is completely unsuitable for a liquid feed that can be used in a pipeline feeding system that performs the above and a manufacturing method thereof.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-081127 discloses a natural ingredient having an antitumor effect that increases costs if it is a livestock feed using a shochu fermented koji made from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam). A livestock feed having an antitumor effect can be obtained without blending an extract or the like. Accordingly, it is described that livestock feed having an antitumor effect and cost can be provided.

  And according to this publication [0012], the solid content, ie, fermented rice cake, recovered by solid-liquid separation with a dehydrator such as a decanter type centrifugal dehydrator from the waste liquid produced during the production of the shochu using the sweet potato as a raw material is used. Is. Furthermore, when it is necessary to reduce the moisture content of the recovered fermented rice cake, the moisture content is adjusted to a desired moisture content using a dryer such as an air dryer. For example, in order to prevent mold from being generated in the fermented rice cake during transportation and storage, the drying treatment is performed until the water content becomes 10% or less by a dryer such as an air dryer. It is described that by setting the water content to 10% or less, the moisture content of the fermented rice cake can be suppressed to 20% or less even if the fermented rice cake absorbs moisture during transportation or storage.

  However, in the present invention, the solid content recovered by solid-liquid separation with a decanter type centrifugal dehydrator is used, and the anti-tumor effect is used by adjusting to a low water content with a dryer such as an air dryer. It is used to obtain livestock feed and can be used as it is without the need to adjust the water content such as solid-liquid separation or air dryer using a decanter type centrifugal dehydrator as described above. In addition, the liquid feed that can be used in the pipeline feeding system that directly feeds the liquid feed to the piggery through the pipeline and the manufacturing method thereof are not suitable.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-143539 discloses, in a simple manner, food waste generated at lunch centers, nursing homes, hospitals, animal and plant residues discharged from food processing plants, and shochu discharged from shochu factories. It is efficiently recycled as livestock feed, and food residues are sterilized at 80 ° C for a certain period of time. Then, the temperature is instantaneously lowered, and lactic acid bacteria and enzymes are added and fermented to produce a feed. First, the molasses (amino acid extraction) and simple feed are mixed with the main raw material which fermented and processed the organic residue. The feed obtained in this way becomes an effective feed during the first period of domestic animals. Next, shochu discharged from a shochu factory is rich in vitamins, minerals and plant fibers and is promising as a livestock feed, but it is unstable due to its early decay. Therefore, natural additives (formic acid) added to this to stabilize the quality and maintain the quality are used as auxiliary ingredients, and the main ingredients and auxiliary ingredients are mixed with a simple feed, raising the middle, late, seed and mother livestock. The preservation | save and manufacturing method of the organic residue of the feed for livestock using the organic residue used as feed are described.

  And according to the paragraphs [0015] to [0016] of this publication, the auxiliary raw materials used in the middle and later periods of use are manufactured. The auxiliary material is a shochu cake with a natural additive (formic acid) added to stabilize properties and maintain quality. In this example, the shochu liquor was used as the shochu. The distilled liquor of shochu shochu has a moisture content of 94%, an organic matter of 5.2%, an ash content of 0.54% and a pH of 4.3, a BOD value of 50,000 ppm, an SS value of 37 ppm, and a TN value of 2,300 ppm. In order to use it as a feed, it is necessary to add additives to stabilize the properties. It is described that the naturally-derived additive used in this example is prepared for stabilizing the properties and maintaining the quality of shochu shochu.

  Moreover, the fermented organic residue of the main raw material, the shochu processed product of the auxiliary raw material and molasses (amino acid extraction), and several simple feeds are mixed to produce feed for the middle and late feeding period, mother livestock and seed livestock. It is stated that the blending ratio of each is also changed for each breeding stage.

  Furthermore, the obtained six types of feed are granulated with a granulator as necessary. Usually granulation is not necessary. It is stated that storage and transportation may be in a plastic container.

  However, in the present invention, shochu liquor having a moisture content of about 94% is described as an auxiliary material, and it is assumed that the moisture content is extremely low. Moreover, it is unclear to what particle size the compound feed is crushed, and the solid content in the sweet potato shochu is not crushed. Therefore, it is completely unsuitable for a liquid feed that can be used in a pipeline feeding system in which sweet potato shochu as an industrial waste is fed directly to a piggery via a pipeline, and a manufacturing method thereof, and the process is complicated.

Problems to be solved by the invention

The present invention has a water content of 75 to 75, which is mainly composed of a mixed feed and sweet potato shochu having an average particle size of 2.5 mm or less. As a 85% liquid feed, it can flow smoothly through pipelines, etc. It is fermented with lactic acid to 3.5-4.5 and strong acidity, and the sweet potato shochu remains as it is throughout the year. Can be used without spoilage and at least nutritional components such as α-tocopherol and alcohol Can be used at any time without loss of milk, milk to pH 3.5-4.5 As it can be used as it is, fermented sweet potato shochu, acid pork with control of Escherichia coli and Salmorella Improve the hygienic environment of the piggery, such as measures to prevent bad odor caused by human health and manure, and reduce the rate of accidents due to disease Let's make it an issue.

Means to solve the problem

The invention of claim 1 includes a step of crushing an intact sweet potato shochu that is not solid-liquid separated to an average particle size of 2.5 mm or less, and adding 0.001 to 0.01 wt% of lactic acid bacteria to the crushed sweet potato shochu. A step of aerobic fermentation to pH 3.5 to 4.5 at room temperature, a mixed feed having an average particle size of 2.5 mm or less: fermented sweet potato shochu: water 1.0: 2.5 to 3.5 The present invention provides a method for producing a liquid feed for a pipeline feeding system comprising a step of automatically adjusting the water content to 75 to 85% at a ratio of 0.5 to 1.5.

In this invention, the process of crushing the raw sweet potato shochu that is not solid-liquid separated to an average particle size of 2.5 mm or less, and a mixed feed having an average particle size of 2.5 mm or less: the sweet potato shochu having an average particle size of 2.5 mm or less 粕: It consists of the process of automatically adjusting the water to 75-85% of water at a ratio of 1.0: 2.5-3.5: 0.5-1.5. it can flow feeding the valve and pipeline, etc. smoothly.

In addition, 0.001-0.01 wt% of lactic acid bacteria are added to the sweet potato shochu that is not solid-liquid separated. And having a step of aerobic fermentation to pH 3.5 to 4.5 at room temperature, . Lactic acid fermented to 5 to 4.5, preserved sweet potato shochu as it is without decaying throughout the year Without loss of nutritional components such as α-tocopherol and alcohol. The active ingredient of sweet potato shochu can be maintained.

Furthermore, as a result of the above, α-tocopherol and alcohol that have been subjected to lactic acid fermentation to pH 3.5 to 4.5 Can maintain the active ingredients of sweet potato shochu without losing nutritional components such as Therefore, the hygiene environment of piggeries such as pig health and measures to prevent bad odor caused by manure by suppressing E. coli and Salmorella Improve borders and reduce accident rates due to illness.

  When the mixing ratio of the sweet potato shochu is less than 2.5 with respect to the mixed feed 1.0, the mixed feed and the liquid are mixed (the basic ratio is the mixed feed 1.0: the liquid 3.0). In accordance with the above, water is mixed 0.5 or more. In addition, if it exceeds 3.5, the viscosity of sweet potato shochu will be able to flow smoothly through the pipeline. Is done. In addition, when the mixing ratio of water is 1.5 or more and less than 0.5, the mixing ratio of sweet potato shochu so that it flows smoothly in the pipeline in accordance with the basic ratio, mixed feed 1.0: liquid 3.0. Is automatically adjusted. That is, when the amount of water mixed increases, the nutritional component of the sweet potato shochu feed decreases.

On the other hand, when the water content is 85% or more (less than 15% dry matter) , the nutrient component in the liquid feed is insufficient, which adversely affects the growth of pigs. In addition, when the water content is 15% or less (over 85% of the dry matter rate) , the liquid feed cannot flow smoothly through the feeding pipeline. In addition, when lactic acid bacteria are less than 0.001 wt%, since lactic acid fermentation requires a long time, it cannot be used effectively. Moreover, since the cost of lactic acid bacteria will become high when it exceeds 0.01 wt%, it is difficult to use it effectively.

Embodiments of the Invention

The following shows the basic configuration of the pipeline feeding system and the pipeline installation status.

  After crushing a blended feed having an average diameter of 2.5 mm or less and an unsweetened sweet potato shochu containing at least α-tocopherol and an alcohol content of 0.1 to 0.5% to an average diameter of 2.5 mm or less, The sweet potato shochu prepared by adding 0.001 to 0.01 wt% of lactic acid bacteria to fermented sweet potato shochu and fermented to pH 3.5 to 4.5, and water, 1.0: 2.5 to 3.5: 0 A liquid feed with a water content of 75% to 85% and a dry matter rate of 15 to 25% was used in the pipeline feeding system.

Experimental example 1

試験約１．５ケ月・約８ケ月・約１年後の甘藷焼酎粕の状況（匂い・ｐＨ値等）を観察測定した結果、対象区以外の各試験区とも約１年間の貯蔵が可能であることが明らかとなった（写真８、９、１０、１１を参照）。400 ml of sweet potato shochu crushed to an average diameter of 2.5 mm or less was collected and put into five sample bottles (September 7, 2006). Target Zone (1): Blank, Test Zone (2): 4 ml sampled from Test Zone (5) and added, Test Zone (3): 0.4 ml sampled from Test Zone (5), added, Test Zone (4): Powdered lactic acid bacteria (Pig-Stabilizer 317; see Photo 7 and summary of lactic acid bacteria) 1/100% added, test group (5): Powdered lactic acid bacteria (Pig-Stabilizer 317) 1/1000% added, and a long-term storage test was carried out. In order to ensure gas venting and aerobic conditions, the bottle stopper was opened halfway and left at room temperature.

As a result of observation and measurement of sweet potato shochu (smell, pH value, etc.) after about 1.5 months, about 8 months, and about 1 year after the test, it can be stored for about 1 year in each test area other than the target area. It became clear (see photos 8, 9, 10, and 11).

  From this, sweet potato shochu can be appropriately mixed throughout the year with a blended feed having an average diameter of 2.5 mm or less, and the water content is 75% to 85%, so that it can flow smoothly through the feeding pipeline. At the same time, the pH of the sweet potato shochu is strongly acidic, 3.8 to 4.2. Furthermore, by lactic acid fermentation to pH 3.5-4.5 with lactic acid bacteria, growth of piglets and beef pigs is promoted, feed costs are saved, meat quality is improved by increasing α-tocopherol, and Escherichia coli and Salmorella are suppressed. As a result, health maintenance such as measures to prevent diarrhea in piglets is improved.

  Liquid feed for pipeline and feeding systems that improve pig farming management, such as the improvement of environmental sanitation in piggeries, such as respiratory disease prevention measures by dust prevention measures, and the reduction of the accident rate due to diseases. Can be provided.

  If the average diameter of the mixed feed exceeds 2.5 mm and the water content is less than 75%, the liquid feed cannot flow smoothly through the feeding pipeline. In addition, when the water content exceeds 85%, the nutritional component (protein) in the liquid feed is insufficient, which adversely affects the growth of pigs.

  Furthermore, when the pH is less than 3.5, the acidity is strong and the preference of the liquid feed is deteriorated. When the pH exceeds 6.0, spoilage is observed and the liquid feed cannot be used.

Experimental example 2

  By the way, using the above-mentioned pipeline feeding system, liquid feed (shochu feed zone) in which compound feed, sweet potato shochu, and water were automatically mixed at a ratio of 1.0: 2.5: 0.5 ) And a liquid feed (water mixing section) in which the mixed feed and water were automatically mixed at a ratio of 1.0: 3.0, a pig pig feeding test was conducted.

In addition, details of the test classification and feeding conditions of each test pig, feed supply amount per head per day, feed request ratio (abbreviated as FCR) and general component analysis values of feed feed entered into the computer As shown in Tables 1-3.

  The test pigs were divided into 96 ternary hybrids WL · D96 (castrated male 48, female 48) into 8 castrated males and 8 females each, with two divisions: shochu (sweet potato) feeding zone and water mixing zone. It was. In addition, the group feeding was carried out by a pipeline feeding system using 6 pigs 12 pig buns consisting of 8 pig buns, steers and females. The test was started when the group average body weight of each pig bunker reached 30Kg, and the live weight of 30 to 65Kg for each section was set to 1: 3 for commercial feed for early fattening (TDN 77%, DCP 14%) vs. sweet potato shochu / water. , Live weight up to 65-110kg, limited feed of commercially available feed for late-stage fattening (TDN 76.5%, DCP 12%) vs. sweet potato shochu and water 1: 3 automatically (twice a day: morning and evening) And reared. Each test pig was slaughtered and disassembled when the live weight reached 110 kg, and various investigations were carried out (see Table 1).

上述した割合で自動混合された甘藷焼酎粕給与区と水混合区の液状飼料の一般成分分析値（表３を参照）は、水分含量７６％〜８３％、粗蛋白質０．５％〜０．６％、粗脂肪１．１％〜１．５％であった。

The feed amount and FCR per head entered into the computer were 30 kg (1.7 kg and 2.85) and 110 kg (2.9 kg and 4.2) (see Table 2). .

The general component analysis values (see Table 3) of the liquid feed of the sweet potato shochu feeding zone and the water mixing zone which were automatically mixed at the above-mentioned ratios are as follows: water content 76% to 83%, crude protein 0.5% to 0.00. It was 6%, crude fat 1.1% -1.5%.

Comparing growth performance by salary method (see Table 4), the overall characteristic is that although the solid content of shochu (about 5%) has been replaced by a computer, In the first fattening period (biological weight of 30 to 65 kg), the shochu feeding group showed an excellent value compared with the water mixing group, but no significant difference was observed between the two.
However, in the late fattening period (biological weight 65-110 kg kg) and in the entire fattening period (biological weight 30-110 kg kg), the feed intake per head (23 kg in the late fattening period, 23 kg in the fattening whole period), which is a survey item especially regarding feed cost saving. 29Kg), in the FCR and TDN / DCP intakes, the shochu-salted section showed significantly superior values, and a significant difference was observed between the two. In other words, effects such as growth improvement and feed cost saving were recognized by the sweet potato shochu feeding.

Comparing the economics of fattening whole period (biological weight 30-110Kg) in both wards (see Table 5), blended feed costs will be reduced, so shochu salary ward (2,488 yen) will be mixed with water Compared with (1,772 yen), there was a profit, and the effect of the sweet potato shochu feeding was clarified.

Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) content in red meat (longest breast muscle: loin meat, biceps femoris: peach meat) and adipose tissue (subcutaneous outer layer / subcutaneous inner layer / peripheral area) collected from 35 test pigs Compared between the two sections (see Table 6), the shochu-salted area has a α-tocopherol content of about 3 times that of red meat and 2.3 to 2.5 times that of adipose tissue compared to the water-mixed area. Increased. As a result, the effect of vitamin E contained in koji as an antioxidant was suggested by feeding sweet potato shochu.

Since the content of vitamin E (α-tocopherol) in the red meat and adipose tissue of beef pigs was significantly increased by the supply of sweet potato shochu, in order to investigate the inhibitory effect of vitamin E on lipid peroxidation, TBA (2 -Thiobarbitur tool) values were measured. The results (see Table 7) show that after the red meat was refrigerated at 0 ° C. for 3 days and malonaldehyde was measured, the shochu salary ward was significantly lower than the water-mixed ward. Became.

  In other words, malonaldehyde is a compound that is produced when unsaturated lipids are peroxidized, and it is known that the TBA value increases as lipid peroxidation (oxidation) proceeds. For this reason, when judged from the results of this time, it was recognized that the lipid peroxidation was suppressed in the shochu-salted ward.

The invention's effect

In the present invention, the sweet potato shochu that is not solid-liquid separated is crushed to an average particle size of 2.5 mm or less. This allows liquid feed to flow smoothly through feeding valves, pipelines, etc. Lactic acid bacteria are added to the unsweetened sweet potato shochu and aerobic to pH 3.5-4.5 at room temperature Because it ferments, it can be preserved without rot throughout the year in the state of sweet potato shochu. Sweet potato shochu is always ready without losing nutritional components such as gerol and alcohol Can sustain the active ingredients of the pigs, so that E. coli and Salmorera can be suppressed and the health of pigs and urine The effect of improving the sanitary environment of pig houses, such as odor prevention measures, and reducing the accident rate due to illness There are fruits.

  In addition, the alcohol content of 0.1% to 0.5% contained in the sweet potato shochu is about 4 hours compared to general breeding management (powder feeding), based on the results of 24-hour behavioral survey of pigs. It became clear that sleep time became longer and the growth was improved.

  In addition, because it is a liquid feed, the prevention of respiratory diseases by dust prevention measures and the lactic acid fermentation, the environmental hygiene of piggeries such as measures to prevent malodor due to manure is improved, and the accident rate due to diseases is reduced. Furthermore, labor saving management in multi-head breeding becomes possible.

Claims (1)

A step of crushing the raw sweet potato shochu lees without solid-liquid separation in the average particle size of not more than 2.5 mm, at room temperature lactobacilli was poured 0.001～0.01Wt% to Sweet Potato SDB was 該破 granulated pH3.5 A process of aerobic fermentation to ˜4.5 and a mixed feed having an average particle size of 2.5 mm or less: fermented sweet potato shochu: water 1.0: 2.5 to 3.5: 0.5 to 1 A method for producing a liquid feed for a pipeline feeding system comprising a step of automatically adjusting the water content to 75 to 85% at a rate of 0.5.