CN112815998A - Tunnel safety monitoring system - Google Patents
Tunnel safety monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112815998A CN112815998A CN202110067430.5A CN202110067430A CN112815998A CN 112815998 A CN112815998 A CN 112815998A CN 202110067430 A CN202110067430 A CN 202110067430A CN 112815998 A CN112815998 A CN 112815998A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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Abstract
The application discloses a tunnel safety monitoring system, which comprises a tunnel longitudinal monitoring device, a tunnel circumferential monitoring device and a data processing device; the tunnel longitudinal monitoring device comprises a marker, a light emitting unit and a light detecting unit, wherein the light emitting unit and the marker are arranged at different positions in the tunnel along the tunnel longitudinal direction; the tunnel circumferential monitoring device comprises a light emitting device, a light receiving device and a plurality of reflectors, wherein the light emitting device, the plurality of reflectors and the light receiving device are sequentially arranged along the circumference of the cross section of the tunnel, and the plurality of reflectors are used for reflecting detection light emitted by the light emitting device to the position of the light receiving device; the data processing device is used for determining displacement information between different position points in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel based on the change of light intensity distribution and determining the annular deformation information of the tunnel based on the light intensity signals output by the light receiving device.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of safety monitoring, in particular to a tunnel safety monitoring system.
Background
The existing method for monitoring the settlement and the inclination of the tunnel basically carries out regular and regular investigation manually, firstly, the method for monitoring manually cannot carry out real-time monitoring, irregular settlement and inclination can be found out through regular and regular investigation, and collapse problems can also be predicted, but the collapse problems cannot be completely lost, and the problems relate to monitoring of property and life safety of people, are completely lost, can find the problems sooner and faster, are the key of monitoring tasks, secondly, the operation level and the working attitude of monitoring personnel have direct influence on monitoring results, and in tunnel collapse accidents, certain important factors are ignored manually, so that a large accident is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a tunnel safety monitoring system, has realized incessant real-time on-line monitoring, can discover the potential safety hazard that the tunnel exists immediately, improves monitoring accuracy and real-time.
An embodiment of the present application provides a tunnel safety monitoring system, including: the system comprises a tunnel longitudinal monitoring device, a tunnel circumferential monitoring device and a data processing device;
the tunnel longitudinal monitoring device comprises: the tunnel light source comprises a marker, a light emitting unit and a light detecting unit, wherein the light emitting unit and the marker are arranged at different positions in a tunnel along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the light emitting unit is used for emitting light signals to the marker, and the light detecting unit is used for detecting the light intensity distribution of the light signals on the marker;
the tunnel hoop monitoring device includes: the tunnel detection device comprises a light emitting device, a light receiving device and a plurality of reflectors, wherein the light emitting device, the plurality of reflectors and the light receiving device are sequentially arranged along the circumference of the cross section of the tunnel, and the plurality of reflectors are used for reflecting detection light emitted by the light emitting device to the position of the light receiving device;
the data processing device is used for determining displacement information between different position points in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel based on the change of the light intensity distribution output by the light detection unit and determining the annular deformation information of the tunnel based on the light intensity signal output by the light receiving device.
Optionally, the plurality of mirrors are respectively disposed at sidewalls and a roof of the tunnel.
Optionally, the data processing apparatus is specifically configured to:
and when the light intensity signal output by the light receiving device is smaller than the early warning light intensity, determining that the annular deformation amount of the tunnel exceeds a warning line, and generating early warning information aiming at the annular tunnel.
Optionally, the light detection unit comprises optical receivers respectively arranged at different positions on the marker, each optical receiver being configured to detect the light intensity at a corresponding position.
Optionally, the data processing apparatus is specifically configured to:
obtaining the light intensity output by each optical receiver in the light detection unit;
and determining the displacement direction and the displacement magnitude between different position points in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel based on the change of the light intensity output by each optical receiver.
Optionally, the data processing apparatus is further configured to:
and determining the change of the inclination angle between different position points in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel according to the included angle between the displacement direction and the vertical direction.
Optionally, the data processing apparatus is further configured to:
determining the ratio of the light intensity output by each optical receiver to the maximum light intensity to obtain the ratio of the light intensity of each optical receiver, wherein the maximum light intensity is the light intensity output by the optical receiver when the optical receiver is positioned in the center of the optical signal;
and determining the displacement direction and the displacement size between different position points in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel based on the light intensity ratio of each optical receiver.
Optionally, the optical receptors on the markers are arranged in a radial pattern.
Optionally, the surface of the marker facing the light emitting unit comprises a locator, the light detecting unit comprises an image collecting device for collecting an image of the marker irradiated by the light signal, and the image comprises the light intensity distribution of the light signal on the marker and the locator;
the data processing apparatus is specifically configured to:
determining the position of a light intensity central point in the image based on the image acquired by the image acquisition equipment;
and determining displacement information between different position points in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel based on the relative positions of the light intensity central point and the locator.
Optionally, a light-transmitting front end surface of the light detection unit is plated with a water-phobic film, and a light-transmitting front end surface of the light receiving device is plated with a water-phobic film.
Optionally, the system further includes a dust detection unit, and lens covers are respectively disposed at front ends of the light detection unit and the light receiving device;
when the dust detection unit detects that the dust scattering light intensity around the light detection unit is greater than a first preset light intensity, a lens cover at the front end of the light detection unit is in a closed state; when the dust detection unit detects that the scattering light intensity of dust around the light detection unit is not greater than a first preset light intensity, a lens cover at the front end of the light detection unit is in a closed state;
when the dust detection unit detects that the dust scattering light intensity around the light receiving device is greater than a second preset light intensity, the lens cover at the front end of the light receiving device is in a closed state; when the dust detection unit detects that the scattering light intensity of dust around the light receiving device is not larger than a second preset light intensity, the lens cover at the front end of the light receiving device is in a closed state.
Optionally, the system further comprises a blowing member and a dust detection unit;
the blowing component is used for conveying air flow to the front end of the light detection unit to blow away dust at the front end of the light detection unit if the dust detection unit detects that the dust scattering light intensity around the light detection unit is greater than a first preset light intensity, and conveying air flow to the front end of the light receiving device to blow away dust at the front end of the light receiving device if the dust detection unit detects that the dust scattering light intensity around the light receiving device is greater than a second preset light intensity.
Optionally, the system further includes a vibration sensor disposed in the tunnel, and the data processing device is configured to determine whether an accident or a disaster occurs based on a vibration signal output by the vibration sensor.
The tunnel safety monitoring system that this application embodiment provided carries out incessant real-time supervision to the tunnel at vertical and annular deformation through vertical monitoring devices in tunnel, tunnel hoop monitoring devices, and the system is from taking data analysis function, can carry out the analysis of tunnel potential safety hazard according to the data that detect in real time, finds the settlement that the tunnel exists, the problem of astringing, camber scheduling immediately to fix a position the concrete position that takes place deformation high-efficiently. Compared with a manual monitoring mode, the method eliminates the interference of human factors, is beneficial to improving the monitoring accuracy and the real-time performance, and ensures the personnel safety.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel safety monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic view illustrating a tunnel longitudinal monitoring device provided in a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a tunnel circumferential monitoring device disposed in a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4a to 4c are schematic diagrams illustrating an arrangement manner of optical receivers on a marker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5a to 5c are schematic views illustrating a positional relationship between an optical receiver and an optical signal on a marker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other; moreover, based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It is noted that various aspects of the embodiments are described below within the scope of the appended claims. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and/or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the disclosure, one skilled in the art should appreciate that one aspect described herein may be implemented independently of any other aspects and that two or more of these aspects may be combined in various ways. For example, an apparatus may be implemented and/or a method practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. Additionally, such an apparatus may be implemented and/or such a method may be practiced using other structure and/or functionality in addition to one or more of the aspects set forth herein.
For convenience of understanding, terms referred to in the embodiments of the present application are explained below:
the tunnel is vertical: i.e. the tunnel axial direction, the tunnel advancement direction.
And (3) circumferential direction of the tunnel: the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel forms a circumferential direction.
A light emitting device: a device capable of generating an optical signal. The light emitter in the embodiment of the application can be a laser for generating optical signals of specific wave bands, the collimation of the laser is good, the brightness is high, the divergence angle is small, and the monitoring precision and accuracy can be improved. The Light emitter in the embodiment of the present application may also be a common Light source device, such as an LED (Light-Emitting Diode), and for a common Light source, the emitted Light signal may be focused by an optical system, so as to improve the collimation of the Light signal.
A light receiving device: i.e., a photosensor, is a device that converts an optical signal into an electrical signal, including but not limited to: phototube, photomultiplier, photoresistor, photodiode, phototriode, photocell, etc. In the embodiment of the application, the optical receiver sensitive to the waveband can be selected according to the waveband of the optical signal emitted by the selected optical transmitter.
This is explained in detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description. Although the embodiments of the present application provide the method operation steps as shown in the following embodiments or figures, more or less operation steps may be included in the method based on the conventional or non-inventive labor. In steps where no necessary causal relationship exists logically, the order of execution of the steps is not limited to that provided by the embodiments of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a tunnel safety monitoring system, including: a plurality of longitudinal tunnel monitoring devices 10, a plurality of circumferential tunnel monitoring devices 20 and a data processing device 30.
Wherein each tunnel longitudinal monitoring device 10 comprises: the tunnel light source comprises a marker 101, a light emitting unit 102 and a light detecting unit 103, wherein the light emitting unit 102 and the marker 101 are arranged at different positions in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel in the tunnel, the light emitting unit 102 is used for emitting light signals to the marker 101, and the light detecting unit 103 is used for detecting the light intensity distribution of the light signals on the marker 101. Accordingly, the data processing device 30 is configured to determine displacement information between different position points in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel based on the change in the light intensity distribution output from the light detection unit 103.
The plurality of longitudinal tunnel monitoring devices 10 are respectively installed at different positions in the tunnel, for example, at least one longitudinal tunnel monitoring device 10 is installed at intervals (for example, 5 meters or 10 meters) in the tunnel, that is, the tunnel is divided into a plurality of sections along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, one or more longitudinal tunnel monitoring devices 10 are installed in each section, and the longitudinal tunnel monitoring devices 10 in the same section can be respectively installed on the side wall, the top or the bottom of the tunnel, which can be specifically referred to the installation manner of fig. 2. Taking a tunnel longitudinal monitoring device 10 as an example, it is assumed that the light emitting unit 102 is disposed at a first monitoring point in the tunnel, the marker 101 is disposed at a second monitoring point in the tunnel, the first monitoring point and the second monitoring point are two different position points in the tunnel longitudinal direction, the light detecting unit 103 is disposed at a position where light on the marker 101 can be detected, and not limited herein, the light emitting unit 102 is configured to emit a light signal to the marker 101 at the second monitoring point, the light detecting unit 103 is configured to detect a light intensity distribution of the light signal on the marker 101, and the data processing device 30 is configured to determine displacement information of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point based on a change in the light intensity distribution output by the light detecting unit 103.
The displacement information in the embodiment of the present application may include a displacement direction and a displacement size (i.e., a distance moved in the displacement direction). Further, the inclination angle change of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point can be further determined based on the displacement direction, and structural changes of the tunnel, such as settlement, convergence and camber, as well as the distance of settlement, convergence inclination angle and camber inclination angle, can be determined based on the displacement direction, the displacement magnitude and the inclination angle change, so as to obtain more refined monitoring data.
In specific implementation, in order to adjust the position of the light emitting unit 102 conveniently, so that the light signal emitted by the light emitting unit 102 irradiates on the marker 101 at the second monitoring point corresponding to the first monitoring point, an adjusting frame may be fixed at the first monitoring point, and then the light emitting unit 102 is mounted on the adjusting frame, and by an adjusting mechanism on the adjusting frame, the vertical height, the horizontal displacement, and the pitch deflection of the light emitting unit 102 relative to the marker 101 at the second monitoring point are adjusted, so that the light signal emitted by the light emitting unit 102 irradiates on the marker 101 at a designated position, which may be any point preset on the marker 101, and is not limited here, although the designated position may be the central point of the marker 101. After the position of the light emitting unit 102 is adjusted, the adjusting mechanism can be locked, and it is ensured that the light emitting unit 102 and the adjusting frame do not move or incline relatively in the monitoring process. In addition, the adjusting frame can be fixed at the first monitoring point and the marker 101 is fixed at the second monitoring point by means of gluing, mechanical fixing and the like, so that relative movement and inclination between the adjusting frame and the first monitoring point and between the marker 101 and the second monitoring point are avoided, and the misjudgment rate of the monitoring result is reduced.
The size of the marker 101 may be determined according to the actual application scenario, the distance between the first monitoring point and the second monitoring point, and the like. For example, when the distance between the first monitoring point and the second monitoring point is 5 to 10 meters, the marker 101 may be a square with a side length of 5 to 10cm, a similar rectangle, or a circle with a diameter of 5 to 10 cm.
The light signal emitted from the light emitting unit 102 is irradiated to the marker 101 to form a light spot. Each light emitting unit 102 corresponds to one light detecting unit 103, and the light detecting unit 103 is used for monitoring the light intensity distribution on the corresponding marker 101, i.e., the light intensity distribution of the light spot formed on the marker 101 by the light signal, so that the light detecting unit 103 needs to be fixed at a position where the corresponding marker 101 can be detected.
Specifically, taking a tunnel longitudinal monitoring device 10 as an example, the data processing device 30 may analyze the light intensity distribution acquired by the light detection unit 103 each time, determine the light intensity center point of the current light intensity distribution, that is, the position point with the maximum light intensity on the marker 101, calculate the relative displacement between the light intensity center point of the current light intensity distribution and the light intensity center point of the initial light intensity distribution, and further determine the displacement information of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point. Specifically, the displacement direction and the displacement size of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point can be determined based on the relative displacement between the light intensity central point of the current light intensity distribution and the light intensity central point of the initial light intensity distribution, and the inclination angle change of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point can be determined based on the included angle between the displacement direction and the vertical direction. For example, when the current light intensity central point coincides with the initial light intensity central point, or the displacement and inclination angle change between the current light intensity central point and the initial light intensity central point are within the error allowable range, it can be determined that no relative displacement occurs between the first monitoring point and the second monitoring point at the moment; when the current light intensity central point is positioned above the initial light intensity central point and the displacement between the current light intensity central point and the initial light intensity central point exceeds the error allowable range, the second monitoring point can be determined to be settled relative to the first monitoring point; when the current light intensity central point is positioned below the initial light intensity central point and the displacement between the current light intensity central point and the initial light intensity central point exceeds the error allowable range, the first monitoring point can be determined to be settled relative to the second monitoring point; when the current light intensity central point is positioned on the left side or the right side of the initial light intensity central point, and the displacement between the current light intensity central point and the initial light intensity central point exceeds the error allowable range, it can be determined that the second monitoring point moves in the horizontal direction relative to the first monitoring point, such as inclining towards the inside of the tunnel (inwards converging for short) or inclining towards the outside of the tunnel (outwards inclining for short), and specifically, the inwards converging or outwards inclining needs to be determined according to the positions of the first monitoring point and the second monitoring point, and at the moment, the inclination angle change of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point can be determined according to the included angle between the displacement direction of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point and the vertical direction, so that the inwards converging angle or outwards inclining angle can be obtained.
Taking a section of tunnel in fig. 2 as an example, four longitudinal tunnel monitoring devices 10 are arranged in the section of tunnel, wherein a first longitudinal tunnel monitoring device 10 is arranged on the left side wall in the tunnel, the first longitudinal tunnel monitoring device 10 comprises a first marker 101-1, a first light emitting unit 102-1 and a first light detecting unit (not shown in fig. 2), a second longitudinal tunnel monitoring device 10 is arranged on the top of the tunnel, the second longitudinal tunnel monitoring device 10 comprises a second marker 101-2, a second light emitting unit 102-2 and a second light detecting unit (not shown in fig. 2), a third longitudinal tunnel monitoring device 10 comprises a third marker 101-3, a third light emitting unit 102-3 and a third light detecting unit (not shown in fig. 2), and the fourth longitudinal tunnel monitoring device 10 comprises a fourth marker 101-3, a fourth marker 101-3, A fourth light emitting unit 102-3 and a fourth light detecting unit (not shown in fig. 2).
Taking the first tunnel longitudinal monitoring device 10 in fig. 2 as an example, the first light emitting unit 102-1 sends a light signal to the first marker 101-1, the corresponding first light detecting unit collects the light intensity distribution on the first marker 101-1 and sends the light intensity distribution to the data processing device 30, and the data processing device 30 analyzes the light intensity distribution on the first marker 101-1: when the current light intensity central point is overlapped with the initial light intensity central point, or the displacement and inclination angle change between the current light intensity central point and the initial light intensity central point is within an error allowable range, it can be determined that no relative displacement and inclination occur between a first monitoring point where the first light emitting unit 102-1 is located and a second monitoring point where the first marker 101-1 is located at the moment; when the current light intensity central point is positioned above the initial light intensity central point and the displacement in the vertical direction exceeds the error allowable range, the second monitoring point where the first marker 101-1 is positioned can be determined to be settled relative to the first monitoring point where the first light emitting unit 102-1 is positioned; when the current light intensity central point is positioned below the initial light intensity central point and the displacement in the vertical direction exceeds the error allowable range, the settlement of the first monitoring point relative to the second monitoring point can be determined; when the current light intensity central point is positioned on the left side of the initial light intensity central point and the displacement in the horizontal direction exceeds the error allowable range, the second monitoring point can be determined to move rightwards relative to the first monitoring point, the second monitoring point can be further determined to be inwardly converged or the first monitoring point can be further determined to be outwardly inclined, and the angle of the inwardly converged or outwardly inclined is determined based on the displacement direction of the current light intensity central point between the initial light intensity central points and the included angle between the displacement direction and the vertical direction; when the displacement of the current light intensity central point on the right side of the initial light intensity central point in the horizontal direction exceeds the error allowable range, the second monitoring point can be determined to move leftwards relative to the first monitoring point, the second monitoring point can be further determined to have camber or the first monitoring point can be further determined to have convergence, the displacement direction of the current light intensity central point between the initial light intensity central points is determined, and the angle of the convergence or the camber is determined based on the included angle between the displacement direction and the vertical direction. In the above example, the first monitoring point refers to the position where the first light emitting unit 102-1 is located, and the second monitoring point where the first marker 101-1 is located refers to the position where the first marker 101-1 is located.
During the monitoring process, the light emitting unit 102 may continuously emit the light signal, or may emit the light signal once every predetermined time period, for example, once every 10 seconds. The light detection unit 103 may continuously transmit the detected light intensity distribution to the data processing device 30, or may transmit the detected light intensity distribution to the data processing device 30 every predetermined time, for example, transmit an optical signal every 10 seconds, to reduce the amount of data transmission and the amount of data processing. The predetermined time period may be set according to actual requirements, such as 5 seconds, 10 seconds, 1 minute, etc., but should not be selected to be too large for safety.
Having described the longitudinal tunnel monitoring device 10, the circumferential tunnel monitoring device 20 will now be described in detail.
In one embodiment, a circumferential monitoring device 20 may be disposed at regular intervals (e.g., 5 meters or 10 meters) along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. Wherein, each tunnel hoop monitoring device 20 includes: the tunnel comprises a light emitting device 201, a light receiving device 202 and a plurality of reflecting mirrors 203, wherein the light emitting device 201, the plurality of reflecting mirrors 203 and the light receiving device 202 are sequentially arranged along the circumference of the cross section of the tunnel, and the plurality of reflecting mirrors 203 are used for reflecting detection light emitted by the light emitting device 201 to the position of the light receiving device 202. Accordingly, the data processing device 30 is configured to determine deformation information of the tunnel ring direction based on the light intensity signal output by the light receiving device 202.
Further, one tunnel loop direction monitoring device 20 may include two or more reflecting mirrors 203, and the plurality of reflecting mirrors 203 of the tunnel loop direction monitoring device 20 may be respectively disposed at the sidewall and the top of the tunnel, and the angle of each reflecting mirror 203 is adjusted so that the detection light emitted from the light emitting device 201 sequentially passes through the plurality of reflecting mirrors 203 and finally strikes the light receiving device 202. FIG. 3 shows an arrangement of a tunnel circumferential direction monitoring device 20 along a cross section of a tunnel, wherein a light reflecting device 201 can be disposed on a side wall of one side of the tunnel near a bottom, a light receiving device 202 can be disposed on a side wall of the other side of the tunnel near the bottom, a first reflecting mirror 203-1 is disposed on the side wall of one side of the tunnel, a second reflecting mirror 203-2 is disposed on a top of the tunnel, a third reflecting mirror 203-3 is disposed on the side wall of the other side of the tunnel, the light reflecting device 201, the light receiving device 202 and each reflecting mirror 203 can be fixed in the tunnel by an adjusting frame, and an angle of detecting light emitted by the light reflecting device 201, an angle of reflecting light reflected by each reflecting mirror 203, and an angle of receiving light received by the light receiving device 202 are adjusted by an adjusting mechanism on the adjusting frame, so that the detecting light emitted by the light reflecting device 201 is sequentially reflected by the, The second mirror 203-2 and the third mirror 203-3 reflect and are finally received by the light receiving device 202. When the tunnel ring is not deformed, the light intensity received by the light receiving device 202 remains unchanged; when the tunnel ring is deformed, for example, the side wall of the tunnel is inclined and the top of the tunnel is collapsed, the angle of the reflector 203 at the corresponding position is slightly changed, so that the light path of the detection light is changed, and at this time, the light intensity received by the light receiving device 202 is reduced, or even the detection light cannot be received. Therefore, the smaller the light intensity signal received by the light receiving device 202 is, the greater the deformation amount of the tunnel loop direction is, and based on this, the data processing apparatus 30 is specifically configured to: when the light intensity signal output by the light receiving device 202 is smaller than the early warning light intensity, it is determined that the deformation amount in the tunnel loop direction exceeds the warning line, and early warning information for the tunnel loop direction is generated. Wherein, the concrete numerical value of early warning light intensity can be set for according to practical application demand, and this application embodiment does not limit.
The data processing device 30 in the embodiment of the present Application may be a general-purpose Processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, a discrete Gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component.
In practical application, the tunnel longitudinal monitoring device 10, the tunnel circumferential monitoring device 20, and the data processing device 30 may communicate with each other in a wired or wireless manner, and may specifically be implemented by using wireless sensor network technologies such as Zigbee, IEEE 802.11, 3G, 4G, 5G, and the like.
The tunnel safety monitoring system of this application embodiment carries out incessant real-time supervision to the tunnel at vertical and annular deformation through vertical monitoring devices 10 in tunnel, tunnel hoop monitoring devices 20, and the system is from taking data analysis function, can carry out the analysis of tunnel potential safety hazard according to the data that detect in real time, finds the settlement that the tunnel exists, the problem of astringing, camber etc. immediately to fix a position the concrete position that takes place deformation high-efficiently. Compared with a manual monitoring mode, the method eliminates the interference of human factors, is beneficial to improving the monitoring accuracy and the real-time performance, and ensures the personnel safety.
In specific implementation, the specific installation position of the light detection unit 103 is determined according to the type of the selected light detection unit 103. Specifically, the light detection unit 103 may be an optical receiver, or may be a camera.
Taking an optical receiver as an example, one light detection unit 103 includes optical receivers respectively disposed at different positions on the same marker 101, each optical receiver is used for detecting the light intensity at the corresponding position, and the electrical signal output by the optical receiver is positively correlated with the light intensity at the corresponding position.
Specifically, the optical receivers on the marker 101 may be arranged in a radial distribution manner, for example, one optical receiver of the plurality of optical receivers is located at the center of the marker, and the other optical receivers are uniformly distributed around the center of the marker; or the optical receivers on the markers may be arranged in a grid. Fig. 4a to 4c show three possible arrangements of optical receivers on the marker 101, each circle in fig. 4a to 4c representing an optical receiver.
Based on this, the data processing device 30 is specifically configured to: obtaining the light intensity output by each optical receiver in the light detection unit 103; and determining the displacement direction and the displacement magnitude between different position points in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel based on the change of the light intensity output by each optical receiver.
Further, the data processing device 30 is further configured to: and determining the change of the inclination angle between different position points in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel according to the included angle between the displacement direction and the vertical direction.
Taking the arrangement of fig. 4a as an example, at the initial time, the optical signal output by the optical transmitting unit 102 is located at the center of the marker 101, i.e. the amplitude of the signal output by the first optical receiver 401 located at the center is the largest, and the amplitudes of the signals output by the other optical receivers are smaller. In the monitoring process, if the amplitude of the signal output by the first optical receiver 401 is not changed or the change is within the error allowable range, it is determined that the first monitoring point and the second monitoring point are not subjected to relative displacement and inclination; when the amplitude of the signal output by the first optical receiver 401 becomes smaller, the amplitude of the signal output by the second optical receiver 402 becomes larger, and the amplitude of the signal output by the third optical receiver 403 and the fifth optical receiver 405 changes less, it indicates that the displacement direction of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point is downward and the change of the inclination angle is smaller, that is, the light intensity central point moves upward, and it can be determined that the second monitoring point has settled relative to the first monitoring point; when the amplitude of the signal output by the first optical receiver 401 becomes smaller, the amplitude of the signal output by the fourth optical receiver 404 becomes larger, and the amplitude of the signal output by the third optical receiver 403 and the fifth optical receiver 405 changes less, it indicates that the displacement direction of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point is upward and the change of the inclination angle is smaller, that is, the light intensity central point moves downward, and it can be determined that the first monitoring point has settled relative to the second monitoring point; when the amplitude of the signal output by the first optical receiver 401 becomes smaller and the amplitude of the signal output by the third optical receiver 403 becomes larger, it indicates that the displacement direction of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point is left, that is, the light intensity center point moves to the right, specifically, convergence or camber, and needs to be determined by combining the positions of the monitoring points; when the amplitude of the signal output by the first optical receiver 401 becomes smaller and the amplitude of the signal output by the fifth optical receiver 405 becomes larger, it indicates that the displacement direction of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point is right, i.e. the light intensity center point moves to the left, specifically, the light intensity center point is convergent or camber, and the position determination needs to be combined with the position determination of the monitoring point. Of course, the displacement direction may also be left upper, left lower, right upper or right lower, for example, when the amplitude of the signal output by the first optical receiver 401 becomes smaller and the amplitudes of the signals output by the second optical receiver 402 and the third optical receiver 403 become larger, it indicates that the displacement direction of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point is right lower, i.e. the light intensity center point moves to the upper left of the marker, and it can be determined that the second monitoring point has settled relative to the first monitoring point and the first monitoring point or the second monitoring point has converged or tilted inward or outward.
Further, the data processing device 30 may further determine a ratio of the light intensity output by each optical receiver to the maximum light intensity to obtain the light intensity ratio of each optical receiver, and determine the distance (i.e., the displacement) of the second monitoring point in the displacement direction relative to the first monitoring point based on the light intensity ratio of each optical receiver, wherein the maximum light intensity is the light intensity output when the optical receiver is located at the center of the optical signal. WhereinThe light signal emitted from the light emitting unit 102 forms a circular light spot on the marker 101, and the light intensity I of any point x on the circular light spotx=I0×k/rnWherein, I0The light intensity at the center of the circular light spot is determined, r is the distance from a point x to the center of the circular light spot (the light intensity central point), and k and n are coefficients according to the energy distribution mode satisfied by the circular light spot. Based on the ratio of the light intensity of each optical receiver, a more subtle change in displacement can be determined and a specific distance of movement determined.
FIG. 5a shows the light intensity distribution on the marker 101 at the initial moment, the light signal output by the light emitting unit is located at the center of the marker 101, and the light intensity output by the first optical receiver 401 is I0. FIG. 5b shows the light intensity distribution on the marker 101 at time T1, where the light intensity output by the first optical receiver 401 is decreased, and the light intensity output by the second optical receiver 402 is increased, indicating that the displacement direction of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point is downward, i.e. the light intensity center point 50 is moved upward, it can be determined that the second monitoring point has settled relative to the first monitoring point, and at this time, the light intensity output by the first optical receiver 401 is I1Then the first optical receiver 401 is at a distance of the light intensity center point
I.e. the second monitoring point is set back from the first monitoring point by a distance of
。
When the method is specifically implemented, the light intensity central point on the marker can be determined according to the light intensity output by the 3 optical receivers, and then the information such as the displacement size, the displacement direction, the inclination angle and the like of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point is determined. With the light intensity distribution on the marker 101 at the time T2 in FIG. 5c, the light intensity output by the first optical receiver 401 is I1The light intensity output by the second optical receiver 402 is I2The light intensity output by the third optical receiver 403 is I3Then the distance of the first optical receiver 401 from the light intensity center point 50 can be determined as
The second optical receiver 402 is located at a distance of 50 from the light intensity center point
The third optical receiver 403 is at a distance of 50 from the light intensity center point
The coordinates of the first optical receiver 401 are: (x 1 ,y 1 ) The coordinates of the second optical receiver 402 are: (x 2 ,y 2 ) The coordinates of the third optical receiver 403 are: (x 3 ,y 3 ) Let the coordinate of the light intensity center point 50 be: (x c ,y c ) Then, the coordinates of the light intensity center point 50 can be obtained by solving the following equation (x c ,y c ）：
Further, taking FIG. 5c as an example, based on the coordinates of the light intensity center point 50: (x c ,y c ) And the coordinates of the first optical receiver 401 are: (x 1 ,y 1 ) And determining the displacement direction, and determining the inclination angle theta of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point based on the included angle between the displacement direction and the vertical direction.
Taking the image capturing apparatus as an example, at this time, a locator is provided on a surface of the marker 101 facing the light emitting unit 102, and the locator may be a cross, a dot, or other symbol drawn on the marker 101. The light detection unit 103 includes an image pickup device for picking up an image of the marker 101 irradiated with the light signal, the picked-up image including a light intensity distribution of the light signal on the marker 101 and a locator.
In a specific implementation, the image capturing device may be disposed at any position as long as it can clearly capture the image of the surface of the marker 101 facing the light emitting unit 102. For example, the image capturing device may be disposed at a first monitoring point, where the image capturing device and the light emitting unit 102 are coaxial and the relative position of the two is fixed; or the image acquisition device can be arranged at a second monitoring point to ensure that the image of the surface of the marker 101 on the side opposite to the light emitting unit 102 is acquired.
Based on this, the data processing device 30 may determine the position of the light intensity central point in the image based on the image collected by the image collecting device, and then determine the displacement information between different position points in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel based on the relative positions of the light intensity central point and the locator, that is, determine the displacement change of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point. Specifically, the displacement direction of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point and the distance that the second monitoring point moves in the displacement direction relative to the first monitoring point can be determined based on the relative positions of the light intensity center point and the locator.
Specifically, based on an image recognition method, a brightest point in the image is determined, the point is located at a position which is a coordinate (x 1, y 1) of the light intensity central point, then a coordinate (x 0, y 0) of a locator in the image is recognized, based on the coordinate (x 1, y 1) and the coordinate (x 0, y 0), the position of the light intensity central point relative to the locator and the distance between the light intensity central point and the locator can be determined, and further displacement information such as the displacement direction of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point, the displacement distance of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point in the displacement direction and the inclination angle of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point can be determined.
In any of the above embodiments, the light-transmitting front end surface of the light detection unit 103 is coated with a water-phobic film, and the light-transmitting front end surface of the light receiving device 202 is coated with a water-phobic film. The water-repellent film is also called a Hydrophobic (Hydrophobic) film, and can prevent the light-transmitting front end surfaces of the light detection unit 103 and the light receiving device 202 from adsorbing water. The front end surface refers to a light-transmitting window surface directly contacting with the outside on the device light detection unit 103 and the light receiving device 202, and is used for receiving light signals. By the water-phobic film, water on the front end faces of the light detection unit 103 and the light receiving device 202 is reduced, and the light intensity detection accuracy is improved to adapt to a severe environment in a tunnel.
In any of the above embodiments, the front ends of the light detection units 103 are respectively provided with lens covers. When the light detection unit 103 detects that the intensity of the scattered light of the dust is greater than the first preset light intensity, the lens cover at the front end of the light detection unit 103 is in a closed state, and when the light detection unit 103 detects that the intensity of the scattered light of the dust is not greater than the first preset light intensity, the lens cover at the front end of the light detection unit 103 is in a closed state. The first preset light intensity can be set according to the actual application requirement, and is not particularly limited.
On the basis of any one of the above embodiments, the tunnel safety monitoring system further comprises a dust detection unit for detecting dust in the tunnel. Specifically, a dust detection unit may be configured for each longitudinal tunnel monitoring device 10 and each circumferential tunnel monitoring device 20, and is used for detecting dust conditions around each longitudinal tunnel monitoring device 10 and each circumferential tunnel monitoring device 20.
In specific implementation, for each tunnel longitudinal monitoring device 10, the corresponding dust detection unit may be a light receiving device arranged in parallel and in the same direction as the light emitting unit 102, and when there is no dust around the tunnel longitudinal monitoring device 10, the light emitted by the light emitting unit 102 is not scattered back, so that the dust detection unit does not detect an optical signal; when dust exists around the tunnel longitudinal monitoring device 10, the surrounding dust scatters light emitted by the light emission unit 102, and at this time, the dust detection unit detects the light scattered by the dust, and the larger the dust concentration is, the larger the light scattered by the dust detected by the dust detection unit is.
In specific implementation, for each tunnel longitudinal monitoring device 10, the corresponding dust detection unit may also be the light detection unit 103. For example, when the light intensities output from the plurality of optical receivers in the light detection unit 103 are all uniformly reduced, it can be determined that dust occurs around the light detection unit 103, and the larger the magnitude of the reduction in the light intensity, the larger the dust concentration. When the light detection unit 103 is a camera, it can be determined that dust occurs around the light detection unit 103 if an image taken by the camera is blurred, and the more blurred the image, the greater the dust concentration.
Based on this, the front end of the light detection unit 103 may also be provided with a lens cover. When the dust detection unit corresponding to the light detection unit 103 detects that the scattering light intensity of surrounding dust is greater than a first preset light intensity, the lens cover at the front end of the light detection unit is in a closed state; when the dust detection unit detects that the scattering light intensity of dust around is not greater than a first preset light intensity, the lens cover at the front end of the light detection unit is in a closed state. The first preset light intensity can be set according to the actual application requirement, and is not particularly limited.
In specific implementation, for each tunnel ring direction monitoring device 20, the corresponding dust detection unit may be a light receiving device arranged in parallel and in the same direction as the light emitting device 201, and when there is no dust around the tunnel ring direction monitoring device 20, the light emitted by the light emitting device 201 will not be scattered back, so the dust detection unit will not detect the light signal; when there is the dust around the tunnel hoop monitoring devices 20, the light that light emission device 201 jetted out can be scattered to dust on every side, and the light of dust scattering can be detected to the dust detecting element this moment, and the dust concentration is big more, and the dust scattering light intensity that the dust detecting element detected is big more.
In specific implementation, when the light receiving device 202 in the tunnel ring direction monitoring apparatus 20 is an array formed by a plurality of optical receivers, the corresponding dust detection unit may also be the light receiving device 202. For example, when the light intensities output from the plurality of optical receivers in the light receiving device 202 are all uniformly reduced, it can be determined that dust occurs around the light receiving device 202, and the larger the magnitude of the reduction in the light intensity, the larger the dust concentration.
Based on this, the front end of the light receiving device 202 may also be provided with a lens cover. When the dust detection unit corresponding to the light receiving device 202 detects that the scattering light intensity of the dust around is greater than the second preset light intensity, the lens cover at the front end of the light receiving device 202 is in a closed state, and when the dust detection unit corresponding to the light receiving device 202 detects that the scattering light intensity of the dust around is not greater than the second preset light intensity, the lens cover at the front end of the light receiving device 202 is in a closed state. The second preset light intensity can be set according to the actual application requirement, and is not particularly limited.
The light detection unit 103 and the light receiving device 202 can be prevented from being contaminated by lens covers at the front ends of the light detection unit 103 and the light receiving device 202. The light detection unit 103 and the lens cover at the front end of the light receiving device 202 may be automatically closed when the tunnel safety monitoring system stops working.
On the basis of any one of the above embodiments, the tunnel safety monitoring system further comprises an air blowing component. Specifically, each light detection unit 103 may be configured with an air blowing member, and if the dust detection unit detects that the intensity of the scattered light of dust around the light detection unit 103 is greater than a first preset light intensity, the air blowing member corresponding to the light detection unit 103 sends an air flow to the front end of the light detection unit 103 to blow off the dust at the front end of the light detection unit 103. Similarly, an air blowing member may be configured for each light receiving device 202, and if the dust detection unit detects that the intensity of the dust scattering around the light receiving device 202 is greater than the second predetermined intensity, the air blowing member corresponding to the light receiving device 202 sends an air flow to the front end of the light receiving device 202 to blow away the dust at the front end of the light receiving device 202.
In a specific implementation, the air blowing member may include a fan, and the air blowing member may be installed at the side of the light detection unit 103 and the light receiving device 202 to prevent light from being blocked. The air blowing member may further include a duct having one end disposed at the front ends of the light detecting unit 103 and the light receiving device 202 and the other end disposed with a fan, and an air flow generated by the fan is guided to the front ends of the light detecting unit 103 and the light receiving device 202 through the duct to blow off dust at the front ends.
Through the air blowing component, dust at the front ends of the light detection unit 103 and the light receiving device 202 is reduced, and the light intensity detection accuracy is improved so as to adapt to severe environment in the tunnel.
On the basis of any of the above embodiments, the tunnel safety monitoring system further includes a vibration sensor disposed in the tunnel, and the data processing device 30 is configured to determine whether an accident or a disaster occurs based on a vibration signal output by the vibration sensor. For example, it is possible to monitor whether or not accident disasters such as explosion, collapse, earthquake, etc. occur in and around the tunnel, and output alarm information.
On the basis of any one of the above embodiments, the tunnel safety monitoring system provided based on the embodiments of the present application may further include a display, and the display is connected to the data processing device 30. The data processing device 30 processes data of each monitoring point in the tunnel to obtain deformation amounts at each position in the longitudinal direction and the circumferential direction of the tunnel, generates corresponding graphs, and displays the graphs through a display. The monitoring data can be transmitted to a relatively safe area outside the tunnel for processing and displaying, and the personal safety of operating personnel is guaranteed.
On the basis of any one of the foregoing embodiments, the tunnel safety monitoring system provided based on the embodiment of the present application may further include an alarm device, the alarm device is connected to the data processing device 30, and the alarm device is configured to send out alarm information when a change of the displacement information of the second monitoring point relative to the first monitoring point exceeds an early warning threshold, where the early warning threshold may be set according to an actual application requirement. The data processing device 30 analyzes and processes the data of each monitoring point, when the change of the displacement information of a certain monitoring point exceeds an early warning threshold value, the alarm device can be controlled to send alarm information at the first time, and the number, the position and the specific numerical value of the change of the displacement information of the monitoring point and the structural deformation (such as settlement, inward convergence and outward inclination) of which type are generated are displayed on the display, so that the safety risk is reduced, more tunnel deformation information is provided for an operator, the operator is helped to know the condition inside the tunnel, appropriate countermeasures are rapidly taken, and the problem is efficiently solved.
Likewise, when the light intensity signal output by the light receiving device 202 is less than the warning light intensity, warning information for the circumferential direction of the tunnel may be output by the warning device, and the warning information may include a deformation position and a deformation amount.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A tunnel safety monitoring system, comprising: the system comprises a tunnel longitudinal monitoring device, a tunnel circumferential monitoring device and a data processing device;
the tunnel longitudinal monitoring device comprises: the tunnel light source comprises a marker, a light emitting unit and a light detecting unit, wherein the light emitting unit and the marker are arranged at different positions in a tunnel along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the light emitting unit is used for emitting light signals to the marker, and the light detecting unit is used for detecting the light intensity distribution of the light signals on the marker;
the tunnel hoop monitoring device includes: the tunnel detection device comprises a light emitting device, a light receiving device and a plurality of reflectors, wherein the light emitting device, the plurality of reflectors and the light receiving device are sequentially arranged along the circumference of the cross section of the tunnel, and the plurality of reflectors are used for reflecting detection light emitted by the light emitting device to the position of the light receiving device;
the data processing device is used for determining displacement information between different position points in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel based on the change of the light intensity distribution output by the light detection unit and determining the annular deformation information of the tunnel based on the light intensity signal output by the light receiving device.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of mirrors are disposed at sidewalls and a roof of the tunnel, respectively.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the data processing apparatus is specifically configured to:
and when the light intensity signal output by the light receiving device is smaller than the early warning light intensity, determining that the annular deformation amount of the tunnel exceeds a warning line, and generating early warning information aiming at the annular tunnel.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the light detection unit comprises optical receivers respectively disposed at different positions on the marker, each optical receiver being configured to detect light intensity at a corresponding position;
the data processing apparatus is specifically configured to: obtaining the light intensity output by each optical receiver in the light detection unit; and determining the displacement direction and the displacement magnitude between different position points in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel based on the change of the light intensity output by each optical receiver.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the data processing device is further configured to: and determining the change of the inclination angle between different position points in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel according to the included angle between the displacement direction and the vertical direction.
6. The system according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the marker facing the light emitting unit comprises a locator, the light detecting unit comprises an image capturing device for capturing an image of the marker illuminated by the light signal, the image comprising a light intensity distribution of the light signal on the marker and the locator;
the data processing apparatus is specifically configured to: determining the position of a light intensity central point in the image based on the image acquired by the image acquisition equipment; and determining displacement information between different position points in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel based on the relative positions of the light intensity central point and the locator.
7. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the light-transmitting front end surface of the light detection unit is coated with a water-phobic film, and the light-transmitting front end surface of the light receiving device is coated with a water-phobic film.
8. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a dust detection unit, wherein lens covers are respectively provided at front ends of the light detection unit and the light receiving device;
when the dust detection unit detects that the dust scattering light intensity around the light detection unit is greater than a first preset light intensity, a lens cover at the front end of the light detection unit is in a closed state; when the dust detection unit detects that the scattering light intensity of dust around the light detection unit is not greater than a first preset light intensity, a lens cover at the front end of the light detection unit is in a closed state;
when the dust detection unit detects that the dust scattering light intensity around the light receiving device is greater than a second preset light intensity, the lens cover at the front end of the light receiving device is in a closed state; when the dust detection unit detects that the scattering light intensity of dust around the light receiving device is not larger than a second preset light intensity, the lens cover at the front end of the light receiving device is in a closed state.
9. The system of any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a gas blowing means and a dust detection unit;
the blowing component is used for conveying air flow to the front end of the light detection unit to blow away dust at the front end of the light detection unit if the dust detection unit detects that the dust scattering light intensity around the light detection unit is greater than a first preset light intensity, and conveying air flow to the front end of the light receiving device to blow away dust at the front end of the light receiving device if the dust detection unit detects that the dust scattering light intensity around the light receiving device is greater than a second preset light intensity.
10. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a vibration sensor disposed in the tunnel, wherein the data processing device is configured to determine whether an accident or disaster occurs based on a vibration signal output from the vibration sensor.
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