CN102798377A - Planar error measurement analysis system and method - Google Patents
Planar error measurement analysis system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102798377A CN102798377A CN2012102772163A CN201210277216A CN102798377A CN 102798377 A CN102798377 A CN 102798377A CN 2012102772163 A CN2012102772163 A CN 2012102772163A CN 201210277216 A CN201210277216 A CN 201210277216A CN 102798377 A CN102798377 A CN 102798377A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a measuring device, and especially relates to a planar error measurement analysis system and method. The system comprises more than one set of coordinated laser sources, laser target surfaces, and monitoring and analysis apparatus. The laser sources are lasers that emit laser beams to the laser target surfaces; the laser target surfaces image the projection of the light spots emitted by the laser sources; and the monitoring and analysis apparatus is used for collecting image information of the laser target surfaces, and analyzing and processing information. The monitoring and analysis apparatus comprises a light sensitization device for collecting images, a visual analytical algorithm module, a measurement driving control module, and a power source; wherein the light sensitization device collects the image information and sends the information to the visual analytical algorithm module through a network, and the measurement driving control module transmits images to a computer for analyzing and processing. The system and method turn a to-be-measured quantity to the analysis and processing of image offset through a method of switch and projection of a to-be-measured displacement in a measurement coordinate system, thereby reducing the measurement difficulty, improving the measurement precision, and realizing real-time measurement and safe operation at low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement mechanism, particularly relates to a kind of plane error measuring and analysis system and method.
Background technology
In the laying on an infrastructure project plane and the later stage operation process; Unavoidably all can receive the geological movement variation and find sedimentation or protuberance; Because sedimentation or swell inhomogeneously can cause that the engineering plane sinks or bending, thereby influence stationarity and security in the engineering construction.In order to understand the sedimentation of plane under load action and the variation tendency of protuberance in real time; So that adopt an effective measure in advance, avoid the generation of accident, therefore must do to measure in real time to the plane; Could guarantee this class formation long-term safety operation, avoid the generation of mishap.Yet, to realize remote contactless real-time measurement requirement with respect to the measuring method of prior art, a lot of problems to be solved also will be arranged.Adopt the optical measurement mode to solve the real-time problems of measurement of engineering construction medium and long distance among the present invention, and optical measurement also will be after a kind of development trend of engineering survey.
Application number is: 200810222753.1 the present invention relates to a kind of apparatus and method of utilizing the laser remotely measuring subgrade settlement.The settlement measurement stake that device is made up of base plate and measuring staff, pointolite, fixing observation stake, laser measurement unit, and measuring-signal transmission unit, CPU and power module.Bury sedimentation underground at tested point and detect stake, the settlement light source makes it and the synchronous sedimentation of tested point place roadbed above that; Pointolite is through the lens imaging of laser measurement unit, and picture point A ' by the image point displacement amount, calculates pointolite object point displacement, i.e. the tested point settlement of foundation on photodetector.
Application number is: 201110158946.7 the invention discloses a kind of laser sedimentation deflection indicator; Comprise the one group of above transmitter unit that cooperatively interacts and receiving element; Transmitter unit is to be used for laser instrument to the receiving element emission of lasering beam; Receiving element comprises linear array CCD image collecting unit, analysis and disposal system and power supply; The linear array CCD image collecting unit is gathered laser beam and is converted electric signal into and transmits analysis and disposal system, and analysis is handled the back with disposal system to electric signal and judged sedimentation and deformation.
Application number is: 201110297956.9 the invention discloses subgrade settlement remote auto measuring system, comprise measuring terminals, Fibre Optical Sensor terminal and transmission cable, and transmission cable is connected with measuring terminals with the Fibre Optical Sensor terminal; The Fibre Optical Sensor terminal comprises optical branching device, fiber optics displacement code device, shell and gearing; Optical branching device, fiber optics displacement code device and gearing are settled in the enclosure, and optical branching device is connected with said fiber optics displacement code device.Shell and the gearing that utilizes the Fibre Optical Sensor terminal converts the displacement of subgrade settlement into along Optical Fiber Transmission optical encoding; And by the transmission cable remote transmission to measuring terminals; In measuring terminals, carry out operations such as opto-electronic conversion, analyzing and processing, storage, demonstration, warning; Final real-time, long-range, the automatic measurement that realizes subgrade settlement, it is applicable to subgrade settlement field of measurement with a varied topography, that physical environment is abominable.
The problem that above-mentioned patent exists is, though all adopt the optical measurement mode but still have shortcoming: the precision of, measuring is low, implements specializedly to require highly, do not possess ubiquity; Two, during selection reference point, poor stability is realized the complex structure of measuring; Three, restriction to some extent on measuring distance; Four, data can not be measured and analyze in real time.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of plane error measuring and analysis system; Propose a kind of based on laser imaging; Adopt embedded computing method and image analysis calculation method; Through the skew of Laser Measurement source spot center, can measure the micro-displacement value, advantages such as these method computing method are simple, result of calculation degree of accuracy height, cost is low and be easy to lay.
The present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of plane error measuring and analysis system, this system comprise one group of above lasing light emitter that cooperatively interacts, laser target surface and device for monitoring and analyzing, and said lasing light emitter is to be used for laser instrument to laser target surface-emission laser bundle; Said laser target is in the face of the hot spot projection in time imaging of lasing light emitter emission; Said device for monitoring and analyzing is used to gather light spot image information, the information analysis of lasing light emitter emission on the laser target surface to be handled.
Said device for monitoring and analyzing comprises sensor devices, visual analysis algoritic module, measurement drive control module and the power supply of images acquired;
Said power supply is any in accumulator or the solar cell.
Said sensor devices under the effect of said measurement drive control module to the laser target surface on projection in time imaging the image information collection and send said visual analysis algoritic module to; Be used to said measurement drive control module the form images logical drive and the process of gathering with image analysis processing realize; And can image information synchronous transmission to the computing machine of multiple spot collection be carried out analyzing and processing; Said power supply is connected with the measurement drive control module, and said device for monitoring and analyzing moves under "on" position.
The method step that plane error measuring and analysis system of the present invention is measured is following:
A, plane to be detected are provided with initial datum mark A and place lasing light emitter, and lasing light emitter is to laser target surface launching light signal;
B, the accurate screw displacement platform of two 3D holders are controlled lasing light emitter and laser target surface respectively, make laser facula be centered close to laser target surface center, set initial position, carry out benchmark calibration and calibrate for error.
C, make the laser target surface move to required measuring distance place; The emission light signal gets into the laser target surface; When sedimentation or protuberance take place in the plane; Squinting in lasing light emitter spot center position, obtains x axial displacement
and y axial displacement
through embedded account form.
D, increase instant sensor devices equipment of catching the lasing light emitter light spot image at the laser target surface place of collection point;
E, measure drive control module control down the light sensation device carry out IMAQ, through signal transmission module with measuring point in real time the image data transmission of collection carry out analytical calculation to computing machine;
F, lasing light emitter spot center position coordinates that draws and laser target surface centre coordinate are carried out error analysis calculation, try to achieve laser target surface spot center displacement biased error; Thereby realize real-time, long-range, automatic monitoring to local sedimentation of basic plane or protuberance value.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention carries out space conversion and coordinate projection through adopting the measuring idea and the method for coordinate system transformation and projection mapping with the displacement to be measured on complicated measuring basis plane, reduces measurement to be measured significantly and realizes difficulty;
The present invention combines embedded account form and image analysis calculation to send out method, further improves measurement precision to be measured;
The present invention realizes the continuous coverage collection through combining the network Real-time Transmission, realizes that lower cost ensures service requirement;
It is simple and easy to do that the inventive method is measured deployment, do not receive environment or limitation of construction on the spot;
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in following accompanying drawing and the embodiment of combining of the embodiment of the invention the present invention is described further.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of plane error measuring and analysis system;
Fig. 2 is the scheme of installation of system architecture of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a laser target surface LASER Light Source image synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Among the figure:
1, lasing light emitter; 2, laser target surface; 3, sensor devices; 4, visual analysis algoritic module; 5, measure drive control module; 6, the accurate screw displacement platform of 3D holder; 7, signal transmission module; 8, power supply.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and exemplary embodiments the present invention is described further.
Like Fig. 1, a kind of plane error measuring and analysis system, this system comprise one group of above lasing light emitter that cooperatively interacts 1, laser target surface 2 and device for monitoring and analyzing, the laser instrument of lasing light emitter 1 for being used for to laser target surface 2 emission of lasering beam; The hot spot projection in time imaging of 2 pairs of lasing light emitters of laser target surface, 1 emission; Device for monitoring and analyzing is used to gather the light spot image information of lasing light emitter 1 emission on the laser target surface 2 and carries out information analysis and handle.Device for monitoring and analyzing comprises sensor devices 3, visual analysis algoritic module 4, measurement drive control module 5 and the power supply 8 of images acquired, and wherein sensor devices 3 is the CMOS camera, and the CMOS camera adopts and is built in the device for monitoring and analyzing in the present embodiment; Accumulator is fixed in to be measured in the drive control module 5.Measure drive control module 5 controls down the CMOS camera to laser target surface 2 on the image information collection that forms images of projection in time; And send said visual analysis algoritic module 4 to through wireless network; Under 5 effects of measurement drive control module, again image is transferred to computing machine and carry out the computational analysis processing; Power supply 8 is connected with measurement drive control module 5, and device for monitoring and analyzing moves under "on" position.
Lasing light emitter 1 is a pointolite, is convenient to calculate lasing light emitter 1 spot center, and pointolite is a red light source, and wavelength is 665 nanometers (nm), and divergence is the ordinary light source of 0.01 milliradian (mrad); Laser target surface 2 adopts the frosted glass of band scale (also can adopt other suitable material as the laser target surface in the present embodiment; The paper moderate) like hardness; Flush bonding processor (Advanced RISC Machines is called for short ARM) 9 development boards with ARM9 development board (MINI2440) are hardware foundation; In order to obtain high-precision spot center, in major part (main) constructed fuction, construct a timer (timer) and bind with " flush () " signal groove function; In " flush () " function, we accomplish the calculating at image data acquiring, demonstration and image data format conversion and laser facula center.
Wherein disposed complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor is called for short CMOS) face battle array camera in the device for monitoring and analyzing as image capture device; Obtain view data based on two functions of built-in driving (":: open (DeviceName; O_RDONLY) " and ":: read (device; Addr, Size*BPP/8) ").
Lasing light emitter 1 is installed on respectively on the accurate screw displacement platform holder 6 of two three-dimensionals (Three Dimensions is called for short 3D) with laser target surface 2, and the accurate screw displacement platform of 3D holder 6 is relatively arranged on the vertical roadbed Plane Installation in adjacent measuring point place.
Like Fig. 2, shown in 3, the method that the plane error measuring and analysis system is measured, its operation steps is following:
A, roadbed plane to be detected are provided with the pointolite that initial datum mark A places lasing light emitter 1, the laser target surface 2 emission light signals that lasing light emitter 1 is provided with to the B place;
B, two the accurate screw displacement platform of 3D holders 6 are controlled laser target surface 2 and lasing light emitter 1 respectively; Make lasing light emitter 1 spot center be positioned at laser target surface 2 centers; Use the accurate screw displacement platform of 3D holder 6 to be provided with rotation X axis or the axial vernier adjustment knob of Y that is used for adjusting the spot center position; Set initial position, carry out benchmark calibration and calibrate for error.
C, make the laser target surface move to 50 meters of laser point light sources outer (or in 50 meters); The emission light signal gets into the laser target surface; When sedimentation or protuberance take place in the plane; Squint in lasing light emitter 1 spot center position; Obtain x axial displacement
and y axial displacement
through embedded computing method calculating, use following embedded account form formula and calculate plane sedimentation or protuberance amount:
The ARM pattern is adopted in embedded calculating in this enforcement row, can select the hardware development platform of Mini2440 conduct for use.The support that can realize operating system (Linux) like Samsung (SAMSUNG) 2440, and have cost low, be easy to characteristics such as networking, so select the hardware development platform of Mini2440 conduct.
D, increase instant sensor devices 3 equipment CMOS cameras of catching lasing light emitter 1 spot center image at laser target surface 2 places of collection point;
E, measurement drive control module make the CMOS camera carry out IMAQ to lasing light emitter 1 spot center under the control under the energising situation, and the image data transmission of through signal transmission module 7 measuring point CMOS camera being gathered in real time again arrives computing center;
F, the CMOS camera is obtained image array data storage in a two-dimensional array; Subtract each other with each image value and threshold value then; Obtain the image after subtracting each other; Gravity model appoach calculates lasing light emitter 1 spot center and obtains the spot center coordinate in the last applies image analysis computing method, and the spot center position coordinates that draws and the coordinate of measuring point collection carry out error analysis, try to achieve measuring point laser target surface spot center and target surface centre coordinate displacement error; Thereby realize real-time, long-range, the automatic monitoring of numerical value to local sedimentation of basic plane or protuberance.
Wherein the image analysis calculation method of lasing light emitter spot center is used following method usually:
The circle at laser facula center or oval can be similar to regards Gaussian distribution as, therefore can come the fitted gaussian curved surface with its intensity profile.When oval image is enough big, ellipse fitting is to calculate the optimum method in laser facula center.When spot center is oval or circular, and image is enough little, only accounts for several pixels, and gravity model appoach is a kind of effective calculation the most.If picture noise is lower, said method all can calculate the laser facula center efficiently.If picture noise increases, then the weighting of Gauss's center of gravity is comparatively effective, and band threshold value gravity model appoach is the most effective, so the gravity model appoach of select tape threshold value is realized the calculating at laser facula center.
If gray level image does, x=1 wherein ... M, y=1 ... N.The gravity model appoach computing formula of band threshold value is following:
In above two formula, " T " refers to threshold value.Because image can be seen the stack of target and background as, therefore select the value (" 200 " as threshold calculations value) of background value as threshold value " T ".
Wherein embedded account form and image analysis calculation method are as being used for engineering detecting, and embedded account form and image analysis calculation method can realize that front end calculates at measurement point, to realize obtaining immediately the error of measurement point.As be used for engineering monitoring, then generally after the embedded account form of front end realizes IMAQ, view data is sent to computing machine adopts unified calculation of image analysis calculation method and error analysis.
Above operation steps, as shown in Figure 2, can dispose lasing light emitter 1 test point of any down continuously at the B place of laser target surface 2; This moment, lasing light emitter 1 can be shared the accurate screw displacement platform base 6 of same 3D with laser target surface 2; To promote measuring accuracy, the simplified measurement structure reduces equipment cost simultaneously.
Below only be preferred implementation of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention also not only is confined to the foregoing description, and all technical schemes that belongs under the inventive concept all belong to protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. plane error measuring and analysis system, this system comprise one group of above lasing light emitter that cooperatively interacts, laser target surface and device for monitoring and analyzing, and said lasing light emitter is to be used for laser instrument to laser target surface-emission laser bundle; Said laser target is in the face of the hot spot projection in time imaging of lasing light emitter emission; Said device for monitoring and analyzing is used to gather the light spot image information and the information analysis of lasing light emitter emission on the laser target surface to be handled; It is characterized in that: said device for monitoring and analyzing comprises sensor devices, visual analysis algoritic module, measurement drive control module and the power supply of images acquired; Said sensor devices under the effect of said measurement drive control module to the laser target surface on projection in time imaging the image information collection and send said visual analysis algoritic module to; Logical drive and process that said measurement drive control module is used for IMAQ and image analysis processing realize; And image information synchronous transmission to the computing machine of gathering carried out analyzing and processing; Said power supply is connected with the measurement drive control module, and said device for monitoring and analyzing moves under "on" position.
2. plane error measuring and analysis system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said lasing light emitter is red pointolite.
3. plane error measuring and analysis system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: frosted glass or the sensitization paper that said laser target surface adopts the band scale maybe can be with in the device plane of laser facula projection in time imaging any one.
4. plane error measuring and analysis system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said power supply is that accumulator or solar cell are medium any.
5. plane error measuring and analysis system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described sensor devices can be arranged in the device for monitoring and analyzing or be arranged at outside the device for monitoring and analyzing.
6. plane error measuring and analysis system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said visual analysis algoritic module comprises embedded account form and image analysis calculation method; Embedded account form has three kinds of methods that make up embedded computation vision usually: DSP pattern, FPGA pattern or ARM pattern; The image analysis calculation method adopts gravity model appoach, surface fitting method, ellipse fitting method.
7. plane error measuring and analysis system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said lasing light emitter and laser target surface are installed on respectively on the accurate screw displacement platform of the two 3D holder, and the accurate screw displacement platform of said 3D holder is relatively arranged on adjacent measuring point place.
8. plane error measuring and analysis system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the accurate screw displacement platform of said 3D holder is provided with rotation X axis or the axial vernier adjustment knob of Y that is used for adjusting the spot center position.
9. according to the measuring method of the said plane error measuring and analysis system of claim 1, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A, plane to be detected are provided with initial datum mark A and place lasing light emitter, and lasing light emitter is to laser target surface launching light signal;
B, the accurate screw displacement platform of two 3D holders are controlled lasing light emitter and laser target surface respectively, make laser facula be centered close to laser target surface center, set initial position, carry out benchmark calibration and calibrate for error;
C, make the laser target surface move to required measuring distance place; The emission light signal gets into the laser target surface; When sedimentation or protuberance take place in the plane; Squinting in lasing light emitter spot center position, obtains x axial displacement
and y axial displacement
through embedded account form;
D, increase instant sensor devices equipment of catching the lasing light emitter light spot image at the laser target surface place of collection point;
E, measure drive control module control down sensor devices carry out IMAQ, will through signal transmission module with measuring point in real time the image data transmission of collection carry out analytical calculation to computing machine;
F, lasing light emitter spot center position coordinates that draws and laser target surface centre coordinate are carried out error analysis calculation, try to achieve measuring point laser target surface spot center displacement biased error; Thereby realize real-time, long-range, automatic monitoring to local sedimentation of basic plane or protuberance value.
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