CN110836126A - Portable tunnel solution cavity roof vertical displacement real-time supervision alarm device - Google Patents
Portable tunnel solution cavity roof vertical displacement real-time supervision alarm device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110836126A CN110836126A CN201911148859.6A CN201911148859A CN110836126A CN 110836126 A CN110836126 A CN 110836126A CN 201911148859 A CN201911148859 A CN 201911148859A CN 110836126 A CN110836126 A CN 110836126A
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
- E21F17/185—Rock-pressure control devices with or without alarm devices; Alarm devices in case of roof subsidence
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a portable real-time monitoring and alarming device for vertical displacement of a tunnel karst cave top plate, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering. The device comprises a laser emitting end, a laser receiving end, a laser reflecting sheet, a data processing system, a portable computer and an alarm warning lamp; the laser emitting end and the laser receiving end are connected with a data processing system, the data processing system is connected with a portable computer, and the laser emitting end and the laser receiving end are used for measuring the vertical displacement change value of the laser reflector. The data processing system judges whether the vertical displacement change value exceeds a safety threshold value or not according to the measured vertical displacement change value, if so, the alarm warning lamp changes color, and meanwhile, the portable computer sends out an alarm. The invention has the advantages of high accuracy of monitoring data, prediction and early warning functions, simple installation, convenient carrying and easy operation; the monitoring process does not depend on manpower and does not influence site operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and relates to a vertical displacement real-time monitoring and alarming device for a tunnel karst cave top plate structure.
Background
Along with the development of tunnel construction cause, guarantee tunnel construction safety is first as its will, however the geological problem that meets in the tunnel construction is more, often need monitor special construction can guarantee tunnel construction safety during the period, and displacement monitoring devices has just obtained large-scale application. At present, in the construction period, a total station and a level gauge are still adopted to carry out manual measurement in the displacement measurement method, and the method wastes manpower and material resources, has no real-time performance and large probability of human error and is influenced by construction environment conditions (dust, smoke and the like); traditional pole column formula roof detector that sinks is about to pole column formula roof detector that sinks and supports between the empty area top, bottom plate, when the roof takes place to sink and warp, utilizes the displacement sensor who is located on the pole column to detect its deflection, because the pole column has depression bar stability problem, if be applied to big section tunnel and face the empty area, want to overcome depression bar unstability problem, will increase pole column section or rigidity to increase the cost and the installation degree of difficulty, especially probably disturb the operation of operation vehicle or other operation equipment in the construction area.
Therefore, in order to monitor the displacement deformation of the tunnel karst cave roof under the condition of blasting vibration safely, with low cost and high precision, a new real-time monitoring and alarming system for the vertical displacement of the tunnel karst cave roof is urgently needed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a portable real-time monitoring and alarming device for vertical displacement of a tunnel karst cave roof, which can realize real-time monitoring and alarming for vertical displacement of the tunnel karst cave roof under the condition of blasting vibration and can predict and early warn the displacement variation trend of the karst cave roof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a vertical displacement real-time supervision alarm device of portable tunnel solution cavity roof, includes: the device comprises a laser emitting end (1), a laser receiving end (3), a laser reflector (4), a data processing system (6), a portable computer (7) and an alarm warning lamp (5);
the laser emitting end (1) and the laser receiving end (3) are respectively connected with an output port and an input port of the data processing system (6); the data processing system (6) and the alarm warning lamp (5) are connected with a portable computer (7);
the laser emitting end (1) and the laser receiving end (3) are used for measuring the vertical displacement change value of the laser reflector (4); the data processing system (6) judges whether the vertical displacement change value exceeds a safety threshold value set by the system or not according to the measured vertical displacement change value, when the vertical displacement change value exceeds the safety threshold value, the alarm warning lamp (5) changes color, and meanwhile, the portable computer (7) sends out alarm ring tone.
Further, the system also comprises laser device frames (2) arranged at two sides of the tunnel, wherein a laser emitting end (1) is arranged at one side, a laser receiving end (3) is arranged at the other side, and the laser emitting devices and the laser receiving devices are sequentially and correspondingly arranged on the laser device frames (2).
Further, the bottom of the laser device frame (2) is fixed on a rectangular base (14); four corners on the rectangular base (14) are respectively provided with an adjusting button (15).
Furthermore, a level gauge (13) is further installed on the laser device frame (2), and the level gauge (13) is enabled to reach a horizontal stable state through an adjusting button (15) on the rectangular base (14).
Furthermore, the position of the leveling instrument (13) on the laser device frame (2) is lower than the fixed position of the laser emitting end (1) or the laser receiving end (3).
Furthermore, a thick screw knob (11) and a thin screw knob (12) are further arranged on the laser device frame (2), the working angles of the laser emitting end (1), the laser reflecting plate (4) and the laser receiving end (3) are adjusted through the thick/thin screw knobs, and the laser emitting end, the laser reflecting plate and the laser receiving end need to be corrected before measurement.
Further, the laser reflector (4) is uniformly embedded at the position where the tunnel karst cave top plate (8) is thinner and weaker; and the alarm warning lamp (5) is fixed beside a monitoring point of a tunnel cave roof (8).
Furthermore, the alarm warning lamp (5) is connected with the portable computer (7) by adopting wireless Bluetooth.
Further, the data processing system (6) is integrated inside the computer.
Further, the data processing system (6) adopts a Flash unit to perform data analysis, including safety threshold comparison and prediction of deformation trend of the karst cave top plate by a neural network method.
Further, the concrete steps of predicting the deformation trend of the karst cave top plate by adopting a neural network method are as follows:
1) carrying out normalization processing on the monitoring displacement of the plurality of points to form a normalization set;
2) setting weight parameters and threshold values of the neural network through a neural network prediction model;
3) dividing the normalized data into training data and testing data, importing the training data into a set neural network prediction model, and training by forward propagation and backward propagation;
4) calculating a training error of the training result, and judging whether the set judgment condition is met; if the condition is met, the algorithm is ended, and the model is used as an optimal prediction model; if not, continuously correcting the weight coefficient and the threshold value, and returning to the training again;
5) and importing the test data into an optimal prediction model for prediction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention adopts laser dynamic monitoring equipment, and has the advantages of high monitoring precision, simple operation, convenient carrying and the like;
(2) the invention fully considers the environment of the construction site, optimizes the equipment layout and does not influence the tunnel construction operation;
(3) the invention adopts automatic monitoring equipment, does not depend on manpower, and can greatly reduce the investment of manpower and time.
(4) The data processing system of the device introduces neural network prediction, and can monitor and alarm vertical changes of the tunnel karst cave top plate in real time and predict future change trends.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall installation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a laser assembly frame according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structural connections of the data processing system of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1-laser emitting end, 2-laser device frame, 3-laser receiving end, 4-laser reflector, 5-alarm warning lamp, 6-data processing system, 7-portable computer, 8-tunnel cave top plate, 9-tunnel, 10-cave, 11-thick screw knob, 12-thin screw knob, 13-level gauge, 14-rectangular base, 15-base adjusting button.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the distribution range of the karst cave and the thickness distribution of the top plate of the karst cave are measured in advance geological prediction, and the number and the positions of monitoring points, in this example, 3 monitoring points are arranged according to the distribution characteristics.
As shown in fig. 1, the laser reflector 4 is uniformly embedded in the position of the tunnel cave roof 8 with a small thickness and fixed by glue, wherein the laser reflector 4 is provided with a screw nail for fixing the laser reflector 4 and the tunnel cave roof 8 into a whole, so as to measure the deflection change of the tunnel cave roof 8. Alarm warning light 5 is fixed near the monitoring point correspondingly in proper order, and alarm warning light 5 adopts wireless bluetooth to be connected to portable computer 7, if alarm warning light 5 shows for green in the safety threshold, surpasss the safety threshold and shows for red, portable computer 7 sends out the alarm ringtone simultaneously.
As shown in fig. 2, the laser device frame 2 is distributed at the side wall of the tunnel, one side is a laser reflection end 1, the other side is a laser receiving end 3, the laser emission end 1 and the laser receiving end 3 are correspondingly installed on the laser device frame 2 in sequence, wherein the laser device frame is provided with a level gauge 13, the level gauge 13 is enabled to reach a horizontal stable state through a base adjusting button 15 on a rectangular base 14, the rectangular base 14 is made of high-density steel, and the four corners are respectively provided with one base adjusting button 15; the laser device frame 2 is provided with a thick quasi-screw knob 11 and a thin quasi-screw knob 12, the working angles of the laser emitting end 1, the laser reflecting plate 4 and the laser receiving end 3 are adjusted through the thick and thin screw knobs, and the three need to be corrected before measurement.
The laser emitting end 1 and the laser receiving end 3 are respectively connected with an output port and an input port of a data processing system 6, the data processing system 6 is connected with a portable computer 7, and collected data are processed and then transmitted to the portable computer 7.
As shown in fig. 3, the data processing system 6 is composed of a data acquisition unit, a storage unit, a data analysis unit and an image generation unit which are connected in sequence; the data acquisition unit (for example, a laser displacement sensor) is connected with the laser transmitting end 1 and the laser receiving end 3 to acquire a vertical displacement change value of the laser reflector 4; the storage unit (such as a high-capacity SSD hard disk) stores the acquired data acquired by the acquisition unit; the data analysis unit adopts a Flash chip to complete data analysis and prediction; the image generation unit (for example, an image generator) generates a data change image from the analyzed data, and transmits the data change image to the portable computer to display the deformation condition of the tunnel cave top plate in a dynamic curve form, so that the tunnel cave displacement change trend is predicted.
And (3) performing data analysis by adopting a Flash chip, including safety threshold comparison and prediction of the deformation trend of the top plate of the karst cave by a neural network method. The method for predicting the deformation trend of the karst cave top plate by adopting the neural network method comprises the following specific steps:
1) carrying out normalization processing on the monitoring displacement of the plurality of points to form a normalization set;
2) setting weight parameters and threshold values of the neural network through a neural network prediction model;
3) dividing the normalized data into training data and testing data, importing the training data into a set neural network prediction model, and training by forward propagation and backward propagation;
4) calculating a training error of the training result, and judging whether the set judgment condition is met; if the condition is met, the algorithm is ended, and the model is used as an optimal prediction model; if not, continuously correcting the weight coefficient and the threshold value, and returning to the training again;
5) and importing the test data into an optimal prediction model for prediction.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a vertical displacement real-time supervision alarm device of portable tunnel solution cavity roof, its characterized in that, the device includes: the device comprises a laser emitting end (1), a laser receiving end (3), a laser reflector (4), a data processing system (6), a portable computer (7) and an alarm warning lamp (5);
the laser emitting end (1) and the laser receiving end (3) are respectively connected with an output port and an input port of the data processing system (6); the data processing system (6) and the alarm warning lamp (5) are connected with a portable computer (7);
the laser emitting end (1) and the laser receiving end (3) are used for measuring the vertical displacement change value of the laser reflector (4); the data processing system (6) judges whether the vertical displacement change value exceeds a safety threshold value set by the system or not according to the measured vertical displacement change value, when the vertical displacement change value exceeds the safety threshold value, the alarm warning lamp (5) changes color, and meanwhile, the portable computer (7) sends out alarm ring tone.
2. The portable real-time monitoring and alarming device for the vertical displacement of the top plate of the tunnel karst cave according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises laser device frames (2) arranged at two sides of the tunnel, one side of the laser device frames is provided with a laser transmitting end (1), the other side of the laser device frames is provided with a laser receiving end (3), and a plurality of laser transmitting devices and laser receiving devices are sequentially and correspondingly arranged on the laser device frames (2).
3. The portable real-time monitoring and alarming device for the vertical displacement of the top plate of the tunnel cave according to claim 2, wherein the bottom of the laser device frame (2) is fixed on a rectangular base (14); four corners on the rectangular base (14) are respectively provided with an adjusting button (15).
4. The portable real-time monitoring and alarming device for the vertical displacement of the top plate of the tunnel cave according to claim 3, wherein a level (13) is further installed on the laser device frame (2), and the level (13) is enabled to reach a horizontal stable state through an adjusting button (15) on a rectangular base (14).
5. The portable real-time monitoring and alarming device for the vertical displacement of the top plate of the tunnel cave according to claim 3, wherein the position of the level (13) on the laser device frame (2) is lower than the position where the laser emitting end (1) or the laser receiving end (3) is fixed.
6. The portable real-time monitoring and alarming device for the vertical displacement of the top plate of the tunnel cave according to claim 1, wherein a thick screw knob (11) and a thin screw knob (12) are further arranged on the laser device frame (2), and the working angles of the laser emitting end (1), the laser reflecting plate (4) and the laser receiving end (3) are adjusted through the thick/thin screw knobs.
7. The portable real-time monitoring and alarming device for the vertical displacement of the top plate of the tunnel cave according to claim 1, wherein the laser reflector (4) is uniformly embedded at the position where the thickness of the top plate (8) of the tunnel cave is thinner and weaker; and the alarm warning lamp (5) is fixed beside a monitoring point of a tunnel cave roof (8).
8. The portable real-time monitoring and alarming device for the vertical displacement of the top plate of the tunnel cave according to claim 1, wherein the alarming and warning lamp (5) is connected with a portable computer (7) by adopting wireless Bluetooth.
9. The portable real-time monitoring and alarming device for the vertical displacement of the top plate of the tunnel cave according to claim 1, wherein the data processing system (6) adopts a Flash unit to perform data analysis, including safety threshold comparison and prediction of the deformation trend of the top plate of the tunnel cave by a neural network method.
10. The portable real-time monitoring and alarming device for the vertical displacement of the tunnel karst cave roof, according to claim 9, is characterized in that the concrete steps of predicting the deformation trend of the karst cave roof by adopting a neural network method are as follows:
1) carrying out normalization processing on the monitoring displacement of the plurality of points to form a normalization set;
2) setting weight parameters and threshold values of the neural network through a neural network prediction model;
3) dividing the normalized data into training data and testing data, importing the training data into a set neural network prediction model, and training by forward propagation and backward propagation;
4) calculating a training error of the training result, and judging whether the set judgment condition is met; if the condition is met, the algorithm is ended, and the model is used as an optimal prediction model; if not, continuously correcting the weight coefficient and the threshold value, and returning to the training again;
5) and importing the test data into an optimal prediction model for prediction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911148859.6A CN110836126A (en) | 2019-11-21 | 2019-11-21 | Portable tunnel solution cavity roof vertical displacement real-time supervision alarm device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911148859.6A CN110836126A (en) | 2019-11-21 | 2019-11-21 | Portable tunnel solution cavity roof vertical displacement real-time supervision alarm device |
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| CN110836126A true CN110836126A (en) | 2020-02-25 |
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| CN201911148859.6A Pending CN110836126A (en) | 2019-11-21 | 2019-11-21 | Portable tunnel solution cavity roof vertical displacement real-time supervision alarm device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112647427A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-04-13 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Continuous beam cantilever casting two-stage real-time counterweight system and construction method |
| CN112815998A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-05-18 | 湖南久钰电子有限公司 | Tunnel safety monitoring system |
-
2019
- 2019-11-21 CN CN201911148859.6A patent/CN110836126A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112815998A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-05-18 | 湖南久钰电子有限公司 | Tunnel safety monitoring system |
| CN112647427A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-04-13 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Continuous beam cantilever casting two-stage real-time counterweight system and construction method |
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