CN112814658B - Flexible inclinometry system and method for ultra-short radius well - Google Patents
Flexible inclinometry system and method for ultra-short radius well Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of oilfield detection, and provides an ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system and a measurement method. The flexible inclinometry system of the ultra-short radius well comprises an inclinometry module which is connected with a flexible nipple in a drilling tool, wherein the inclinometry module is overlapped with the axis of the flexible nipple and is used for measuring and storing well inclination data and time data of the ultra-short radius well in real time during well descending operation; the calibration device is used for calibrating the measurement error of the inclination measurement module; the processor is used for pre-storing time and well depth data, acquiring calibrated well deviation and time data, establishing a relation between the well depth and the well deviation according to time consistency, and determining the well deviation of different well depths. The method is suitable for measuring the well deviation corresponding to different well depths of the ultra-short radius well, and can also be used for carrying out error calibration on the well deviation data of the ultra-short radius well, so that the well deviation measuring precision is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oilfield detection, and particularly relates to an ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system and a measurement method.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The well condition of an oil-water well is gradually deteriorated along with the continuous development of an oil field, frequent operation of an old oil area and other reasons, and the oil reservoir heterogeneity is added, so that the improvement of the recovery ratio of the oil field is seriously affected. If an updating well and an encrypting well are repaired in the oil gas development area, the well construction period is long and the cost is high. The ultra-short radius horizontal well is drilled on the inner side of the casing, so that the drilling cost can be saved, the exposed area of an oil layer can be increased, and the recovery ratio and the economic benefit can be improved.
An ultra-short radius horizontal well refers to a well having a radius of curvature much shorter than conventional short radius horizontal wells, and a radius of curvature less than 5m, also referred to as an ultra-short radius radial horizontal well. The ultra-short radius well has the characteristics of shorter inclination increasing well section, faster borehole curvature increase of inclination increasing section, shorter period, quicker effect, drilling cost saving and the like, has been researched and applied for over twenty years abroad, has perfect matching of process technology, advanced and reliable tool and instrument and complete functions. Compared with the prior art, the device has poor and unstable performance, is especially suitable for a directional device of a slim hole for developing a thin oil layer, and is difficult to be suitable for the requirement of rapid development of an ultra-short radius well.
The ultra-short radius horizontal well technology is a new technology for developing residual oil in the well, mainly adopts the technology of directly drilling a window in the original well casing, and has obvious difference from the conventional horizontal well that the curvature radius is extremely small, the conventional drilling tool cannot meet the requirement, and a special flexible drilling tool is required to drill the well. In order to enable the flexible drilling tool to have high directional deflecting capability, a plurality of groups of connecting modes are adopted for the flexible drilling rod, and a guiding screen pipe is designed into a one-side slotting structure according to requirements. The automatic control technology of the well track represents the latest development direction of the international drilling technology, is known as the century drilling technology, and is a hot spot for the research of the oil country in the field of drilling in the current world. The ultra-short radius horizontal well is a great technical problem in realizing the track control of the horizontal section due to the particularity of the drilling system. Thus, grasping real-time well deviation data is particularly critical to achieving horizontal segment trajectory control.
At present, the technology of an ultra-short half-well is perfect, a plurality of ultra-short radius wells (smaller than 5 m) are developed, however, because the curvature radius of a well bore is small (more than or equal to 2.7 m), the inventor finds that the conventional inclinometer cannot meet the requirement of the curvature of the well bore because the bending radius of the conventional inclinometer cannot meet the requirement of the curvature of the well bore, and is difficult to be used for measuring the well deviation and cannot be used for evaluating the well bore track of the ultra-short radius well.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one technical problem in the background art, the invention provides an ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system and a measurement method, which are suitable for measuring the well inclination corresponding to different well depths of an ultra-short radius well, and can also perform error calibration on ultra-short radius well inclination data, so that the accuracy of well inclination measurement is improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a first aspect of the invention provides an ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system, comprising:
the inclination measuring module is connected with the flexible nipple in the drilling tool, coincides with the axis of the flexible nipple and is used for measuring and storing ultra-short radius well inclination data and time data in real time during well descending operation;
the calibration device is used for calibrating the measurement error of the inclination measurement module;
the processor is used for pre-storing time and well depth data, acquiring calibrated well deviation and time data, establishing a relation between the well depth and the well deviation according to time consistency, and determining the well deviation of different well depths.
As one implementation mode, the calibration device comprises a level gauge and an angle scale, wherein the level gauge is used for ensuring that the inclinometer module is positioned at a horizontal position, the angle scale is arranged at the end part of the inclinometer module and is used for measuring the triaxial acceleration of the inclinometer module under different angles and transmitting the triaxial acceleration to the processor for measuring errors.
The method has the advantages that the calibration device is used for giving the reference triaxial acceleration, so that the transformation relation between the measured value and the reference value is obtained according to the measured triaxial acceleration, and further, the measured well deviation data is corrected.
As an implementation mode, the inclinometry module is placed on the V-shaped block and placed on the V-shaped block, the V-shaped block is placed on the scraping platform, and the scraping platform is always in a horizontal position.
The scheme has the advantages that the inclination measuring module is fixed by the V-shaped block, so that the calibration precision is ensured.
As one implementation manner, in the processor, the process of calibrating the measurement error of the inclinometry module is as follows: and establishing a corresponding relation between the deflection angle and the triaxial acceleration, solving a transformation matrix, correcting the measured triaxial acceleration data according to the transformation matrix to obtain corrected triaxial acceleration data, and calculating the actual well deviation according to a well deviation angle calculation formula.
The technical scheme has the advantages that the well deviation data is corrected by utilizing the transformation relation between the calibration data and the measurement data, so that well deviation error compensation is realized, and the well deviation measuring precision of the ultra-short radius well is improved.
As an implementation mode, the inclinometry module is connected with the flexible short joint through the inner righting block.
The advantage of above-mentioned scheme lies in, has ensured the stability of being connected between inclinometry module and the flexible nipple joint.
As one embodiment, the inclinometer module comprises an inclinometer circuit, and a shock absorption layer is wrapped outside the inclinometer circuit.
The advantage of above-mentioned scheme lies in, has reduced drilling tool vibration to survey oblique module life's influence greatly.
As an implementation mode, the inclinometry circuit is arranged in the inner wall of the circuit installation cylinder, the front end of the circuit installation cylinder is sealed by a front plug, and the rear end of the circuit installation cylinder is wrapped by a damping rubber pad.
As one embodiment, the inclinometry circuit comprises an inclinometry sensor and a microprocessor, wherein the inclinometry sensor is used for detecting triaxial acceleration and transmitting the triaxial acceleration to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor obtains a well inclination angle according to a well inclination angle calculation formula.
A second aspect of the invention provides a measurement method based on an ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system, comprising:
acquiring ultra-short radius well deviation data and time data measured during well running operation;
calibrating measurement errors of ultra-short radius well deviation data measured during well running operation;
and establishing a relation between the well depth and the calibrated and corrected well deviation according to the time consistency and pre-stored time and well depth data, and determining the well deviation of different well depths.
As one implementation mode, the process for calibrating the measurement error of the ultra-short radius well deviation data measured during the well descending operation is as follows: and establishing a corresponding relation between the deflection angle and the triaxial acceleration, solving a transformation matrix, correcting the measured triaxial acceleration data according to the transformation matrix to obtain corrected triaxial acceleration data, and calculating the actual well deviation according to a well deviation angle calculation formula.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The well deviation data with ultra-short radius are measured and stored in real time during well running operation by utilizing the coincidence of the axis of the well deviation measuring module and the flexible nipple, the measuring error of the well deviation measuring module is calibrated by the calibrating device, then the relation between the well depth and the well deviation is established according to the time consistency and the pre-stored time and the well depth data, the well deviation of different well depths is determined, the error calibration of the well deviation data with ultra-short radius is realized, and the well deviation measuring precision is improved.
(2) The calibration device is used for calibrating the measurement error of the inclination measurement module, so that the well inclination error compensation can be conveniently realized, and the inclination measurement precision of the ultra-short radius well is improved.
(3) The acquisition and storage software program is solidified into the hardware circuit, the hardware circuit is arranged in the mechanical structure of the inclinometer module, the volume of the inclinometer module is reduced, the inclinometer module can accurately complete work in a compact space environment, and the hardware circuit is arranged in the mechanical vibration reduction structure, so that the influence of drilling tool vibration on the service life of the inclinometer module is greatly reduced.
Additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a flexible nipple in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic mechanical diagram of an inclinometry module in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a logging module of an ultra-short radius well flexible logging nipple in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the inclinometry modules of the flexible inclinometry nipple of the ultra-short radius well in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a marking device in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an inclinometry circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the flexible inclinometry principle of an ultra-short radius well in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a calibration algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", etc. refer to an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, and are merely relational terms, which are used for convenience in describing structural relationships of various components or elements of the present invention, and do not denote any one of the components or elements of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, terms such as "fixedly attached," "connected," "coupled," and the like are to be construed broadly and refer to either a fixed connection or an integral or removable connection; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be determined according to circumstances by a person skilled in the relevant art or the art, and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In order to solve the problem that the conventional inclinometer mentioned in the background art cannot meet the requirement of borehole curvature due to the bending radius, is difficult to be used for measuring well inclination and cannot be used for evaluating the borehole track of an ultra-short radius well, the embodiment provides an ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system, which comprises an inclinometry module, a calibration device and a processor.
In specific implementation, the inclinometry module is connected with the flexible nipple in the drilling tool, and the inclinometry module coincides with the axis of the flexible nipple and is used for measuring and storing ultra-short radius well inclination data and time data in real time during well descending operation.
In fig. 1, the drilling tool is composed of an upper common drilling rod 2, an upper three-link 3, a guide screen 4, a flexible drilling rod 5, a flexible short section 6, a lower three-link 7 and a drill bit 8, and is used for drilling operation in an ultra-short radius horizontal well wall 1. The flexible drill rod has poor guiding performance and is easy to damage, so that a guiding screen pipe 4 is arranged around the flexible drill rod to be matched with the flexible drill rod.
As shown in fig. 2, the inclinometry module comprises an inclinometry circuit, and the inclinometry circuit 17 is wrapped by vibration reduction silica gel 16 and is installed in the inner wall of the circuit installation cylinder 14. The left end of the inclinometer circuit 17 is connected with a battery mounting sleeve 15, the battery mounting sleeve 15 and the battery seat 11 are matched for use, the battery mounting sleeve is used for mounting and fixing a battery 13, and the battery 13 supplies power for the inclinometer circuit 17. The circuit mounting cylinder 14 and the battery seat 11 are connected through threads, and the battery seat 11 is provided with a rubber ring 12, so that the circuit mounting cylinder and the battery seat are matched more compactly, and vibration is reduced. The front section of the inclinometer is sealed by a front plug 18, the front plug 18 is connected with the circuit mounting cylinder 14 through threads, and the front plug 18 is also provided with a rubber ring 12. The front plug 18 and the battery seat 11 are provided with a damping rubber ring I19 and a damping rubber ring II 10, the forefront end of the inclinometer is wrapped by a damping rubber gasket I20, and the rearmost end of the inclinometer is wrapped by a damping rubber gasket I9 so as to achieve the expected setting of a damping device and reduce the vibration of the circuit board along the axial direction and the radial direction of the drill string.
In a specific implementation, the inclinometry circuit comprises an inclinometry sensor and a microprocessor, wherein the inclinometry sensor is used for detecting triaxial acceleration and transmitting the triaxial acceleration to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor obtains a well inclination angle according to a well inclination angle calculation formula.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the inclinometry module 23 is fixed on the inner wall 21 of the flexible inclinometry nipple by an inner centralizing block 22, and the axis of the inclinometry module 23 and the axis of the flexible inclinometry nipple 6 are overlapped by the inner centralizing block 22. When the well inclination occurs, the axis 24 of the flexible inclinometry nipple and the stratum central line 25 generate a well inclination angle 26, and the inclinometry module measures and stores the well inclination of the ultra-short radius well in real time through the inclinometry sensor and reads the well inclination through a processor (for example, the processor is realized by adopting a computer 27), so that the purpose of measuring the well inclination is achieved.
In this embodiment, the calibration device is used for calibrating the measurement error of the inclination measurement module.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, the calibration device is comprised of a scraping platform 28, a level 29, a V-block 30, and an angle scale 31. The scraping platform 28 is adjusted to be horizontal through the level meter 29, the V-shaped block 30 is placed on the scraping platform 28, the inclinometer module 23 is placed on the V-shaped block 30, and the angle disc 31 is placed at the axial end of the inclinometer module.
In some embodiments, the inclinometry module 23 is rotated, triaxial accelerations at different angles are measured by the angle scale 31, the inclinometry module 23 is in communication with a processor, and deviation compensation of the well inclination angle is achieved in the processor through a calibration algorithm.
In other embodiments, the inclinometer module 23 is connected to the data correction computer 33 via a data line 32. The inclination measuring module 23 is rotated, triaxial accelerations under different angles are measured through the angle disc 31, and deviation compensation of the well inclination angle is achieved through a calibration algorithm.
Referring to fig. 6, the inclinometry module includes an inclinometry sensor and a microprocessor for detecting triaxial acceleration and transmitting to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor obtains a well inclination angle according to a well inclination angle calculation formula.
Specifically, the microprocessor MCU has four interfaces, namely, an SPI interface 34, an I2C interface 35, a UART interface 36, and a support interface 37. The I2C interface 35 is in communication with the triaxial acceleration sensor circuit, and transmits triaxial acceleration information acquired and processed by the sensor circuit to the MCU, then the MCU is used for processing and packaging sensing information, time information and temperature information, and the SPI interface 34 is used for storing the acquired and packaged information into the memory. After the acquisition is completed, the instrument is taken out, and then the stored information is transmitted to a computer through the UART interface 36, so that the acquisition of the underground triaxial acceleration information is realized. The support interface 37 is connected to the dry battery to power the MCU circuit block.
According to the embodiment, the acquired and stored software program is solidified into the hardware circuit, the hardware circuit is arranged in the mechanical structure of the inclinometry module, the volume of the inclinometry module is reduced, the inclinometry module can accurately complete work in a compact space environment, and the hardware circuit is arranged in the mechanical vibration reduction structure, so that the influence of drilling tool vibration on the service life of the inclinometry module is greatly reduced.
Referring to fig. 7, the processor of the present embodiment includes five modules, namely a configuration and start-up program module 38, a serial communication program module 39, a well deviation angle data reading module 40, a well depth recording program module 41, and a well depth-well deviation angle correspondence data display storage module 43. The configuration and start program module 38 is mainly used for setting the measurement delay time and the measurement start time so that the instrument is in a standby state during the process of drilling rod feeding, has low power consumption requirement and can start the inclinometer device to work.
The serial communication program module 39 can establish communication with a UART interface in the downhole inclinometer, and can configure, start and determine the instrument, and also can read the well inclination angle data information from the inclinometer. The well inclination angle data reading module 40 can read information such as triaxial acceleration sensor data, time data, temperature data and the like in the downhole inclinometer into software through serial communication so as to calculate and analyze the well inclination angle. The well depth data recording module 41 is mainly used for inputting the surface well depth sensor value into the value software through the computer peripheral 45, storing the value software, and storing the computer time together into the EXCEL table during storage. The well depth-well inclination angle corresponding data display and storage module 43 mainly synchronizes 42 the well depth data and the well inclination angle data according to time, builds a one-to-one correspondence of the well depth and the well inclination angle, then draws a well depth-well inclination angle relation graph, and can store the data into an EXCEL table.
Referring to fig. 8, the specific procedure of the calibration algorithm 47 is:
first, a corresponding relation 48 between the deflection angle and the triaxial acceleration is established to obtain f (θ, G) x ,G y ,G z ) =049, solve for the transformation matrix
Then apply the formula
For measuring triaxial acceleration sensor table data (G x ,G y ,G z ) 50 to obtain corrected triaxial acceleration data (g x ,g y ,g z )53；
Then according to the well inclination angle calculation formula
An actual well angle 55 is calculated.
The measurement method of the ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
acquiring ultra-short radius well deviation data and time data measured during well running operation;
calibrating measurement errors of ultra-short radius well deviation data measured during well running operation;
and establishing a relation between the well depth and the calibrated and corrected well deviation according to the time consistency and pre-stored time and well depth data, and determining the well deviation of different well depths.
The specific use process of the ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system is as follows:
firstly, time synchronization is carried out on an inclinometry module by adopting ground playback software, then the inclinometry module is installed in a righting block and is installed in a flexible nipple together, and then the flexible nipple is installed in a drilling tool to carry out well descending operation. And storing well depth and time data into a processor in real time at the well depth to be measured, taking out the drilling tool from the bottom of the well after the well to be measured is completed, taking out the inclinometry module, enabling the inclinometry module to communicate with the processor, reading and analyzing well inclination data, further establishing a relation between the well depth and the well inclination, and determining the well inclination of different well depths.
According to the embodiment, the inclination measuring module is overlapped with the axis of the flexible nipple, the ultra-short radius well inclination data and time data are measured and stored in real time during well running operation, the calibration device is used for calibrating the measurement error of the inclination measuring module, then the relation between the well depth and the well inclination is established according to the time consistency and pre-stored time and well depth data, the well inclination of different well depths is determined, the error calibration of the ultra-short radius well inclination data is realized, and the well inclination measurement precision is improved. The calibration device is used for calibrating the measurement error of the inclination measurement module, so that the well inclination error compensation can be conveniently realized, and the inclination measurement precision of the ultra-short radius well is improved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system, comprising:
the inclination measuring module is connected with the flexible nipple in the drilling tool, coincides with the axis of the flexible nipple and is used for measuring and storing ultra-short radius well inclination data and time data in real time during well descending operation;
the calibration device is used for calibrating the measurement error of the inclination measurement module;
the processor is used for pre-storing time and well depth data, acquiring calibrated well deviation and time data, establishing a relation between the well depth and the well deviation according to time consistency, and determining the well deviation of different well depths;
the calibration device comprises a level gauge and an angle dial, wherein the level gauge is used for ensuring that the inclinometer module is positioned at a horizontal position, the angle dial is arranged at the end part of the inclinometer module and is used for measuring triaxial acceleration under different angles and transmitting the triaxial acceleration to the processor for measuring errors;
in the processor, the process of calibrating the measurement error of the inclinometry module is as follows: establishing a corresponding relation between the deflection angle and the triaxial acceleration, solving a transformation matrix, correcting the measured triaxial acceleration data according to the transformation matrix to obtain corrected triaxial acceleration data, and calculating the actual well deviation according to a well deviation angle calculation formula;
the inclination measuring module is arranged on the V-shaped block, the V-shaped block is arranged on the scraping platform, and the scraping platform is always in a horizontal position; and the inclinometry module is connected with the flexible pup joint through the inner righting block.
2. The ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system of claim 1, wherein said inclinometry module comprises an inclinometry circuit, said inclinometry circuit being externally wrapped with a shock absorbing layer.
3. The flexible inclinometry system of claim 2, wherein the inclinometry circuit is mounted within an inner wall of a circuit mounting barrel, a front end of the circuit mounting barrel is sealed with a front plug, and a rear end of the circuit mounting barrel is wrapped with a shock absorbing rubber pad.
4. The ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system of claim 2, wherein said inclinometry circuit comprises an inclinometry sensor and a microprocessor for detecting triaxial acceleration and transmitting to the microprocessor, the microprocessor obtaining a well inclination angle according to a well inclination angle calculation formula.
5. A measurement method based on the ultra short radius well flexible inclinometry system of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
acquiring ultra-short radius well deviation data and time data measured during well running operation;
calibrating measurement errors of ultra-short radius well deviation data measured during well running operation;
and establishing a relation between the well depth and the calibrated and corrected well deviation according to the time consistency and pre-stored time and well depth data, and determining the well deviation of different well depths.
6. The method of measuring of claim 5, wherein the process of calibrating the measurement error of the ultra-short radius well deviation data measured during the down-hole operation is: and establishing a corresponding relation between the deflection angle and the triaxial acceleration, solving a transformation matrix, correcting the measured triaxial acceleration data according to the transformation matrix to obtain corrected triaxial acceleration data, and calculating the actual well deviation according to a well deviation angle calculation formula.
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