CN112814658A - Flexible inclination measuring system and method for ultra-short radius well - Google Patents
Flexible inclination measuring system and method for ultra-short radius well Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of oilfield exploration, and provides a flexible inclination measurement system and a flexible inclination measurement method for an ultra-short radius well. The flexible inclination measuring system for the ultra-short radius well comprises an inclination measuring module, a flexible short section and a flexible measuring module, wherein the inclination measuring module is connected with the flexible short section in the drilling tool, and the inclination measuring module is superposed with the axis of the flexible short section and is used for measuring and storing well inclination data and time data of the ultra-short radius well in real time during the operation of going into the well; the calibration device is used for calibrating the measurement error of the inclination measuring module; and the processor is used for pre-storing time and well depth data, acquiring calibrated well deviation and time data, establishing a relation between the well depth and the well deviation according to time consistency and determining the well deviation of different well depths. The method is suitable for measuring the well deviation corresponding to different well depths of the ultra-short radius well, and can calibrate the error of the well deviation data of the ultra-short radius well, so that the precision of well deviation measurement is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oilfield exploration, and particularly relates to a flexible inclination measurement system and a flexible inclination measurement method for an ultra-short radius well.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The well condition of an oil-water well is gradually worsened along with the continuous development of an oil field, the frequent operation of an old oil area and the like, and the improvement of the oil field recovery ratio is seriously influenced by the heterogeneity of an oil deposit. If a renewal well and an encryption well are additionally built in an oil and gas development area, the well construction period is long and the cost is high. Drilling an ultra-short radius horizontal well at the inner side of the casing pipe can save the drilling cost, increase the exposed area of an oil layer and improve the recovery efficiency and the economic benefit.
The ultra-short radius horizontal well is a horizontal well which has a curvature radius far shorter than that of a conventional short curvature radius horizontal well and a curvature radius smaller than 5m, and is also called as an ultra-short radius radial horizontal well. The ultra-short radius well has the characteristics of shorter increasing deviation well section, quicker increasing of the curvature of a well bore of the increasing deviation section, shorter period, quicker effect, drilling cost saving and the like, is researched and applied for more than twenty years abroad, has perfect and matched process technology, advanced and reliable tool and instrument, and has complete functions. Compared with the prior art, the device has poor and unstable performance, is particularly suitable for directional instruments for developing slim holes in thin oil reservoirs, and is difficult to adapt to the requirement of rapid development of ultra-short radius wells.
The ultra-short radius horizontal well technology is a new technology for developing and excavating residual oil, mainly comprises the step of directly performing window sidetracking in an original well casing, and is obviously different from a conventional horizontal well in that the curvature radius is extremely small, and a conventional drilling tool cannot meet the requirement and needs a special flexible drilling tool to drill a well. In order to enable the flexible drilling tool to have directional high deflecting capacity, the flexible drilling rod adopts a plurality of groups of connection modes, and the guide sieve tube is designed into a structure with a groove on one side as required. The automatic control technology of the well track represents the latest development direction of the international drilling technology, is known as the 'century drilling technology', and is a hot point of competitive research in the drilling field of a plurality of oil countries in the world at present. Due to the particularity of a drilling system of the ultra-short radius horizontal well, the realization of track control of a horizontal section is a great technical problem. Therefore, mastering the real-time well deviation data is particularly critical for realizing the track control of the horizontal section.
At present, the process technology of the ultra-short half well is relatively perfect, a plurality of ultra-short radius wells (less than 5m) are developed, however, the inventor finds that the conventional inclinometer cannot meet the requirement of the curvature of the well because the bending radius of the conventional inclinometer is not more than or equal to 2.7m, is difficult to be used for measuring the well deviation and cannot be used for evaluating the well track of the ultra-short radius well.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one technical problem in the background art, the invention provides a flexible inclination measurement system and a flexible inclination measurement method for an ultra-short radius well, which are suitable for measuring well inclinations corresponding to different well depths of the ultra-short radius well, and can also perform error calibration on well inclination data of the ultra-short radius well, so that the accuracy of well inclination measurement is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a first aspect of the invention provides an ultra-short radius well flexibility inclinometry system, comprising:
the inclination measuring module is connected with a flexible short section in the drilling tool, is superposed with the axis of the flexible short section, and is used for measuring and storing the well inclination data and the time data of the ultra-short radius well in real time during the well descending operation;
the calibration device is used for calibrating the measurement error of the inclination measuring module;
and the processor is used for pre-storing time and well depth data, acquiring calibrated well deviation and time data, establishing a relation between the well depth and the well deviation according to time consistency and determining the well deviation of different well depths.
As an embodiment, the calibration device comprises a level meter and an angle scale, wherein the level meter is used for ensuring that the inclination measuring module is in a horizontal position, and the angle scale is placed at the end part of the inclination measuring module and is used for measuring the three-axis acceleration of the inclination measuring module at different angles and transmitting the acceleration to the processor for measuring errors.
The technical scheme has the advantages that the calibration device is used for providing the reference triaxial acceleration, so that the conversion relation between the measured value and the reference value is obtained according to the measured triaxial acceleration, and the correction of the measured well deviation data is realized.
As an embodiment, the inclination measuring module is placed on the V-shaped block and placed on the V-shaped block, the V-shaped block is placed on the scraping platform, and the scraping platform is always in a horizontal position.
The technical scheme has the advantages that the inclination measuring module is fixed by the V-shaped block, and the calibration precision is guaranteed.
As an embodiment, in the processor, the process of calibrating the measurement error of the inclinometer module is as follows: and establishing a corresponding relation between the deflection angle and the triaxial acceleration, solving a transformation matrix, correcting the measured triaxial acceleration data according to the transformation matrix to obtain corrected triaxial acceleration data, and calculating the actual well deviation according to a well deviation angle calculation formula.
The technical scheme has the advantages that the well deviation data is corrected by utilizing the conversion relation between the calibration data and the measurement data, the well deviation error compensation is realized, and the deviation measurement precision of the ultra-short radius well is improved.
As an implementation mode, the inclination measuring module is connected with the flexible short section through the inner righting block.
The advantage of above-mentioned scheme lies in, has ensured the stability of being connected between deviational survey module and the flexible nipple joint.
As an implementation mode, the inclinometry module comprises an inclinometry circuit, and a shock absorption layer is wrapped outside the inclinometry circuit.
The advantage of above-mentioned scheme lies in, has reduced the influence of drilling tool vibration to deviational survey module life greatly.
In one embodiment, the inclinometer circuit is installed in the inner wall of the circuit installation cylinder, the front end of the circuit installation cylinder is sealed by a front plug, and the rear end of the circuit installation cylinder is wrapped by a shock absorption rubber pad.
As one embodiment, the inclination measuring circuit comprises an inclination measuring sensor and a microprocessor, the inclination measuring sensor is used for detecting three-axis acceleration and transmitting the three-axis acceleration to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor obtains the inclination angle according to an inclination angle calculation formula.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a measurement method based on an ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system, which includes:
acquiring ultra-short radius well deviation data and time data measured during well descending operation;
calibrating the measurement error of the ultrashort radius well deviation data measured during the well descending operation;
and establishing a relation between the well depth and the calibrated and corrected well deviation according to the time consistency and the pre-stored time and well depth data, and determining the well deviations with different well depths.
As an embodiment, the process of calibrating the measurement error of the ultra-short radius well deviation data measured during the downhole operation is as follows: and establishing a corresponding relation between the deflection angle and the triaxial acceleration, solving a transformation matrix, correcting the measured triaxial acceleration data according to the transformation matrix to obtain corrected triaxial acceleration data, and calculating the actual well deviation according to a well deviation angle calculation formula.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the axis coincidence of the inclination measuring module and the flexible short section is utilized, the well inclination data and the time data of the ultra-short radius well are measured in real time and stored during the operation of going into the well, the calibration device calibrates the measuring error of the inclination measuring module, and then the relation between the well depth and the well inclination is established according to the time consistency and the pre-stored time and well depth data, so that the well inclination with different well depths is determined, the error calibration of the well inclination data of the ultra-short radius well is realized, and the well inclination measuring precision is improved.
(2) The calibration device is adopted to calibrate the measurement error of the inclination measurement module, so that the compensation of well inclination error can be realized conveniently, and the inclination measurement precision of the ultra-short radius well is improved.
(3) The acquisition and storage software program is solidified into the hardware circuit, the hardware circuit is installed in the mechanical structure of the inclination measuring module, the size of the inclination measuring module is reduced, the inclination measuring module can accurately complete work in the environment with compact space, and the hardware circuit is installed in the mechanical vibration damping structure, so that the influence of the vibration of the drilling tool on the service life of the inclination measuring module is greatly reduced.
Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flexible short joint in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic mechanical structure diagram of the inclinometer module in the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a slope measuring module of the ultra-short radius well flexible slope measuring sub in the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic connection diagram of a dip module of the ultra-short radius well flexible dip sub in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a calibration device in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an inclinometer circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the flexible inclination measurement principle of the ultra-short radius well in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a calibration algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only terms of relationships determined for convenience of describing structural relationships of the parts or elements of the present invention, and are not intended to refer to any parts or elements of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, terms such as "fixedly connected", "connected", and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, and mean either a fixed connection or an integrally connected or detachable connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be determined according to specific situations by persons skilled in the relevant scientific or technical field, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In order to solve the problems that the conventional inclinometer cannot meet the requirement of the curvature of a borehole due to the bending radius, is difficult to be used for measuring the well inclination and cannot be used for evaluating the borehole trajectory of an ultra-short radius well in the background art, the embodiment provides the flexible inclinometry system for the ultra-short radius well, which comprises an inclinometry module, a calibration device and a processor.
In the specific implementation, the inclination measuring module is connected with a flexible short section in the drilling tool, and the inclination measuring module coincides with the axis of the flexible short section and is used for measuring and storing the well inclination data and the time data of the ultra-short radius well in real time during the well descending operation.
In fig. 1, the drilling tool is composed of an upper common drilling rod 2, an upper three-link 3, a guide sieve tube 4, a flexible drilling rod 5, a flexible short joint 6, a lower three-link 7 and a drill bit 8, and is used for drilling in an ultra-short radius horizontal well wall 1. The flexible drill rod has poor guiding performance and is easy to damage, so a guiding screen pipe 4 is arranged around the flexible drill rod and is matched with the flexible drill rod for use.
As shown in fig. 2, the inclinometer module comprises an inclinometer circuit, and the inclinometer circuit 17 is wrapped by the damping silica gel 16 and installed in the inner wall of the circuit installation cylinder 14. The battery installation sleeve 15 is connected to inclinometer circuit 17 left end, and battery installation sleeve 15 and battery holder 11 cooperation use for install and fixed battery 13, battery 13 are the power supply of inclinometer circuit 17. The circuit mounting tube 14 is connected with the battery holder 11 through threads, and the rubber ring 12 is arranged on the battery holder 11, so that the circuit mounting tube and the battery holder are more compact in matching and vibration is reduced. The front section of the inclinometer is sealed by a front plug 18, the front plug 18 is connected with the circuit installation barrel 14 through threads, and the front plug 18 is also provided with a rubber ring 12. A damping rubber ring I19 and a damping rubber ring II 10 are arranged on the front plug 18 and the battery seat 11, the foremost end of the inclinometer is wrapped by a damping rubber pad I20, and the rearmost end of the inclinometer is wrapped by a damping rubber pad I9, so that an expected damping device is arranged, and the vibration of the circuit board along the axial direction and the radial direction of the drill string is reduced.
In a specific implementation, the inclination measurement circuit comprises an inclination measurement sensor and a microprocessor, the inclination measurement sensor is used for detecting triaxial acceleration and transmitting the triaxial acceleration to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor obtains a well inclination angle according to a well inclination angle calculation formula.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the inclination measuring module 23 is fixed on the inner wall 21 of the flexible inclination measuring short section through the inner centering block 22, and the inner centering block 22 is adopted to enable the inclination measuring module 23 to coincide with the axis of the flexible inclination measuring short section 6. When well deviation occurs, a well deviation angle 26 is generated between the axis 24 of the flexible inclination measuring nipple and a stratum central line 25, the inclination measuring module measures and stores the well deviation of the ultra-short radius well in real time through the inclination measuring sensor and reads the well deviation through a processor (for example, the processor is realized by adopting a computer 27), and the purpose of well deviation measurement is further achieved.
In this embodiment, the calibration device is used for calibrating the measurement error of the inclinometer module.
As shown in fig. 5, in some embodiments the calibration device consists of a lapping platform 28, a level gauge 29, a V-block 30 and an angle scale 31. The scraping platform 28 is adjusted to be horizontal through the level gauge 29, the V-shaped block 30 is placed on the scraping platform 28, the inclination measuring module 23 is placed on the V-shaped block 30, and the angle scale 31 is placed at the axial end of the inclination measuring module.
In some embodiments, the inclinometer module 23 is rotated to measure the triaxial accelerations at different angles through the angle scale 31, the inclinometer module 23 communicates with the processor, and the deviation compensation of the inclination angle is realized in the processor through a calibration algorithm.
In other embodiments, the inclinometer module 23 is connected to the data correction computer 33 through a data line 32. The inclination measurement module 23 is rotated to measure the triaxial acceleration at different angles through the angle scale 31, and the deviation compensation of the inclination angle is realized through a calibration algorithm.
Referring to fig. 6, the inclinometer module includes an inclinometer sensor and a microprocessor for detecting the triaxial acceleration and transmitting it to the microprocessor, which obtains the inclination angle according to an inclination angle calculation formula.
In particular, the microprocessor MCU has four interfaces, an SPI interface 34, an I2C interface 35, a UART interface 36 and a SUPPLY interface 37. I2C interface 35 communicates with triaxial acceleration sensor circuit, gives MCU with the triaxial acceleration information transmission that sensor circuit gathered processing, then via the MCU circuit, handles sensing information, time information, temperature information and packs, adopts SPI interface 34 to save the collection information after packing to the memory again. After the collection is finished, the instrument is taken out, and then the stored information is transmitted to a computer through a UART interface 36, so that the underground triaxial acceleration information is collected. The SUPPLY interface 37 is connected with a dry battery and supplies power for the MCU circuit module.
In the embodiment, the collected and stored software program is solidified into the hardware circuit, the hardware circuit is installed in the mechanical structure of the inclination measuring module, the size of the inclination measuring module is reduced, the inclination measuring module can accurately complete work in the environment with compact space, and the hardware circuit is installed in the mechanical vibration damping structure, so that the influence of the vibration of the drilling tool on the service life of the inclination measuring module is greatly reduced.
Referring to fig. 7, the processor of this embodiment includes five modules, i.e., a configuration and start program module 38, a serial communication program module 39, a skew angle data reading module 40, a well depth recording program module 41, and a well depth-skew angle corresponding data display and storage module 43. The configuration and start program module 38 is mainly used to set the measurement delay time and the measurement start time, so that the instrument is in a standby state during the drill pipe descending process, the power consumption requirement is low, and the inclinometer can be started.
The serial port communication program module 39 can establish communication with a UART interface in the down-hole inclinometer, configure the instrument, determine the start of the instrument, and read the inclination angle data information from the inclinometer. The inclination angle data reading module 40 can read information such as triaxial acceleration sensor data, time data, temperature data and the like in the down-hole inclination measuring instrument into software through serial port communication so as to calculate and analyze the inclination angle. The well depth data recording module 41 is mainly used for inputting the values of the ground well depth sensors into value software through a computer peripheral 45, storing the values, and storing the computer time into an EXCEL table during storage. The well depth-well inclination angle corresponding data display and storage module 43 mainly synchronizes 42 the well depth data and the well inclination angle data according to time, constructs a one-to-one corresponding relation between the well depth and the well inclination angle, then draws a relation curve graph of the well depth and the well inclination angle, and can store the data into an EXCEL table.
Referring to fig. 8, the specific process of the calibration algorithm 47 is as follows:
first, establishThe corresponding relation 48 of the deflection angle and the three-axis acceleration is obtained to obtain f (theta, G)x,Gy,Gz) 049, solving the transformation matrix
Then using the formula
For measuring three-axis accelerometer data (G)x,Gy,Gz)50, obtaining corrected triaxial acceleration data (g)x,gy,gz)53；
Then calculating formula according to the well inclination angle
An actual well angle 55 is calculated.
The measuring method of the flexible inclinometry system for the ultra-short radius well comprises the following steps:
acquiring ultra-short radius well deviation data and time data measured during well descending operation;
calibrating the measurement error of the ultrashort radius well deviation data measured during the well descending operation;
and establishing a relation between the well depth and the calibrated and corrected well deviation according to the time consistency and the pre-stored time and well depth data, and determining the well deviations with different well depths.
The specific use process of the flexible inclination measuring system for the ultra-short radius well comprises the following steps:
firstly, time synchronization is carried out on the inclination measuring module by adopting ground playback software, then the inclination measuring module is installed in the righting block and is installed in the flexible short section together, and then the flexible short section is installed in a drilling tool to carry out downhole operation. And storing the well depth and time data into a processor in real time at the well depth to be measured, taking out the drilling tool from the well bottom and taking out the inclination measuring module after the inclination to be measured is finished, enabling the inclination measuring module to be communicated with the processor, reading and analyzing the well inclination data, further establishing the relation between the well depth and the well inclination, and determining the well inclinations of different well depths.
The embodiment utilizes the axis coincidence of the inclination measuring module and the flexible short section, the well inclination data and the time data of the ultra-short radius well are measured and stored in real time during the operation of going into the well, the calibration device calibrates the measuring error of the inclination measuring module, and then the relation between the well depth and the well inclination is established according to the time consistency and the pre-stored time and well depth data, so that the well inclination with different well depths is determined, the error calibration of the well inclination data of the ultra-short radius well is realized, and the well inclination measuring precision is improved. The calibration device is adopted to calibrate the measurement error of the inclination measurement module, so that the compensation of well inclination error can be realized conveniently, and the inclination measurement precision of the ultra-short radius well is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A flexible inclinometry system for an ultra-short radius well, comprising:
the inclination measuring module is connected with a flexible short section in the drilling tool, is superposed with the axis of the flexible short section, and is used for measuring and storing the well inclination data and the time data of the ultra-short radius well in real time during the well descending operation;
the calibration device is used for calibrating the measurement error of the inclination measuring module;
and the processor is used for pre-storing time and well depth data, acquiring calibrated well deviation and time data, establishing a relation between the well depth and the well deviation according to time consistency and determining the well deviation of different well depths.
2. The ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system of claim 1, wherein the calibration means comprises a level gauge for ensuring that the inclinometry module is in a horizontal position and an angle scale disposed at an end of the inclinometry module for measuring tri-axial accelerations at different angles and transmitting to the processor for error measurement.
3. The ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system of claim 2, wherein the inclinometry module is positioned on a V-block and on the V-block, the V-block is positioned on a lapping platform, and the lapping platform is always in a horizontal position.
4. The ultra-short radius well flexibility inclinometry system of claim 1 or 2, wherein in the processor, calibrating the measurement error of the inclinometry module is by: and establishing a corresponding relation between the deflection angle and the triaxial acceleration, solving a transformation matrix, correcting the measured triaxial acceleration data according to the transformation matrix to obtain corrected triaxial acceleration data, and calculating the actual well deviation according to a well deviation angle calculation formula.
5. The ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system of claim 1, wherein the inclinometry module is coupled to the flexible sub by an inner centralizer block.
6. The ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system of claim 1, wherein the inclinometry module comprises an inclinometry circuit externally wrapped with a shock absorber.
7. The ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system of claim 6, wherein the inclinometry circuitry is mounted within an inner wall of the circuit-mounted barrel, a front end of the circuit-mounted barrel is sealed with a front plug, and a rear end of the circuit-mounted barrel is wrapped with a shock-absorbing rubber pad.
8. The ultra-short radius well flexible inclinometry system of claim 6, wherein said inclinometry circuitry comprises an inclinometry sensor and a microprocessor for sensing tri-axial acceleration and transmitting to the microprocessor, the microprocessor deriving the well angle from a well angle calculation formula.
9. A measurement method based on the ultra short radius well flexible inclinometry system of any of claims 1-8, comprising:
acquiring ultra-short radius well deviation data and time data measured during well descending operation;
calibrating the measurement error of the ultrashort radius well deviation data measured during the well descending operation;
and establishing a relation between the well depth and the calibrated and corrected well deviation according to the time consistency and the pre-stored time and well depth data, and determining the well deviations with different well depths.
10. The method of measurement according to claim 9, wherein calibrating the measurement error for the ultra-short radius well deviation data measured during the downhole operation comprises: and establishing a corresponding relation between the deflection angle and the triaxial acceleration, solving a transformation matrix, correcting the measured triaxial acceleration data according to the transformation matrix to obtain corrected triaxial acceleration data, and calculating the actual well deviation according to a well deviation angle calculation formula.
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