CN1127994A - 滤芯可更换的流体过滤筒 - Google Patents

滤芯可更换的流体过滤筒 Download PDF

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CN1127994A
CN1127994A CN94192915A CN94192915A CN1127994A CN 1127994 A CN1127994 A CN 1127994A CN 94192915 A CN94192915 A CN 94192915A CN 94192915 A CN94192915 A CN 94192915A CN 1127994 A CN1127994 A CN 1127994A
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CN1036122C (zh
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弗兰克斯·A·弗莱德曼
华纳·M·瓦格纳
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Donaldson Co Inc
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D35/00Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/30Filter housing constructions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/30Filter housing constructions
    • B01D2201/301Details of removable closures, lids, caps, filter heads
    • B01D2201/302Details of removable closures, lids, caps, filter heads having inlet or outlet ports
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/30Filter housing constructions
    • B01D2201/301Details of removable closures, lids, caps, filter heads
    • B01D2201/304Seals or gaskets
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

一种旋转式的、有一可更换的滤芯的流体过滤筒,包括一外壳,一有内螺纹的圆形安装圈,一可更换的滤芯,和有外螺纹的安装头组件。圆形安装圈固定在外壳的打开的上端部。当安装头组件拧到圆形安装圈中时,靠近安装头组件外螺纹的一圆形通道中的密封圈可使过滤筒密封。

Description

滤芯可更换的流体过滤筒
发明领域
本发明涉及流体过滤筒,特别地涉及一种具有可更换的滤芯的旋转式流体过滤筒。
发明背景
用于过滤流体、例如机油的滤油筒是熟知的已有技术。滤油筒用于内燃机中以从润滑油中除去沾污物,这可减少发动机的磨损及延长发动机的使用寿命。
典型的滤油筒有一其内装有滤芯的金属筒或外壳,当机油流过该外壳时滤芯可过滤机油。外壳一般有一用来安装到发动机组上的端部,安装时,具有内螺纹且位于中心的机油出口旋到形成在发动机组上的对应的外螺纹上。机油经过围绕出口的多个流体入口孔流入外壳,过滤后的机油经流体出口返回到发动机中。滤油筒一般是藉由入口孔周围的O形垫圈而密封在发动机组上的。具有这种安装结构的滤油筒在本技术领域中被称为“旋转式”滤油筒。
在本技术领域中还有一种已知的“一次性”使用的滤油筒。其中滤芯永久地密封在外壳中。当滤芯已被沾污物堵塞时,整个滤油筒就予以丢弃并在其处再放上一个新的。这种滤油器造成不必要的浪费,因为每次检修滤油筒时都必须使用一个新的装置。由于失效的仅仅是滤芯,而其它部件的使用寿命还没有被利用。这就造成制造这些部件所用的材料和人工的极大的损失。
近来人们已注意到一次性使用的滤油筒对环境的危害。每年都有好几百万的滤油筒被丢弃。其中一些被扔在垃圾中最终用于填海造地,这样往往仍有大量的机油留在其中。州政府和地方政府已通过了立法以减少一次性滤油筒对环境的危害。有些规定要求对滤油筒进行24小时的排放以除去剩余的机油。另一些规定要求压碎滤油筒以减少体积。事实上,许多地区的规定把用过的滤油筒当作“危险废品”对待。经常有大量费用用于支付为已用过的滤油筒的丢弃所作的服务,这些费用经常是购买滤油筒价格的一半。
在本技术领域中,已知有一种具有一可拆卸的盖子以允许更换滤芯的流体过滤筒。美国专利No.5,066,391揭示了这样一种滤油筒。然而,这种已有技术的滤油筒价格较贵,因为其中需要有一用于外壳的较厚的外壁和一单独的底端盖。
本发明涉及解决这些问题的技术方案。所要提供的是一种简单的、低成本的、易于制造的、具有一可更换的滤芯的旋转式流体过滤筒。发明概述
根据本发明,所提供的是一种具有一可更换的滤芯的旋转式流体过滤筒。该过滤筒包括一外壳,一圆形安装圈,一可更换的滤芯,和一安装头组件。
外壳有一圆周壁,一封闭端,一打开端。圆形安装圈设置在外壳的打开端部中并固定于壳体上。圆形安装圈有内螺纹和靠近螺纹的周边密封表面。
可更换的滤芯设置在外壳中,在滤芯和外壳之间形成一流体入口腔。滤芯有空心的圆筒形芯体,它向滤芯的第一端部打开,过滤后的流体从中流过。滤芯的第二端部是封闭的。
安装头组件有外螺纹,一圆形通道,一密封圈,多个流体入口,一管状的滤芯安装部件,和一流体出口。安装头组件的外螺纹用来与圆形安装圈的内螺纹配合。靠近内螺纹的是圆形通道,其中设有密封圈。当安装头组件的外螺纹拧入圆形安装圈的内螺纹中时,密封圈与周边密封表面协同密封流体过滤筒。过滤筒是通过在安装头中位于中心且具有内螺纹的流体出口安装的。多个流体入口延伸过安装头。与流体出口流体地连通的管状滤芯安装部件延伸到滤芯的打开的第一端部。
流体经流体入口进入过滤筒并充满流体入口腔。然后,它在压力作用下径向向内流动经过滤芯并进入空心圆筒形芯体中。已过滤的流体在空心圆筒形芯体中向上流动,经过管状滤芯安装部件,经流体出口流出过滤筒。
到了要维修流体过滤筒的时候,仅更换滤芯,剩余的元部件几乎可无限期地重复使用。为了维修过滤筒,先借助于多种已知的工具将其从安装座上拆下,就和传统的旋转式过滤筒一样。和传统的旋转式一次性使用的过滤筒一样,通过将过滤筒反转可排出机油。将安装头从圆形安装圈上拧下。卸下用过的滤芯。滤芯可用许多方法回收,诸如挤压或压轧以排出其中剩余的机油,切碎和/或焚化。清洗外壳和安装头组件。在管状滤芯安装部件中放上一个新的滤芯并将安装头组件拧入圆形安装圈中并适当扭转。这时流体过滤筒就已处于可以用传统的旋转式一次性使用的过滤筒一样的方式再安装的备用状态。重复使用除了过滤芯以外的所有过滤筒的元部件不仅可节约大量的成本,而且可减少由于随意丢弃的流体过滤筒所造成的环境污染。
采用一单独的制有螺纹的安装圈可用比直接在外壳上攻螺纹所需的材料薄的材料制造外壳。这种结构因此又可将外壳制造成一单件,而不需要一底盖。这两个特点都可比已有技术的装置节约大量的费用。
构成本发明的特征的这些和其它的优点和新颖的特点已在此文所附的权利要求书中具体地指出。然而,为了较好地理解本发明及其优点,应参阅构成本文另一部分的附图和以下说明和描述本发明的较佳实施例的叙述。
附图的简要说明
图1是本发明的包括一外壳组件,一滤芯,和一安装头组件的过滤筒的分解立体图。
图2是如图1所示的过滤筒装配后的放大的侧视图,其一部分所示为截面,一部分被拆去。
较佳实施例的详细描述
参见附图,图中所示为具有一可更换的滤芯40的旋转式滤油筒10的一个实施例。虽然此较佳实施例是用于内燃机的滤油筒,然而本发明也可用于过滤流体的多种场合,包括过滤液体,燃料,及水。
滤油筒10包括一外壳20,一圆形安装圈30,一可更换的滤芯40和一安装头组件50。
外壳20有一圆周形的壁22,一封闭的端部24,一打开的端部26。在较佳实施例中,外壳20制造成一单件。外壳20是从金属钢板深拉而成的,并且其厚度最好在.030和.050英寸之间。虽然可用其它的材料和厚度,但是这个厚度是在考虑必要的使用寿命的前提下成本最低的材料。如下文将充分讨论的,所选定的外壳20的厚度应足够坚固以可经受重复的使用,然而也应足够薄以允许其形成可在其内保持圆形的安装圈30的形状。为了便于比较,这里给出用于汽车和卡车的可丢弃的滤油筒的厚度,它们在.010至.020之间。圆形安装圈30设置在外壳20的端部26。它包括内螺纹32,靠近内螺纹32的圆周密封支撑表面34,以及倾斜的外圆形壁36。
圆形安装圈30在外壳20的打开端部26处固定到其圆周壁22上。在较佳实施例中,圆周壁22的一部分23在圆形安装圈30的圆周密封支撑表面34上形成“卷边铆接”或“翻边”以将安装圈30固定在外壳20中。圆形安装圈30由外壳20的凸肩25支撑,它形成为一在外壳20的圆周壁22上的径向向外的台阶。然而,本技术领域中那些熟练人员容易认识到圆形安装圈30也可以用多种其它方式固定到外壳20上,例如,在一保持凸缘上制成卷边或焊接,从而使密封支撑表面34成为一密封表面。
圆形安装圈30包括倾斜的圆形的外壁36。倾斜角度最好足以将圆形安装圈30保持在外壳20中以及防止它在包壳中转动。在两个表面之间的静态摩擦角度等于两个表面之间的摩擦系数的反正切角。因此,较佳的倾角小于或等于从轴向向上方所测的外壳20的倾斜表面36和圆周壁22之间的摩擦系数的反正切角。在较佳实施例中,圆形安装圈30由钢材加工而成,所得的较佳的倾角为8.5。
可更换的滤芯40包括空心圆筒形芯体44和在打开的第一端部42的圆形端盖43。过滤媒质可以使用多种材料,它们都是本技术领域中众所周知的。圆形端盖43向空心圆筒形芯体44打开以形成圆形内边缘46。从内边缘46向下延伸的是滤芯密封表面47。端盖43,特别是滤芯密封表面47最好由能够形成径向密封的弹性材料制成。在较佳实施例中,端盖43由硬度近似在70A和80A之间的尿烷材料制成。
安装头组件50包括外螺纹52,置于圆形通道54内的密封圈55,流体入口56,流体出口58,以及滤芯安装部件60。外螺纹52用于与圆形安装圈30的内螺纹32配合。当安装头组件50和圆形安装圈30拧在一起时,密封圈55紧抵着外壳20的卷边部分23以密封滤油筒10。在较佳实施例中,圆形安装圈30的周边密封支撑表面34支撑卷边部分23并不与密封圈55接触。然而,应当认识到,如果将圆形安装圈30固定到外壳20上时所用的方法不同,密封圈55可抵着周边密封支撑表面34而形成密封。
在较佳实施例中,在安装头组件50的外底部设有一密封挡块53。密封挡块53可提供滤油筒10被密封的良好的机械指示。安装头组件50拧入圆形安装圈30中时,当密封挡块53抵在外壳20的卷边部分23上时,密封圈55到位并密封。除了提供指示外,密封挡块53也可增加夹紧力。
多个流体入口56延伸过安装头组件50以将流体纳入滤油筒10中。应当注意,流体也可通过单个入口56而进入纳入滤油筒10中。在较佳实施例中,入口还提供了第二个作用,那就是它们可用来协助将安装头组件50从圆形安装圈30上拆下。入口56都是方孔,较佳的尺寸为1/2英寸平方,以允许插入一拆卸安装头组件50的工具,例如一套筒扳手或棘轮扳手(未示)。于是可通过抓住外壳20并转动拆卸工具来拆下安装头50。然而应当认识到也可采用多种其它形状的入口,以及一另外的孔。
流体出口58包括用于安装滤油筒10的内螺纹59。滤油筒10可象传统的旋转式过滤器那样通过拧紧螺纹来安装。此外,和传统的旋转式过滤器一样,在围绕流体入口56的第二圆形通道70内设置有一第二密封圈71以当滤油筒10拧到发动机上时密封滤油筒10。最好,由密封挡块53和第一密封圈55所产生的夹持扭矩应大于由第二密封圈71所产生的夹持扭矩。否则,当转动外壳20以卸下滤油筒10时,安装头组件50将留在原位而引起机油的泄漏且需要再另行拆下安装头组件50。
当安装滤油筒10时,管形的滤芯安装部件60延伸到在打开的第一端部42的滤芯40的空心圆筒形芯体44中。滤芯40和外壳20在滤芯40和外壳20之间形成一流体入口腔80。当流体从流体入口腔80径向向内流过过滤媒质、滤芯40的内壁中的通孔到空心圆筒形芯体时被过滤。过滤后的流体经过滤芯安装部件和流体出口58流出滤油筒10。
在较佳实施例中,滤芯44和滤芯安装部件60之间藉由滤芯安装部件60和滤芯密封表面47之间压配合来产生一径向密封。或者,也可在滤芯安装部件60外表面61和滤芯40之间采用一密封圈来实现密封。
在较佳实施例中,在滤芯安装部件60上的挡肩62将滤芯40的封闭的第二端部48向下压并抵在外壳20的底部面28上。这种结构可减少一般设置在外壳20的底面28和滤芯40之间以将滤芯40向上偏置来保证较好密封所需的弹簧。在较佳实施例中采用三个以120°的相等间隔设置在第二端部48上的定位突起部49以支撑滤芯40并使之定位在中心。
应当理解,本发明并不局限于以上所讨论的、仅用来说明本发明的较佳实施例。在本发明的精神实质范围中,根据所附权利要求书所表明的上位概念,还可作出多种变化,尤其是对形状,尺寸,和部件的结构以及元部件的材料还可作出多种变化。

Claims (10)

1.一种可重复使用的流体过滤筒,包括:
(a)一外壳,有一圆周壁,一封闭端部,和一打开端部;
(b)一圆形安装圈,设置在所述外壳的所述打开端部,所述圆形安装圈有内螺纹和靠近所述内螺纹的周边密封表面装置;
(c)用来将所述圆形安装圈固定到所述外壳打开端部处的装置;
(d)一可更换的滤芯,设置在所述外壳中以在所述滤芯和所述外壳之间形成一流体入口腔,所述滤芯有一向所述滤芯的第一端部打开以允许过滤后的流体从中流过的空心圆筒形芯体,和一封闭的第二端部;以及,
(e)一安装头组件,有:(i)用来与所述圆形安装圈的所述内螺纹配合的外螺纹;(ii)一靠近所述外螺纹的圆形通道;(iii)一密封圈,设置在所述圆形通道中,当所述安装头组件的所述外螺纹拧入所述圆形安装圈的所述内螺纹中时,所述密封圈与所述圆形安装圈的所述周边密封表面装置共同形成第一密封;(iv)流体入口装置,延伸过与所述流体入口腔流体连通的所述安装头组件;以及(v)一管状滤芯安装部件,延伸入所述滤芯的所述打开第一端部,所述滤芯安装部件有一与所述空心圆筒形芯体流体地连通的流体出口和一密封地配合所述打开第一端部的外表面。
2.如权利要求1所述的流体过滤筒,其特征在于,所述固定装置包括形成在所述圆形安装圈上方的所述外壳的所述圆周壁的一部分,所述部分将所述安装圈固定在所述外壳的所述打开端部中。
3.如权利要求2所述的流体过滤筒,其特征在于,设置在所述安装头组件的所述圆形通道中的所述密封圈紧靠着所述圆周壁的所述部分偏置以产生所述第一密封,所述部分压紧所述周边密封表面装置。
4.如权利要求2所述的流体过滤筒,其特征在于,还包括一用来指示正确方向密封的装置,和当所述安装头组件拧到所述圆形安装圈内时用来增加夹持力的装置,所述指示装置包括一在所述安装头组件和所述外壳的所述圆周壁之间的机械接触。
5.如权利要求1所述的流体过滤筒,其特征在于,所述外壳是从金属钢板上深拉成的并且厚度近似于.030至.050英寸。
6.如权利要求1所述的流体过滤筒,其特征在于,所述流体出口包括内螺纹,所述安装头组件还包括当将所述流体出口拧紧来安装所述过滤器筒时提供第二密封的装置,所述第一密封的夹持力足以克服所述第二密封提供装置的夹持力以便当拆卸所述过滤器筒时,所述第二密封提供装置在所述第一密封之前先释放。
7.如权利要求1所述的流体过滤器,其特征在于,还包括用来将所述安装头组件从所述圆形安装圈上拆下的装置,所述拆除装置包括一在所述安装头组件中的轴向的对准的孔,所述孔的形状可允许一安装头拆除工具插入,当所述拆除工具转动时可拆下所述安装头组件。
8.如权利要求1所述的流体过滤筒,其特征在于,所述圆形安装圈有一倾斜的外圆形壁,所述斜壁相对轴线的角度小于所述斜壁和所述外壳的所述圆周壁之间的摩擦系数的反正切角。
9.如权利要求1所述的流体过滤筒,其特征在于,所述可更换的滤芯还包括一在所述打开的第一端部的圆形端盖,所述端盖有一由在所述端盖上朝向所述空心圆筒形芯体的开口所形成的内边缘和从所述内边缘向下设置的滤芯密封表面,所述滤芯密封表面和所述管状滤芯安装部件的所述外表面一起形成径向密封。
10.如权利要求9所述的流体过滤筒,其特征在于,所述滤芯安装部件包括一挡肩,它向下将所述可更换的滤芯的所述封闭的第二端部偏置在所述外壳的底面上。
CN94192915A 1993-07-30 1994-07-19 滤芯可更换的流体过滤筒 Expired - Fee Related CN1036122C (zh)

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AU679771B2 (en) 1997-07-10
ZA945624B (en) 1995-03-07
DE69405761T2 (de) 1998-04-02
WO1995003871A1 (en) 1995-02-09
JPH09500827A (ja) 1997-01-28
AU7338194A (en) 1995-02-28
CN1036122C (zh) 1997-10-15
US5342519A (en) 1994-08-30
DE69405761D1 (de) 1997-10-23
BR9407109A (pt) 1996-08-27
CA2168112A1 (en) 1995-02-09
EP0711196B1 (en) 1997-09-17
EP0711196A1 (en) 1996-05-15
ES2109719T3 (es) 1998-01-16

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