CN112798223B - Experimental device for research slamming load and pressure intensity distribution of broken wave to cylinder - Google Patents
Experimental device for research slamming load and pressure intensity distribution of broken wave to cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN112798223B CN112798223B CN202011580174.1A CN202011580174A CN112798223B CN 112798223 B CN112798223 B CN 112798223B CN 202011580174 A CN202011580174 A CN 202011580174A CN 112798223 B CN112798223 B CN 112798223B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L11/00—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device for researching slamming load and pressure distribution of broken waves on a cylinder, which comprises an experimental water tank, a slope model arranged at the bottom of the experimental water tank, a guide rail arranged on the experimental water tank and a cylinder structure model arranged on the guide rail, wherein the slope model is a slope model; the cylindrical structure model can slide along a guide rail of the experimental water tank, so that the relative position of the cylindrical structure and the wave breaking point can be changed under the condition that the slope model is not moved. The experimental device can realize the process that waves are propagated along different slopes to break, and if the incident wave propagation slope needs to be changed, the total length of steel plates paved on the aluminum alloy section bar and the facing wave is adjusted; the experimental device can measure the wave slamming loads at different positions under the same wave condition, and only needs to adjust the position of the sliding block; the experimental device can measure the distribution of wave slamming pressure along the surface of the cylinder, and only a pressure sensor is required to be installed on a reserved bolt hole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel crushing wave slamming load research experimental device, in particular to an experimental device for researching the propagation characteristics of waves on different slopes, the stress of a cylinder at different positions and the pressure distribution rule.
Background
At present, the traditional crushing wave slamming research on offshore structures mainly comprises theoretical research, numerical simulation research and physical model experiment research. Due to the complexity of the wave breaking process, corresponding theoretical research is less, and the method is difficult to be applied to practical engineering; the numerical simulation process of the crushing wave requires huge calculation amount, and meanwhile, the aeration phenomenon is obvious when the crushing wave interacts with the cylindrical structure, and the accuracy and precision of the numerical simulation still need to be improved; compared with the former two, the result that physical model experimental study obtained is more accurate and the authenticity is higher, but the physical model experimental study to wave load at present usually takes the research non-crushing wave as the main thing, obtains the static force of effect and cylinder and along the wave climbing of cylinder surface, still lacks to the physical model test device of research crushing wave slamming load and pressure distribution rule.
The physical model experiment cannot reproduce real environmental conditions due to the limitation of an experiment field, and is usually carried out in an experiment water tank by adopting a certain model scale. When slamming loads of crushing waves on a cylindrical structure are developed in an experimental water tank, due to the complexity of the crushing process of the waves, the waves have different crushing forms when being transmitted along different slopes, and the difficulty is brought to research on load bands of the waves of different crushing types; meanwhile, the slamming load generated by waves and the load borne by the bottom plate are large, and a large test is provided for the fixing requirement of the model; the cylindrical structures tend to differ significantly in the loads generated by the crushing wave when located at different positions. Based on the above consideration, a set of experimental device is needed to measure the crash wave slamming load and the pressure distribution on the surface of the cylinder by considering the influence of the slope and the position of the cylinder.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the slamming load can not be accurately measured due to the instantaneous increase of the slamming load, the surface pressure of a cylindrical structure can not be captured, the influence of the gradient and the slope height of a model on the crushing state of the waves is lacked and the like in the traditional research on the wave slamming load, the invention designs a novel experimental device for researching the slamming load and the pressure distribution of the crushed waves on the cylinder. The device can measure the broken wave load and the pressure surface distribution acting on the cylinder, and can consider the influence of the wave on breaking along different gradient propagation through the combination of the aluminum alloy sections, thereby being beneficial to simulating the load and the surface distribution rule of the marine cylindrical structure under the condition of facing different sea conditions.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an experimental apparatus for research slamming load and pressure intensity distribution of broken wave to cylinder which characterized in that: the device comprises an experimental water tank, a slope model arranged at the bottom of the experimental water tank, a guide rail arranged on the experimental water tank and a cylindrical structure model arranged on the guide rail; the cylindrical structure model can slide along a guide rail of the experimental water tank so as to change the relative position of the cylindrical structure and the wave breaking point under the condition that the slope model is not moved; the side surface of the experimental water tank is transparent;
the slope model comprises a stainless steel fixed bottom plate, an aluminum alloy section and a stainless steel plate, wherein the stainless steel plate is fixedly connected with the stainless steel fixed bottom plate through the aluminum alloy section, and the length of the aluminum alloy section is adjustable and is used for changing the slope in the wave-facing direction and the slope height; the stainless steel plate is fixed on the aluminum alloy section through a T-shaped bolt and a nut, and can be replaced according to the requirement;
the cylindrical structure model comprises a guide rail bracket, a sensor and a cylindrical structure, the cylindrical structure is connected with the lower end of the guide rail bracket to realize the suspension arrangement of the cylindrical structure, and the force sensor is arranged between the cylindrical structure and the guide rail bracket and is used for measuring the wave load borne by the cylindrical structure; the surface of the cylindrical structure is provided with a pressure sensor for measuring the local slamming pressure of the crushing wave acting on the surface of the cylindrical structure; the cylindrical structure model is connected with the guide rail through the guide rail bracket.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, further, the rail brackets pass through the slider and be connected with the guide rail, can freely slide and stop in research required position department on experiment basin upper portion, utilize the carpenter to press from both sides and fix.
Further, for guaranteeing that the cylindrical structure does not produce too big rocking when receiving wave load, rail brackets constitute by level, vertical and inclined aluminum alloy ex-trusions, horizontal aluminum alloy ex-trusions constitutes rail brackets's last plane, go up the plane and link to each other with the guide rail, can follow the guide rail and slide, vertical and inclined aluminum alloy ex-trusions are connected in rail brackets's last plane below for offset the sudden increase load of effect on the cylindrical structure, avoid the cylindrical structure to produce too big vibration response.
Furthermore, the rail carrier shown consists of aluminium alloy profiles which are connected to one another by means of profile connection angle pieces and nuts and T-bolts.
Furthermore, a threaded hole is reserved in the surface of the cylindrical structure in advance, the pressure sensor is arranged according to the research position, and an inner hexagonal screw can be installed at the position where the pressure sensor does not need to be installed, so that the surface of the cylindrical structure is complete and free of a cavity, and the influence of the cavity on a flow field is avoided.
Further, the aluminum alloy section bar is connected with the stainless steel fixing bottom plate through the section bar connecting angle piece, and the stainless steel fixing bottom plate can be fixed to the bottom of the experiment water tank through the inner hexagonal screw.
The stainless steel plate is provided with a hole matched with a slope frame formed by the aluminum alloy section in advance, and is fixedly connected with the aluminum alloy section through a T-shaped screw and a nut, so that waves are transmitted along a bottom slope to be broken.
The invention also provides an experimental method for researching slamming load and pressure distribution of broken waves on the cylinder, which is realized based on the device and comprises the following steps:
firstly, filtering an empty water tank in an experimental water tank to enable a wave generator to generate a specific waveform in the experimental water tank; then, adding a slope model at the bottom of a water tank of the test section, and using a wave maker to make waves, wherein the waves are broken due to shallow water effect when being transmitted on the slope model; capturing the position of a wave breaking point through a high-speed camera erected on the side surface of the water tank; then adding the cylindrical model into an experimental water tank, moving the cylindrical model to a crushing point position, and measuring the load of a crushing wave acting on the cylindrical model through a force transducer above the cylindrical model and a pressure sensor arranged on the side surface of the cylindrical model; and finally, researching the propagation characteristics of the waves on different slopes, the stress of the cylinder at different positions and the pressure distribution rule by analyzing the data result.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention can realize the research of breaking and further slamming a cylindrical structure caused by the propagation of waves along a slope under the simulation condition of an experimental water tank. The bottom slope model designed by the invention can realize that waves propagate along slopes with different inclination angles and generate a crushing phenomenon by changing the connection length and the slope toe of the aluminum alloy section; further realizing the measurement of the slamming loads borne by the cylindrical structure models at different positions through the movement of the upper guide rail bracket; meanwhile, the pressure distribution on the surface of the cylinder is measured by the pressure sensors arranged on the surface of the cylindrical structure.
Drawings
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the connection of the stainless steel base plate and the aluminum alloy profile of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the frame construction of the bottom slope model of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bracket-load cell-cylinder connection of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the slider attachment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the kit of the present invention;
1. aluminum alloy section bars A and 2, section bar connecting angle pieces A, 3, nuts A, 4, T-shaped screws A, 5, stainless steel bottom plates, 6, inner hexagonal screws A, 7, aluminum alloy section bars B, 8, section bar connecting angle pieces B, 9, nuts B, 10, T-shaped screws B, 11, stainless steel plates, 12, aluminum alloy section bars C, 13, section bar connecting angle pieces C, 14, nuts C, 15, T-shaped screws C, 16, inner hexagonal screws B, 17, support-force measuring sensor connecting devices, 18, force measuring sensors, 19, cylindrical structures, 20, guide rail supports, 21 guide rails, 22, nuts D, 23, T-shaped screws D, 24, sliding blocks, 25, woodworking clamps and 26 pressure sensors.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments.
An experimental device for researching slamming load and pressure distribution of broken waves on a cylinder comprises an experimental water tank, a slope model arranged at the bottom of the experimental water tank, a guide rail 21 arranged on the experimental water tank and a cylinder structure model arranged on the guide rail 21; the cylindrical structure model can slide along the guide rail 21 on the experimental water tank, so that the relative position of the cylindrical structure and the wave breaking point can be changed under the condition that the slope model is not moved.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the whole set of the device of the present invention. The aluminum alloy section A1 is connected with the corner fittings A2 through the section bars, and the lower part of the aluminum alloy section is connected with the stainless steel bottom plate 5 through the section bar connecting corner fittings A2 and is fixed at the bottom of the experimental water tank. And a stainless steel plate 11 is laid above the aluminum alloy section A1 to form a bottom slope model. The slider 24 is arranged on the rail 21 and the rail bracket 20 is fixed above the sink by a carpenter's clamp 25. The rail bracket 20 is connected to the load cell 18 via a bracket-load cell connection 17, the other end of the load cell 18 being connected to the cylindrical structure 19. The surface of the cylindrical structure 19 is pre-provided with a plurality of openings, on which pressure sensors 26 are arranged.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the connection between the stainless steel bottom plate and the profile of the invention. In fig. 1, a stainless steel bottom plate 5 is fixedly connected with the bottom of an experimental water tank through a hexagon socket head cap screw A6, and an aluminum alloy section A1 is connected with the stainless steel bottom plate 5 through a section connecting angle piece A2, a nut A3 and a T-shaped screw A4.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the bottom slope model of the present invention. In fig. 2, an aluminum alloy section B7 is connected with a section connecting angle B8 and a nut B9 and a T-shaped screw B10 to form a slope frame, a stainless steel plate 11 is laid above the slope, and the aluminum alloy section is connected with the nut B9 and the T-shaped screw B10 through a pre-reserved hole.
Figure 3 is a schematic view of the bracket-load cell-cylinder connection of the present invention. In fig. 3, a horizontal aluminum alloy section forms the upper plane of the guide rail bracket 20, an aluminum alloy section C12 is connected to the lower part of the upper plane of the guide rail bracket through a section connecting angle C13, a nut C14 and a T-shaped screw C15 to jointly form the guide rail bracket 20, and is connected with a load cell 18 through a bracket-load cell connecting device 17 and an inner hexagonal screw B16, and the load cell 18 is further connected with a cylindrical structure 19.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the slider connection of the present invention. In fig. 4, a slider 24 is arranged on the rail 21 and connected to the rail bracket 20 by a nut D22 and a T-screw D23.
The test process of the device is as follows:
firstly, empty water tank filtering is carried out in an experimental water tank, so that a wave generator generates a specific waveform in the water tank. And then, adding a slope model at the bottom of the water tank of the test section, and utilizing a wave generator to generate waves, wherein the waves are broken due to shallow water effect when being transmitted on the slope model. Transparent glass plates are arranged on two sides of the water tank, and the positions of the wave breaking points are captured by a high-speed camera erected on the side face of the water tank. And then adding the upper cylindrical model into an experimental water tank, moving the upper cylindrical model to the position of a crushing point, and measuring the load of a crushing wave acting on the cylindrical model through a force transducer above the cylindrical model and a pressure sensor arranged on the side surface of the cylindrical model. And finally, researching the propagation characteristics of the waves on different slopes, the stress of the cylinder at different positions and the pressure distribution rule by analyzing the data result.
Of course, the above is only a specific application example of the present invention, and other embodiments of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an experimental apparatus for research slamming load and pressure intensity distribution of broken wave to cylinder which characterized in that: the device comprises an experimental water tank, a slope model arranged at the bottom of the experimental water tank, a guide rail arranged on the experimental water tank and a cylindrical structure model arranged on the guide rail; the cylindrical structure model can slide along a guide rail of the experimental water tank so as to change the relative position of the cylindrical structure and the wave breaking point under the condition that the slope model is not moved; the side surface of the experimental water tank is transparent;
the slope model comprises a stainless steel fixed bottom plate, an aluminum alloy section and a stainless steel plate, wherein the stainless steel plate is fixedly connected with the stainless steel fixed bottom plate through the aluminum alloy section, and the length of the aluminum alloy section is adjustable and is used for changing the slope in the wave-facing direction and the slope height; the stainless steel plate is fixed on the aluminum alloy section through a T-shaped bolt and a nut;
the cylindrical structure model comprises a guide rail bracket, a sensor and a cylindrical structure, the cylindrical structure is connected with the lower end of the guide rail bracket to realize the suspension arrangement of the cylindrical structure, and the force sensor is arranged between the cylindrical structure and the guide rail bracket and is used for measuring the wave load borne by the cylindrical structure; the surface of the cylindrical structure is provided with a pressure sensor for measuring the local slamming pressure of the crushing wave acting on the surface of the cylindrical structure; the cylindrical structure model is connected with the guide rail through the guide rail bracket; the guide rail support comprises horizontal, vertical and inclined aluminum alloy sections, the horizontal aluminum alloy sections form an upper plane of the guide rail support, the upper plane is connected with the guide rail, the vertical and inclined aluminum alloy sections are connected below the upper plane of the guide rail support and used for offsetting shock loading acting on the cylindrical structure and avoiding the cylindrical structure from generating overlarge vibration response.
2. The experimental device for studying slamming load and pressure distribution of broken waves on a cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the guide rail bracket is connected with the guide rail through a sliding block and can slide along the water tank.
3. The experimental device for studying slamming load and pressure distribution of broken waves on a cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the guide rail bracket is formed by connecting aluminum alloy sections through section bar connecting angle pieces, nuts and T-shaped screws.
4. The experimental device for studying slamming load and pressure distribution of broken waves on a cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: a threaded hole is reserved in the surface of the cylindrical structure in advance, the pressure sensor is arranged according to the research position, and the hexagon socket head cap screw is installed at the position where the pressure sensor does not need to be installed, so that the surface integrity of the cylindrical structure is guaranteed, and the influence of the hole on a flow field is avoided.
5. The experimental device for studying slamming load and pressure distribution of broken waves on a cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aluminum alloy section is connected with the stainless steel fixed bottom plate through the section bar connecting angle piece and is fixed at the bottom of the experimental water tank.
6. An experimental method for studying slamming load and pressure distribution of broken waves on a cylinder, which is characterized in that the method is realized based on the device of any one of claims 1-5, and comprises the following steps:
firstly, filtering an empty water tank in an experimental water tank to enable a wave generator to generate a specific waveform in the experimental water tank; then, adding a slope model at the bottom of a water tank of the test section, and using a wave maker to make waves, wherein the waves are broken due to shallow water effect when being transmitted on the slope model; capturing the position of a wave breaking point through a high-speed camera erected on the side surface of the water tank; then adding the cylindrical model into an experimental water tank, moving the cylindrical model to a crushing point position, and measuring the load of a crushing wave acting on the cylindrical model through a force transducer above the cylindrical model and a pressure sensor arranged on the side surface of the cylindrical model; and finally, researching the propagation characteristics of the waves on different slopes, the stress of the cylinder at different positions and the pressure distribution rule by analyzing the data result.
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| CN202011580174.1A CN112798223B (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Experimental device for research slamming load and pressure intensity distribution of broken wave to cylinder |
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| CN202011580174.1A CN112798223B (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Experimental device for research slamming load and pressure intensity distribution of broken wave to cylinder |
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| CN112798223B true CN112798223B (en) | 2021-12-07 |
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| CN114636542B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2023-03-31 | 浙江大学 | Experimental device for research slamming load and pressure distribution of broken wave to jacket platform |
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