CN109736256A - A kind of the breakwater model and its experimental system of slope surface variable-angle - Google Patents
A kind of the breakwater model and its experimental system of slope surface variable-angle Download PDFInfo
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- CN109736256A CN109736256A CN201910194175.3A CN201910194175A CN109736256A CN 109736256 A CN109736256 A CN 109736256A CN 201910194175 A CN201910194175 A CN 201910194175A CN 109736256 A CN109736256 A CN 109736256A
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Abstract
The present invention provides the breakwater model and its experimental system of a kind of slope surface variable-angle, including lower support structure, the stress slope surface hinged with bottom structure one end, the top plate that the stress slope surface other end is set, it is additionally provided with lead screw, described lead screw one end and stress slope surface are hinged, the other end is fixed with lower support structure, and through-hole is provided on the top plate, and the lead screw passes through through-hole.The present invention can easily carry out slope surface continuously adjusting at any angle between 20 ° -90 ° in experiment by lead screw, in order to study influence of the angle change to the wave pressure regularity of distribution and wave pressure maximum value and its active position, wave climbing in different angle slope surface and crushing effect can be observed simultaneously, provides basis for design of breakwater.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breakwater model and its experimental system more particularly to a kind of breakwater of slope surface variable-angle
Model and its experimental system belong to ocean engineering experimental technique field.
Background technique
One of the main external force that breakwater is subject in coastal and offshore engineering is exactly wave force, for acting on breakwater
Wave force research, determines the realization of engineering objective and the stability and security of building.Existing breakwater model slope is all
It is fixed angle, is not easy to the research to wave force suffered by the breakwater of different angle slope.
Summary of the invention
A kind of preventing for slope surface variable-angle is provided the purpose of the invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing breakwater model
Wave dike model and its experimental system.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of breakwater model of slope surface variable-angle, including lower support structure, with bottom structure one end it is hinged by
Power slope surface, the top plate that the stress slope surface other end is arranged in are additionally provided with lead screw, and described lead screw one end and stress slope surface are hinged, separately
One end is fixed with lower support structure, and through-hole is provided on the top plate, and the lead screw passes through through-hole.
The invention also includes features some in this way:
1. the angle between the stress slope surface and horizontal plane is 20 ° -90 °；
2. being additionally provided with parapet, the parapet is fixedly connected with top plate；
3. the lower support structure is provided with aperture.
A kind of breakwater model experimental systems of slope surface variable-angle, including sink, be arranged in sink one end wave maker, set
Set breakwater model and the wave pressure measurement of the slope surface variable-angle between the wave absorber of the sink other end, setting in the sink
Device, the wave pressure force measuring device are arranged in the stress slope surface of breakwater model.
The direction of the equivalent width of the breakwater model and sink and stress slope surface is in face of wave maker；
The lead screw length of the breakwater model is greater than sink height；
7-10 measuring point screw hole is arranged in elongatedness direction on the stress slope surface middle line, and the parapet is along short transverse
Arrange 3-5 measuring point screw hole；
The measuring point screw hole is provided with pressure sensor.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention can easily carry out slope surface in experiment by lead screw continuous at any angle between 20 ° -90 °
It adjusts, in order to study influence of the angle change to the wave pressure regularity of distribution and wave pressure maximum value and its active position, simultaneously
Wave climbing in different angle slope surface and crushing effect can be observed, provides basis for design of breakwater.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the breakwater model of slope surface changing angle of the present embodiment；
Fig. 2 is can using a kind of slope surface of the slope surface upper ripple pressure size of breakwater model measurement shown in Fig. 1 and the regularity of distribution
The breakwater model experimental systems schematic diagram of varied angle；
When Fig. 3 is that measure slope surface relative level inclination angle using experimental system shown in Fig. 2 be 30 °, in breakwater slope surface
The wave pressure regularity of distribution；
Fig. 4 is that the wave pressure of the one of measuring point of Fig. 3 changes over time graph.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of existing breakwater model, a kind of breakwater of slope surface variable-angle is invented
Model and experimental system when testing convenient for researcher using the model, can continuously change slope surface tilt angle, research
Different angle and the changing rule between the wave force in breakwater slope surface is acted on, provides technical foundation for design of breakwater.
The present invention provides a kind of breakwater model of slope surface changing angle, including top plate, stress slope surface, lead screw, bottom
Support construction, parapet.Lower support structure is fixed in lead screw one end, and the other end is connect with stress slope surface.It can by lead screw
To adjust the tilt angle of stress slope surface.
The tilt angle of stress slope surface is adjusted in above scheme by lead screw, research slope surface angle change is to acting on
The influence of wave force on breakwater, at the same can observe wave on differing tilt angles Caused by Sloping Surfaces climb and crushing effect.
Preferably, lead screw selects stainless steel and length is slightly larger than experimental trough height, changes at any time convenient for operator anti-
The wave dike slope gradient carries out experimental study.
Preferably, stress slope surface is hinged using copper hinge with lower support structure edge, and top plate and stress slope surface are hinged,
The two is connected as one to be connect with lead screw, adjusts stress slope surface angle by lead screw, angle can continuously become between 20 ° -90 °
Change, to study influence of the angle change to wave force in slope surface is acted on.
Preferably, reserved space can consider whether installation parapet according to experiment condition on top plate.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of measurement, to act on wave pressure on slope surface variable-angle breakwater big
The experimental system of the small and regularity of distribution, the experimental system include sink, push-plate type wave maker, wave pressure force measuring device and described
Breakwater model, the width and sink equivalent width of breakwater model, wave maker are set to sink one end formation rule wave in slot
Or irregular water wave, wave direction of travel is consistent with sink length direction, and the sink other end sets variable orifice diameter wave absorption plate wave absorber
To reduce the influence of back wave, section between the setting in the sink of breakwater model when experiment.
Water level can accordingly be adjusted according to the slope change of breakwater model in sink, make slightly exposing or rigid at the top of model
It is immersed in the water surface well.
It is evenly arranged 7-10 measuring point along slope surface length direction on breakwater stress slope surface axis, wave maker manufactures wave
Afterwards, the incident breakwater model in wave front acquires wave pressure with 7-10 measuring point at slope surface by arranging, carries out data processing
The active position of the regularity of distribution of wave pressure and positive wave force in slope surface when differing tilt angles under same wave height can be obtained.
A kind of breakwater model of slope surface variable-angle of the present invention, including parapet 1, top plate 2, lead screw 3, stress slope surface
4, lower support structure 5 is fixed in lower support structure 5,3 one end of lead screw, and the other end and stress slope surface 4 are hinged.It can by lead screw
To adjust the tilt angle between stress slope surface and horizontal plane；The model further includes hinge, screw, between parapet 1 and top plate 2
It is fixed by screws；Top plate 2 and 4 fixed hinge of stress slope surface；Hinge is hinged between stress slope surface 4 and lower support structure 5；
By the tilt angle between the adjustable stress slope surface of lead screw and horizontal plane between 20 ° -90 ° consecutive variations；It is dug among top plate 2
Sky is to reserve activity space for lead screw 3, and screw is fixedly connected between each plank of lower support structure 5, while in order to mitigate self weight
Be easily installed measuring instrument, can corresponding aperture on each plank；A kind of breakwater model experimental systems of slope surface variable-angle,
Using breakwater model 9 described in Claims 1-4 4, the experimental system includes sink 6, the push-plate type for being placed in sink one end
Wave maker 7, the variable orifice diameter wave absorber 10 and wave pressure force measuring device 8 for being placed in the sink other end, the breakwater of experimental system
Model width and experimental trough equivalent width, stress slope surface is arranged in face of direction of flow, and is placed in sink length direction interlude,
7-10 measuring point screw hole is evenly distributed on 4 middle line of stress slope surface along its length, pressure sensor is installed, parapet (1) is along height side
To uniformly distributed 3-5 measuring point screw hole, aperture is consistent with the pressure sensor diameter that experiment uses.Parapet can be according to the actual situation
Whether selection installation.Allow at the top of breakwater overcurrent that parapet is not installed, it is on the contrary then parapet is installed.
Embodiment one
A kind of schematic diagram of the breakwater model of slope surface variable-angle of the present embodiment is as shown in Figure 1, include top plate 1, stress
Slope surface 2, lead screw 3, lower support structure 4, parapet 5 (can selectively be installed additional according to requirement of experiment and operating condition).Top plate with by
The hinged integral and junction angle of power slope surface is freely adjustable, and top plate is horizontal always.Bottom support knot is fixed in lead screw one end
Structure, the other end are connect with stress slope surface.Pass through the tilt angle of lead screw adjustable stress slope surface and horizontal plane.Stress slope surface with
Lower support structure uses four hinge connections.Screw can be used when selection parapet to be fixed on top plate.Top plate
Middle part reserves lead screw and adjusts space.To mitigate self weight and being easily installed measuring instrument, can be arranged in lower support structure corresponding
Aperture.
Plane where defining lower support structure is horizontal plane.
Lead screw uses stainless steel material, length 1.2m.Top plate, stress slope surface, lower support structure, parapet are selected thick
Degree is the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate of 15mm, and stress slope surface width 80cm (is equal to experimental trough width).
According to the pressure sensor model that experiment uses, uniformly distributed 7-10 measuring point screw hole, screw hole hole on stress slope surface middle line
Diameter is consistent with pressure sensor diameter, convenient for the installation of pressure sensor.
A kind of breakwater model of slope surface changing angle of the present invention can continuously change slope surface tilt angle, and research is not
With the changing rule of the wave force acted in breakwater slope surface when angle, technology base is provided for design of breakwater under different tidal level
Plinth.
It wherein, further include several screws in the model, for being connected and fixed between plate.It can be real by rotational lead screw
It continuously adjusts for 20 ° -90 ° between existing stress slope surface and horizontal plane, to study angle change to acting on wave force in slope surface
It influences.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of breakwater upper ripple pressure size and distribution for measuring and acting on slope surface variable-angle
Experimental system such as Fig. 2 of rule, the experimental system includes sink 6, push-plate type wave maker 7, wave pressure force measuring device 8 and institute
State breakwater model 9 and wave absorber 10.The width and sink equivalent width of breakwater model, wave maker are set to sink one
End, can in slot formation rule wave or irregular water wave, wave direction of travel is consistent with sink length direction, and the sink other end is set
Variable orifice diameter wave absorption plate wave absorber is to reduce the influence of back wave, section between the setting in the sink of breakwater model when experiment.
Sink water level can accordingly be adjusted according to the slope change of breakwater model in experiment, make slightly to expose at the top of model
Or just it is immersed in the water surface.It can choose whether to need that parapet is installed as needed.If not allowing overflow at the top of breakwater,
Parapet is then installed, 3-5 measuring point can be uniformly arranged on breastwork vertical direction, measure wave force suffered by breastwork.Breakwater by
It is evenly arranged 7-10 measuring point along slope surface length direction in power slope surface, after wave maker manufactures wave, the incident breakwater in wave front
Model acquires wave pressure with 7-10 measuring point at slope surface by arranging, carrying out data processing can be obtained difference under same wave height
The active position of the regularity of distribution of wave pressure and positive wave force in slope surface when tilt angle.
In addition, stress slope surface tilt angle, such as 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, 90 ° are changed by adjusting screw in experiment, so as to
In influence of the research angle change to the wave pressure regularity of distribution and wave pressure size and its position, while wave can be observed and existed
Climbing in different angle slope surface and crushing effect provide basis for design of breakwater.When Fig. 3 is 30 ° of stress slope surface in slope surface
Wave pressure distribution map, Fig. 4 are the pressure time curve of one of measuring point, can obtain wave pressure edge by experiment
Slope is from the water surface to water-bed distribution substantially first increases and then decreases；The maximum value of wave pressure is occurred substantially in away from standing level
At the water surface of one times of wave height.
The above embodiment of the present invention just to clearly illustrate examples made by the present invention, is implemented to the present invention
The restriction of mode.For the researcher of fields, corresponding change can be made according to actual needs on the basis of above description,
Here without being enumerated to all embodiments.All any modifications made within principle of the invention, improvement,
It should be comprising within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
In summary: the present invention relates to harbor approach and coastal engineering model experiment technical field, a kind of slope surface variable angle
The breakwater model and experimental system of degree, the model include top plate, stress slope surface, lead screw, lower support structure, wave resistance chest
It is continuous in 20 ° -90 ° that slope surface and horizontal direction may be implemented by the tilt angle of the adjustable stress slope surface of lead screw in wall
Variable-angle carries out the slope surface wave pressure model experiment of different angle sloping breakwater and upstanding bank, in order to study angle change pair
The influence of the wave pressure regularity of distribution and wave pressure maximum value and its active position, while wave can be observed in different angle slope surface
On climb and crushing effect, provide basis for design of breakwater.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of breakwater model of slope surface variable-angle, characterized in that including lower support structure, cut with scissors with bottom structure one end
The stress slope surface that connects, the top plate that the stress slope surface other end is arranged in, are additionally provided with lead screw, and described lead screw one end and stress slope surface are cut with scissors
It connects, the other end is fixed with lower support structure, and through-hole is provided on the top plate, and the lead screw passes through through-hole.
2. the breakwater model of slope surface variable-angle according to claim 1, characterized in that the stress slope surface and level
Angle between face is 20 ° -90 °.
3. the breakwater model of slope surface variable-angle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that be additionally provided with wave resistance chest
Wall, the parapet are fixedly connected with top plate.
4. the breakwater model of slope surface variable-angle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bottom support knot
Structure is provided with aperture.
5. the breakwater model of slope surface variable-angle according to claim 3, characterized in that the lower support structure is set
It is equipped with aperture.
6. a kind of breakwater model experimental systems of slope surface variable-angle, characterized in that including sink, be arranged and made in sink one end
The breakwater model and wave of slope surface variable-angle between wave machine, the wave absorber that the sink other end is set, setting in the sink
Device for pressure measurement, the wave pressure force measuring device are arranged in the stress slope surface of breakwater model.
7. the breakwater model experimental systems of slope surface variable-angle according to claim 6, characterized in that the breakwater
The direction of the equivalent width of model and sink and stress slope surface is in face of wave maker.
8. the breakwater model experimental systems of slope surface variable-angle according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that described anti-
The lead screw length of wave dike model is greater than sink height.
9. the breakwater model experimental systems of slope surface variable-angle according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that it is described by
7-10 measuring point screw hole is arranged in elongatedness direction on power slope surface middle line, and the parapet arranges 3-5 measuring point along short transverse
Screw hole.
10. the breakwater model experimental systems of slope surface variable-angle according to claim 9, characterized in that the measuring point
Screw hole is provided with pressure sensor.
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| CN110683015A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-01-14 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Lifting wave-absorbing device for reducing side wall effect of ship towing tank |
| CN111442904A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-07-24 | 天津大学 | Experimental device for simulating wave energy dissipation hydrodynamic force of island reef terrace |
| CN111811774A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-23 | 鲁东大学 | Device for measuring stress of comb-type open dike structure of inner arc wall of test water tank |
| CN112798223A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-14 | 浙江大学 | Experimental device for research slamming load and pressure intensity distribution of broken wave to cylinder |
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| CN111811774A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-23 | 鲁东大学 | Device for measuring stress of comb-type open dike structure of inner arc wall of test water tank |
| CN112798223A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-14 | 浙江大学 | Experimental device for research slamming load and pressure intensity distribution of broken wave to cylinder |
| CN112798223B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-12-07 | 浙江大学 | Experimental device for research slamming load and pressure intensity distribution of broken wave to cylinder |
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