CN112796230A - Translation device for synchronously replacing new and old components and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A translation device for synchronously replacing a new member and an old member and a construction method thereof comprise a slide way and a sliding structure formed by connecting two groups of sliding shoe assemblies, wherein one group of sliding shoe assemblies supports the old member, and the other group of sliding shoe assemblies supports the new member; a counter-force seat is fixed at one end of the slide way and connected with the traction end, so that the slide way, the counter-force seat and the traction end are connected into a whole; when the traction driving part pulls or pushes the traction part, the old component and the new component are moved together. When construction is carried out, the new member is prefabricated beside the old member, after the new member is prefabricated, the prefabricated new member and the prefabricated old member are respectively placed on the respective sliding shoe assemblies, and the new member and the old member are translated in place by the traction device. The anti-force device and the sliding device are connected into a whole, so that sliding friction force (or rolling friction force) between the anti-force device and the sliding device belongs to internal force between the anti-force device and the sliding device, an old component is moved out and a new component is moved in place by one-time traction, the whole construction cost is low, the occupied area for construction is small, and the bridge construction period is short.

Description

Translation device for synchronously replacing new and old components and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of movement of large heavy members, in particular to a translation device for synchronously replacing new and old members such as bridges and a construction method thereof.

Background

At present, in the integral translation technology for large-scale heavy object members (such as heavy object members with the weight of more than ten thousand tons), particularly bridges, a reaction seat is independently built, a traction device is installed on the reaction seat, and then the heavy object members are translated and pulled. When the technology is adopted to carry out translational traction, very complex stress is generated between the reaction force seat and the foundation for supporting the heavy object member, so that very strict stress requirements are required for the construction of the reaction force seat. At the same time: 1. the construction of the reaction seat needs to occupy construction space, and if the construction space is limited and the reaction seat cannot be constructed at a proper position, the heavy object member is difficult to move; 2. after construction is finished, the counter-force seat needs to be detached or kept in place and cannot be used again, so that great waste is caused; 3. when a new member and an old member are replaced, the adopted method is a two-step translation method of firstly removing the old member and then translating the new member in place, equipment needs to be mounted and dismounted again for the translation of the new member and the translation of the old member, the labor intensity is high, and the construction period is long.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a translation device and a construction method thereof, wherein a reaction device and a sliding device are connected into a whole, so that the sliding friction force (or rolling friction force) between the reaction device and the sliding device belongs to the internal force between the devices, the pulling force or the pushing force is implemented in a hydraulic or mechanical mode to carry out continuous traction, the automatic control is realized, an old component can be moved out by one-time traction, a new component can be translated in place, the overall cost is low, the occupied area is small, and the construction period is shortened.

The solution of the invention is such that:

a translation device for synchronously replacing new and old components comprises at least two parallel slide ways and two sets of sliding shoe assemblies corresponding to the number of the slide ways, wherein the slide ways are connected with the two sets of sliding shoe assemblies to form a sliding structure, one set of sliding shoe assemblies supports the old components, and the other set of sliding shoe assemblies supports the new components; a counter-force seat is fixed at one end of the slide way and connected with a traction end, and one or more traction driving parts are installed at the traction end, so that the slide way, the counter-force seat and the traction end are connected into a whole; the sliding shoe assembly and the slideway adopt a sliding pair structure with a guide mechanism to guide and correct the deviation, so that the sliding shoe assembly is ensured to move along the slideway; the sliding surface of the slipper assembly connected with the slideway is fixed with a sliding plate, a traction part is connected between the outer end of the slipper assembly and the traction end, the traction part is divided into a first traction cable and a second traction cable, wherein the first traction cable is connected with one group of slipper assemblies, the second traction cable is connected with the other group of slipper assemblies, the traction part is pulled by a traction driving part, and when the traction driving part at the traction end pulls or pushes the traction part, the two groups of slipper assemblies, the old component and the new component which are placed on the slipper assemblies are moved from one end of the slideway to the other end.

The more specific technical scheme also comprises the following steps: the guide mechanism is characterized in that an anti-drop groove plate is arranged at the lower end of the sliding shoe assembly, two side walls of a groove of the anti-drop groove plate are clamped on the side surface of the slideway, the inner side of the anti-drop groove plate is connected with the lower surface of the sliding shoe assembly to form a female groove with a downward groove, a sliding plate is embedded in the female groove, the upper surface of the slideway is a male groove, and the male groove and the female groove are buckled and connected for guiding and correcting deviation during traction; and a stainless steel plate is arranged on the surface of the male groove, and after the male groove and the female groove are buckled, the sliding plate is contacted with the stainless steel plate to reduce sliding friction force.

Further: the guide mechanism is characterized in that the lower end of the sliding shoe assembly is provided with an anti-falling groove plate, two side walls of a groove of the anti-falling groove plate are clamped on the side surfaces of the slide ways, and the inner side of the anti-falling groove plate is connected with the lower surface of the sliding shoe assembly to form a female groove with a downward groove; the upper surface of the slideway is a male groove, and the male groove and the female groove are buckled and connected for guiding and correcting during traction; and a roller guide groove connecting structure is adopted on the matching surface of the male and female grooves to reduce the rolling friction force of the male and female grooves.

Further: the front end of the sliding shoe assembly is fixed with a front baffle protruding upwards, and the rear end of the sliding shoe assembly is fixed with a rear baffle protruding upwards.

Further: a buffer backing plate is arranged on the top surface of the sliding shoe assembly.

Further: sliding plates are arranged on the inner sides of the two side walls of the anti-drop groove plate.

Further: and a traction jack is arranged at the traction end and is simultaneously connected with a first traction cable and a second traction cable of the traction part, and the first traction cable and the second traction cable are simultaneously pulled or pushed by the traction jack to drive the two sets of sliding shoe assemblies to simultaneously move along the slide way.

Further: two traction jacks are arranged at the traction end, one jack is connected with a first traction cable, the other jack is connected with a second traction cable, and the two jacks are used for respectively drawing the two sets of sliding shoe assemblies.

Further: the counter-force seat comprises a vertical bearing plate and reinforcing rib plates, the bearing plate and the end of the slide way are integrated in a welding or bolt connection mode, holes are formed in the protruding portions of the bearing plate so that the traction part can penetrate through the holes, and the reinforcing rib plates are welded between the slide way and the bearing plate so as to increase the bearing strength of the bearing plate.

A construction method for synchronously replacing new and old components comprises the following steps:

(1) constructing a new component prefabrication and slideway foundation at the two ends of the new component and the old component, prefabricating the new component, and installing a slideway on the surface of the foundation;

(2) after the prefabrication of the new member meets the design requirements, the restraint of two ends of the old member is removed, then the old member and the new member are jacked away from the foundation, and a sliding shoe assembly and traction equipment are installed;

(3) dropping the old component and the new component onto a slipper assembly respectively;

(4) installing and debugging a traction jack, a hydraulic pump station and a traction part;

(5) the traction part is divided into a first traction cable and a second traction cable, wherein the first traction cable is connected with one group of sliding shoe assemblies, the second traction cable is connected with the other group of sliding shoe assemblies, the traction part is pulled through the traction driving part, the first group of sliding shoe assemblies support an old component, and the second group of sliding shoe assemblies support a new component;

(6) synchronously starting a traction jack for traction, and dragging and translating the new member to a designed and appointed position while moving out the old member;

(7) jacking a new component, taking out the sliding shoe assembly, and installing a connecting device or a rubber support;

(8) the new component is dropped and connected in place with the foundation by means of a connecting device or rubber mount. And removing the old component.

The invention has the advantages that the counterforce device and the sliding device are connected into a whole, so that the sliding friction force (or rolling friction force) between the counterforce device and the sliding device belongs to the internal force between the devices, the whole manufacturing cost is low, the construction land occupation is small, and the bridge construction period is reduced; flexible steel strands can be adopted for traction, and steel pull rods can also be adopted for traction of pulling or pushing; the guide mechanism such as the buckling of a male groove and a female groove can ensure that the new component and the old component keep the correct moving direction when moving; meanwhile, the old component can be moved out by one-time traction, and the new component is horizontally moved in place for construction, so that the construction period is shortened, and the labor and the time are saved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the chute 5.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the shoe assembly 7.

Fig. 5 is a top view of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the traction end 1.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the shoe assembly 7 and the slide way 5.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the traction cable 3 of FIG. 1 divided into a first traction cable 3-1 and a second traction cable 3-2

The parts of the drawings are detailed as follows: the traction device comprises a traction end 1, a reaction force base 2, a traction part 3, a stainless steel plate 4, a slideway 5, an old member 6, a sliding shoe assembly 7, a fixed end 8, a slideway base 9, a new member 10, a front baffle plate 71, a buffer backing plate 72, a sliding plate 73, a sliding shoe main body 74, an anti-falling groove plate 75, a rear baffle plate 76, a traction jack 11, a pressure bearing plate 12 and a reinforcing rib plate 13.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to an example:

assuming that an existing railway bridge is a single-lane passing road under an original bridge, the passing road under the bridge is widened to a double lane or a three lane or more lanes as required, and if the traditional construction method is adopted, the original bridge and original bridge piers are firstly dismantled, and then a new bridge is rebuilt. However, the original railway bridge needs to pass through trains, and the bridge-cut construction inevitably causes long-time train stop, so the traditional construction method can cause huge loss to the railway department.

If the traditional technology of constructing independent reaction seats for traction is adopted, the periphery of the railway bridge is a residential area, and no enough space is available for constructing the reaction seats, so that the replacement of new and old bridge members cannot be carried out according to the traditional construction method.

By adopting the embodiment of the invention, the replacement of the new bridge member and the old bridge member can be completed in a short time.

The embodiment of the invention is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, in this embodiment, two parallel slideways 5 and two sets of shoe assemblies 7 corresponding to the number of the slideways are provided, the slideways 5 and the two sets of shoe assemblies 7 are connected to form a sliding structure, wherein one set of shoe assemblies 7 supports the old member 6, and the other set of shoe assemblies 7 supports the new member 10.

A counter-force seat 2 is fixed at one end of the slide way 5, and a traction driving part is arranged at the counter-force seat 2 which is connected with the traction end 1, so that the slide way 5, the counter-force seat 2 and the traction end 1 are connected into a whole; the sliding shoe assembly 7 and the slideway 5 adopt a sliding pair structure buckled by a male groove and a female groove to guide and correct the deviation, so that the sliding shoe assembly 7 is ensured to move along the slideway 5; a sliding plate 73 is fixed on a sliding surface between the slipper assemblies 7 and the slideway 5, and the traction part 3 is divided into a first traction cable 3-1 and a second traction cable 3-2, as shown in figure 8, wherein the first traction cable 3-1 is connected with one slipper assembly 7, and the second traction cable 3-2 is connected with the other slipper assembly 7. The traction component 3 is pulled by the traction driving component, a first traction cable 3-1 is connected between the rear end rear baffle 76 of the first group of slipper assemblies 7 and the traction end 1, and a second traction cable 3-2 is connected between the rear end rear baffle 76 of the second group of slipper assemblies 7 and the traction end 1. The first group of the slipper assemblies 7 supports the old member 6, the second group of the slipper assemblies 7 supports the new member 10, when the traction end 1 pulls or pushes the traction part 3, the first traction cable 3-1 and the second traction cable 3-2 respectively and simultaneously move the two groups of the slipper assemblies 7, the old member 6 and the new member 10 which are placed on the slipper assemblies 7 from one end to the other end of the slideway, and when the traction end 1 moves to the position, the distance between the traction end 1 and the slipper assemblies 7 is minimized, and the construction space is saved.

Each slideway 5 consists of one or more I-shaped steel, a thick steel plate, a stainless steel plate and a counter-force seat for installing a traction jack. The lower half part of the I-shaped steel is firmly welded with the steel bar of the foundation, and the upper half part of the I-shaped steel is welded with the steel plate into a whole to form a flat surface. Since the side surface is in contact with the shoe retaining plate 75, the width or parallelism of the runner is required to be controlled within a design range. The stainless steel plate is welded with the steel plate, and in order to avoid bulging of the stainless steel plate in the sliding process, the stainless steel is required to be in full contact with the steel plate, and besides welding at two sides, selective welding must be carried out at the middle part. In addition, in order to increase the rigidity of the slideway, a reinforcing rib plate can be welded on the outer side of the I-shaped steel every 2 meters. The slideway 5 of the embodiment is made of I-shaped steel, and during actual manufacturing, the slideway 5 can also be made of channel steel or H-shaped steel.

The lower end of the sliding shoe assembly 7 is provided with an anti-falling groove plate 75, two side walls of a groove of the anti-falling groove plate 75 are clamped on the side surface of the slideway 5, the inner side of the anti-falling groove plate 75 is connected with the lower surface of the sliding shoe assembly 7 to form a female groove with a downward groove, a sliding plate 73 is embedded in the female groove, the upper surface of the slideway 5 is a male groove, and after the male groove and the female groove of the stainless steel plate 4 are arranged on the surface of the male groove and buckled, the sliding plate 73 is contacted with the stainless steel plate 4 to; when in traction, the male and female grooves are buckled and connected to conduct guiding and deviation rectifying, so that the sliding shoe assembly 7 moves along the slide way 5.

A front baffle plate 71 protruding upwards is fixed at the front end of the sliding shoe assembly 7, and a rear baffle plate 76 protruding upwards is fixed at the rear end of the sliding shoe assembly 7 to prevent the upper member of the sliding shoe assembly 7 from sliding out.

A cushion plate 72 is placed on the top surface of the shoe assembly 7, and a slide plate is attached to the inner side of the side wall of the anti-slip groove plate 75.

The slipper main body 74 of each slipper assembly 7 is formed by welding a plurality of channel steels, a plurality of thick steel plates, an anti-drop groove plate 75, a front baffle plate 71 and a rear baffle plate 76. The buffer backing plate 72 is arranged on the steel plate at the upper part of the sliding shoe assembly 7, and the purpose is to fully ensure the bottom of the channel beam to be uniformly stressed through the deformation of the buffer backing plate 72. The steel plate of the lower part of the slipper forms a groove, the MGE sliding plate 73 is embedded, and the contact surface of the MGE sliding plate 73 and the slideway stainless steel plate 4 is processed into a small round hole so as to store lubricating grease. The inner side of the anti-drop slot plate 75 also needs to be embedded with a sliding plate for guiding and rectifying. The middle of the front baffle 71 and the rear baffle 76 at the two ends of the sliding shoe assembly 7 needs to be provided with round holes for the traction component 3 to pass through. The connection of the tailgate 76 to the anchor 77 is considered to be a bolted connection or a nested welded connection. The slipper main body 74 in this embodiment is made of a plurality of channel steels, and during actual manufacturing, the slipper main body 74 may also be made of i-steel or H-steel.

As shown in fig. 6, the reaction force seat 2 includes a vertical bearing plate 12 and a reinforcing rib plate 13, the bearing plate 12 and the end of the slideway 5 are integrally formed by welding, and a circular hole is formed at the protruding part of the bearing plate 12 so that the traction component 3 can pass through the circular hole. The traction jack 11 is installed, the traction jack 11 is a traction driving part, the traction part 3 is pulled or pushed by the traction jack 11 to drive the sliding shoe assembly 7 to move along the slideway 5, and the traction part 3 is pulled by a steel strand in the embodiment. The reinforcing rib plate 13 is welded between the slideway 5 and the bearing plate 12 to increase the bearing strength of the bearing plate 12.

The construction method of the translation device synchronously replacing new and old components comprises the following steps:

(1) constructing a new component prefabrication and slideway foundation at the two ends of the new component and the old component, prefabricating the new component, and installing a slideway on the surface of the foundation;

(2) after the prefabrication of the new member meets the design requirements, the restraint of two ends of the old member is removed, then the old member and the new member are jacked away from the foundation, and a sliding shoe assembly and traction equipment are installed;

(3) dropping the old component and the new component onto a slipper assembly respectively;

(4) installing and debugging a traction jack, a hydraulic pump station and a traction part;

(5) the traction part 3 is divided into a first traction cable 3-1 and a second traction cable 3-2, wherein the first traction cable 3-1 is connected with one group of slipper assemblies 7, the second traction cable 3-2 is connected with the other group of slipper assemblies 7, the traction part 3 is pulled by a traction driving part, the first traction cable 3-1 is connected between a rear end rear baffle 76 of the first group of slipper assemblies 7 and the traction end 1, the second traction cable 3-2 is connected between the rear end rear baffle 76 of the second group of slipper assemblies 7 and the traction end 1, the first group of slipper assemblies 7 support an old component 6, and the second group of slipper assemblies 7 support a new component 10;

(6) synchronously starting a traction jack for traction, and dragging and translating the new member to a designed and appointed position while moving out the old member;

(7) jacking a new component, taking out the sliding shoe assembly, and installing a connecting device or a rubber support;

(8) the new component is dropped and connected in place with the foundation by means of a connecting device or rubber mount. And removing the old component.

The construction method of the embodiment is as follows:

assuming that an existing railway bridge is a single-lane passing road under an original bridge, the passing road under the bridge is widened to a double lane or a three lane or more lanes as required, and if the traditional construction method is adopted, the original bridge and original bridge piers are firstly dismantled, and then a new bridge is rebuilt. However, the original railway bridge needs to pass through trains, and the bridge-cut construction inevitably causes long-time train stop, so the traditional construction method can cause huge loss to the railway department.

If the traditional technology of constructing independent reaction seats for traction is adopted, the periphery of the railway bridge is a residential area, and no enough space is available for constructing the reaction seats, so that the replacement of new and old bridge members cannot be carried out according to the traditional construction method.

The concrete construction steps are as follows:

(1) building a new bridge foundation and a slide way foundation on one side of the original railway bridge according to the requirement of passing a double lane or a three lane or more lanes under the bridge, wherein the slide way foundation extends to the lower part of the original bridge, the top surface of the foundation is provided with an installation groove for installing a slide way along the moving direction, and the slide way is placed in the installation groove and then fixed;

(2) the prefabrication of the new component 10 is carried out on the basis of a new bridge on one side of the original railway bridge. For traffic under the bridge is not interrupted, the military Bailey beams are utilized to set up a full-space support frame at the bridge position for cast-in-place construction, and meanwhile, an anti-falling net is arranged to ensure the safety of driving and pedestrians. The military Bailey beam is used as a prefabricated platform of the new member 10, and the new prestressed concrete member 10 is prefabricated. After the prefabrication and forming of the new component 10 are completed, the restraint on the two ends of the old component 6 is removed, then the old component 6 and the new component 10 are lifted to leave the foundation, and a sliding shoe assembly and traction equipment are installed;

(3) dropping the old and new components 6, 10 onto a respective shoe assembly, as shown in figure 1;

(4) installing and debugging a traction jack, a hydraulic pump station and a traction part;

(5) the traction part 3 is divided into a first traction cable 3-1 and a second traction cable 3-2, wherein the first traction cable 3-1 is connected with one group of slipper assemblies 7, the second traction cable 3-2 is connected with the other group of slipper assemblies 7, the traction part 3 is pulled by a traction driving part, the first traction cable 3-1 is connected between a rear end rear baffle 76 of the first group of slipper assemblies 7 and the traction end 1, the second traction cable 3-2 is connected between the rear end rear baffle 76 of the second group of slipper assemblies 7 and the traction end 1, the first group of slipper assemblies 7 supports an old component 6, the second group of slipper assemblies 7 supports a new component 10, a traction jack performs traction, the new component 10 is dragged and moved to a designed and appointed position, and the old component 6 is also moved out along with the traction jack;

(6) synchronously starting a traction jack for traction, and dragging and translating the new member to a designed and appointed position while moving out the old member;

(7) jacking up the new component 10, taking out the sliding shoe assembly 7, and installing the rubber support;

(8) the new member 10 is dropped into position and connected to the foundation by rubber mounts. And recovering the line after the beam falling is finished, laying a cable groove and a pedestrian board, and recovering the traffic. And removing the old component.

Therefore, the translation construction for synchronously replacing the new member and the old member by adopting the invention can be realized by only interrupting the travelling crane for a short time, moving the new member 10 in place and simultaneously moving the old member 6 out, so that the traffic of the line can be recovered, and the time for interrupting the travelling crane is greatly shortened.

In the embodiment, the large heavy object component is moved by adopting a structure that the slide way and the sliding shoe assembly slide. For some special purposes or places, the slideway and the sliding shoe assembly can also move by adopting a rolling structure, namely, a rolling structure such as a roller or a roller and the like is adopted to form a moving pair.

In addition to the embodiment of the invention which adopts flexible steel strands for traction, the invention can also adopt a steel pull rod for traction or pushing according to requirements.

Claims (10)

1. A translation device for synchronously replacing new and old components is characterized in that: the sliding structure comprises at least two sliding ways (5) which are arranged in parallel and two groups of sliding shoe assemblies (7) corresponding to the number of the sliding ways, wherein the sliding ways (5) and the two groups of sliding shoe assemblies (7) are connected into a sliding structure, one group of sliding shoe assemblies (7) supports an old component (6), and the other group of sliding shoe assemblies (7) supports a new component (10); one end of the slide way (5) is fixed with a reaction seat (2), the reaction seat (2) is connected with a traction end (1), and the traction end (1) is provided with one or more traction driving parts, so that the slide way (5), the reaction seat (2) and the traction end (1) are connected into a whole; the sliding shoe assembly (7) and the slideway (5) adopt a sliding pair structure with a guide mechanism to guide and correct, so that the sliding shoe assembly (7) is ensured to move along the slideway (5); a sliding plate (73) is fixed on a sliding surface of a sliding shoe assembly (7) connected with a slideway (5), a traction part (3) is connected between the outer end of the sliding shoe assembly (7) and a traction end (1), the traction part (3) is divided into a first traction cable (3-1) and a second traction cable (3-2), wherein the first traction cable (3-1) is connected with one sliding shoe assembly (7), the second traction cable (3-2) is connected with the other sliding shoe assembly (7), the traction part (3) is pulled by a traction driving part, and when the traction driving part (3) of the traction end (1) pulls or pushes the traction part (3), the two sliding shoe assemblies (7), an old component (6) and a new component (10) which are arranged on the sliding shoe assembly (7) are moved together from one end of the slideway to the other end of the slideway.

2. The device for the simultaneous replacement of old and new components according to claim 1, characterized in that: the guide mechanism is characterized in that an anti-falling groove plate (75) is arranged at the lower end of the sliding shoe assembly (7), two side walls of a groove of the anti-falling groove plate (75) are clamped on the side surface of the sliding way (5), the inner side of the anti-falling groove plate (75) is connected with the lower surface of the sliding shoe assembly (7) to form a female groove with a downward groove, a sliding plate (73) is embedded in the female groove, the upper surface of the sliding way (5) is a male groove, and the male groove and the female groove are buckled and connected for guiding and correcting during traction; and a stainless steel plate (4) is arranged on the surface of the male groove, and after the male groove and the female groove are buckled, the sliding plate (73) is contacted with the stainless steel plate (4) to reduce sliding friction force.

3. The device for the simultaneous replacement of old and new components according to claim 1, characterized in that: the guide mechanism is characterized in that an anti-falling groove plate (75) is arranged at the lower end of the sliding shoe assembly (7), two side walls of a groove of the anti-falling groove plate (75) are clamped on the side surface of the slideway (5), and the inner side of the anti-falling groove plate (75) is connected with the lower surface of the sliding shoe assembly (7) to form a female groove with a downward groove; the upper surface of the slideway (5) is a male groove, and the male groove and the female groove are buckled and connected for guiding and correcting during traction; and a roller guide groove connecting structure is adopted on the matching surface of the male and female grooves to reduce the rolling friction force of the male and female grooves.

4. A device for the simultaneous replacement of old and new components according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that: the front end of the sliding shoe assembly (7) is fixedly provided with a front baffle plate (71) protruding upwards, and the rear end of the sliding shoe assembly (7) is fixedly provided with a rear baffle plate (76) protruding upwards.

5. A device for the simultaneous replacement of old and new components according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that: a buffer cushion plate (72) is arranged on the top surface of the sliding shoe assembly (7).

6. The device for the simultaneous replacement of old and new components according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: a sliding plate is arranged on the inner side of the side wall of the anti-drop groove plate (75).

7. The device for the simultaneous replacement of old and new components according to claim 1, characterized in that: a traction jack is arranged at the traction end (1), the traction jack is simultaneously connected with a first traction cable (3-1) and a second traction cable (3-2) of the traction component (3), and the first traction cable (3-1) and the second traction cable (3-2) are simultaneously pulled or pushed by the traction jack to drive two sets of sliding shoe assemblies (7) to simultaneously move along the slide way (5).

8. The device for the simultaneous replacement of old and new components according to claim 1, characterized in that: two traction jacks are arranged at the traction end (1), one jack is connected with a first traction cable (3-1), the other jack is connected with a second traction cable (3-2), and the two jacks are used for respectively drawing the two groups of slipper assemblies (7).

9. The device for the simultaneous replacement of old and new components according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reaction force seat (2) comprises a vertical bearing plate (12) and reinforcing rib plates (13), the bearing plate (12) and the end of the slide way (5) are integrated in a welding or bolt connection mode, holes are formed in the protruding portions of the bearing plate (12) so that the traction part (3) can penetrate through the holes, and the reinforcing rib plates (13) are welded between the slide way (5) and the bearing plate (12) to increase the bearing strength of the bearing plate (12).

10. A construction method for synchronously replacing the new and old members according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) constructing a new component prefabrication and slideway foundation at the two ends of the new component and the old component, prefabricating the new component, and installing a slideway on the surface of the foundation;

(2) after the prefabrication of the new member meets the design requirements, the restraint of two ends of the old member is removed, then the old member and the new member are jacked away from the foundation, and a sliding shoe assembly and traction equipment are installed;

(3) dropping the old component and the new component onto a slipper assembly respectively;

(4) installing and debugging a traction jack, a hydraulic pump station and a traction part;

(5) the traction component (3) is divided into a first traction cable (3-1) and a second traction cable (3-2), wherein the first traction cable (3-1) is connected with one group of slipper assemblies (7), the second traction cable (3-2) is connected with the other group of slipper assemblies (7), the traction component (3) is pulled through a traction driving component, the first group of slipper assemblies (7) support an old component (6), and the second group of slipper assemblies (7) support a new component (10);

(6) synchronously starting a traction jack for traction, and dragging and translating the new member to a designed and appointed position while moving out the old member;

(7) jacking a new component, taking out the sliding shoe assembly, and installing a connecting device or a rubber support;

(8) dropping the new member, connecting the new member with the foundation in place by the connecting device or the rubber support,

and removing the old component.

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