CN112737330B - High-gain Buck-Boost DC-DC converter - Google Patents

High-gain Buck-Boost DC-DC converter Download PDF

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CN112737330B
CN112737330B CN202011566124.8A CN202011566124A CN112737330B CN 112737330 B CN112737330 B CN 112737330B CN 202011566124 A CN202011566124 A CN 202011566124A CN 112737330 B CN112737330 B CN 112737330B
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capacitor
inductor
diode
voltage
buck
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CN112737330A (en
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邾玢鑫
蓝海
张耀
杨楠
马辉
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582Buck-boost converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

A high-gain Buck-Boost DC-DC converter comprises a direct current input source, a basic Buck-Boost converter, m-1 voltage expansion units, 1 leakage inductance absorption unit and 1 transformer unit. The voltage expansion unit consists of an inductor, two capacitors and a diode, and the adjustment of the output gain of the converter and the voltage stress of the switching device can be realized by adjusting the number of the voltage expansion units. The converter has the advantages of simple control and drive circuit, high efficiency, low voltage stress of a switching device, fewer components and the like; is suitable for application occasions with larger voltage gain.

Description

High-gain Buck-Boost DC-DC converter
Technical Field
The invention relates to a DC-DC converter, in particular to a novel high-gain Buck-Boost DC-DC converter.
Background
Common non-isolated buck-boost DC-DC converters, such as: Buck-Boost, Cuk, Sepic and Zeta circuits are influenced by parasitic parameters of components and circuits, and high voltage gain is difficult to realize. The traditional non-isolated buck-boost DC-DC converter is improved to realize high voltage gain, but the circuit is complex and the number of components is large. The traditional isolated DC-DC converter can easily realize high gain, but the leakage inductance can generate larger voltage peak on the switching tube, so that the research on the novel high-gain boost DC/DC converter which can realize high-gain boost and eliminate the influence of the leakage inductance has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of voltage spike of a switching tube generated by leakage inductance of the existing isolation type high-gain DC-DC converter, the invention provides a high-gain DC-DC converter with a transformer based on a Buck-Boost circuit, and the converter is composed of a basic Buck-Boost converter, a transformer, a leakage inductance absorption unit and a plurality of gain expansion units. The improved circuit can utilize the energy in the leakage inductance to output to a post-stage circuit and solve the problem of voltage spike of the switching tube. The output gain of the converter can be realized by adjusting the number of the gain expansion units. The converter has the advantages of simple control and driving circuit, fewer components, lower stress of a switching tube and the like; is suitable for application occasions with larger voltage gain.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a high-gain Buck-Boost DC-DC converter comprises a direct current input source, a basic Buck-Boost converter, m-1 voltage expansion units and 1 leakage inductance absorption unit; wherein:
the basic Buck-Boost converter comprises an original secondary side n1:n2Transformer T, two inductors L, LrA capacitor C, a power switch S1A diode D; the connection form is as follows:
switch S1Is connected with the anode of the DC input source, a switch S1The source electrode of the inductor is respectively connected with one end of the inductor L and the inductor LrOne end of the inductor L, the other end of the inductor L and the lower end of the primary side of the transformer T are connected with the negative electrode of the direct current input source; inductor LrThe other end of the transformer T is connected with the upper end of the primary side of the transformer T, the upper end of the secondary side of the transformer T is connected with the cathode of a diode D, the anode of the diode D is connected with one end of a capacitor C, and the other end of the capacitor C is connected with the lower end of the secondary side of the transformer T;
the leakage inductance absorption unit comprises a diode D0A capacitor C0(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor C0And a diode D0The anodes of the anode groups are connected; diode D0Cathode of (2) is connected with an inductor LrOne end;
the 1 st voltage extension unit comprises an inductor L1Diode D1Two capacitors C11、C12(ii) a Wherein, the capacitorC11The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor L1And a diode D1Is connected to the cathode of a diode D1Anode and capacitor C12Is connected to one terminal of a capacitor C12Another end of (1) and an inductor L1The other ends of the two are connected;
the 2 nd voltage extension unit comprises an inductor L2Diode D2Two capacitors C21、C22(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor C21The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor L2And a diode D2Is connected to the cathode of a diode D2Anode and capacitor C22Is connected to one terminal of a capacitor C22Another end of (1) and an inductor L2The other ends of the two are connected;
.... times in analogy, the ith voltage spreading unit, 1< i ≦ m-1,
the ith voltage expansion unit comprises an inductor LiDiode DiTwo capacitors Ci1、Ci2(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor Ci1The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor LiAnd a diode DiIs connected to the cathode of a diode DiAnode and capacitor Ci2Is connected to one terminal of a capacitor Ci2Another end of (1) and an inductor LiThe other ends of the two are connected;
the connection form between the voltage expansion units is as follows:
1<i is less than or equal to m-1, and the capacitor C in the (i-1) th voltage extension unit(i-1)2And a diode D(i-1)The intersection point of the anode and the capacitor C in the ith voltage expansion uniti2The other end and an inductor LiThe other end is connected with the intersection point of the i-1 th voltage extension unit(i-1)1And the capacitor C in the ith voltage extension uniti1Are connected at one end.
The connection relation between the leakage inductance absorption unit and the basic Buck-Boost converter is as follows:
one end of an inductor L and a switch S in a basic Buck-Boost converter1Source electrode and inductor LrOne end crossing point and diode D in leakage inductance absorption unit0Connected with the cathode of a basic Buck-An intersection point of the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply in the Boost converter and the other end of the inductor L and the capacitor C in the leakage inductance absorption unit0The other ends of the two are connected;
the connection relationship between the 1 st voltage expansion unit and the basic Buck-Boost converter is as follows:
cathode of diode D in Buck-Boost converter and capacitor C in 1 st voltage expansion unit11Is connected with the inductor L in the 1 st voltage extension unit, and the intersection point of the anode of the diode D and one end of the capacitor C in the basic Buck-Boost converter and the inductor L in the 1 st voltage extension unit1The other end and a capacitor C12The intersection points of the other ends are connected;
load RLAre respectively connected with the capacitor C in the (m-1) th voltage extension unit(m-1)2One terminal and a diode D(m-1)Intersection point of anode and capacitor C in leakage inductance absorption unit0And the other end of the two are connected.
The invention relates to a novel high-gain Buck-Boost DC-DC converter, which has the following technical effects:
1. the boost can be realized, the output gain is high, the voltage stress of the switch device is low, and the output capacitors are connected in series. When the current of the inductor L is continuously conducted, the following is concrete:
the output gain is:
Figure GDA0003316820710000031
the voltage stress of the switching tube is as follows:
Figure GDA0003316820710000032
the voltage on the output capacitor is:
Figure GDA0003316820710000033
wherein: d is the duty cycle, uinIs an input voltage uoTo output a voltage usFor power switch voltage stress, m-1 is the number of gain cells 0<i≤m-1。n1And n2The primary and secondary voltage variable-edge turns.
2. The number of components is small;
3. only 1 power switch is included, and the control strategy and the driving circuit are simple.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit topology diagram when the number of voltage extension cells is 2 and the number of leakage inductance absorption cells is 1 according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional isolated Buck-Boost converter circuit.
Fig. 4 is a graph comparing the output gain when the number of voltage expansion units is 2 and the number of leakage inductance absorption units is 1 with the input and output gain of the conventional Buck-Boost converter.
Fig. 5 is a simulation diagram of an output waveform when D is 0.725 when the input voltage is 30V, the number of voltage spreading units is 2, and the number of leakage inductance absorbing units is 1 according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a stress diagram of the switching tube when the input voltage is 30V, the number of voltage expansion units is 2, D is 0.725, and no leakage inductance absorption unit exists.
Fig. 7 is a stress diagram of the switching tube with leakage inductance absorption unit, wherein the input voltage is 30V, the number of voltage expansion units is 2, and D is 0.725.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 2 shows a circuit topology diagram when the number of the voltage extension units is 2 and the number of the leakage inductance absorption units is 1 according to the present invention:
a novel high-gain Buck-Boost converter comprises a direct current input source, a load, a basic Buck-Boost converter, two voltage expansion units and a leakage inductance absorption unit. Wherein:
the basic Buck-Boost converter comprises an original secondary side n1:n2Transformer T, two inductors L, LrA capacitor C, a power switch S1A diode D; the connection form is as follows:
switch S1Is connected with the anode of the DC input source, a switch S1The source electrode of the inductor is respectively connected with one end of the inductor L and the inductor LrOne end, inductor L and anotherThe end and the lower end of the primary side of the transformer T are connected with the negative electrode of the direct current input source; inductor LrThe other end of the transformer T is connected with the upper end of the primary side of the transformer T, the upper end of the secondary side of the transformer T is connected with the cathode of the diode D, the anode of the diode D is connected with one end of the capacitor C, and the other end of the capacitor C is connected with the lower end of the secondary side of the transformer T.
The leakage inductance absorption unit comprises a diode D0A capacitor C0(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor C0And a diode D0The anodes of the anode groups are connected;
the 1 st and 2 nd voltage expansion units all have the same internal structure, and the 1 st voltage expansion unit is taken as an example;
the 1 st voltage extension unit comprises an inductor L1Diode D1Two capacitors C11、C12(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor C11The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor L1And a diode D1Is connected to the cathode of a diode D1Anode and capacitor C12Is connected to one terminal of a capacitor C12Another end of (1) and an inductor L1The other ends of the two are connected;
the connection form between the voltage expansion units is as follows:
capacitor C in 1 st voltage extension unit12And a diode D1The intersection point of the anode and the capacitor C in the 2 nd voltage extension unit22The other end and an inductor L2The other end of the capacitor is connected with the other end of the capacitor C in the 1 st voltage expansion unit11And a capacitor C in the 2 nd voltage extension unit21Are connected at one end.
The connection relation between the leakage inductance absorption unit and the basic Buck-Boost converter is as follows:
one end of an inductor L and a switch S in a basic Buck-Boost converter1The intersection point of the source electrode and the primary side end of the transformer and the diode D in the leakage inductance absorption unit0Is connected with the cathode of the Buck-Boost converter, the intersection point of the negative pole of the direct current power supply in the basic Buck-Boost converter and the other end of the inductor L and the capacitor C in the leakage inductance absorption unit0The other ends of the two are connected;
the connection relationship between the 1 st voltage expansion unit and the basic Buck-Boost converter is as follows:
cathode of diode D in Buck-Boost converter and capacitor C in 1 st voltage expansion unit11Is connected with the inductor L in the 1 st voltage extension unit, and the intersection point of the anode of the diode D and one end of the capacitor C in the basic Buck-Boost converter and the inductor L in the 1 st voltage extension unit1The other end and a capacitor C12The intersection points of the other ends are connected;
load RLAre respectively connected with the capacitor C in the 2 nd voltage extension unit22One terminal and a diode D2The intersection of the anodes. And the capacitance C in the leakage inductance absorption unit0And the other end of the two are connected.
The gate of the power switch S1 is connected to its controller, and its duty cycle can be varied between 0 and 1. The on-off time of the power switch S1 can be controlled by adjusting the duty ratio, and the output voltage level can be adjusted according to the voltage balance formula of the inductor.
When the current of the inductor L is continuously conducted, the circuit can be divided into 2 working states according to the different states of the power switch:
(1): power switch S1Conducting, diode D, D0、D1、D2Are all turned off, and the inductor L, L at the moment1、L2、LrCapacitor C11、C21Charging, capacitance C0、C、C12、C22Discharging; inductor L, L1、L2、LrThe terminal voltage is shown as follows:
Figure GDA0003316820710000051
(2): power switch S1Off, diode D, D0、D1、D2Are all turned on, and the inductor L, L is at the moment1、L2、LrCapacitor C11、C21Discharge, capacitance C0、C、C12、C22Charging; inductor L, L1、L2、LrThe terminal voltage is shown as follows:
Figure GDA0003316820710000052
the circuit is divided into 2 working states, and according to the duty ratio of a controller connected to the grid of the power switch S1, the voltage level of each capacitor can be obtained as follows:
Figure GDA0003316820710000061
fig. 4 is a graph comparing the output gain when the number of the voltage expansion units is 2 and the number of the leakage inductance absorption units is 1 with the output gain of the conventional Buck-Boost converter. As can be seen from fig. 4, the gain of the converter proposed by the present invention is four times that of the conventional converter at the same duty ratio
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the simulation of the output waveform and the stress of the switching tube when D is 0.725 when the number of voltage extension units is 2 and the number of leakage inductance absorption units is 1 according to the present invention. The feasibility of the invention is verified by simulation, and the high gain of voltage is realized.
Fig. 6 and 7 are graphs of stress of the switching tube with or without the leakage inductance absorbing unit, where the number of the voltage spreading units is 2, D is 0.725. The feasibility of the invention is verified by simulation, and the voltage spike of the switching tube is obviously reduced.

Claims (3)

1. A high-gain Buck-Boost DC-DC converter is characterized in that: the converter comprises a direct current input source, a Buck-Boost converter, m-1 voltage expansion units and 1 leakage inductance absorption unit; wherein:
the Buck-Boost converter comprises an original secondary side n1:n2Transformer T, two inductors L, LrA capacitor C, a power switch S1A diode D; the connection form is as follows:
switch S1Is connected with the anode of the DC input source, a switch S1The source electrode of the inductor is respectively connected with one end of the inductor L and the inductor LrOne end, the other end of the inductor L, the lower end of the primary side of the transformer T and the DC inputThe negative electrodes of the sources are connected; inductor LrThe other end of the transformer T is connected with the upper end of the primary side of the transformer T, the upper end of the secondary side of the transformer T is connected with the cathode of a diode D, the anode of the diode D is connected with one end of a capacitor C, and the other end of the capacitor C is connected with the lower end of the secondary side of the transformer T;
the leakage inductance absorption unit comprises a diode D0A capacitor C0(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor C0And a diode D0The anodes of the anode groups are connected; diode D0Cathode of (2) is connected with an inductor LrOne end;
the 1 st voltage extension unit comprises an inductor L1Diode D1Two capacitors C11、C12(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor C11The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor L1And a diode D1Is connected to the cathode of a diode D1Anode and capacitor C12Is connected to one terminal of a capacitor C12Another end of (1) and an inductor L1The other ends of the two are connected;
the 2 nd voltage extension unit comprises an inductor L2Diode D2Two capacitors C21、C22(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor C21The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor L2And a diode D2Is connected to the cathode of a diode D2Anode and capacitor C22Is connected to one terminal of a capacitor C22Another end of (1) and an inductor L2The other ends of the two are connected;
.... times in analogy, the ith voltage spreading unit, 1< i ≦ m-1,
the ith voltage expansion unit comprises an inductor LiDiode DiTwo capacitors Ci1、Ci2(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor Ci1The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor LiAnd a diode DiIs connected to the cathode of a diode DiAnode and capacitor Ci2Is connected to one terminal of a capacitor Ci2Another end of (1) and an inductor LiThe other ends of the two are connected;
the connection form between the voltage expansion units is as follows:
1<i is less than or equal to m-1, and the (i-1) th voltage expansion unitMiddle capacitor C(i-1)2And a diode D(i-1)The intersection point of the anode and the capacitor C in the ith voltage expansion uniti2The other end and an inductor LiThe other end is connected with the intersection point of the i-1 th voltage extension unit(i-1)1And the capacitor C in the ith voltage extension uniti1One end of the two ends are connected;
the connection relation between the leakage inductance absorption unit and the Buck-Boost converter is as follows:
one end of an inductor L in the Buck-Boost converter and a switch S1Source electrode and inductor LrOne end crossing point and diode D in leakage inductance absorption unit0Is connected with the cathode of the Buck-Boost converter, the intersection point of the negative pole of the direct current power supply and the other end of the inductor L in the Buck-Boost converter and the capacitor C in the leakage inductance absorption unit0The other ends of the two are connected;
diode D in leakage inductance absorption unit0Anode and capacitor C0The intersection point of one end of the Buck-Boost converter is connected with the other end of a capacitor C in the Buck-Boost converter;
the connection relationship between the 1 st voltage expansion unit and the Buck-Boost converter is as follows:
cathode of diode D in Buck-Boost converter and capacitor C in 1 st voltage expansion unit11Is connected with the inductor L in the 1 st voltage extension unit, and the intersection point of the anode of the diode D and one end of the capacitor C in the Buck-Boost converter and the inductor L in the 1 st voltage extension unit1The other end and a capacitor C12The intersection points of the other ends are connected;
load RLAre respectively connected with the capacitor C in the (m-1) th voltage extension unit(m-1)2One terminal and a diode D(m-1)Intersection point of anode and capacitor C in leakage inductance absorption unit0And the other end of the two are connected.
2. A high-gain Buck-Boost DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gate of the power switch S1 is connected to a controller, the duty cycle of which varies between 0 and 1.
3. A high-gain Buck-Boost DC-DC converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when the number of the voltage expansion units is 2 and the number of the leakage inductance absorption units is 1, and when the current of the inductor L is continuously conducted, the circuit is divided into 2 working states according to the difference of the power switch states:
(1): power switch S1Conducting, diode D, D0、D1、D2Are all turned off, and the inductor L, L at the moment1、L2、LrCapacitor C11、C21Charging, capacitance C0、C、C12、C22Discharging; inductor L, L1、L2、LrThe terminal voltage is shown as follows:
Figure FDA0003316820700000021
(2): power switch S1Off, diode D, D0、D1、D2Are all turned on, and the inductor L, L is at the moment1、L2、LrCapacitor C11、C21Discharge, capacitance C0、C、C12、C22Charging; inductor L, L1、L2、LrThe terminal voltage is shown as follows:
Figure FDA0003316820700000031
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CN113965085B (en) * 2021-10-11 2023-10-27 三峡大学 Single-input high-reliability capacitance-current consistent Cuk DC-DC converter

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Application publication date: 20210430

Assignee: NANJING YANXU ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: CHINA THREE GORGES University

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Denomination of invention: A High Gain Buck Boost DC-DC Converter

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Record date: 20230823