CN112737324B - Automatic voltage-sharing bipolar Zeta DC-DC converter - Google Patents

Automatic voltage-sharing bipolar Zeta DC-DC converter Download PDF

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CN112737324B
CN112737324B CN202011568029.1A CN202011568029A CN112737324B CN 112737324 B CN112737324 B CN 112737324B CN 202011568029 A CN202011568029 A CN 202011568029A CN 112737324 B CN112737324 B CN 112737324B
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capacitor
inductor
diode
extension unit
converter
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CN112737324A (en
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邾玢鑫
刘昱
张耀
李振华
王灿
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/005—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output using Cuk converters

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Abstract

An automatic voltage-sharing bipolar Zeta DC-DC converter comprises a direct current input source, a basic Zeta converter,m‑1a plurality of extension units with the same polarity,nand a reverse polarity voltage extension unit. The homopolar and antipolar extension units are composed of an inductor, two capacitors and a diode, and the input and output gains of the converter and the voltage stress of the switching device can be adjusted by adjusting the number of the extension units. The converter has the advantages of simple control and drive circuit, wide input and output voltage regulation range, low voltage stress of a switching device and the like, and is suitable for application occasions where positive and negative power supply output is needed for output and the change range of the input voltage and the output voltage is large.

Description

Automatic voltage-sharing bipolar Zeta DC-DC converter
Technical Field
The invention relates to a DC-DC converter, in particular to an automatic voltage-sharing bipolar Zeta DC-DC converter.
Background
In the application occasions with large input and output voltage changes, the input voltage can be higher than the output voltage or lower than the output voltage, and the common non-isolated Buck-Boost DC-DC converter suitable for the application occasions comprises Buck-Boost circuits, Cuk circuits, Sepic circuits and Zeta circuits. Theoretically, by adjusting the duty ratio D, the input-output gain of these converters can be varied from zero to infinity, but the boost capability of these converters is greatly limited due to the influence of the parasitic parameters of the components and circuits. At present, schemes for improving the input and output gains of the DC-DC converter are mainly constructed on the basis of Boost circuits, so that the circuits can only realize voltage output with the same polarity or the opposite polarity of a power supply at the same time. Therefore, the research on the novel bipolar wide-input-output buck-boost DC/DC converter which can realize high-gain boost and can realize bipolar output has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The non-isolated high-gain DC-DC converter aims to solve the problem that the existing non-isolated high-gain DC-DC converter cannot generate high-gain bipolar voltage at the same time. The invention provides an automatic voltage-sharing bipolar Zeta DC-DC converter, which consists of a basic Zeta converter and a plurality of gain expansion units. The input and output gains of the converter and the voltage stress of the switching device can be adjusted by adjusting the number of the gain expansion units. The converter has the advantages of simple control and drive circuit, wide input and output voltage regulation range, low voltage stress of a switching device and the like, and is suitable for application occasions where positive and negative power supply output is needed for output and the change range of the input voltage and the output voltage is large.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an automatic voltage-sharing bipolar Zeta DC-DC converter comprises a direct current input source, a basic Zeta converter, m-1 homopolar extension units and n reversed-polarity voltage extension units; wherein:
the basic Zeta-converter comprises two inductors L, LP1Two capacitors CP11、CP12A power switch S1A diode DP1(ii) a The connection form is as follows: power switch S1Is connected to the positive pole of the DC input source, power switch S1Is connected with one end of an inductor L and a capacitor CP11One terminal of (C), a capacitorP11The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor LP1And a diode DP1Is connected to the cathode of the inductor LP1The other end of each of the first and second capacitors is connected to a capacitor CP12Is connected with one end of the inductor L, the other end of the inductor L and the diode DP1Anode and capacitor CP12The other ends of the two-way switch are connected with the negative electrode of the direct current input source;
the 1 st homopolar extension unit comprises an inductor LP2Diode DP2Two capacitors CP21、CP22(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor CP21The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor LP2And a diode DP2Is connected to the cathode of the inductor LP2Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CP22One end of the two ends are connected;
the 2 nd homopolar extension unit comprises an inductor LP3Diode DP3Two capacitors CP31、CP32(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor CP31The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor LP3And a diode DP3Is connected to the cathode of the inductor LP3Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CP32One end of the two ends are connected;
.... times, in the ith homopolar extension unit, 1< i ≦ m-1,
the ith homopolar extension unit comprises an inductor LP(i+1)Diode DP(i+1)Two capacitors CP(i+1)1、CP(i+1)2(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor CP(i+1)1The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor LP(i+1)And a diode DP(i+1)Is connected to the cathode of the inductor LP(i+1)Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CP(i+1)2One end of the two ends are connected; diode DP(i+1)Anode of (2) is connected with a capacitor CP(i+1)2The other end of (a);
the 1 st reverse polarity voltage extension unit comprises an inductor LN1Diode DN1Two capacitors CN11、CN12(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor CN11The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor LN1And a diode DN1Is connected to the cathode of the inductor LN1Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CN12One end of the two ends are connected;
the 2 nd reverse polarity voltage extension unit comprises an inductor LN2Diode DN2Two capacitors CN21、CN22(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor CN21The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor LN2And a diode DN2Is connected to the cathode of the inductor LN2Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CN22One end of the two ends are connected;
.... times, in the j-th reversed polarity voltage expansion unit, 1< j ≦ n,
the jth reverse polarity voltage extension unit comprises an inductor LNjDiode DNjTwo capacitors CNj1、CNj2(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor CNj1The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor LNjAnd a diode DNjIs connected to the cathode of the inductor LNjAnother terminal of (1) and a capacitor CNj2One end of the two ends are connected;
the connection form between the extension units with the same polarity is as follows:
1<i is less than or equal to m-1, and the capacitance C in the i-1 th homopolar extension unitPi2One end of (1), an inductance LPiAnd the intersection point of the other end of (2)Capacitor C in ith homopolar extension unitP(i+1)2Is connected with the other end of the capacitor C in the i-1 th homopolar extension unitPi1One end of the first capacitor and the capacitors C in the i same-polarity extension unitsP(i+1)1Are connected at one end. And the same polarity extends the unit capacitance CP(i+1)2Both ends of the capacitor C are connected with a basic Zeta converter capacitor CP22The voltage at the two ends is the same.
The connection form between the reversed polarity extension units is as follows:
1<j is less than or equal to n, and the capacitor C in the jth extension unitNj2One end of (1) and an inductor LNjAnd the intersection point of the other end of the first diode and the diode D in the (j-1) th reversed polarity extension unitN(j-1)Anode and capacitor CN(j-1)2The intersection points of the other ends are connected. Capacitor CNj1One end of the capacitor is connected with the capacitor C in the j-1 th expansion unitN(j-1)1One end is connected. And each reverse polarity extension unit capacitor CNj2Both ends of the capacitor C are connected with a basic Zeta converter capacitor CP22The voltage at the two ends is the same.
The connection relationship between the 1 st homopolar extension unit and the basic Zeta converter is as follows:
capacitor C in Zeta converterP11And the intersection point of one end of the inductor L and the capacitor C in the 1 st extension unit with the same polarityP21Is connected to one end of the Zeta converter, an inductor L in the Zeta converterP1Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CP12And the intersection point of one end of the first extension unit is connected with the diode D in the 1 st extension unit with the same polarityP2Anode and capacitor CP22The intersection points of the other ends are connected.
The connection relationship between the 1 st buck extension unit and the basic Zeta converter is as follows:
capacitance C in basic Zeta converterP11And the intersection point of one end of the capacitor L and one end of the inductor L and the capacitor C in the 1 st reversed polarity extension unitN11Are connected to one end of a diode D in the Zeta-converterP1Anode and capacitor CP12And the intersection point of the other end of the first and second electrodes connected with the inductor L in the 1 st reversed polarity extension unitN1Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CN12The intersections of one end are connected.
Load RPLAre respectively connected with the m-th-capacitance C in 1 homopolar extension unitPm2One end of the direct current input source is connected with the cathode of the direct current input source;
load RNLThe two ends of the first and the capacitor C in the nth reverse polarity voltage extension unitNn2The other end of the direct current input circuit is connected with the cathode of the direct current input source.
The gate of the power switch S1 is connected to a controller whose duty cycle can vary between 0 and 1.
The invention discloses an automatic voltage-sharing bipolar Zeta DC-DC converter, which has the following technical effects:
1) the buck-boost circuit can realize voltage boost and buck simultaneously, has high input and output gains, low voltage stress of a switching device and series and voltage-sharing output capacitors. When the current of the inductor L is continuously conducted, the following is concrete:
the homopolar output gain is:
Figure GDA0003317362180000031
the reverse polarity output gain is:
Figure GDA0003317362180000032
the maximum input-output gain is:
Figure GDA0003317362180000041
the voltage stress of the switching tube is as follows:
Figure GDA0003317362180000042
the voltage on each output capacitor is:
Figure GDA0003317362180000043
wherein D is the duty cycle, uinIs an input voltage uoTo output a voltage usFor the voltage stress of the power switch, m-1 is the number of homopolar extension units, n is the number of reversed polarity extension units, 0<i≤m,0≤j≤n。
2) The reference ground can simultaneously output a positive voltage and a negative voltage
3) And only 1 power switch is contained, and the control strategy and the driving circuit are simple.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit topology diagram when the number of the homopolar extension units is 1 and the number of the antipolar extension units is 2 according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional Zeta converter circuit.
Fig. 4 is a graph comparing the input/output gain of the present invention with the same-polarity extension unit number of 1 and the reverse-polarity extension unit number of 2 with the input/output gain of the conventional Zeta-potential converter.
Fig. 5 is a simulation diagram of an output waveform when D is 0.725 when the input voltage is 30V, the number of homopolar extension units is 1, and the number of reverse polarity extension units is 2 according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 2 shows a circuit topology diagram when the number of extension units m is 2 and n is 2 according to the present invention:
an automatic voltage-sharing bipolar Zeta DC-DC converter comprises a direct current input source, two loads, a basic Zeta converter, 1 homopolar extension unit and 2 reverse polarity voltage extension units. Wherein:
the basic Zeta-converter comprises two inductors L, LP1Two capacitors CP11、CP12A power switch S1A diode DP1. The connection form is as follows: power switch S1The drain electrode of the capacitor is connected with the anode of the input power supply, and the source electrode of the capacitor is connected with one end of an inductor L and a capacitor CP11One terminal of (C), a capacitorP11Another end of (1) and an inductor LP1And a diode DP1Is connected to the cathode of the inductor LP1Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CP12Is connected with one end of the inductor L, the other end of the inductor L and the diode DP1Anode and capacitor CP12And the other end of the second switch is connected with the negative electrode of the input power supply.
The homopolar and reverse polarity extension units all have the same internal structure, taking reverse polarity extension unit 1 as an example, it contains: an inductance LN1A diode DN1Two capacitors CN11、CN12. Wherein the capacitor CN11Another end of (1) and an inductor LN1And a diode DN1Is connected to the cathode of the inductor LN1Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CN12Are connected at one end.
The connection relationship between the 1 st homopolar extension unit and the basic Zeta converter is as follows: capacitance C in basic Zeta converterP11And the intersection point of one end of the inductor L and one end of the capacitor C in the 1 st extension unitP21Is connected to one end of the inductor L in the basic Zeta converterP1Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CP12And the intersection point of one end of the first extension unit and the diode D in the 1 st extension unitP2Anode and capacitor CP22The intersection points of the other ends are connected.
The connection relationship between the 1 st buck extension unit and the basic Zeta converter is as follows: capacitance C in basic Zeta converterP11And the intersection point of one end of the capacitor L and one end of the inductor L and the capacitor C in the 1 st reversed polarity extension unitN11Are connected at one end, diode D in the basic Zeta converterN1Anode and capacitor CN12And the intersection point of the other end of the first extension unit and the inductance L in the 1 st extension unitN2Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CN22The intersections of one end are connected.
Load RPLBoth ends of (A) and a capacitor C in the same-polarity extension unitP22One end of which is connected to ground. Load RNLBoth ends of (A) and a capacitor C in the reverse polarity extension unitN22The other end of which is connected to ground.
The gate of the power switch S1 is connected to its controller, and its duty cycle can be varied between 0 and 1. The on-off time of the power switch S1 can be controlled by adjusting the duty ratio, and the output voltage level can be adjusted according to the voltage balance formula of the inductor.
When the current of the inductor L is continuously conducted, the circuit can be divided into 2 working states according to the different states of the power switch:
1: power switch S1Conducting, diode DP1、DP2、DN1、DN2Are all turned off, and the inductor L, L at the momentP1、LP2、LN1、LN2Capacitor CP12、CP22、CN12、CN22Charging, capacitance CP11、CP21、CN11、CN21Discharging; inductor L, LP1、LP2、LN1、LN2The terminal voltage is shown as follows:
Figure GDA0003317362180000051
2: power switch S1Turn-off, diode DP1、DP2、DN1、DN2Are all turned on, and the inductor L, L is at the momentP1、LP2、LN1、LN2Capacitor CP12、CP22、CN12、CN22Discharge, capacitance CP11、CP21、CN11、CN21Charging; inductor L, LP1、LP2、LN1、LN2The terminal voltage is shown as follows:
Figure GDA0003317362180000061
the above circuit division into 2 operating states, based on the duty cycle of the controller connected to the gate of the power switch S1, yields the following voltage levels across each capacitor:
Figure GDA0003317362180000062
fig. 4 is a graph comparing the input/output gain of the present invention with the same-polarity extension unit number of 1 and the reverse-polarity extension unit number of 2 with the input/output gain of the conventional Zeta-potential converter. As can be seen from fig. 4, when the duty ratio is the same, the gain of the converter proposed by the present invention is twice that of the conventional converter, and bipolar voltages can be output.
Fig. 5 is a simulation diagram of an output waveform when D is 0.725 when the input voltage is 30V, the number of homopolar extension units is 1, and the number of reverse polarity extension units is 2 according to the present invention. The feasibility of the invention is verified by simulation, and the two ends of the two resistors have opposite voltage polarities relative to the ground and the same voltage magnitude.

Claims (3)

1. An automatic voltage-sharing bipolar Zeta DC-DC converter is characterized in that: the converter comprises a direct current input source, a Zeta converter, m-1 homopolar extension units and n reversed polarity voltage extension units; wherein:
the Zeta-converter comprises two inductors L, LP1Two capacitors CP11、CP12A power switch S1A diode DP1(ii) a The connection form is as follows: power switch S1Is connected to the positive pole of the DC input source, power switch S1Is connected with one end of an inductor L and a capacitor CP11One terminal of (C), a capacitorP11The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor LP1And a diode DP1Is connected to the cathode of the inductor LP1The other end of each of the first and second capacitors is connected to a capacitor CP12Is connected with one end of the inductor L, the other end of the inductor L and the diode DP1Anode and capacitor CP12The other ends of the two-way switch are connected with the negative electrode of the direct current input source;
the 1 st homopolar extension unit comprises an inductor LP2Diode DP2Two capacitors CP21、CP22(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor CP21The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor LP2And a diode DP2Is connected to the cathode of the inductor LP2Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CP22One end of the two ends are connected; diode DP2Anode of (2) is connected with a capacitor CP22The other end of (a);
the 2 nd homopolar extension unit comprises an inductor LP3Diode DP3Two capacitors CP31、CP32(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor CP31The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor LP3And a diode DP3Is connected to the cathode of the inductor LP3Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CP32One end of the two ends are connected; diode DP3Anode of (2) is connected with a capacitor CP32In addition toOne end;
.... times, in the ith homopolar extension unit, 1< i ≦ m-1,
the ith homopolar extension unit comprises an inductor LP(i+1)Diode DP(i+1)Two capacitors CP(i+1)1、CP(i+1)2(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor CP(i+1)1The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor LP(i+1)And a diode DP(i+1)Is connected to the cathode of the inductor LP(i+1)Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CP(i+1)2One end of the two ends are connected; diode DP(i+1)Anode of (2) is connected with a capacitor CP(i+1)2The other end of (a);
the 1 st reverse polarity voltage extension unit comprises an inductor LN1Diode DN1Two capacitors CN11、CN12(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor CN11The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor LN1And a diode DN1Is connected to the cathode of the inductor LN1Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CN12One end of the two ends are connected; diode DN1Anode of (2) is connected with a capacitor CN12The other end of (a);
the 2 nd reverse polarity voltage extension unit comprises an inductor LN2Diode DN2Two capacitors CN21、CN22(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor CN21The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor LN2And a diode DN2Is connected to the cathode of the inductor LN2Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CN22One end of the two ends are connected; diode DN2Anode of (2) is connected with a capacitor CN22The other end of (a);
.... times, in the j-th reversed polarity voltage expansion unit, 1< j ≦ n,
the jth reverse polarity voltage extension unit comprises an inductor LNjDiode DNjTwo capacitors CNj1、CNj2(ii) a Wherein, the capacitor CNj1The other end of the first and second inductors are respectively connected with the inductor LNjAnd a diode DNjIs connected to the cathode of the inductor LNjAnother terminal of (1) and a capacitor CNj2One end of the two ends are connected; diode DNjAnode of (2) is connected with a capacitor CNj2The other end of (a);
the connection form between the extension units with the same polarity is as follows:
1<i is less than or equal to m-1, and the capacitance C in the i-1 th homopolar extension unitPi2One end of (1), an inductance LPiAnd the intersection point of the other end of the first and second electrodes and the capacitor C in the ith homopolar extension unitP(i+1)2Is connected with the other end of the capacitor C in the i-1 th homopolar extension unitPi1One end of the first capacitor and the capacitors C in the i same-polarity extension unitsP(i+1)1One end of the two ends are connected;
the connection form between the reversed polarity extension units is as follows:
1<j is less than or equal to n, and the capacitor C in the jth extension unitNj2One end of (1) and an inductor LNjAnd the intersection point of the other end of the first diode and the diode D in the (j-1) th reversed polarity extension unitN(j-1)Anode and capacitor CN(j-1)2The intersection points of the other ends are connected; capacitor CNj1One end of the capacitor is connected with the capacitor C in the j-1 th expansion unitN(j-1)1One end is connected;
the connection relationship between the 1 st homopolar extension unit and the Zeta converter is as follows:
capacitor C in Zeta converterP11And the intersection point of one end of the inductor L and the capacitor C in the 1 st extension unit with the same polarityP21Is connected to one end of the Zeta converter, an inductor L in the Zeta converterP1Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CP12And the intersection point of one end of the first extension unit is connected with the diode D in the 1 st extension unit with the same polarityP2Anode and capacitor CP22The intersection points of the other ends are connected;
the connection relationship between the 1 st buck extension unit and the Zeta converter is as follows:
capacitor C in Zeta converterP11And the intersection point of one end of the capacitor L and one end of the inductor L and the capacitor C in the 1 st reversed polarity extension unitN11Are connected to one end of a diode D in the Zeta-converterP1Anode and capacitor CP12And the intersection point of the other end of the first and second electrodes connected with the inductor L in the 1 st reversed polarity extension unitN1Another terminal of (1) and a capacitor CN12The intersection points of one end are connected;
load RPLAre respectively connected with the capacitor C in the m-1 th homopolar extension unitPm2One end of the direct current input source is connected with the cathode of the direct current input source;
load RNLThe two ends of the first and the capacitor C in the nth reverse polarity voltage extension unitNn2The other end of the direct current input circuit is connected with the cathode of the direct current input source.
2. The automatic voltage-sharing bipolar Zeta DC-DC converter according to claim 1, wherein: the gate of the power switch S1 is connected to a controller, the duty cycle of which varies between 0 and 1.
3. The automatic voltage-sharing bipolar Zeta DC-DC converter according to claim 1, wherein: when m is 2 and n is 2, when the current of the inductor L is continuously conducted, the circuit is divided into 2 operating states according to the different power switch states:
(1) power switch S1Conducting, diode DP1、DP2、DN1、DN2Are all turned off, and the inductor L, L at the momentP1、LP2、LN1、LN2Capacitor CP12、CP22、CN12、CN22Charging, capacitance CP11、CP21、CN11、CN21Discharging; inductor L, LP1、LP2、LN1、LN2The terminal voltage is shown as follows:
Figure FDA0003317362170000031
(2) power switch S1Turn-off, diode DP1、DP2、DN1、DN2Are all turned on, and the inductor L, L is at the momentP1、LP2、LN1、LN2Capacitor CP12、CP22、CN12、CN22Discharge, capacitance CP11、CP21、CN11、CN21Charging; inductor L, LP1、LP2、LN1、LN2The terminal voltage is shown as follows:
Figure FDA0003317362170000032
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