CN112728059A - Planet shaft, planet speed reducer and engineering machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a planetary shaft, a planetary reducer and engineering machinery. The planet shaft comprises a first shaft section, a second shaft section and a third shaft section which are sequentially connected, the outer diameter of the second shaft section is smaller than that of the first shaft section and that of the third shaft section, an outer knurling is arranged on the outer wall of the first shaft section and is suitable for being in interference fit with a first mounting hole of the planet carrier, and a chip containing space for containing chips is formed by surrounding the inner walls of the first shaft section, the second shaft section, the third shaft section and the first mounting hole. According to the invention, the outer knurls are in interference fit with the first mounting hole, the outer knurls are pressed into the first mounting hole, the inner knurls matched with the outer knurls are extruded on the inner wall of the first mounting hole, and the inner knurls and the outer knurls are inlaid in a concave-convex manner, so that the rotation motion and the axial movement of the planet shaft can be prevented; the inner wall of the first mounting hole can be cut in the process that the outer knurls are squeezed into the first mounting hole, so that chips are formed, the chips are stored in a chip containing space, and the chips are prevented from obstructing the mounting of the planet shaft.

Description

Planet shaft, planet speed reducer and engineering machinery

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a planetary shaft, a planetary reducer and engineering machinery.

Background

The planetary gear reducer is used as a core transmission component of the engineering machinery, mainly transmits the driving force of a motor, and drives a working component of the engineering machinery through speed reduction and torque increase. The planetary gear reducer comprises a planet carrier, a planetary gear, a planetary shaft and the like, wherein the planetary gear is in self transmission around the rotation axis of the planetary gear and also revolves around the rotation axis of the planet carrier, the planetary shaft is arranged on the planet carrier and used for installing the planetary gear, the planetary shaft is a shaft part for bearing the transmission power of the planetary gear, the borne torque is large, and the planetary shaft is in axial and rotary motion relative to the planet carrier due to the manufacturing and assembling errors of the planetary gear and the planetary bearing and the complex stress direction. When the planetary gear reducer operates, the planetary shaft and the planetary carrier are required to be fixedly installed, relative motion cannot occur, the relative motion comprises axial motion of the planetary shaft along the axis of the planetary shaft and rotary motion around the axis of the planetary shaft, the axial motion of the planetary shaft can enable the planetary shaft to be separated from a working position, the function of power transmission is invalid, the rotary motion of the planetary shaft aggravates the axial motion, and therefore the failure of the planetary reducer is accelerated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a planet shaft, a planet speed reducer and engineering machinery, and aims to solve the problems that the planet shaft rotates around the axis and moves along the axis of the planet shaft due to the complex stress direction of the planet shaft when the planet gear speed reducer in the prior art runs.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a planet shaft which comprises a first shaft section, a second shaft section and a third shaft section which are sequentially connected, wherein the outer diameter of the second shaft section is smaller than that of the first shaft section and that of the third shaft section, outer knurls are arranged on the outer wall of the first shaft section, the outer knurls are suitable for being in interference fit with a first mounting hole of a planet carrier, and chip containing spaces for containing chips are defined by the inner walls of the first shaft section, the second shaft section, the third shaft section and the first mounting hole.

Optionally, at least one impact region is provided at an edge of an end face of the first shaft section, and the impact region is subjected to impact force after the planetary shaft and the planetary carrier are assembled to deform the edge of the first shaft section so as to limit rotational movement and axial movement of the planetary shaft.

Optionally, when the impact area is provided in plurality, the plurality of impact areas are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first shaft section.

Optionally, the impact area is subjected to an impact force by a punch rivet machine.

Optionally, the planet shaft further comprises a guide section disposed at an end of the third shaft section far from the first shaft section, and an outer diameter of the guide section is gradually reduced from an end thereof connected with the third shaft section to the other end.

Optionally, the outer peripheral surface of the guide section is a tapered surface.

Optionally, the outer knurls are straight knurls.

The present invention also provides a planetary reducer, including: the planet axle described above.

Optionally, the planetary reducer further includes a planet carrier, the planet carrier has a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole for mounting a planet shaft, the first shaft section of the planet shaft is in interference fit with one end of the first mounting hole, one end of the third shaft section is in fit with the other end of the first mounting hole, and the other end of the third shaft section is in fit with the second mounting hole.

The present invention also provides an engineering machine, including: the planetary reducer is described above.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: outer annular knurl and the first mounting hole interference fit of planet carrier, during the assembly, with the outer annular knurl brute force of planet axle impress in the first mounting hole of planet carrier, extrude on the inner wall of first mounting hole with outer annular knurl complex interior annular knurl, the concave-convex inlaying of interior outer annular knurl can prevent the planet axle around its axis rotation and along its axis removal, effectively prevents the rotary motion and the axial motion of planet axle, extension planetary reducer's life. The inner wall of the first mounting hole can be cut to form chips in the process that the outer knurl is squeezed into the first mounting hole, the chip containing space for storing the chips is designed for preventing the chips from blocking the mounting of the planet shaft and preventing the chips from entering the planet speed reducer to influence the operation of the speed reducer, the chips can be stored in the chip containing space formed by the planet shaft and the first mounting hole, the chips are prevented from blocking the mounting of the planet shaft, and the chips are stored in the closed space and cannot influence the operation of the speed reducer.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic front view of a planet axle provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic top view of the planet axle of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 shows a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a planetary reducer provided by the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

10. a planet shaft; 11. a first shaft section; 111. knurling the outside; 112. an impact region; 12. a second shaft section; 13. a third shaft section; 14. a guide section; 20. a planet carrier; 21. a first side plate; 22. a second side plate; 23. a connecting plate; 30. a planetary gear; 40. a planetary bearing; 50. a limiting plate; 60. and a space ring.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the planet shaft 10 of the present embodiment includes a first shaft section 11, a second shaft section 12, and a third shaft section 13 connected in sequence, an outer diameter of the second shaft section 12 is smaller than outer diameters of the first shaft section 11 and the third shaft section 13, an outer knurl 111 is provided on an outer wall of the first shaft section 11, the outer knurl 111 is suitable for interference fit with a first mounting hole of the planet carrier 20, and a chip accommodating space for accommodating chips is defined by inner walls of the first shaft section 11, the second shaft section 12, the third shaft section 13, and the first mounting hole.

By applying the planet shaft of the embodiment, the outer knurls 111 are in interference fit with the first mounting hole of the planet carrier 20, during assembly, the outer knurls 111 of the planet shaft 10 are strongly pressed into the first mounting hole of the planet carrier 20, the inner knurls matched with the outer knurls 111 are extruded on the inner wall of the first mounting hole, the inner and outer knurls are inlaid in a concave-convex mode, the planet shaft can be prevented from rotating around the axis of the planet shaft and moving along the axis of the planet shaft, the rotating motion and the axial motion of the planet shaft are effectively prevented, and the service life of the planet speed reducer is prolonged. The inner wall of the first mounting hole can be cut to form chips in the process that the outer knurl 111 is extruded into the first mounting hole, the chip containing space for storing the chips is designed for preventing the chips from blocking the mounting of the planet shaft and preventing the chips from entering the planet speed reducer to influence the operation of the speed reducer, the chips can be stored in the chip containing space formed by the planet shaft and the first mounting hole, the chips are prevented from blocking the mounting of the planet shaft, and the chips are stored in the closed space and cannot influence the operation of the speed reducer.

In this embodiment, at least one impact area 112 is provided at the edge of the end face of the first shaft section 11, and applying an impact force to the impact area 112 after the planetary shaft and the planet carrier 20 are assembled deforms the edge of the first shaft section 11 to limit the rotational and axial movement of the planetary shaft. The arrangement of the impact area 112 can effectively fix the planet shaft 10 on the planet carrier 20, further limit the rotation motion and the axial motion of the planet shaft, effectively solve the problems that the planet shaft rotates around the axis and moves along the axis when the planetary speed reducer operates, and prolong the service life of the speed reducer.

In the present embodiment, when the plurality of impact regions 112 is provided, the plurality of impact regions 112 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the first shaft segment 11. As an alternative embodiment, the plurality of impact regions 112 are not distributed uniformly along the circumference of the first shaft section 11.

In this embodiment, the impact force is applied to the impact region 112 by the rivet punching machine, and the impact region 112 is also a rivet punching region, thereby improving the production efficiency. The riveting area is round, rectangular and the like.

In this embodiment, the planet shaft further comprises a guide section 14 arranged at an end of the third shaft section 13 remote from the first shaft section 11, the outer diameter of the guide section 14 gradually decreasing from its end connected to the third shaft section 13 to the other end. When the planet shaft enters the first mounting hole, the smooth and smooth installation process of the planet shaft is ensured through the guiding effect of the guiding section, wherein the installation direction of the planet shaft is parallel to the axis of the first mounting hole.

In the present embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the guide section 14 is a tapered surface. As an alternative embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the guide section 14 has an arcuate longitudinal cross-sectional shape.

In the present embodiment, the outer knurls 111 are straight knurls.

The present invention also provides a planetary reducer, which includes: the planet axle described above.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the planetary reducer further includes a planet carrier 20, the planet carrier 20 has a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole for mounting a planet shaft, the first shaft section 11 of the planet shaft is in interference fit with one end of the first mounting hole, one end of the third shaft section 13 is in interference fit with the other end of the first mounting hole, and the other end of the third shaft section 13 is in interference fit with the second mounting hole. The inner wall of the first mounting hole is formed with inner knurls which are interference-fitted with the outer knurls 111 of the planet shaft 10 to restrict the rotational movement and the axial movement of the planet shaft 10. The inner and outer knurls are inlaid in a concave-convex mode, so that the planet shaft can be prevented from rotating around the axis of the planet shaft and moving along the axis of the planet shaft, the rotation motion and the axial motion of the planet shaft are effectively prevented, and the service life of the planet speed reducer is prolonged.

In the present embodiment, the inner wall of the first mounting hole is a smooth inner wall before the planet shaft 10 and the planet carrier are assembled. During assembly, the outer knurls 111 of the planet shaft 10 are forcibly pressed into the first mounting hole of the planet carrier 20, and the inner knurls matched with the outer knurls 111 are extruded on the inner wall of the first mounting hole. As an alternative embodiment, before the planet shaft 10 and the planet carrier are assembled, an inner knurl is machined on the inner wall of the first mounting hole, and the inner knurl and the outer knurl are in interference fit.

In this embodiment, the planet carrier includes a first side plate 21 and a second side plate 22 which are oppositely arranged, and a connecting plate 23 which connects the first side plate 21 and the second side plate 22, a first mounting hole is provided on the first side plate 21, a second mounting hole is provided on the second side plate 22, a mounting space for mounting the planetary gear 30 is formed between the first side plate 21 and the second side plate 22, at this time, the planet carrier is in a cage structure, and the planet carrier is molded by integral casting.

In this embodiment, the planetary reducer further includes a planetary gear 30, a planetary bearing 40, a limiting plate 50 and a spacer ring 60, two limiting plates 50 and two planetary bearings 40 are provided, the limiting plate 50, the planetary bearing 40 and the spacer ring 60 are sleeved on the third shaft section 13, the spacer ring 60 is located between the two planetary bearings 40, the limiting plate 50 is located on one side of the planetary bearing 40 away from the spacer ring 60, the planetary gear 30 is sleeved on the two planetary bearings 40 and the spacer ring 60, the spacer ring 60 can separate middle rolling bodies of the two planetary bearings 40, the two rolling bodies are prevented from colliding with each other in the rolling process, and the limiting plate 50 limits the axial position of the planetary bearing 40.

In the embodiment, the planetary gears are meshed with the gears of the planetary reducer, and 3-5 planetary gears can be uniformly distributed according to the magnitude of the transmission torque.

In the embodiment, the planet shaft is divided into four sections, the first shaft section is an outer knurled section, the outer knurled section is in interference fit with the first mounting hole of the planet carrier, the outer knurled section is in interference fit with the first mounting hole through outer knurling, inner knurling matched with the outer knurling is extruded on the first mounting hole of the planet carrier through the outer knurling, the inner knurling and the outer knurling are inlaid in a concave-convex mode, the planet shaft can be prevented from rotating around the axis of the planet shaft under the action of external rotating force after being mounted, and the planet shaft is prevented from moving along the axis of the planet shaft under the action of external axial force, so that the conditions that the planet shaft is abraded and loosened are avoided; the inner walls of the first shaft section, the second shaft section, the third shaft section and the first mounting hole enclose a scrap accommodating space for accommodating scraps, when the planetary shaft is mounted in the first mounting hole, matched inner knurling is extruded on the inner wall of the first mounting hole, the inner wall of the first mounting hole is cut in the process to form cutting scrap iron, in order to prevent the scrap iron from obstructing the mounting of the planetary shaft and the scrap iron from entering the planetary reducer to influence the operation of the reducer, the scrap accommodating space for storing the scrap iron is arranged, the scrap iron can be stored in the closed space formed by the inner walls of the first shaft section, the second shaft section, the third shaft section and the first mounting hole, the scrap iron is prevented from obstructing the mounting of the planetary shaft, and the scrap iron is stored in the closed space without influencing the operation of the reducer; the third shaft section is an installation action section, the planet shaft is mainly used for installing a planet gear, and the planet gear and the planet carrier are connected together through the planet bearing to transmit power between the planet gear and the planet carrier; the fourth shaft section is a guide section, when the outer circle of the planet shaft is installed and enters the first installation hole and the second installation hole of the planet carrier, the installation process of the planet shaft is ensured to be smooth through the taper of the guide section, and the installation direction of the planet shaft is parallel to the axis of the installation hole; four riveting and punching areas are uniformly arranged on the end surface of the planet shaft, after the planet shaft is installed into the planet carrier and reaches a working position, 4 points are uniformly riveted and punched along the circumference of the excircle near the end surface of the planet shaft close to the excircle, the interference fit between the planet shaft and the first installation hole is further realized, the axial movement of the planet shaft along the axis and the rotary movement around the axis are further prevented, and the condition that the planet shaft breaks out of the installation hole of the planet carrier to cause failure is avoided.

The present invention also provides an engineering machine, including: the planetary reducer is described above.

In this embodiment, the engineering machine is a tower crane, a rotary drilling rig, a crawler crane, an excavator or the like.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

set up outer annular knurl on the planet axle, inlay the first mounting hole that gets into the planet carrier through outer annular knurl interference, effectively prevent the rotary motion and the axial motion of planet axle, simple structure, it is with low costs, do not need other parts to assist fixedly, punch through the riveting towards the region to the planet axle and rivet, further restrict the rotary motion and the axial motion of planet axle, can be effectual fix the planet axle on the planet carrier, promote the life of speed reducer.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The planet shaft is characterized by comprising a first shaft section (11), a second shaft section (12) and a third shaft section (13) which are sequentially connected, wherein the outer diameter of the second shaft section (12) is smaller than that of the first shaft section (11) and that of the third shaft section (13), outer knurls (111) are arranged on the outer wall of the first shaft section (11), the outer knurls (111) are suitable for being in interference fit with a first mounting hole of a planet carrier (20), and the inner walls of the first shaft section (11), the second shaft section (12), the third shaft section (13) and the first mounting hole are surrounded to form a chip containing space for containing chips.

2. A planet axle according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one impact area (112) is provided at the edge of the end surface of the first axle segment (11), and that the application of an impact force to the impact area (112) after assembly of the planet axle and the planet carrier (20) deforms the edge of the first axle segment (11) to limit the rotational and axial movement of the planet axle.

3. A planet shaft according to claim 2, characterised in that when there are a plurality of impact areas (112), the plurality of impact areas (112) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the first shaft section (11).

4. A planet axle according to claim 2, characterised in that the impact area (112) is subjected to an impact force by means of a punch riveting machine.

5. A planet shaft according to claim 1, further comprising a guide section (14) arranged at an end of the third shaft section (13) remote from the first shaft section (11), the guide section (14) having an outer diameter which decreases from its end connected to the third shaft section (13) towards the other end.

6. A planet axle according to claim 5, characterised in that the outer circumference of the guide section (14) is a conical surface.

7. A planet shaft according to claim 1, characterised in that the outer knurl (111) is a straight knurl.

8. A planetary reducer, comprising: the planet axle of any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The planetary reducer according to claim 8, further comprising a planet carrier (20), wherein the planet carrier (20) has a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole for mounting the planet shaft, the first shaft section (11) of the planet shaft is in interference fit with one end of the first mounting hole, one end of the third shaft section (13) is in fit with the other end of the first mounting hole, and the other end of the third shaft section (13) is in fit with the second mounting hole.

10. A work machine, comprising: the planetary reducer of claim 8 or 9.

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