CN112728060A

CN112728060A - Planet carrier, planetary reducer and engineering machinery

Info

Publication number: CN112728060A
Application number: CN202110078313.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李佳; 何泽京; 孙文彬; 孔凡胜
Original assignee: Suote Transmission Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: Suote Transmission Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-20
Filing date: 2021-01-20
Publication date: 2021-04-30

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a planet carrier, a planetary reducer and engineering machinery. The planet carrier is provided with a first mounting hole for mounting one end of the planet shaft (10), and the inner wall of the first mounting hole is provided with an inner knurl which is in interference fit with the outer knurl (111) of the planet shaft (10) so as to limit the rotation movement and the axial movement of the planet shaft (10). According to the technical scheme, the inner knurling in interference fit with the outer knurling of the planet shaft is formed on the inner wall of the first mounting hole, the inner knurling and the outer knurling are inlaid in a concave-convex mode, the planet shaft can be prevented from rotating around the axis and moving along the axis, the rotating motion and the axial motion of the planet shaft are effectively prevented, the service life of the planetary speed reducer is prolonged, the structure is simple, the cost is low, and other parts are not needed for assisting in fixing.

Description

Planet carrier, planetary reducer and engineering machinery

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a planet carrier, a planetary reducer and engineering machinery.

Background

The planetary gear speed reduction has the advantages of large volume power density, stable motion, and strong vibration and impact resistance, and is a core transmission part of the engineering machinery, mainly transmits the driving force of a motor, and drives a working part of the engineering machinery through speed reduction and torque increase. The planetary gear speed reducer is uniformly installed on the planet carrier through a plurality of identical planetary gears and participates in gear transmission meshing, and the meshing tooth number of the plurality of planetary gears is increased, so that the transmission power of the speed reducer is higher, and the motion is more stable and reliable.

The main failure mode of the planetary gear speed reducer is analyzed and found that the installation and support mode of the planetary shaft directly influences the abrasion and the looseness of the planetary shaft, so that the whole service life of the speed reducer is influenced, the planetary shaft is installed on a planet carrier, the planetary shaft is not allowed to move along the axis of the planetary shaft and rotate around the axis of the planetary shaft, the axial motion of the planetary shaft can enable the planetary shaft to be separated from a working position, the function of transmission power is failed, the axial motion is aggravated by the rotation motion of the planetary shaft, and the failure of the planetary speed reducer is accelerated.

In the prior art, a planet shaft is arranged on a planet carrier through interference fit, so that the rotation of the planet shaft is prevented, the planet shaft is designed into a complex stepped shaft and a structure with a clamp spring groove, the axial movement of the planet shaft is limited through a shaft shoulder and a clamp spring, or the planet shaft is fastened on the planet carrier through a screw by adding an additional check ring and a baffle plate, so that the planet shaft is prevented from rotating around the axis and moving along the axis, the structure is complex, a plurality of parts are provided, and the cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a planet carrier, a planetary reducer and engineering machinery, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the structure for limiting the rotation of a planet shaft around the axis of the planet shaft and the movement of the planet shaft along the axis of the planet shaft is complex, and the cost is high due to multiple parts.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a planet carrier having a first mounting hole for mounting one end of a planet shaft, an inner wall of the first mounting hole being formed with inner knurls interference-fitted with outer knurls of the planet shaft to restrict rotational and axial movements of the planet shaft.

Optionally, at least one impact area is arranged on a part of the planet carrier close to the first mounting hole, and after the planet shaft and the planet carrier are assembled, impact force is applied to the impact area to enable the part of the planet carrier close to the first mounting hole to deform outwards so as to limit the rotation movement and the axial movement of the planet shaft.

Optionally, when the impact area is provided in plurality, the plurality of impact areas are evenly distributed around the first mounting hole.

Optionally, the inner wall of the first mounting hole is a smooth inner wall before the planet shaft and the planet carrier are assembled.

Optionally, the outer knurls and the inner knurls are both straight knurls.

Optionally, the planet carrier further has a second mounting hole for mounting the other end of the planet shaft.

Optionally, the planet carrier includes a first side plate and a second side plate which are arranged oppositely, and a connecting plate which connects the first side plate and the second side plate, the first mounting hole is arranged on the first side plate, the second mounting hole is arranged on the second side plate, and a mounting space for mounting the planetary gear is formed between the first side plate and the second side plate.

The present invention also provides a planetary reducer, including: the planet carrier is described above.

The present invention also provides an engineering machine, including: the planetary reducer is described above.

Optionally, the engineering machine is a tower crane, a rotary drilling rig, a crawler crane or an excavator.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages: the inner wall of the first mounting hole is provided with inner knurls which are in interference fit with the outer knurls of the planet shaft, the inner knurls and the outer knurls are inlaid in a concave-convex mode, the planet shaft can be prevented from rotating around the axis of the planet shaft and moving along the axis of the planet shaft, the rotating motion and the axial motion of the planet shaft are effectively prevented, the service life of the planetary speed reducer is prolonged, the structure is simple, the cost is low, and other parts are not needed for assisting in fixing.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a planetary reducer provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a partial right-view schematic of the planetary reducer of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 shows a schematic front view of a planet shaft of the planetary reducer of fig. 1.

Description of reference numerals:

10. a planet shaft; 11. a first shaft section; 111. knurling the outside; 12. a second shaft section; 13. a third shaft section; 14. a guide section; 20. a planet carrier; 21. a first side plate; 211. an impact region; 22. a second side plate; 23. a connecting plate; 30. a planetary gear; 40. a planetary bearing; 50. a limiting plate; 60. and a space ring.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the carrier 20 of the present embodiment has a first mounting hole for mounting one end of the planet shaft 10, and an inner wall of the first mounting hole is formed with inner knurls which are interference-fitted with the outer knurls 111 of the planet shaft 10 to limit rotational movement and axial movement of the planet shaft 10.

By applying the planet carrier of the embodiment, the inner wall of the first mounting hole is provided with the inner knurl which is in interference fit with the outer knurl 111 of the planet shaft 10, the inner and outer knurls are inlaid in a concave-convex mode, the planet shaft can be prevented from rotating around the axis and moving along the axis, the rotating motion and the axial motion of the planet shaft are effectively prevented, the service life of the planetary speed reducer is prolonged, the structure is simple, the cost is low, and other parts are not needed for assisting in fixing.

In this embodiment, at least one impact region 211 is provided on a portion of the planet carrier adjacent to the first mounting hole, and when the planet shaft 10 and the planet carrier are assembled, an impact force is applied to the impact region 211 to deform the portion of the planet carrier adjacent to the first mounting hole outward, so as to limit the rotational movement and the axial movement of the planet shaft 10. The arrangement of the impact area 211 can effectively fix the planet shaft 10 on the planet carrier 20, further limit the rotation motion and the axial motion of the planet shaft, effectively solve the problems that the planet shaft rotates around the axis and moves along the axis when the planetary speed reducer operates, and prolong the service life of the speed reducer.

In the present embodiment, when the impact area 211 is provided in plurality, the plurality of impact areas 211 are uniformly distributed around the first mounting hole. As an alternative embodiment, the plurality of impact regions 211 are not evenly distributed around the first mounting hole.

In this embodiment, an impact force is applied to the impact region 211 by the riveting machine, and the impact region 211 is also a riveting region, thereby improving the production efficiency. The riveting area is round, rectangular and the like.

In the present embodiment, the inner wall of the first mounting hole is a smooth inner wall before the planet shaft 10 and the planet carrier are assembled. During assembly, the outer knurls 111 of the planet shaft 10 are forcibly pressed into the first mounting hole of the planet carrier 20, and the inner knurls matched with the outer knurls 111 are extruded on the inner wall of the first mounting hole. As an alternative embodiment, before the planet shaft 10 and the planet carrier are assembled, an inner knurl is machined on the inner wall of the first mounting hole, and the inner knurl and the outer knurl are in interference fit.

In this embodiment, both the outer knurls 111 and the inner knurls are straight knurls.

In the present embodiment, the carrier also has a second mounting hole for mounting the other end of the planet shaft 10. Two ends of the planet shaft 10 are respectively arranged in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, and the fixing of the planet shaft 10 is firmer and more reliable.

In this embodiment, the planet carrier includes a first side plate 21 and a second side plate 22 which are oppositely arranged, and a connecting plate 23 which connects the first side plate 21 and the second side plate 22, a first mounting hole is provided on the first side plate 21, a second mounting hole is provided on the second side plate 22, a mounting space for mounting the planetary gear 30 is formed between the first side plate 21 and the second side plate 22, at this time, the planet carrier is in a cage structure, and the planet carrier is molded by integral casting.

The present invention also provides a planetary reducer, which includes: the planet carrier is described above.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the planetary reducer further includes a planetary shaft 10, the planetary shaft 10 includes a first shaft section 11, a second shaft section 12, and a third shaft section 13 that are connected in sequence, an outer diameter of the second shaft section 12 is smaller than outer diameters of the first shaft section 11 and the third shaft section 13, an outer knurl 111 is provided on an outer wall of the first shaft section 11, the outer knurl 111 is adapted to be in interference fit with a first mounting hole of the planet carrier 20, and inner walls of the first shaft section 11, the second shaft section 12, the third shaft section 13, and the first mounting hole enclose a chip containing space for containing chips.

Outer annular knurl 111 and planet carrier 20's first mounting hole interference fit, during the assembly, with the outer annular knurl 111 of planet axle 10 in the first mounting hole of planet carrier 20 is impressed with the brute force, extrude on the inner wall of first mounting hole with outer annular knurl 111 complex interior annular knurl, the concave-convex inlay of inside and outside annular knurl can prevent the planet axle around its axis rotation and along its axis removal, effectively prevents the rotary motion and the axial motion of planet axle, extension planetary reducer's life. The inner wall of the first mounting hole can be cut to form chips in the process that the outer knurl 111 is extruded into the first mounting hole, the chip containing space for storing the chips is designed for preventing the chips from blocking the mounting of the planet shaft and preventing the chips from entering the planet speed reducer to influence the operation of the speed reducer, the chips can be stored in the chip containing space formed by the planet shaft and the first mounting hole, the chips are prevented from blocking the mounting of the planet shaft, and the chips are stored in the closed space and cannot influence the operation of the speed reducer.

In this embodiment, the planet shaft further comprises a guide section 14 arranged at an end of the third shaft section 13 remote from the first shaft section 11, the outer diameter of the guide section 14 gradually decreasing from its end connected to the third shaft section 13 to the other end. When the planet shaft enters the first mounting hole, the smooth and smooth installation process of the planet shaft is ensured through the guiding effect of the guiding section, wherein the installation direction of the planet shaft is parallel to the axis of the first mounting hole.

In the present embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the guide section 14 is a tapered surface. As an alternative embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the guide section 14 has an arcuate longitudinal cross-sectional shape.

In this embodiment, the first shaft section 11 of the planet shaft is in interference fit with one end of the first mounting hole, one end of the third shaft section 13 is in interference fit with the other end of the first mounting hole, and the other end of the third shaft section 13 is in interference fit with the second mounting hole.

In this embodiment, the planetary reducer further includes a planetary gear 30, a planetary bearing 40, a limiting plate 50 and a spacer ring 60, two limiting plates 50 and two planetary bearings 40 are provided, the limiting plate 50, the planetary bearing 40 and the spacer ring 60 are sleeved on the third shaft section 13, the spacer ring 60 is located between the two planetary bearings 40, the limiting plate 50 is located on one side of the planetary bearing 40 away from the spacer ring 60, the planetary gear 30 is sleeved on the two planetary bearings 40 and the spacer ring 60, the spacer ring 60 can separate middle rolling bodies of the two planetary bearings 40, the two rolling bodies are prevented from colliding with each other in the rolling process, and the limiting plate 50 limits the axial position of the planetary bearing 40.

In the embodiment, the planetary gears are meshed with the gears of the planetary reducer, and 3-5 planetary gears can be uniformly distributed according to the magnitude of the transmission torque.

In the embodiment, the planet shaft is divided into four sections, the first shaft section is an outer knurled section, the outer knurled section is in interference fit with the first mounting hole of the planet carrier, the outer knurled section is in interference fit with the first mounting hole through outer knurling, inner knurling matched with the outer knurling is extruded on the first mounting hole of the planet carrier through the outer knurling, the inner knurling and the outer knurling are inlaid in a concave-convex mode, the planet shaft can be prevented from rotating around the axis of the planet shaft under the action of external rotating force after being mounted, and the planet shaft is prevented from moving along the axis of the planet shaft under the action of external axial force, so that the conditions that the planet shaft is abraded and loosened are avoided; the inner walls of the first shaft section, the second shaft section, the third shaft section and the first mounting hole enclose a scrap accommodating space for accommodating scraps, when the planetary shaft is mounted in the first mounting hole, matched inner knurling is extruded on the inner wall of the first mounting hole, the inner wall of the first mounting hole is cut in the process to form cutting scrap iron, in order to prevent the scrap iron from obstructing the mounting of the planetary shaft and the scrap iron from entering the planetary reducer to influence the operation of the reducer, the scrap accommodating space for storing the scrap iron is arranged, the scrap iron can be stored in the closed space formed by the inner walls of the first shaft section, the second shaft section, the third shaft section and the first mounting hole, the scrap iron is prevented from obstructing the mounting of the planetary shaft, and the scrap iron is stored in the closed space without influencing the operation of the reducer; the third shaft section is an installation action section, the planet shaft is mainly used for installing a planet gear, and the planet gear and the planet carrier are connected together through the planet bearing to transmit power between the planet gear and the planet carrier; the fourth shaft section is a guide section, when the outer circle of the planet shaft is installed and enters the first installation hole and the second installation hole of the planet carrier, the installation process of the planet shaft is ensured to be smooth through the taper of the guide section, and the installation direction of the planet shaft is parallel to the axis of the installation hole; after the planet shaft is installed into the planet carrier and reaches a working position, 4 points are evenly riveted and punched along the circumference of the excircle near the excircle of the end surface of the planet carrier close to the planet shaft, so that the interference fit between the planet shaft and the first installation hole is further realized, the axial movement of the planet shaft along the axis and the rotary movement around the axis are further prevented, and the condition that the planet shaft breaks out of the installation hole of the planet carrier to cause failure is avoided.

In this embodiment, the engineering machine is a tower crane, a rotary drilling rig, a crawler crane, an excavator or the like.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

set up outer annular knurl on the planet axle, inlay the first mounting hole that gets into the planet carrier through outer annular knurl interference, effectively prevent the rotary motion and the axial motion of planet axle, simple structure, it is with low costs, do not need other parts to assist fixedly, punch through the riveting towards the region of planet carrier and rivet, further restrict the rotary motion and the axial motion of planet axle, can effectually fix the planet axle on the planet carrier, promote the life of speed reducer.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A planet carrier, characterized in that it has a first mounting hole for mounting one end of a planet shaft (10), the inner wall of the first mounting hole being formed with inner knurls which are interference fit with the outer knurls (111) of the planet shaft (10) to limit the rotational and axial movement of the planet shaft (10).

2. The planet carrier according to claim 1, wherein the planet carrier is provided with at least one impact area (211) on a portion close to the first mounting hole, and after the planet shaft (10) and the planet carrier are assembled, an impact force is applied to the impact area (211) to deform the portion of the planet carrier close to the first mounting hole outwards so as to limit the rotational movement and the axial movement of the planet shaft (10).

3. Planet carrier according to claim 2, characterised in that when there are a plurality of impact areas (211), the plurality of impact areas (211) are evenly distributed around the first mounting hole.

4. Planet carrier according to claim 1, characterised in that the inner wall of the first mounting hole is a smooth inner wall before the assembly of the planet shaft (10) and the planet carrier.

5. Planet carrier according to claim 1, characterised in that the outer knurl (111) and the inner knurl are both straight knurls.

6. Planet carrier according to claim 1, characterised in that it also has a second mounting hole for mounting the other end of the planet shaft (10).

7. The planet carrier according to claim 6, wherein the planet carrier comprises a first side plate (21) and a second side plate (22) which are oppositely arranged, and a connecting plate (23) which connects the first side plate (21) and the second side plate (22), the first mounting hole is arranged on the first side plate (21), the second mounting hole is arranged on the second side plate (22), and a mounting space for mounting a planetary gear (30) is formed between the first side plate (21) and the second side plate (22).

8. A planetary reducer, comprising: the planet carrier of any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A work machine, comprising: the planetary reducer of claim 8.

10. The engineering machine of claim 9, wherein the engineering machine is a tower crane, a rotary drilling rig, a crawler crane, or an excavator.