CN112720248A - Efficient polishing disc with shear expansion characteristic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Efficient polishing disc with shear expansion characteristic and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112720248A
CN112720248A CN202011487724.5A CN202011487724A CN112720248A CN 112720248 A CN112720248 A CN 112720248A CN 202011487724 A CN202011487724 A CN 202011487724A CN 112720248 A CN112720248 A CN 112720248A
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layer
polishing
fiber
rigid
newtonian fluid
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CN112720248B (en
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陈泓谕
许良
吕冰海
王国强
李鹏
徐绍振
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
    • B24B37/11—Lapping tools
    • B24B37/12—Lapping plates for working plane surfaces
    • B24B37/14—Lapping plates for working plane surfaces characterised by the composition or properties of the plate materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
    • B24B37/11—Lapping tools
    • B24B37/12—Lapping plates for working plane surfaces
    • B24B37/16—Lapping plates for working plane surfaces characterised by the shape of the lapping plate surface, e.g. grooved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B24D18/0009—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using moulds or presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/20—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially organic
    • B24D3/28—Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/20—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially organic
    • B24D3/28—Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • B24D3/32—Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds for porous or cellular structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
    • B24D3/342—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties incorporated in the bonding agent
    • B24D3/344—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties incorporated in the bonding agent the bonding agent being organic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C08K5/41—Compounds containing sulfur bound to oxygen
    • C08K5/42—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Abstract

A high efficiency polishing disk having shear expansion properties comprising a flexible fixed abrasive article comprised of a viscoelastic gum base having non-newtonian fluid properties and abrasive particles, a polishing layer, a rigid layer, an adhesive layer, and an absorbent layer, the flexible fixed abrasive article comprising, in weight percent: 69-85% of viscoelastic polymer, 10-30% of abrasive particles with the granularity of 0.05-50 mu m and 1-5% of dispersing agent; the polishing device comprises a polishing layer, a rigid layer, a bonding layer, an adsorption layer and a polishing equipment base plate, wherein the polishing layer is filled with a flexible fixing abrasive tool, the rigid layer is arranged below the polishing layer, the bonding layer is arranged between the polishing layer and the rigid layer and bonds the polishing layer and the rigid layer together, the adsorption layer is bonded on the bottom surface of the rigid layer, and the adsorption layer is adsorbed on the polishing equipment base plate. And a method for preparing a high-efficiency polishing disk with shear expansion characteristics. The invention can be used for plane polishing of hard and brittle materials which are difficult to process, and has the advantages of high processing efficiency, good processing quality, low economic cost and the like.

Description

Efficient polishing disc with shear expansion characteristic and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ultra-precision polishing, in particular to a polishing disk and a preparation method thereof, and specifically relates to a high-efficiency polishing disk with a shear expansion characteristic and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The polishing disc can be used for polishing the surface of a material, is various in types, mainly comprises a cast iron disc, a stainless steel polishing disc, a flannelette polishing disc, a pure iron polishing disc and the like, and can be selected according to different hardness of a polished workpiece.
At present, hard and brittle materials which are difficult to process, such as ceramic materials, hard alloys, refractory metals and the like, are widely applied to the fields of aerospace, semiconductors, vehicle parts and the like. Under the conditions of severe friction, high temperature and high pressure, parts with large roughness are easy to wear, the service life of the material is seriously shortened, the surface quality and the smoothness of the material can be improved through polishing, and the mechanical property is improved. However, the hard and brittle materials which are difficult to process are processed by the existing polishing disk, and the problems of poor surface flatness, low efficiency, large processing damage layer and the like generally occur.
The invention discloses a Chinese invention patent (CN 101428404A), the patent name: a fixed abrasive grinding and polishing pad and a preparation method thereof adopt a pattern transfer method to prepare a polishing disk. The polishing disc has stable grinding and polishing performance, higher efficiency and wide applicable range of processing materials. But the preparation process is complex, the surface flatness of the polished workpiece is poor, and the processing damage layer is large.
Granted chinese invention patent (CN 108747869B), patent name: a polishing disk for polishing ceramic products is disclosed. The polishing disk can obviously reduce the roughness and improve the polishing efficiency when used for polishing hard and brittle materials such as ceramics, quartz and the like. But the range of applicable processing materials is small, and the problem of poor surface flatness of the polished workpiece exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-efficiency polishing disk with shear expansion characteristics and a preparation method thereof. In the polishing process, a contact area between the grinding tool with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic and the workpiece is subjected to a shearing expansion effect under the action of a shearing force, so that an instant expansion ejection phenomenon and a curing effect are presented, the viscosity, the hardness and the internal resistance of the grinding tool material are increased, the holding effect on abrasive particles is enhanced, the stress uniformity of the surface of the workpiece is improved, and the abrasive particles with the polishing effect in the grinding tool have a micro-cutting effect on the surface of the workpiece to remove the workpiece material and achieve the polishing effect. The polishing disc aims to improve the processing efficiency and guarantee the processing precision, can reduce the material surface deterioration layer, and has wide applicable processing material range and lower processing cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a high efficiency polishing disk having shear expansion properties comprising a flexible fixed abrasive article comprised of a viscoelastic gum base having non-newtonian fluid properties and abrasive particles, a polishing layer, a rigid layer, an adhesive layer, and an absorbent layer, the flexible fixed abrasive article comprising, in weight percent: 69-85% of viscoelastic polymer, 10-30% of abrasive particles with the granularity of 0.05-50 mu m and 1-5% of dispersing agent; the polishing device comprises a polishing layer, a rigid layer, a bonding layer, an adsorption layer and a polishing equipment base plate, wherein the polishing layer is filled with a flexible fixing abrasive tool, the rigid layer is arranged below the polishing layer, the bonding layer is arranged between the polishing layer and the rigid layer and bonds the polishing layer and the rigid layer together, the adsorption layer is bonded on the bottom surface of the rigid layer, and the adsorption layer is adsorbed on the polishing equipment base plate.
Further, the polishing layer is one of: a substrate having grooves and a polishing layer composed of a material having non-Newtonian fluid characteristics filled in the grooves; a fibrous substrate in sheet form and a polishing layer of a material having non-Newtonian fluid properties immersed in the fibrous substrate.
Preferably, the substrate with the groove is composed of an adhesive and a curing agent, and the components and the mass percentages of the components of the substrate with the groove are as follows: 50-90% of adhesive and 10-50% of curing agent.
Still preferably, the upper surface of the substrate having the grooves is scribed with grooves, and the grooves are in a grid shape or a spiral shape to discharge deionized water and workpiece scraps.
Still further, the viscoelastic polymer is a silicon boron polymer, and the dispersant is an inorganic dispersant, an organic dispersant or a mixture of the organic dispersant and the inorganic dispersant; the inorganic dispersant is carbonate and alkali metal phosphate; the organic dispersing agent is polyvinyl alcohol and derivatives thereof, methyl amyl alcohol or polyacrylamide.
The adhesive is one or a mixture of at least two of the following materials: silicone, polyurethane, epoxy, and the like.
The abrasive particles are one or a mixture of at least two of the following: diamond, alumina, magnesia, ceria, cubic boron nitride, boron carbide, silicon carbide, ceria, silicon oxide, and the like.
The flaky fiber base material is one or a mixture of at least two of the following materials: natural fibers, synthetic fibers, artificial fibers; the natural fiber is cotton fiber, hemp fiber, wool fiber or silk and the like; the synthetic fiber is polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, polyvinyl formal fiber, polyvinyl chloride fiber, polyurethane elastic fiber or polyolefin elastic fiber, etc.; the artificial fiber is regenerated cellulose fiber, cellulose ester fiber or regenerated protein fiber, etc.
The adhesive layer is one or a mixture of at least two of the following materials: natural polymers, synthetic resins, rubbers, and the like; specifically, the adhesive can be an adhesive or a double-sided adhesive tape.
The rigid layer is a rigid polymer; the adsorption layer is a viscous magnetic sticker or a double-sided adhesive tape and is attached to the lower surface of the rigid layer.
A preparation method of a high-efficiency polishing disk with shear expansion characteristics comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of a material with non-Newtonian fluid characteristics: fully and mechanically stirring the viscoelastic polymer, the abrasive particles, the dispersing agent and the like uniformly according to the proportion, wherein the mass percentage of the viscoelastic polymer, the abrasive particles and the dispersing agent is as follows: 69% -85% of viscoelastic polymer, 10% -30% of abrasive particles with the particle size of 0.05-50 mu m and 1% -5% of dispersing agent, and standing the mixture in an oven for 2-5 hours at the temperature of 120-200 ℃ to prepare the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic.
2) A polishing layer is prepared. The method comprises the following steps: the adhesive and the curing agent are fully and mechanically stirred uniformly according to the proportion and then put into a die, wherein the mass percentage is as follows: 50% -90% of adhesive and 10% -50% of curing agent, heating in an oven, cooling to obtain a base plate with a groove, and filling the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic into the base plate to obtain a polishing layer; the second method comprises the following steps: heating and melting the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic in an oven, filling the material into a flaky fiber base material, and cooling to obtain a polishing layer;
3) taking a rigid polymer as a rigid layer, and adhering and attaching the rigid polymer to the polishing layer through an adhesive layer;
4) bonding the absorbent layer to the rigid layer;
5) and removing the part of the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic higher than the substrate through the low-speed repair disc to ensure that the height of the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic is consistent with that of the substrate.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. the method belongs to flexible processing, the processing contact area is large, and the removal uniformity is good; 2. the preparation process is simple, the cost is low, and the range of the machinable materials is wide;
3. the polishing disc does not need to be replaced, multistage controllability of the polishing process can be realized by adjusting the polishing pressure and the polishing linear speed, time is saved, and the polishing efficiency is improved; 4. the required processing equipment has simple integral structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a polishing pad I according to the principles of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a workpiece being processed using the polishing pad i.
Figure 3 is a schematic view of another compact polishing disk ii for processing workpieces according to the principles of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a high-efficiency polishing disk with shear expansion characteristics comprises a flexible fixed abrasive tool 1, a polishing layer 2, a rigid layer 4, an adhesive layer 3 and an adsorption layer 5, wherein the flexible fixed abrasive tool 1 consists of a viscoelastic gum base with non-newtonian fluid characteristics and abrasive particles, and the flexible fixed abrasive tool 1 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 69-85% of viscoelastic polymer, 10-30% of abrasive particles with the granularity of 0.05-50 mu m and 1-5% of dispersing agent; the polishing device is characterized in that a flexible fixed abrasive tool 1 is filled in the polishing layer 2, the rigid layer 4 is positioned below the polishing layer 2, the bonding layer 3 is positioned between the polishing layer 2 and the rigid layer 4 and bonds the polishing layer and the rigid layer together, the adsorption layer 5 is bonded on the bottom surface of the rigid layer 4, and the adsorption layer 5 is adsorbed on a polishing device base plate.
The preparation method of the high-efficiency polishing disk with the shear expansion characteristic comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of a material with non-Newtonian fluid characteristics: fully and mechanically stirring the viscoelastic polymer, the abrasive particles 7, the dispersing agent 8 and the like uniformly according to the proportion, wherein the mass percentage of the viscoelastic polymer is as follows: 69% -85% of viscoelastic polymer, 10% -30% of abrasive particles with the particle size of 0.05-50 mu m and 1% -5% of dispersing agent, and standing the mixture in an oven for 2-5 hours at the temperature of 120-200 ℃ to prepare a material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic;
2) the polishing layer 2 is prepared. The method comprises the following steps: mechanically stirring the components such as the adhesive, the curing agent and the like according to a certain proportion, putting the mixture into a mold, heating the mixture in an oven, cooling the mixture to obtain a base plate with a groove, and filling the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic into the base plate to obtain a polishing layer 2; the second method comprises the following steps: heating and melting the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic in an oven, filling the material into a flaky fiber base material, and cooling to obtain a polishing layer 2;
3) a rigid polymer is used as a rigid layer 4 and is adhered to the polishing layer 2 through an adhesive layer 3;
4) bonding the adhesive magnetic sticker 5 with the rigid layer 4;
5) and removing the part of the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic higher than the substrate through the low-speed repair disc to ensure that the height of the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic is consistent with that of the substrate.
The material with non-Newtonian fluid characteristics comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 69-85% of viscoelastic polymer, 10-30% of abrasive particles with the granularity of 0.05-50 mu m and 1-5% of dispersing agent.
The viscoelastic polymer is a silicon boron polymer, and the dispersant is an inorganic dispersant, an organic dispersant or a mixture of the organic dispersant and the inorganic dispersant. The inorganic dispersant is carbonate and alkali metal phosphate. The organic dispersing agent is polyvinyl alcohol and derivatives thereof, methyl amyl alcohol or polyacrylamide.
The abrasive particles 7 are one or a mixture of at least two of the following: diamond, alumina, magnesia, ceria, cubic boron nitride, boron carbide, silicon carbide, ceria, silicon oxide, and the like.
The flaky fiber base material is one or a mixture of at least two of the following materials: natural fibers, synthetic fibers, and man-made fibers. The natural fiber is cotton fiber, hemp fiber, wool fiber or silk. The synthetic fiber is polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, polyvinyl formal fiber, polyvinyl chloride fiber, polyurethane elastic fiber or polyolefin elastic fiber. The artificial fiber is regenerated cellulose fiber, cellulose ester fiber or regenerated protein fiber, etc.
The adhesive layer 3 is one or a mixture of at least two of the following: natural polymers, synthetic resins, rubbers, and the like. The polishing layer 2 and the rigid layer 4 are adhered by the adhesive or double-sided tape.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the substrate with the groove, which comprises the following steps:
1) the adhesive accounting for 50 percent to 90 percent of the proportion and the curing agent accounting for 10 percent to 50 percent of the proportion are evenly mixed to form a viscous mixture.
2) And (3) filling the viscous mixture into a mold, heating and pressurizing under a hot press, and standing for 24 hours to obtain an embryo body.
3) And putting the blank body and the mould into an oven, and heating and drying at 120 ℃ to fully solidify the blank body.
4) The prepared blank is placed on a grinder and the upper surface thereof is trimmed until excellent flatness is achieved.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a high-efficiency polishing disk with shear expansion characteristics comprises a polishing layer 2, a rigid layer 4 and an adsorption layer 5, and a preparation method of the high-efficiency polishing disk comprises the following steps:
1) after 85g of viscoelastic polymer, 10g of diamond abrasive particles 7 with the particle size of 1.5 mu m and 5g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 8 are fully and mechanically stirred uniformly, the mixture is heated for 2 hours in an oven at the temperature of 120 ℃ to prepare a material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic;
2) uniformly mixing 90% of polyurethane bonding agent and 10% of curing agent to form a viscous mixture, filling the viscous mixture into a mold, heating and pressurizing under a hot press, and standing for 24h to obtain a blank. And putting the blank body and the mould into an oven, and heating and drying for 2h at 120 ℃ to fully cure the blank body into the required substrate. The substrate is placed on a grinder and its upper surface is conditioned so as to achieve excellent flatness. Filling the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic prepared in the step 1) into a substrate to obtain a polishing layer 2;
3) a rigid polymer is selected as the rigid layer 4, which is bonded to the polishing layer 2 by a resin bonding agent 3.
4) The adsorption layer 5 (adhesive magnetic sticker) was bonded to the rigid layer 4.
5) And removing the part of the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic higher than the substrate through the low-speed repair disc, and ensuring that the height of the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic is consistent with that of the substrate.
And placing the workpiece 6 on the upper surface of the polishing disk, and applying proper pressure F through a pressurizing device to enable the workpiece 6 to be tightly attached to the polishing disk.
Under the drive of the driving device, the workpiece 6 and the polishing disc move relatively, so that the efficient and high-quality polishing of the surface of the workpiece 6 is realized.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 3, a high-efficiency polishing disk with shear expansion characteristics comprises a polishing layer 2, a rigid layer 4 and an adsorption layer 5, and the preparation method of the high-efficiency polishing disk comprises the following steps:
1) 78g of viscoelastic polymer, 20g of alumina abrasive particles 7 with the particle size of 1.5 mu m and 2g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 8 are fully and mechanically stirred uniformly, and then heated for 3 hours in an oven at 150 ℃ to prepare the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic in a molten state.
2) Preparing a piece of non-woven fabric, uniformly filling the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic in the molten state in the step 1) in the non-woven fabric, and cooling to obtain a polishing layer 2;
3) selecting a rigid polymer as a rigid layer 4, and bonding the rigid polymer with the polishing layer through a resin bonding agent 3;
4) attaching the polishing disc to the polishing tool through the double-sided adhesive tape 5;
placing the polishing disc on the upper surface of the workpiece 6, and applying proper pressure F through a polishing tool to enable the polishing disc to be tightly attached to the workpiece 6;
under the drive of the driving device, the polishing disc and the workpiece 6 move relatively, so that the efficient and high-quality polishing of the surface of the workpiece 6 is realized.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a high-efficiency polishing disk with shear expansion characteristics comprises a polishing layer 2, a rigid layer 4 and an adsorption layer 5, and a preparation method of the high-efficiency polishing disk comprises the following steps:
1) fully and mechanically stirring 72g of viscoelastic polymer, 25g of alumina abrasive particles 7 with the particle size of 1.5 mu m and 3g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 8 uniformly, and heating for 4 hours in an oven at 160 ℃ to prepare a material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic;
2) uniformly mixing 70% of epoxy resin bonding agent and 30% of curing agent to form a viscous mixture, filling the viscous mixture into a mold, heating and pressurizing under a hot press, and standing for 24h to obtain a blank. And putting the blank body and the mould into an oven, and heating and drying for 2h at 120 ℃ to fully cure the blank body into the required substrate. The substrate is placed on a grinder and its upper surface is conditioned so as to achieve excellent flatness. Filling the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic prepared in the step 1) into a substrate to obtain a polishing layer 2;
3) a rigid polymer is selected as the rigid layer 4, which is bonded to the polishing layer 2 by a resin bonding agent 3.
4) The adsorption layer 5 (adhesive magnetic sticker) was bonded to the rigid layer 4.
5) And removing the part of the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic higher than the substrate through the low-speed repair disc, and ensuring that the height of the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic is consistent with that of the substrate.
And placing the workpiece 6 on the upper surface of the polishing disk, and applying proper pressure F through a pressurizing device to enable the workpiece 6 to be tightly attached to the polishing disk.
Under the drive of the driving device, the workpiece 6 and the polishing disc move relatively, so that the efficient and high-quality polishing of the surface of the workpiece 6 is realized.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a high-efficiency polishing disk with shear expansion characteristics comprises a polishing layer 2, a rigid layer 4 and an adsorption layer 5, and a preparation method of the high-efficiency polishing disk comprises the following steps:
1) after 69g of viscoelastic polymer, 30g of diamond abrasive particles 7 with the particle size of 1.5 mu m and 1g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 8 are fully and mechanically stirred uniformly, heating the mixture for 5 hours in an oven at the temperature of 200 ℃ to prepare a material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic;
2) uniformly mixing 50% of organosilicon binder and 50% of curing agent to form a viscous mixture, filling the viscous mixture into a mold, heating and pressurizing under a hot press, and standing for 24h to obtain a blank. And putting the blank body and the mould into an oven, and heating and drying for 2h at 120 ℃ to fully cure the blank body into the required substrate. The substrate is placed on a grinder and its upper surface is conditioned so as to achieve excellent flatness. Filling the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic prepared in the step 1) into a substrate to obtain a polishing layer 2;
3) a rigid polymer is selected as the rigid layer 4, which is bonded to the polishing layer 2 by a resin bonding agent 3.
4) The adsorption layer 5 (adhesive magnetic sticker) was bonded to the rigid layer 4.
5) And removing the part of the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic higher than the substrate through the low-speed repair disc, and ensuring that the height of the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic is consistent with that of the substrate.
And placing the workpiece 6 on the upper surface of the polishing disk, and applying proper pressure F through a pressurizing device to enable the workpiece 6 to be tightly attached to the polishing disk.
Under the drive of the driving device, the workpiece 6 and the polishing disc move relatively, so that the efficient and high-quality polishing of the surface of the workpiece 6 is realized.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concepts, which are intended for purposes of illustration only. The scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the particular forms set forth in the examples, but rather as being defined by the claims and the equivalents thereof which can occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.

Claims (10)

1. A high efficiency polishing disk having shear expansion properties, comprising a flexible fixed abrasive article comprised of a viscoelastic gum base having non-newtonian fluid properties and abrasive particles, a polishing layer, a rigid layer, an adhesive layer, and an absorbent layer, the flexible fixed abrasive article comprising, in weight percent: 69-85% of viscoelastic polymer, 10-30% of abrasive particles with the granularity of 0.05-50 mu m and 1-5% of dispersing agent; the polishing device comprises a polishing layer, a rigid layer, a bonding layer, an adsorption layer and a polishing equipment base plate, wherein the polishing layer is filled with a flexible fixing abrasive tool, the rigid layer is arranged below the polishing layer, the bonding layer is arranged between the polishing layer and the rigid layer and bonds the polishing layer and the rigid layer together, the adsorption layer is bonded on the bottom surface of the rigid layer, and the adsorption layer is adsorbed on the polishing equipment base plate.
2. A high efficiency polishing disk having shear expansion characteristics as recited in claim 1, wherein said polishing layer is one of: a substrate having grooves and a polishing layer composed of a material having non-Newtonian fluid characteristics filled in the grooves; a fibrous substrate in sheet form and a polishing layer of a material having non-Newtonian fluid properties immersed in the fibrous substrate.
3. A high efficiency polishing disk having shear expansion characteristics as recited in claim 2, wherein said grooved substrate is comprised of an adhesive, a curing agent, and wherein said grooved substrate is comprised of the following components in mass percent: 50-90% of adhesive and 10-50% of curing agent.
4. A high efficiency polishing disk having shear expansion characteristics as set forth in claim 1, wherein said grooved base has grooves on its upper surface, said grooves being in the form of a grid or a spiral.
5. A high efficiency polishing disk having shear-expansion characteristics as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein said viscoelastic polymer is a borosilicate polymer and said dispersant is an inorganic dispersant, an organic dispersant or a mixture of an organic dispersant and an inorganic dispersant; the inorganic dispersant is carbonate and alkali metal phosphate; the organic dispersing agent is polyvinyl alcohol and derivatives thereof, methyl amyl alcohol or polyacrylamide.
6. A high efficiency polishing pad having shear-expansion properties as recited in claim 3, wherein said adhesive is one or a mixture of at least two of: silicone, polyurethane, epoxy.
7. A high efficiency polishing disk having shear expansion characteristics as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein said abrasive particles are one or a mixture of at least two of: diamond, alumina, magnesia, ceria, cubic boron nitride, boron carbide, silicon carbide, ceria, and silica.
8. A high efficiency polishing disk having shear expansion characteristics as recited in claim 2, wherein said fibrous sheet-like substrate is one or a mixture of at least two of: natural fibers, synthetic fibers, artificial fibers; the natural fiber is cotton fiber, hemp fiber, wool fiber or silk and the like; the synthetic fiber is polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, polyvinyl formal fiber, polyvinyl chloride fiber, polyurethane elastic fiber or polyolefin elastic fiber, etc.; the artificial fiber is regenerated cellulose fiber, cellulose ester fiber or regenerated protein fiber, etc.
9. The high efficiency polishing disk with shear expansion characteristics according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the adhesive layer is one or a mixture of at least two of: natural polymers, synthetic resins, rubbers;
the rigid layer is a rigid polymer; the adsorption layer is a viscous magnetic sticker or a double-sided adhesive tape and is attached to the lower surface of the rigid layer.
10. A method of making a high efficiency polishing disk having shear expansion characteristics as recited in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) preparation of a material with non-Newtonian fluid characteristics: fully and mechanically stirring the viscoelastic polymer, the abrasive particles, the dispersing agent and the like uniformly according to the proportion, wherein the mass percentage of the viscoelastic polymer, the abrasive particles and the dispersing agent is as follows: 69% -85% of viscoelastic polymer, 10% -30% of abrasive particles with the particle size of 0.05-50 mu m and 1% -5% of dispersing agent, and standing the mixture in an oven at 120-200 ℃ for 2-5 h to obtain the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic.
2) Preparing a polishing layer; the method comprises the following steps: the adhesive and the curing agent are fully and mechanically stirred uniformly according to the proportion and then put into a die, wherein the mass percentage is as follows: 50% -90% of adhesive and 10% -50% of curing agent, heating in an oven, cooling to obtain a base plate with a groove, and filling the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic into the base plate to obtain a polishing layer; the second method comprises the following steps: heating and melting the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic in an oven, filling the material into a flaky fiber base material, and cooling to obtain a polishing layer;
3) taking a rigid polymer as a rigid layer, and adhering and attaching the rigid polymer to the polishing layer through an adhesive layer;
4) bonding the absorbent layer to the rigid layer;
5) and removing the part of the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic higher than the substrate through the low-speed repair disc to ensure that the height of the material with the non-Newtonian fluid characteristic is consistent with that of the substrate.
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