CN112695908A - 渗透型a级防火保温板及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
渗透型a级防火保温板及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112695908A CN112695908A CN202011453997.8A CN202011453997A CN112695908A CN 112695908 A CN112695908 A CN 112695908A CN 202011453997 A CN202011453997 A CN 202011453997A CN 112695908 A CN112695908 A CN 112695908A
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- permeable
- insulation board
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium formate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O CBOCVOKPQGJKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004281 calcium formate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940044172 calcium formate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019255 calcium formate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WPJGWJITSIEFRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 WPJGWJITSIEFRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfamate Chemical compound NS([O-])(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-aminoazetidine-1-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC(N)C1 RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000500881 Lepisma Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N N-[[(5S)-2-oxo-3-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)-1,3-oxazolidin-5-yl]methyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C1O[C@H](CN1C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GARPJQVATFLXFO-UHFFFAOYSA-L S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].[Mg+2].[O-2].[Mg+2] Chemical compound S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].[Mg+2].[O-2].[Mg+2] GARPJQVATFLXFO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PXQPYSJHFKRUAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Cl-].[Mg+2].[O-2].[Mg+2] Chemical compound [Cl-].[Mg+2].[O-2].[Mg+2] PXQPYSJHFKRUAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 phenolic aldehyde Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
- E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
- E04B1/942—Building elements specially adapted therefor slab-shaped
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/021—Ash cements, e.g. fly ash cements ; Cements based on incineration residues, e.g. alkali-activated slags from waste incineration ; Kiln dust cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/08—Slag cements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/072—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of specially adapted, structured or shaped covering or lining elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提出了一种渗透型A级防火保温板及其制备方法和应用。本发明的渗透型A级防火保温板,包括有机渗透基板和无机渗透浆料,所述有机渗透基板内部为三维网状结构,所述无机渗透浆料分布在所述三维网状结构空隙中。本发明的渗透型A级防火保温板,将无机渗透料浆渗透到有机渗透基板的空隙中,形成连续的无机“网状”结构,有效的从微观结构上实现了无机材料与有机材料的完美结合,从而得到了低导热系数、高强度抗压的A级防火保温板,具有低导热系数、高抗压强度和很好的保温、防水、防火功能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种渗透型A级防火保温板及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
长期以来,建筑外墙外保温材料的防火等级与保温效果一直是一对尖锐的矛盾关系。有机材料如膨胀聚苯板(EPS)、膨胀挤塑板(XPS)、聚氨酯保温材料(PU)、酚醛保温材料(PF)等导热系数0.024~0.041W/m·k,但防火性能为B1、B2级。无机保温材料如岩棉虽然具有良好的保温效果,但是遇水浸泡后塌软变形,尺寸变形大,抗拉强度低;发泡水泥保温板、发泡玻璃、发泡陶瓷防火性能为A1级,但是密度高160Kg~250Kg/m3,导热系数高0.055~0.065W/m·K,很难满足国家“七五”节能甚至“九五”节能标准的政策要求。热固复合保温板(JG/T536-2017《热固复合聚苯乙烯泡沫保温板》)是采用水泥、EPS颗粒、减水剂、发泡剂、防水剂、掺合料与水共同搅拌后采用压制或者浇筑的方法硬化后形成胚体,通过切割形成的A级防火的保温板材。
专利201710236119.2提供了一种阻燃性硅质板,将二氧化硅粉末30~40份、纤维5~10份、白水泥20~40份、重钙10~20份、水10~15份、早强剂1~5份,投进反应釜,以转速2000~3000rad/min转速,搅拌10~15min,形成无机阻燃料浆;再按照无机阻燃料浆:聚苯颗粒=2:1~4:1的比例搅拌10~15min,将混合好的原料倒入预制的模具中,以0.3~0.5MPa挤压模具,大约1~1.5h固化成型。脱模、阴干、检验、打包入库。其性能为吸水率8~10%,导热系数0.03~0.033W/m·k,燃烧性能A1级,压缩强度150~180KPa。
专利201910651563.X公开了一种复合聚苯乙烯材料及其制备方法,通过普通水泥20~30份、无机掺和粉50~70份、纳米二氧化硅2~5份、无机晶须2~3份、纳米复合发泡剂0.5~5份、粘接添加剂0.3~9份。增强母料和保温粉料与聚苯颗粒加水混合后形成的纳米微孔浆体,保温粉料的粒径再150nm以下;纳米微孔浆体:聚苯颗粒=1:1.5~3体积比,按照一定角度刮平,硬化后切割成保温板材。降低了材料的导热系数同时提高了材料的防火性能,其性能为0.038~0.050W/m·k,抗压强度0.2~0.3MPa,抗折强度0.2~0.24MPa,防火性能A级。
专利201911003507.1提出了一种保温渗透板的生产工艺及保温渗透板,将EPS颗粒进行干燥处理,通过发泡机再0.45MPa压力下发泡,通入80~90℃蒸汽,再将原料进行熟化,使泡沫重新膨胀起来,熟化时间为20~30小时;然后打入0.7-0.8MPa蒸汽压力,最后进行60~70℃烘干,形成的耐高温的板材。
专利201710236119.2公开的一种阻燃性硅质板中采用的压制型的热固保温板颗粒用量大,不能满足A级防火中热值的要求;压制30%~50%产生的预应力板材切割后逐步释放,板材自身收缩变形较大,粘贴在墙体上,造成空鼓,开裂甚至有脱落的危险。
专利201910651563.X公开的复合聚苯乙烯材料及其制备方法,采用的浇筑型热固保温板是采用发泡或者表面活性剂产生大量的泡沫,用水泥发泡料浆对聚苯颗粒进行完全包裹,达到增大体积、胶结粘合的目的;但是泡沫浆体本身吸水率高、强度低,变形大、干湿循环、冻融循环后破坏严重,产品质量很难把控。
专利201911003507.1公开了一种保温渗透板的生产工艺及保温渗透板,从EPS板材的制作工艺和形成板材上提供了渗透的方法和工艺,提高了板材的耐高温和抗冻性能,并没有从根本上完全解决板材的燃烧性能和导热系数以及综合强度问题。同时,市场上也有部分采用氧化镁—氯化镁,氧化镁—硫酸镁体系进行渗透复合的做法,但是镁质材料遇水后返卤变形、翘曲、开裂、变软,一旦上墙作为外墙保温材料使用,后患无穷。
因此,亟待研究一种同时具有很好防火、防水功能和保温功能的保温板。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题,本发明提出了一种具有低导热系数、高抗压强度和很好的保温、防水、防火功能的渗透型A级防火保温板。
第一方面,本发明提出了一种渗透型A级防火保温板,包括有机渗透基板和无机渗透浆料,所述有机渗透基板内部为三维网状结构,所述无机渗透浆料分布在所述三维网状结构空隙中。
优选地,所述有机渗透基板的密度为8kg/m3-15 kg/m3,例如8kg/m3,10kg/m3,12kg/m3,15kg/m3及其任意组合的范围。
更优选地,所述有机渗透基板的空隙率为10%-20%,例如10%,12%,15%,17%,20%及其任意组合的范围。
本发明的渗透型A级防火保温板,将无机渗透料浆渗透到有机渗透基板的空隙中,形成连续的无机“网状”结构,有效的从微观结构上实现了无机材料与有机材料的完美结合,从而得到了低导热系数、高强度抗压的A级防火保温板,具有低导热系数、高抗压强度和很好的保温、防水、防火功能。
作为本发明的具体实施方式,所述有机渗透基板为聚苯乙烯泡沫。
作为本发明的具体实施方式,所述渗透型A级防火保温板的导热系数为0.042W/m·k-0.045W/m·k,例如0.042W/m·k,0.043W/m·k,0.044W/m·k,0.045W/m·k及其任意组合的范围。
优选地,所述渗透型A级防火保温板的抗压强度为0.25MPa-0.4MPa。
作为本发明的具体实施方式,所述的渗透型A级防火保温板,所述无机渗透浆料包括如下重量份数的原料:水泥20份-60份、矿物掺合料40份-70份、水化硅酸钙晶须2份-5份、减水剂0.1份-0.5份、纤维素0.05份-0.2份、乳胶粉1份-4份、消泡剂0.02份-0.3份、早强剂0.5份-2份和防水剂0.1份-0.4份。
水化硅酸钙晶须(C-S-H)粉体能降低水泥的水化热总量和成核势垒,并使其水化放热峰提前;C-S-H粉体在水泥水化反应过程中主要起晶种作用;在一定C-S-H粉体掺量范围(例如2份-5份)内,水泥水化过程符合结晶成核与晶体生长的规律,因而板材机械强度高,导热系数低。
作为本发明的具体实施方式,所述的渗透型A级防火保温板,所述水化硅酸钙晶须的粒径为50nm-100nm。
作为本发明的具体实施方式,所述的渗透型A级防火保温板,所述水泥至少选自硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰水泥、矿渣水泥和火山灰水泥中的一种;和/或,所述矿物掺合料至少选自硅灰、矿粉和粉煤灰中的一种;和/或,所述减水剂至少选自聚羧酸、三聚氰胺、萘系减水剂、氨基磺酸盐和密胺类减水剂中的一种;和/或,所述纤维素至少选自甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙甲基纤维素和羧甲基纤维素中的一种;和/或,所述乳胶粉至少选自乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸、乳化沥青、聚乙烯醇、聚苯乙烯及其有机乳液中的一种;和/或,所述消泡剂至少选自有机硅消泡剂、矿物油消泡剂、磷酸三丁酯和聚醚消泡剂中的一种;和/或,所述早强剂至少选自硫酸钠、硫代硫酸钠、氯化钙、甲酸钙、三乙醇胺、碳酸锂和硫酸锂中的一种;和/或,所述防水剂至少选自硬脂酸盐、有机硅、三氯化铁和硫酸铝中的一种。
本发明的上述原料均可以自制,也可以商购获得,本发明对此不作特别限定。
第二方面,本发明提出了所述渗透型A级防火保温板的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
将所述无机渗透浆料的原料与水混合,制备得到无机渗透浆料,将所述无机渗透浆料在负压下渗透至所述有机渗透基板的空隙中,得到渗透型A级防火保温板;
优选地,渗透时在所述有机渗透基板下部施加负压进行吸附。
更优选地,负压为0.05MPa~0.3MPa,例如-0.3MPa,-0.2MPa,-0.1MPa及其任意组合的范围。
本发明采用无机渗透浆料的高流态,在有机基板底部负压进行吸附,透过有机基板底部的无机渗透浆料可以流回搅拌机循环后二次使用。吸附无机渗透浆料的有机基板通过输送带输送到自动化刮平器的下方进行刮平出处理,最后输送到养护区干燥,硬化后得到本发明的渗透型A级防火保温板。
本发明的渗透型A级防火保温板的制备方法,操作简单,成本低,将无机渗透料浆渗透到有机渗透基板的空隙中,形成连续的无机“网状”结构,有效的从微观结构上实现了无机材料与有机材料的完美结合,从而得到了0.042W/m·k-0.045W/m·k低导热系数、0.25MPa-0.4MPa高强度抗压的A级防火保温板。
作为本发明的具体实施方式,所述的渗透型A级防火保温板的制备方法,所述无机渗透浆料的原料与水的重量比为0.4-0.7:1,例如0.5:1,0.7:1及其任意组合的范围。
优选地,混合操作具体为在300rad/min-800rad/min转速下搅拌5min-10min。
作为本发明的具体实施方式,所述的渗透型A级防火保温板的制备方法,在制备所述无机渗透浆料过程中,采用马氏粘度控制浆液的粘度指标不大于12S,流动度不小于320mm,操作时间不小于180min,12h内早期强度不小于15MPa,28天后期强度不小于50MPa。
第三方面,本发明提出了所述的渗透型A级防火保温板在建筑、装修以及装饰领域的应用。
本发明的渗透型A级防火保温板,将无机渗透料浆渗透到有机渗透基板的空隙中,形成连续的无机“网状”结构,有效的从微观结构上实现了无机材料与有机材料的完美结合,从而得到了低导热系数、高强度抗压的A级防火保温板。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但并不构成对本发明的任何限制。
实施例1
实施例1提出了一种渗透型A级防火保温板,其制备方法包括如下步骤:
按照重量比为0.4:1将无机渗透浆料的原料与水混合,制备得到无机渗透浆料,在所述有机渗透基板下部施加负压0.3MPa进行吸附,将所述无机渗透浆料在负压下渗透至所述有机渗透基板的空隙中,得到渗透型A级防火保温板。
其中,所述有机渗透基板为聚苯乙烯泡沫,密度为10kg/m3空隙率为15%。
所述无机渗透浆料包括如下重量份数的原料:普通硅酸盐水泥(普硅水泥)20份、矿物掺合料(硅灰)70份、水化硅酸钙晶须5份、减水剂(三聚氰胺)0.5份、羟丙基纤维素0.07份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯乳胶粉3.53份、矿物油消泡剂0.3份、甲酸钙早强剂0.5份和硬脂酸钠防水剂0.1份。
实施例2-10
实施例2-10与实施例1的区别仅在于无机渗透浆料组分不同,其余制备方法基本相同,区别见表1。
表1 实施例1-10的无机渗透浆料的配比(重量份数)
对无机渗透浆料进行如下测试:结果见表2。
马氏粘度和流动度采用标准:JTGTF50-2011《公路桥涵施工技术规范》;
抗压强度采用标准GB50448-2008《水泥基灌浆材料技术规范》;
水灰比指的是水与干粉的重量比。
表2 实施例1-10的无机渗透浆料的性能
马氏粘度越小,代表浆体在单位体积内的流速越快,浆料越容易渗透到多孔的材料中,密实度越高,形成的网状结构越连续化;初始流动度越大,并且在180min内保持的越好,可操作时间越长,便于浆体的回收循环利用;早期强度越高,干燥速度越快,便于板材的搬运和移动,节省存放场地,有利于规模化自动化生产;后期强度越高,水化越完全,耐久性越好,机械强度越高。从表2可以看出,实施例7为性能最佳的无机浆料。
对实施例1-10的渗透型A级防火保温板进行如下测试:结果见表3。
所述测试均采用标准:JG/T536-2017《热固复合聚苯乙烯泡沫保温板》。
实施例1-10的渗透型A级防火保温板性能
在本发明中的提到的任何数值,如果在任何最低值和任何最高值之间只是有两个单位的间隔,则包括从最低值到最高值的每次增加一个单位的所有值。例如,如果声明一种组分的量,或诸如温度、压力、时间等工艺变量的值为50-90,在本说明书中它的意思是具体列举了51-89、52-88……以及69-71以及70-71等数值。对于非整数的值,可以适当考虑以0.1、0.01、0.001或0.0001为一单位。这仅是一些特殊指明的例子。在本申请中,以相似方式,所列举的最低值和最高值之间的数值的所有可能组合都被认为已经公开。
应当注意的是,以上所述的实施例仅用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的任何限制。通过参照典型实施例对本发明进行了描述,但应当理解为其中所用的词语为描述性和解释性词汇,而不是限定性词汇。可以按规定在本发明权利要求的范围内对本发明作出修改,以及在不背离本发明的范围和精神内对本发明进行修-订。尽管其中描述的本发明涉及特定的方法、材料和实施例,但是并不意味着本发明限于其中公开的特定例,相反,本发明可扩展至其他所有具有相同功能的方法和应用。
Claims (10)
1.一种渗透型A级防火保温板,其特征在于,包括有机渗透基板和无机渗透浆料,所述有机渗透基板内部为三维网状结构,所述无机渗透浆料分布在所述三维网状结构空隙中;优选地,所述有机渗透基板的密度为8kg/m3-15 kg/m3;更优选地,所述有机渗透基板的空隙率为10%-20%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的渗透型A级防火保温板,其特征在于,所述有机渗透基板为聚苯乙烯泡沫。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的渗透型A级防火保温板,其特征在于,所述渗透型A级防火保温板的导热系数为0.042W/m·k-0.045W/m·k;优选地,所述渗透型A级防火保温板的抗压强度为0.25MPa-0.4MPa。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的渗透型A级防火保温板,其特征在于,所述无机渗透浆料包括如下重量份数的原料:水泥20份-60份、矿物掺合料40份-70份、水化硅酸钙晶须2份-5份、减水剂0.1份-0.5份、纤维素0.05份-0.2份、乳胶粉1份-4份、消泡剂0.02份-0.3份、早强剂0.5份-2份和防水剂0.1份-0.4份。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的渗透型A级防火保温板,其特征在于,所述水化硅酸钙晶须的粒径为50nm-100nm。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的渗透型A级防火保温板,其特征在于,所述水泥至少选自硅酸盐水泥、粉煤灰水泥、矿渣水泥和火山灰水泥中的一种;和/或,所述矿物掺合料至少选自硅灰、矿粉和粉煤灰中的一种;和/或,所述减水剂至少选自聚羧酸、三聚氰胺、萘系减水剂、氨基磺酸盐和密胺类减水剂中的一种;和/或,所述纤维素至少选自甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙甲基纤维素和羧甲基纤维素中的一种;和/或,所述乳胶粉至少选自乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸、乳化沥青、聚乙烯醇、聚苯乙烯和有机乳液中的一种;和/或,所述消泡剂至少选自有机硅消泡剂、矿物油消泡剂、磷酸三丁酯和聚醚消泡剂中的一种;和/或,所述早强剂至少选自硫酸钠、硫代硫酸钠、氯化钙、甲酸钙、三乙醇胺、碳酸锂和硫酸锂中的一种;和/或,所述防水剂至少选自硬脂酸盐、有机硅、三氯化铁和硫酸铝中的一种。
7.权利要求1-6中任意一项所述的渗透型A级防火保温板的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
将所述无机渗透浆料的原料与水混合,制备得到无机渗透浆料,将所述无机渗透浆料在负压下渗透至所述有机渗透基板的空隙中,得到渗透型A级防火保温板;优选地,渗透时在所述有机渗透基板下部施加负压进行吸附;更优选地,负压为0.050.3MPa~0.3MPa。
8.根据权利要求7所述的渗透型A级防火保温板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述无机渗透浆料的原料与水的重量比为0.4-0.7:1;优选地,混合操作具体为在300rad/min-800rad/min转速下搅拌5min-10min。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的渗透型A级防火保温板的制备方法,其特征在于,在制备所述无机渗透浆料过程中,采用马氏粘度控制浆液的粘度指标不大于12S,流动度不小于320mm,操作时间不小于180min,12h内早期强度不小于15MPa,28天后期强度不小于50MPa。
10.权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的渗透型A级防火保温板在建筑、装修以及装饰领域的应用。
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