CN112690372A - Feed additive for protecting liver and pancreas health of penaeus vannamei boone and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Feed additive for protecting liver and pancreas health of penaeus vannamei boone and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a feed additive for protecting the health of hepatopancreas of penaeus vannamei boone, which can repair the hepatopancreas damage of the penaeus vannamei boone, protect the health of intestinal tracts, improve the resistance of an organism to external stress and promote the growth of the penaeus vannamei boone. The composite material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 2-8% of astaxanthin, 8-15% of plant polyphenol, 20-28% of coptis chinensis, 20-25% of dark plum fruit, 15-20% of astragalus polysaccharide, 10-15% of chitosan, 5-10% of mannan oligosaccharide and the balance of filler, wherein the sum of all the substances is 100% by mass.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to a feed additive for protecting the health of hepatopancreas of penaeus vannamei boone.
Background
The south America white shrimps are also called litopenaeus vannamei, are one of the most important cultured shrimps in the world at present, and the yield of the south America white shrimps accounts for more than 70 percent of the total yield of the cultured shrimps. Since the penaeus vannamei boone was introduced into China at the end of the last 80 th century, the penaeus vannamei boone has the characteristics of wide culture range, high growth speed, high edible part, transportation resistance and the like, is cultured in large scale in the southeast coastal region of China, and is the first economic crustacean for culture scale and yield of China at present. However, in order to pursue higher benefits, farmers blindly increase the breeding density, regardless of the bearing capacity of the ecological environment, cause deterioration of the water body environment, disorder of the ecological system, increase of a large amount of various harmful microorganisms, algae and the like, and decrease of the resistance of prawns, which leads to outbreak of various diseases. In recent years, acute hepatopancreatic necrosis syndrome (AHPND) with severe hepatopancreatic lesions as main symptoms causes great loss to the culture of the penaeus vannamei boone, the yield of the main production area of the penaeus vannamei boone culture is reduced by about 80 percent in 2011 years, and the loss caused by the reduction of the yield of the AHPND diseases is nearly $ 10 billion per year. For different aspects of the pathogenic factor of AHPND, the current academic community generally considers that the prawn is infected by pathogenic vibrio such as vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio harveyi and the like under environmental stress. No specific and efficient prevention and control means for AHPND exist at present, and mainly take prevention means such as pond cleaning and disinfection, culture density control, selection of virus-free healthy shrimp larvae, material feeding amount control and the like. However, in actual production, high-density cultivation and large feeding situations are frequently seen in order to improve yield and promote the growth of prawns. Therefore, the key point to pay attention is how to essentially improve the resistance of the prawns to environmental stress and enhance the disease resistance of the prawns.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a feed additive for protecting the health of the hepatopancreas of the penaeus vannamei, which can repair the hepatopancreas damage of the penaeus vannamei, protect the intestinal health, improve the resistance of the body to external stress and promote the growth of the penaeus vannamei.
The feed additive for protecting the health of hepatopancreas of the penaeus vannamei boone is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 2-8% of astaxanthin, 8-15% of plant polyphenol, 20-28% of coptis chinensis, 20-25% of dark plum fruit, 15-20% of astragalus polysaccharide, 10-15% of chitosan, 5-10% of mannan oligosaccharide and the balance of filler, wherein the sum of all the substances is 100% by mass.
It is further characterized in that:
the plant polyphenol is tea polyphenol;
the filler is rice chaff powder.
A preparation method of an additive for protecting the health of hepatopancreas of Penaeus vannamei Boone is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) weighing astaxanthin, tea polyphenol, coptis chinensis, dark plum, astragalus polysaccharide, chitosan, mannan oligosaccharide and filler according to the mass percentage of 100% for standby;
(2) respectively carrying out superfine grinding on the coptis chinensis and the dark plum, and sieving the micropowder with a 200-plus 400-mesh sieve;
(3) boiling the micro powder mixture prepared in the step (2) for 4-6h, and filtering to obtain filtrate;
(4) fully mixing astaxanthin, tea polyphenol, astragalus polysaccharide, chitosan and mannan oligosaccharide to obtain a mixture, and directly and uniformly spraying the filtrate obtained in the step (3) on the surface of the mixture;
(5) and (4) uniformly mixing the mixture obtained in the step (4) with the filler.
The application of the additive for protecting the health of the hepatopancreas of the penaeus vannamei boone is characterized in that: the weight percentage of the additive added into the feed is 0.10-0.20%.
After the invention is adopted, the beneficial effects are as follows:
(1) astaxanthin is a strong antioxidant, can scavenge excessive free radicals in animal body caused by normal cell activity or stress, and has important effect on maintaining body health;
(2) tea polyphenol can improve the activity of main antioxidant enzymes of organisms such as GPx, SOD, CAT and the like by providing electron hydrogen and removing redundant free radicals or peroxides in vivo, and can also regenerate vitamin E to directly protect and repair an antioxidant system, thereby improving the antioxidant capacity of the organisms. Many oxidation reactions in the organism need the catalysis of metal ions, and the tea polyphenol can complex various metal ions, thereby not only reducing the oxidation reaction rate, but also having the detoxification function. In addition, the tea polyphenol can also have a synergistic effect with other antioxidant substances, such as Se, vitamin C, E and the like;
(3) the coptis chinensis can effectively inhibit bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and the like, and many researches find that the coptis chinensis has obvious bacteriostatic effect on common aquatic pathogenic bacteria such as vibrio parahaemolyticus, aeromonas hydrophila and the like;
(4) the main component of the dark plum is organic acid which is a good bacteriostatic Chinese herbal medicine;
(5) the chitosan is also called soluble chitin, and researches show that the chitosan can promote the growth of the prawns and obviously improve the resistance of the prawns to vibrio infection and white spot virus;
(6) the astragalus polysaccharide can relieve mitochondrial injury and remove hydroxyl free radicals;
(7) the mannan oligosaccharide can obviously improve the intestinal mucosa shape of the organism, increase the height and density of epithelial villi and promote the organism to absorb nutrient substances; in addition, the proliferation of beneficial bacteria such as lactobacillus can be promoted, and the intestinal microecological balance can be adjusted;
(8) after Chinese herbal medicine is subjected to superfine powder, cell walls can be broken, effective components can be efficiently released in the cooking process, and the effect is improved;
(9) the product is a mixture of Chinese herbal medicine extract, astaxanthin, tea polyphenol, chitosan, mannan oligosaccharide and astragalus polysaccharide, and the finished product is powder, compared with the traditional powder, the powder has the advantages of quick effect, strong effect and 0.10-0.20% of addition amount;
(10) the invention is suitable for various aquaculture shrimps, is particularly suitable for breeding species which have high breeding density and are easy to be stressed, and can effectively protect and prevent hepatopancreas from being damaged, protect intestinal health and promote the growth of the shrimps after long-term use.
Detailed Description
Example 1
According to the mass percentage of 100%, 2% of astaxanthin, 10% of tea polyphenol, 20% of coptis chinensis, 20% of dark plum fruit, 18% of astragalus polysaccharide, 13% of chitosan, 8% of mannan oligosaccharide and 9% of rice chaff powder are respectively weighed. Mixing Coptidis rhizoma and mume fructus, micronizing, and sieving with 250 mesh sieve to obtain micropowder mixture. And (3) cooking the micro powder mixture for 3 hours, and filtering to obtain a cooking filtrate. Fully mixing astaxanthin, tea polyphenol, astragalus polysaccharide, chitosan and mannan oligosaccharide to obtain a mixture, then directly and uniformly spraying the obtained cooking filtrate on the surface of the mixture, and finally uniformly mixing the mixture with rice chaff powder to obtain the liver protection additive.
Example 2
According to the mass percentage of 100%, 4% of astaxanthin, 8% of tea polyphenol, 22% of coptis chinensis, 20% of dark plum, 20% of astragalus polysaccharide, 15% of chitosan, 5% of mannan oligosaccharide and 6% of rice chaff powder are respectively weighed. Mixing Coptidis rhizoma and mume fructus, micronizing, and sieving with 300 mesh sieve to obtain micropowder mixture. And (4) cooking the micro powder mixture for 4 hours, and filtering to obtain a cooking filtrate. Fully mixing astaxanthin, tea polyphenol, astragalus polysaccharide, chitosan and mannan oligosaccharide to obtain a mixture, then directly and uniformly spraying the obtained cooking filtrate on the surface of the mixture, and finally uniformly mixing the mixture with rice chaff powder to obtain the liver protection additive.
Example 3
According to the mass percentage of 100%, 6% of astaxanthin, 12% of tea polyphenol, 20% of coptis chinensis, 20% of dark plum fruit, 15% of astragalus polysaccharide, 10% of chitosan, 10% of mannan oligosaccharide and 7% of rice chaff powder are respectively weighed. Mixing Coptidis rhizoma and mume fructus, micronizing, and sieving with 250 mesh sieve to obtain micropowder mixture. And (3) cooking the micro powder mixture for 5 hours, and filtering to obtain a cooking filtrate. Fully mixing astaxanthin, tea polyphenol, astragalus polysaccharide, chitosan and mannan oligosaccharide to obtain a mixture, then directly and uniformly spraying the obtained cooking filtrate on the surface of the mixture, and finally uniformly mixing the mixture with rice chaff powder to obtain the liver protection additive.
Example 4
According to the mass percentage of 100%, 8% of astaxanthin, 15% of tea polyphenol, 20% of coptis chinensis, 20% of dark plum, 15% of astragalus polysaccharide, 10% of chitosan, 5% of mannan oligosaccharide and 7% of rice chaff powder are respectively weighed. Mixing Coptidis rhizoma and mume fructus, micronizing, and sieving with 250 mesh sieve to obtain micropowder mixture. And (3) cooking the micro powder mixture for 6 hours, and filtering to obtain a cooking filtrate. Fully mixing astaxanthin, tea polyphenol, astragalus polysaccharide, chitosan and mannan oligosaccharide to obtain a mixture, then directly and uniformly spraying the obtained cooking filtrate on the surface of the mixture, and finally uniformly mixing the mixture with rice chaff powder to obtain the liver protection additive.
Application example 1
360 healthy prawns are selected, the initial average weight of the prawns is 0.5g +/-0.05 g, the prawns are randomly divided into 3 treatment groups, namely a control group, a test group I (0.1% of the feed additive prepared in the example 1 is added on the basis of the control group), and a test group II (0.2% of the feed additive prepared in the example 1 is added on the basis of the control group), the treatment groups are repeated 4 times, 30 prawns are repeated every time, and the prawns are cultured in a 500L culture bucket for 2 months. The survival rate, weight gain rate and feed coefficient of prawn are shown in Table 1-1, and the liver ratio, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (AST), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) are shown in Table 1-2.
TABLE 1-1 Effect of feed hepatoprotective additives on prawn growth
Note: the shoulder marks of the same row have different lower case letters to show remarkable difference.
TABLE 1-2 influence of feed hepatoprotective additive on prawn liver-body ratio, antioxidant capacity and injury repair
Note: the shoulder marks of the same row have different lower case letters to show remarkable difference.
The results show that the survival rate and the weight gain rate of the prawns are obviously improved by using the feed additive prepared in the embodiment 1 compared with the control group. The enzyme activity indexes (AST and ALT) reflecting the liver and pancreas injury are obviously reduced, the malondialdehyde content is obviously reduced, and the antioxidant enzyme GSH-PX is obviously increased. The color of the liver and the pancreas is ruddy, and the health condition is obviously improved. The results show that the invention can effectively improve the growth performance of the prawns and enhance the oxidation resistance of the liver.
Application example 2
360 tails of physically healthy prawns are selected, the initial average weight is 2.2 +/-0.4 g, the prawns are randomly divided into 4 treatment groups (a normal control group, a vibrio parahaemolyticus toxicity attacking test group and a test group (the liver protection addition amounts are 0.1% and 0.2% respectively), each treatment group is repeated for 3 times, each treatment group repeats 30 fishes, the prawns are cultured in an indoor circulating water system for 2 months, the test is divided into 2 stages, the hepatopancreatic injury modeling and the liver protection treatment are added, the modeling results are shown in a table 2-1, and the treatment effects are shown in a table 2-2.
TABLE 2-1 Effect of Vibrio parahaemolyticus on prawn hepatopancreas health
Note: the shoulder marks of the same row have different lower case letters to show remarkable difference.
TABLE 2-2 Effect of feed hepatoprotective additives on hepatopancreas injury repair
Note: the shoulder marks of the same row have different lower case letters to show remarkable difference.
The result shows that, for the penaeus vannamei boone, the vibrio parahaemolyticus has obvious damage to the hepatopancreas, and the excessive vibrio is easy to cause the hepatopancreas necrosis of the penaeus vannamei boone. After 2 doses of the feed additive prepared in the embodiment 2 are respectively used after the hepatopancreas injury of the prawns is induced in the experiment, the hepatopancreas injury of the prawns is obviously repaired, and the AST and ALT enzyme activities are obviously reduced; the oxidation resistance of the hepatopancreas is obviously enhanced, and the MDA is obviously reduced, and the GSH-Px is obviously increased; the fat metabolism of the liver and the pancreas is recovered to be normal, and the fat content of the liver is obviously reduced.
Application example 3
The pearl sea-farmer reflects: recently, the shrimp eat slowly and die from time to time. The sample is taken 10 days after 8 months in 2020, and the prawn hepatopancreas is found to have serious pathological changes, the phenomena of canker and atrophy are found, and the intestinal tract turns red and has inflammation. After 8 and 26 months in 2019, the farmer starts to use the feed added with 0.5% of the feed additive prepared in the embodiment 3, and after 7 days, the sample is drawn, so that the hepatopancreas completely develop, the liver leucocyte is coated neatly, the intestinal tract is thick, and the prawn is good in food intake. The user experiments of the pond mouth show that the invention can obviously enhance the anti-stress capability of prawns and protect the health of hepatopancreas and intestinal tracts.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (5)
1. The feed additive for protecting the health of hepatopancreas of the penaeus vannamei boone is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 2-8% of astaxanthin, 8-15% of plant polyphenol, 20-28% of coptis chinensis, 20-25% of dark plum fruit, 15-20% of astragalus polysaccharide, 10-15% of chitosan, 5-10% of mannan oligosaccharide and the balance of filler, wherein the sum of all the substances is 100% by mass.
2. A feed additive for protecting the health of hepatopancreas of Penaeus vannamei Boone is characterized in that: the plant polyphenol is tea polyphenol.
3. The feed additive for protecting the hepatopancreas of penaeus vannamei according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the filler is rice chaff powder.
4. A preparation method of an additive for protecting the health of hepatopancreas of Penaeus vannamei Boone is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) weighing astaxanthin, tea polyphenol, coptis chinensis, dark plum, astragalus polysaccharide, chitosan, mannan oligosaccharide and filler according to the mass percentage of 100% for standby;
(2) respectively carrying out superfine grinding on the coptis chinensis and the dark plum, and sieving the micropowder with a 200-plus 400-mesh sieve;
(3) boiling the micro powder mixture prepared in the step (2) for 4-6h, and filtering to obtain filtrate;
(4) fully mixing astaxanthin, tea polyphenol, astragalus polysaccharide, chitosan and mannan oligosaccharide to obtain a mixture, and directly and uniformly spraying the filtrate obtained in the step (3) on the surface of the mixture;
(5) and (4) uniformly mixing the mixture obtained in the step (4) with the filler.
5. The application of the additive for protecting the health of the hepatopancreas of the penaeus vannamei boone is characterized in that: the weight percentage of the additive added into the feed is 0.10-0.20%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115634230A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-01-24 | 广州医科大学 | Application of sodium mannolite in preparation of medicine for preventing and treating severe acute pancreatitis |
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| CN106616065A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-10 | 浙江粤海饲料有限公司 | Additive capable of enhancing non-specific immunity function of macrobrachium rosenbergii |
| CN111387375A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-07-10 | 湛江粤海预混料科技有限公司 | Feed additive premix for preventing and treating enteropathy of penaeus monodon and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103704505A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-04-09 | 浙江粤海饲料有限公司 | Biological organic acid composite additive for Litopenaeus vannamei and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115634230A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-01-24 | 广州医科大学 | Application of sodium mannolite in preparation of medicine for preventing and treating severe acute pancreatitis |
| CN115634230B (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-09-08 | 广州医科大学 | Application of sodium mannite in preparation of medicine for preventing and treating severe acute pancreatitis |
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Address after: 214000 No. 162, donglang Road, zone B, mechanical equipment Industrial Park, Yangjian Town, Xishan District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: WUXI HANOVE ANIMAL HEALTH PRODUCTS Co.,Ltd. Address before: 214000 No.8, HUAFA Road, Xishan Economic Development Zone, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: WUXI HANOVE ANIMAL HEALTH PRODUCTS Co.,Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20210423 |