CN112687910A - Cold start control system and method for automobile fuel cell - Google Patents
Cold start control system and method for automobile fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN112687910A CN112687910A CN202011564103.2A CN202011564103A CN112687910A CN 112687910 A CN112687910 A CN 112687910A CN 202011564103 A CN202011564103 A CN 202011564103A CN 112687910 A CN112687910 A CN 112687910A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/31—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for starting of fuel cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
- B60L58/33—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
- B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
- B60L58/34—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle battery heat dissipation, and discloses a cold start control system and a cold start control method for an automobile fuel cell, wherein the system comprises an air compressor, an intercooler, a humidifier, a fuel cell stack, a water pump, a three-way control valve, a heater, a radiator, a throttle valve, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve and a controller, wherein the air compressor, the intercooler, the humidifier, the fuel cell stack, the humidifier and the throttle valve form an air heating path; the water pump, the three-way control valve, the heater, the intercooler, the second valve, the fuel cell stack and the water pump form a cooling liquid heating loop; the water pump, the three-way control valve, the radiator, the third valve, the fuel cell stack and the water pump form a first cooling liquid heat dissipation loop; the water pump, the three-way control valve, the radiator, the first valve and the water pump form a second cooling liquid heat dissipation loop. Under the low temperature condition, the fuel cell can be ensured to be started quickly under the low temperature condition; under the condition of high temperature, a radiator is realized to radiate heat of the intercooler and the fuel cell stack.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle battery heat dissipation, in particular to a cold start control system and method for an automobile fuel battery.
Background
Fuel cell vehicles are rapidly developed, but fuel cells are difficult to start under low temperature conditions, which severely restricts the development of fuel cells. In the prior art, the temperature of the cooling liquid is improved only by heating the cooling liquid of the fuel cell assembly through the PTC, the heating efficiency is low, and the preheating time is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cold start control system and method for an automobile fuel cell, which aim to solve the problems of low heating efficiency and long preheating time when only PTC heating is adopted.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a cold start control system of an automobile fuel cell, which comprises an air compressor, an intercooler, a humidifier, a fuel cell stack, a water pump, a three-way control valve, a heater, a radiator, a throttle valve, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve and a controller, wherein:
the air compressor, the intercooler, the humidifier, the fuel cell stack, the humidifier and the throttle valve form an air heating circuit;
the water pump-the three-way control valve-the heater-the intercooler-the second valve-the fuel cell stack-the water pump form a coolant heating loop;
the water pump-the three-way control valve-the radiator-the third valve-the fuel cell stack-the water pump form a first coolant heat dissipation loop;
the water pump, the three-way control valve, the radiator, the first valve and the water pump form a second cooling liquid heat dissipation loop;
the controller selectively opens or closes the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, and the three-way control valve according to a temperature of the fuel cell stack.
As a preferable scheme of the cold start control system for the automobile fuel cell, the air compressor controls the rotation speed thereof according to the temperature of the fuel cell stack.
The air compressor adjusts the rotating speed according to the temperature of the fuel cell stack, and the air pressure in the air heating circuit is jointly adjusted through the rotating speed of the air compressor and the opening of the throttle valve, so that decoupling control is achieved.
As a preferable scheme of the cold start control system for the automobile fuel cell, the fuel cell stack is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet;
a first temperature sensor is arranged between the first outlet of the humidifier and the air inlet of the fuel cell stack;
a second temperature sensor is disposed between the air outlet of the fuel cell stack and a second inlet of the humidifier.
The first temperature sensor obtains the air temperature before entering the fuel cell stack, the second temperature sensor obtains the air temperature after passing through the fuel cell stack, and the two temperature values jointly determine the air temperature range inside the fuel cell stack and provide guarantee for the controller to obtain the temperature inside the fuel cell stack to control the air heating circuit.
As a preferable scheme of the cold start control system for the automobile fuel cell, a third temperature sensor is arranged between the second valve and the cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack;
and a fourth temperature sensor is arranged between the cooling outlet of the fuel cell stack and the inlet of the water pump.
The third temperature sensor acquires the temperature of the cooling liquid before entering the fuel cell stack, the fourth temperature sensor acquires the temperature of the cooling liquid after passing through the fuel cell stack, the temperature values jointly determine the temperature range of the cooling liquid inside the fuel cell stack, and the controller acquires the temperature of the cooling liquid inside the fuel cell stack to control the temperature of the cooling liquid heating loop, the first cooling liquid heat dissipation loop and the second cooling liquid heat dissipation loop to provide guarantee.
As a preferable scheme of the cold start control system for the automobile fuel cell, an air filter is connected to an air inlet end of the air compressor.
And the air inlet end of the air compressor is connected with an air filter, so that impurities are reduced to enter the fuel cell stack.
As a preferable scheme of the automobile fuel cell cold start control system, the other end of the throttle valve is connected with a silencer.
The other end of the throttle valve is provided with a silencer to reduce the noise when the air is discharged out of the vehicle.
As a preferable scheme of the cold start control system for the automobile fuel cell, the cold start control system further comprises an expansion water tank, and the expansion water tank is connected to the fuel cell stack, the water pump and the radiator.
Due to the expansion and contraction of the cooling liquid in the system, when the cooling liquid is heated, the volume of water in the system is increased, and when the expansion amount of the part of the water is not contained, the hydraulic pressure in the system is increased, so that the normal operation is influenced. The expansion tank accommodates the water expansion amount of the system, the hydraulic fluctuation of the system caused by the expansion of water can be reduced, the safety and the reliability of the operation of the system are improved, and when the system leaks water or the system is cooled down due to some reason, the water level of the expansion tank is reduced to supplement water for the system. The expansion tank also serves to stabilize the system pressure and to vent air released by the coolant during heating.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a cold start control method of the automobile fuel cell, which is applied to the cold start control system of the automobile fuel cell and comprises the following steps:
acquiring the temperature of cooling liquid in the fuel cell stack;
judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid is lower than a first preset threshold temperature or not;
if so, controlling the air to flow in the air heating circuit and the cooling liquid to circularly flow in the cooling liquid heating circuit so as to increase the temperature of the fuel cell stack.
As a preferable scheme of the cold start control method of the automobile fuel cell, the method further comprises the following steps:
judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid is greater than a second preset threshold temperature, wherein the second preset threshold temperature is greater than the first preset threshold temperature;
if so, controlling the cooling liquid to circularly flow in the first cooling liquid heat dissipation loop and the second cooling liquid heat dissipation loop so as to reduce the temperature of the fuel cell stack.
The cooling liquid circularly flows in the first cooling liquid heat dissipation loop and the second cooling liquid heat dissipation loop to enable the intercooler and the fuel cell stack to be connected in series, the cooling liquid of the fuel cell assembly is heated, and the fuel cell can be rapidly started under the low-temperature condition.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: for an automobile fuel cell cold start control system, a fuel cell engine is started under a low temperature condition, air heated by an air compressor is introduced into a fuel cell stack to heat an air supply subsystem of the fuel cell stack, a second valve can be opened, and a first valve and a third valve can be closed, so that an intercooler and the fuel cell stack are connected in series, and pressurized and heated air in the intercooler is used for quickly heating cooling liquid to ensure that a fuel cell can be quickly started under the low temperature condition; under the high temperature condition, close first valve, open first valve and third valve for intercooler and fuel cell are parallelly connected, and the radiator is cooled down the coolant liquid that flows through intercooler and fuel cell stack simultaneously, realize that a radiator dispels the heat to intercooler and fuel cell stack simultaneously.
According to the cold start control method for the automobile fuel cell, when the system is started under the low-temperature condition, the fuel cell engine is started, air heated by the air compressor can be introduced into the fuel cell stack to heat the air supply subsystem of the fuel cell stack, the second valve can be opened, and the first valve and the third valve can be closed, so that the intercooler and the fuel cell stack are connected in series, and the coolant is rapidly heated by the air pressurized and heated in the intercooler, and the fuel cell can be rapidly started under the low-temperature condition.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automotive fuel cell cold start control system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-an air filter; 2, an air compressor; 3, an intercooler; 4-a humidifier; 5-a fuel cell stack; 6, a water pump; 7-a three-way control valve; 8-a heater; 9-a radiator; 10-a throttle valve; 11-a first valve; 12-a second valve; 13-a third valve; 14-a first temperature sensor; 15-a first pressure sensor; 16-a second temperature sensor; 17-a second pressure sensor; 18-a third temperature sensor; 19-a third pressure sensor; 20-a fourth temperature sensor; 21-an expansion water tank; 22-a controller.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.
The invention provides a cold start control system of an automobile fuel cell, which comprises an air compressor 2, an intercooler 3, a humidifier 4, a fuel cell stack 5, a water pump 6, a three-way control valve 7, a heater 8, a radiator 9, a throttle valve 10, a first valve 11, a second valve 12, a third valve 13 and a controller 22, as shown in figure 1.
The fuel cell stack 5 has, among other things, a hydrogen inlet, an air inlet, a coolant inlet, a hydrogen outlet, an air outlet, and a coolant outlet.
The outlet of the air compressor 2 is connected with the first inlet of the intercooler 3, the first outlet of the intercooler 3 is connected with the first inlet of the humidifier 4, the first outlet of the humidifier 4 is connected with the air inlet of the fuel cell stack 5, the air outlet of the fuel cell stack 5 is connected with the second inlet of the humidifier 4, and the second outlet of the humidifier 4 is connected with the throttle valve 10 and is discharged to the outside through the throttle valve 10.
The air enters the air compressor 2 to be pressurized and heated, then enters the intercooler 3 to reduce the temperature of the pressurized high-temperature air, reduces the heat load of the engine, improves the air inflow, further increases the power of the engine, then improves the humidity through the humidifier 4 to improve the proton exchange performance in the fuel cell stack 5, then enters the fuel cell stack 5, is discharged to the humidifier 4 again through reaction, and then enters the throttle valve 10 from the humidifier 4, and the throttle valve 10 is opened and closed intermittently to enable the air to be discharged to the outside. At this time, the air compressor 2, the intercooler 3, the humidifier 4, the fuel cell stack 5, the humidifier 4, and the throttle valve 10 constitute an air heating path.
Note that, in the present embodiment, the air compressor 2 controls its rotation speed according to the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5. Specifically, the controller 22 obtains the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5, the controller 22 sends an instruction to an air compressor controller inside the air compressor 2, the air compressor controller receives the instruction and then controls the output power of an air compressor motor inside the air compressor 2 to finally change the rotation speed of the air compressor 2, and the air pressure in the air heating path is jointly adjusted through the rotation speed of the air compressor and the opening degree of the throttle valve 10, so that decoupling control is achieved.
Further, a first temperature sensor 14 and a first pressure sensor 15 are provided between the first outlet of the humidifier 4 and the air inlet of the fuel cell stack 5, and a second temperature sensor 16 and a second pressure sensor 17 are provided between the air outlet of the fuel cell stack 5 and the second inlet of the humidifier 4.
The first temperature sensor 14 and the first pressure sensor 15 respectively acquire the temperature and the pressure of air before entering the fuel cell stack 5, the second temperature sensor 16 and the second pressure sensor 17 respectively acquire the temperature and the pressure of air after passing through the fuel cell stack 5, and the temperature value and the pressure value respectively determine the temperature range and the pressure range inside the fuel cell stack 5, so that the controller 22 is ensured to acquire the internal temperature and the pressure of the fuel cell stack 5 to control an air heating circuit.
In the embodiment of the present application, the air filter 1 is connected to the air inlet of the air compressor 2, so as to reduce the impurities entering the fuel cell stack 5.
Further, a silencer 20 is connected to an air outlet end of the throttle valve 10 to reduce noise pollution.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the second outlet of the intercooler 3 is connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack 5, the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack 5 is connected to the inlet of the water pump 6, the outlet of the water pump 6 is connected to the inlet of the three-way control valve 7, one outlet of the three-way control valve 7 is connected to the inlet of the heater 8, the other outlet of the three-way control valve 7 is connected to the inlet of the radiator 9, the outlet of the heater 8 and the outlet of the radiator 9 are commonly connected to the second inlet of the intercooler 3, and in addition, the second outlet of the intercooler 3 is also connected to the water pump 6, a first valve 11 is arranged between a second outlet of the intercooler 3 and the water pump 6, a second valve 12 is arranged between the second outlet of the intercooler 3 and a cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack 5, and a third valve 13 is arranged between a second inlet of the intercooler 3 and the cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack 5.
It should be noted that the system further includes an expansion tank 21, and the expansion tank 21 is connected to the fuel cell stack 5, the water pump 6, and the radiator 9. Wherein the crash water tank 21 is connected to the system highest point of the fuel cell stack 5 and the system highest point of the radiator. Due to the expansion and contraction of the cooling liquid in the system, when the cooling liquid is heated, the volume of water in the system is increased, and when the expansion amount of the part of the water is not contained, the hydraulic pressure in the system is increased, so that the normal operation is influenced. The expansion water tank 21 is used for accommodating the water expansion amount of the system, the hydraulic fluctuation of the system caused by the expansion of water can be reduced, the safety and the reliability of the operation of the system are improved, and when the system leaks water or the system is cooled down due to some reason, the water level of the expansion water tank 21 is reduced to supplement water for the system. The expansion tank 21 also serves to stabilize the pressure of the system and to remove air released by the coolant during heating.
When the temperature needs to be raised, the controller 22 closes the first valve 11, the third valve 13 and the radiator 9, the intercooler 3 and the fuel cell stack 5 are connected in series at the moment, the second valve 12 is opened, the water pump 6 is started, the cooling liquid is pressurized by the water pump 6 to reach the three-way control valve 7, then is heated by the heater 8, the heated cooling liquid enters the intercooler 3 and then enters the fuel cell stack 5, and one heater 8 can heat the fuel cell stack 5. At this time, the water pump 6, the three-way control valve 7, the heater 8, the intercooler 3, the second valve 12, the fuel cell stack 5 and the water pump 6 form a coolant heating loop.
Therefore, when the temperature needs to be raised, the coolant heating circuit is combined with the air heating circuit, and the fuel cell stack 5 is heated by the air and the coolant together.
It should be noted that, in the system, the opening and closing angle of the three-way control valve 7 is adjusted according to the coolant temperature of the fuel cell stack 5 detected in real time, when the temperature rises, the opening and closing degree of the outlet of the three-way control valve 7 communicated with the heater 8 can be adjusted to the maximum, and when the preset temperature (the temperature at which the fuel cell stack 5 works normally) is reached, the opening and closing degree can be gradually reduced or closed.
When heat dissipation is needed, the controller 22 closes the second valve 12 and the heater 8, opens the first valve 11, the third valve 13 and the radiator 9, pressurizes the cooling liquid to the three-way control valve 7 through the water pump 6, cools through the radiator 9, enters the fuel cell stack 5 through the third valve 13 to exchange heat, and circulates in such a way that the temperature of the cooling liquid after heat exchange rises through the water pump 6 again. Meanwhile, the cooling liquid cooled by the radiator 9 passes through the intercooler 3, then passes through the first valve 11 again and the water pump 6, and the circulation is performed. Therefore, the water pump 6, the three-way control valve 7, the radiator 9, the third valve 13, the fuel cell stack 5 and the water pump 6 form a first cooling liquid heat dissipation loop, and the water pump 6, the three-way control valve 7, the radiator 9, the first valve 11 and the water pump 6 form a second cooling liquid heat dissipation loop.
A third temperature sensor 18 and a third pressure sensor 19 are provided between the second valve 12 and the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack 5; a fourth temperature sensor 20 is provided between the cooling outlet of the fuel cell stack 5 and the inlet of the water pump 6. The third temperature sensor 18 obtains the temperature of the coolant before entering the fuel cell stack 5, the fourth temperature sensor 20 obtains the temperature of the coolant after passing through the fuel cell stack 5, the two temperature values jointly determine the temperature range of the coolant inside the fuel cell stack 5, and the controller 22 obtains the temperature of the coolant inside the fuel cell stack 5 to control the coolant heating loop, the first coolant heat dissipation loop and the second coolant heat dissipation loop to provide guarantee.
The invention also provides a cold start control method of the automobile fuel cell, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the temperature of the coolant in the fuel cell stack 5; judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid is lower than a first preset threshold temperature or not; if so, the air flow in the air heating circuit and the cooling liquid circulation flow in the cooling liquid heating circuit are controlled to increase the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5.
Specifically, the temperature measured by the third temperature sensor 18 and the fourth temperature sensor 20 is used to obtain the temperature of the coolant in the fuel cell stack 5; comparing the temperature with a first preset threshold temperature, if the temperature of the cooling liquid is lower than the first preset threshold temperature, the air enters the air compressor 2 to be pressurized and heated, then enters the intercooler 3 to reduce the temperature of the pressurized high-temperature air, reduces the heat load of the engine, improves the air inflow, further increases the power of the engine, then improves the humidity through the humidifier 4 to improve the proton exchange performance in the fuel cell stack 5, then enters the fuel cell stack 5, is discharged to the humidifier 4 again through reaction, then enters the throttle valve 10 from the humidifier 4, and intermittently opens and closes the throttle valve 10 to discharge the air to the outside. At this time, the air compressor 2, the intercooler 3, the humidifier 4, the fuel cell stack 5, the humidifier 4, and the throttle valve 10 constitute an air heating path. Meanwhile, the controller 22 closes the first valve 11, the third valve 13 and the radiator 9, the intercooler 3 and the fuel cell stack 5 are connected in series at this time, the second valve 12 is opened, the water pump 6 is started, the cooling liquid is pressurized by the water pump 6 to reach the three-way control valve 7, then is heated by the heater 8, the heated cooling liquid enters the intercooler 3 and then enters the fuel cell stack 5, and at this time, the water pump 6, the three-way control valve 7, the heater 8, the intercooler 3, the second valve 12, the fuel cell stack 5 and the water pump 6 form a cooling liquid heating loop.
When the temperature of the coolant in the fuel cell stack 5 is higher than the second preset threshold temperature (the second preset threshold temperature is higher than the first preset threshold temperature) along with the temperature rise of the system, if the system needs to be cooled, the coolant is controlled to circularly flow in the first coolant cooling loop and the second coolant cooling loop, so as to reduce the temperature of the fuel cell stack 5.
Specifically, the controller 22 closes the second valve 12 and the heater 8, opens the first valve 11, the third valve 13 and the radiator 9, pressurizes the coolant to the three-way control valve 7 through the water pump 6, then cools through the radiator 9, and the cooled coolant enters the fuel cell stack 5 through the third valve 13 to exchange heat, and the temperature of the coolant after heat exchange rises and passes through the water pump 6 again, and the cycle is repeated. Meanwhile, the cooling liquid cooled by the radiator 9 passes through the intercooler 3, then passes through the first valve 11 again and the water pump 6, and the circulation is performed. Therefore, the water pump 6, the three-way control valve 7, the radiator 9, the third valve 13, the fuel cell stack 5 and the water pump 6 form a first cooling liquid heat dissipation loop, and the water pump 6, the three-way control valve 7, the radiator 9, the first valve 11 and the water pump 6 form a second cooling liquid heat dissipation loop.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Numerous obvious variations, adaptations and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an automobile fuel cell cold start control system, its characterized in that includes air compressor machine (2), intercooler (3), humidifier (4), fuel cell stack (5), water pump (6), three-way control valve (7), heater (8), radiator (9), throttle valve (10), first valve (11), second valve (12), third valve (13) and controller (22), wherein:
the air compressor (2), the intercooler (3), the humidifier (4), the fuel cell stack (5), the humidifier (4) and the throttle valve (10) form an air heating circuit;
the water pump (6) -the three-way control valve (7) -the heater (8) -the intercooler (3) -the second valve (12) -the fuel cell stack (5) -the water pump (6) form a coolant heating loop;
the water pump (6) -the three-way control valve (7) -the radiator (9) -the third valve (13) -the fuel cell stack (5) -the water pump (6) form a first cooling liquid heat dissipation loop;
the water pump (6), the three-way control valve (7), the radiator (9), the first valve (11) and the water pump (6) form a second cooling liquid heat dissipation loop;
the controller (22) selectively opens or closes the first valve (11), the second valve (12), the third valve (13), and the three-way control valve (7) according to the temperature of the fuel cell stack (5).
2. The cold start control system for the fuel cell of the automobile according to claim 1, wherein the air compressor (2) controls its rotation speed according to the temperature of the fuel cell stack (5).
3. The cold start control system for an automotive fuel cell as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the fuel cell stack (5) is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet, a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet;
a first temperature sensor (14) is arranged between the first outlet of the humidifier (4) and the air inlet of the fuel cell stack (5);
a second temperature sensor (16) is arranged between the air outlet of the fuel cell stack (5) and the second inlet of the humidifier (4).
4. The cold start control system for automotive fuel cells as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that a third temperature sensor (18) is provided between the second valve (12) and the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack (5);
and a fourth temperature sensor (20) is arranged between the cooling outlet of the fuel cell stack (5) and the inlet of the water pump (6).
5. The cold start control system for the automobile fuel cell as recited in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an air filter (1) is connected to an air inlet end of the air compressor (2).
6. The cold start control system for an automotive fuel cell as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that a muffler (20) is attached to the other end of the throttle valve (10).
7. The automotive fuel cell cold start control system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized by further comprising an expansion tank (21), the expansion tank (21) being connected to the fuel cell stack (5), the water pump (6), and the radiator (9).
8. A cold start control method for an automotive fuel cell, which is applied to the automotive fuel cell cold start control system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
acquiring the temperature of cooling liquid in the fuel cell stack (5);
judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid is lower than a first preset threshold temperature or not;
if yes, the air flows in the air heating circuit and the cooling liquid flows in the cooling liquid heating circuit in a circulating mode, so that the temperature of the fuel cell stack (5) is increased.
9. The cold start control method of an automotive fuel cell as described in claim 8, characterized by further comprising the steps of:
judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid is greater than a second preset threshold temperature, wherein the second preset threshold temperature is greater than the first preset threshold temperature;
if yes, the cooling liquid is controlled to circularly flow in the first cooling liquid heat dissipation loop and the second cooling liquid heat dissipation loop so as to reduce the temperature of the fuel cell stack (5).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011564103.2A CN112687910B (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Cold start control system and method for automobile fuel cell |
| PCT/CN2021/139977 WO2022135374A1 (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2021-12-21 | System and method for controlling cold start of fuel cell of vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011564103.2A CN112687910B (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Cold start control system and method for automobile fuel cell |
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| CN112687910A true CN112687910A (en) | 2021-04-20 |
| CN112687910B CN112687910B (en) | 2022-04-08 |
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| WO (1) | WO2022135374A1 (en) |
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| WO2022135374A1 (en) | 2022-06-30 |
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