CN115986163B - Cooling liquid function separation type fuel cell cooling system - Google Patents
Cooling liquid function separation type fuel cell cooling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115986163B CN115986163B CN202310017652.5A CN202310017652A CN115986163B CN 115986163 B CN115986163 B CN 115986163B CN 202310017652 A CN202310017652 A CN 202310017652A CN 115986163 B CN115986163 B CN 115986163B
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- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- -1 alcohol compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a cooling liquid function separation type fuel cell cooling system, wherein an electronic thermostat is arranged on a cooling liquid output pipeline of a fuel cell stack, and the cooling liquid output pipeline is divided into a small circulation loop and a large circulation loop from the electronic thermostat; when the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing through the electronic thermostat is not higher than the preset lower temperature limit threshold value of the electronic thermostat, the electronic thermostat is controlled by the cooling system controller to enable the cooling liquid to enter a small circulation loop; when the temperature of the cooling liquid is not lower than the preset upper temperature threshold of the electronic thermostat, the electronic thermostat is controlled by the cooling system controller to enable the cooling liquid to enter a large circulation loop; when the temperature of the electronic thermostat is between the preset lower temperature limit threshold value and the preset upper temperature limit threshold value, the cooling system controller controls the electronic thermostat to enable one part of cooling liquid to enter the small circulation loop and the other part of cooling liquid to enter the large circulation loop. The invention can separate functions among components of the cooling liquid, improve the cooling effect of the cooling liquid and reduce the energy consumption of pumping the cooling liquid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell stack cooling, in particular to a cooling liquid function separation type proton exchange membrane hydrogen fuel cell cooling system.
Background
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a fuel cell, is a power generation device for directly converting chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electric energy, and is based on the reverse reaction of electrolyzed water. When the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack works, water and a large amount of heat are generated while electric energy is generated, and if the heat cannot be discharged in time, the heat accumulation can reduce the performance of the fuel cell and even cause failure. And, just start, if the temperature in the fuel cell is lower, the catalyst activity in the cell is lower and is unfavorable for the reaction to be carried out, the phenomenon of flooding the electrode can occur, and the cell is damaged.
At present, the conventional hydrogen fuel cell cooling liquid generally selects water and alcohol compounds (methanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and the like) as mixed cooling liquid of main substances, has the advantages of certain cooling, freezing prevention, insulation, corrosion prevention and the like, the heat conduction capacity of the water is about 1.5 times that of the alcohol compounds, and the heat conduction capacity of the water is stronger than that of the alcohol compounds.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems, and therefore provides a cooling liquid function separation type fuel cell cooling system which can separate functions among components of cooling liquid, improve the cooling effect of the cooling liquid and reduce the energy consumption of pumping the cooling liquid.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cooling liquid function separation type fuel cell cooling system is characterized in that:
an outlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor is arranged at a cooling liquid outlet of the fuel cell stack, an inlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor is arranged at a cooling liquid inlet, an electronic thermostat is arranged on a cooling liquid output pipeline connected with the cooling liquid outlet, and the cooling liquid output pipeline is divided into a small circulation loop and a large circulation loop from the electronic thermostat;
the small circulation loop sequentially comprises an outlet temperature-pressure integrated sensor, an electronic thermostat, a PTC electric heater, an electromagnetic valve, a deionization filtering two-in-one device, a circulating water pump and an inlet temperature-pressure integrated sensor along the flow direction of cooling liquid from a cooling liquid outlet to a cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack;
the large circulation loop comprises an outlet temperature-pressure integrated sensor, an electronic thermostat, an expansion water tank, a radiator, an electromagnetic valve, a deionization filtering two-in-one device, a circulating water pump and an inlet temperature-pressure integrated sensor which are sequentially arranged between a cooling liquid outlet and a cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack along the flow direction of cooling liquid, and further comprises a vacuum pump, an alcohol vapor condensing device, an alcohol compound storage tank and an electric control valve which are sequentially arranged between an alcohol vapor outlet and an alcohol reflux port of the expansion water tank, and a water tank temperature-pressure integrated sensor arranged on the expansion water tank;
the cooling system controller is used for controlling the operation of the cooling system;
when the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing through the electronic thermostat is not higher than a preset lower temperature limit threshold value of the electronic thermostat, the electronic thermostat is controlled by the cooling system controller to enable the cooling liquid to enter a small circulation loop; when the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing through the electronic thermostat is not lower than the preset upper temperature limit threshold value of the electronic thermostat, the cooling system controller controls the electronic thermostat to enable the cooling liquid to enter an expansion water tank of a large circulation loop, and after the cooling liquid entering the expansion water tank finishes separation of water and alcohol-based substances, the generated water flows into a radiator and enters a fuel cell stack through the large circulation loop; when the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing through the electronic thermostat is between a preset lower temperature limit threshold value and a preset upper temperature limit threshold value of the electronic thermostat, the cooling system controller controls the electronic thermostat to enable one part of the cooling liquid to enter a small circulation loop, and the other part of the cooling liquid to enter a large circulation loop.
The invention is also characterized in that:
an outlet valve is arranged on a cooling liquid output pipeline connected with a cooling liquid outlet of the fuel cell stack, the outlet valve is connected to an inlet of the electronic thermostat and is provided with the outlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor, an inlet valve is arranged on a cooling liquid input pipeline connected with a cooling liquid inlet and is connected with an outlet of the circulating water pump and is provided with the inlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor.
The first inlet of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the outlet of the PTC electric heater, the second inlet of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the outlet of the radiator, and the outlet of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet of the deionization filter two-in-one device.
The radiator is provided with a radiating fan.
The outlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor, the inlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor, the electronic thermostat, the PTC electric heater, the circulating water pump, the vacuum pump, the cooling fan, the electromagnetic valve, the electric control valve and the water tank temperature and pressure integrated sensor are respectively and electrically connected and controlled by the cooling system controller.
The electric control valve is arranged on a return pipeline connected between the outlet of the alcohol compound storage tank and the return port of the expansion tank, is closed in an initial state, is controlled to be opened by the cooling system controller after the system stops running, and is used for returning the alcohol-based substance condensate from the alcohol compound storage tank to the expansion tank through the return pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention sets up large circulation loop and small circulation loop, and utilize expansion tank, vacuum pump, alcohol steam condensing equipment, alcohol compound storage tank, automatically controlled valve change the distillation condensing system of increasing and decreasing pressure in the large circulation loop, through the control to the internal temperature and pressure of expansion tank, realize the functional separation between the coolant fluid components in the expansion tank by means of vacuum pump, alcohol steam condensing equipment, alcohol compound storage tank, utilize the high coefficient of heat conductivity of liquid water after separating, realize playing better cooling effect when the fuel cell pile works, in addition, after the system stops running, utilize the back flow of alcohol condensate in the alcohol compound storage tank to the expansion tank, make the coolant fluid mix again, recycle, greatly improve the cooling effect of the coolant fluid under the function of meeting the conventional cooling system, and then reduce the energy consumption of pumping coolant fluid, realize the energy-conserving effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the expansion tank.
In the figure, 1 a fuel cell stack; 2, an outlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor; 3 an electronic thermostat; 4 a PTC electric heater; 5, an electromagnetic valve; 6, a deionization and filtration two-in-one device; 7, a circulating water pump; 8, an expansion tank; 9 a radiator; 10, a vacuum pump; 11 alcohol steam condensing device; 12 alcohol compound storage tanks; 13, an electric control valve; 14 a water tank temperature and pressure integrated sensor; 15 a cooling system controller; 16 a heat radiation fan; 17 an inlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor; 18 outlet valve; 19 inlet valve; 20, supplying water to the system; 21 alcohol compound steam outlet; 22 alcohol compound reflux inlet; 23 fluid supplementing ports; 24, an automatic air release valve; 25 gauge.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The hydrogen fuel cell cooling liquid system comprises a runner formed by a hydrogen fuel cell stack, a water pump, a radiator and accessories thereof, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell cooling liquid flows in the cooling system, absorbs heat in the runner part of the stack and releases heat in the radiator part, thereby achieving the purposes of controlling the temperature of the stack and ensuring the normal operation of the stack. Conventional hydrogen fuel cell cooling systems always ensure that hydrogen fuel cell coolant composed of water and alcohol compounds exists in a mixture state, and physical properties such as boiling point, freezing point, thermal conductivity coefficient, heat capacity and the like are not substantially changed during a standstill period or an operation period. Thus, once the cooling medium is determined, conventional hydrogen fuel cell coolant systems will transfer heat in accordance with a specific heat transfer capacity, and it is difficult to solve the heat dissipation problem of hydrogen fuel cells, particularly high power hydrogen fuel cells.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the cooling system structure of the coolant function separation type fuel cell of the present embodiment is configured as follows:
an outlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor 2 is arranged at the cooling liquid outlet of the fuel cell stack 1, an inlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor 17 is arranged at the cooling liquid inlet, an electronic thermostat 3 is arranged on a cooling liquid output pipeline connected with the cooling liquid outlet, and the cooling liquid output pipeline is divided into a small circulation loop and a large circulation loop from the electronic thermostat 3;
the small circulation loop sequentially comprises an outlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor 2, an electronic thermostat 3, a PTC electric heater 4, an electromagnetic valve 5, a deionization and filtration integrated device 6, a circulating water pump 7 and an inlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor 17 along the flow direction of the cooling liquid from a cooling liquid outlet of the fuel cell stack 1 to a cooling liquid inlet;
the large circulation loop comprises an outlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor 2, an electronic thermostat 3, an expansion water tank 8, a radiator 9, an electromagnetic valve 5, a deionization and filtration integrated device 6, a circulating water pump 7 and an inlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor 17 which are sequentially arranged between a cooling liquid outlet and a cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack 1 along the flow direction of cooling liquid, and further comprises a vacuum pump 10, an alcohol steam condensing device 11, an alcohol compound storage tank 12 and an electric control valve 13 which are sequentially arranged between an alcohol steam outlet and an alcohol reflux port of the expansion water tank 8, and a water tank temperature and pressure integrated sensor 14 which is arranged on the expansion water tank 8;
a cooling system controller 15 for controlling the operation of the cooling system;
when the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing through the electronic thermostat 3 is not higher than the preset lower temperature limit threshold of the electronic thermostat 3, the cooling system controller 15 controls the electronic thermostat 3 to enable the cooling liquid to enter a small circulation loop; when the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing through the electronic thermostat 3 is not lower than the preset upper temperature limit threshold value of the electronic thermostat 3, the cooling system controller 15 controls the electronic thermostat 3 to enable the cooling liquid to enter an expansion water tank 8 of a large circulation loop, and after the cooling liquid entering the expansion water tank 8 finishes separation of water and alcohol-based substances, the generated water flows into a radiator 9 and enters the fuel cell stack 1 through the large circulation loop; when the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing through the electronic thermostat 3 is between the preset lower temperature limit threshold value and the preset upper temperature limit threshold value of the electronic thermostat 3, the cooling system controller 15 controls the electronic thermostat 3 to enable one part of the cooling liquid to enter the small circulation loop and the other part to enter the large circulation loop.
In a specific implementation, the corresponding structural arrangement of the cooling system also includes:
an outlet valve 18 is arranged on a cooling liquid output pipeline connected with a cooling liquid outlet of the fuel cell stack 1, the outlet valve 18 is connected with an inlet of the electronic thermostat 3, an outlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor 2 is arranged, an inlet valve 19 is arranged on a cooling liquid input pipeline connected with a cooling liquid inlet, the inlet valve 19 is connected with an outlet of the circulating water pump 7, and an inlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor 17 is arranged.
The first inlet of the electromagnetic valve 5 is connected with the outlet of the PTC electric heater 4, the second inlet is connected with the outlet of the radiator 9, and the outlet is connected with the inlet of the deionization filter two-in-one device.
The radiator 9 is provided with a radiator fan 16 for improving the flow rate and flow of air flowing through the radiator 9, enhancing the heat radiation capability, when the cooling liquid in the radiator 9 is heated and expanded, part of the cooling liquid flows back to the expansion water tank 8, and when the temperature of the cooling liquid is reduced, part of the cooling liquid flows into the radiator 9 again, so that the cooling liquid is ensured not to overflow.
The outlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor 2, the inlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor 17, the electronic thermostat 3, the PTC electric heater 4, the circulating water pump 7, the vacuum pump 10, the cooling fan 16, the electromagnetic valve 5, the electric control valve 13 and the water tank temperature and pressure integrated sensor 14 are respectively and electrically connected and controlled by the cooling system controller 15.
The temperature and pressure of the cooling liquid at the outlet and the inlet of the cooling liquid of the fuel cell stack 1 are detected by the outlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor 2 and the inlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor 17 respectively and are fed back to the cooling system controller 15 to serve as one of the parameters of the cooling system for monitoring whether the cooling system is kept in a safe range or not, so that the functions of protecting the system and assisting in control are achieved.
The temperature and pressure in the expansion tank 8 are detected by a tank temperature and pressure integrated sensor 14 and fed back to a cooling system controller 15.
The electronic thermostat 3 automatically adjusts the opening of an internal valve according to the temperature of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the fuel cell stack 1 system, thereby controlling the flow of the cooling liquid passing through the large circulation loop and the small circulation loop.
The deionization and filtration two-in-one device 6 is used for filtering redundant ions and impurities in the recycled cooling liquid, preventing large-particle impurities from blocking the cooling liquid pipe inside the electric pile, and simultaneously, the redundant conductive ions in the deionized water are removed, so that the conductivity of the cooling liquid is in a proper range.
The electromagnetic valve 5 receives the cooling liquid left by the PTC electric heater 4 in the small circulation loop and the radiator 9 in the large circulation loop, and sends the cooling liquid to the circulating water pump 7.
The electric control valve 13 is arranged on a return pipeline connected between the outlet of the alcohol compound storage tank 12 and the return port of the expansion water tank 8, is closed in an initial state, is controlled to be opened by the cooling system controller 15 after the system stops running, is used for returning the alcohol-based substance condensate from the alcohol compound storage tank 12 to the expansion water tank 8 through the return pipeline, enters the expansion water tank 8 and is mixed again to form initial cooling liquid, and the recycling of the cooling liquid is realized.
The vacuum pump 10 is used for controlling the internal pressure of the expansion tank 8 to realize the separation of different components of the cooling liquid, alcohol-based substances in the expansion tank 8 are separated from water, the formed alcohol-based substance vapor is condensed into liquid through a heat exchange component in the alcohol vapor condensing device 11, and the alcohol-based substance condensate flows into the alcohol compound storage tank 12.
As shown in fig. 2, the expansion tank 8 is provided with a liquid level meter 25, and is externally connected with at least three passages for circulating cooling liquid, and comprises an alcohol compound steam outlet 21 for discharging alcohol compound steam to the alcohol steam condensing device 11 and an alcohol compound reflux inlet 22 for reflux, wherein the alcohol compound reflux inlet can be connected with a liquid supplementing port 23 of the expansion tank, and an automatic air release valve 24 is further arranged at the liquid supplementing port.
On the basis of the existing fuel cell cooling system, the embodiment of the invention realizes the functional separation of cooling liquid by dividing a small circulation loop and a large circulation loop and forming an increased/decreased pressure distillation condensing system in the large circulation loop by using the expansion water tank 8, the vacuum pump 10, the alcohol steam condensing device 11, the alcohol compound storage tank 12 and the electric control valve 13, realizes the better cooling effect on the fuel cell stack 1 when the fuel cell stack works by using the high heat conductivity coefficient of liquid water, and realizes the purpose of energy conservation by mixing and recycling the cooling liquid again when the fuel cell stack 1 does not work.
When the fuel cell stack 1 is operating normally, the large circulation loop generates steam of alcohol and water in the expansion water tank 8 through the vacuum pump 10, and then the steam is condensed through the alcohol steam condensing device 11 to form a liquid alcohol device which flows into the alcohol compound storage tank 12, so that the separation of alcohol compounds and water of the cooling liquid is realized. During the stopping period of the hydrogen fuel cell, when the temperature of the cooling liquid is lower than 0-5 ℃, the alcohol compound in the alcohol compound storage tank 12 flows into the expansion water tank 8 again through the electric control valve 13, and is uniformly mixed with water in the fuel cell stack 1, the radiator 9 and the circulating water pump 7 through the circulation of the circulating water pump 7, so that the required anti-freezing performance is achieved.
The working is initial:
the electronic control valve 13 is closed, the cooling liquid flows out from the expansion water tank 8 to reach the electronic thermostat 3, at the moment, the cooling liquid is in a normal temperature state and is not higher than the preset temperature lower limit threshold value of the electronic thermostat 3 and is not higher than the preset temperature of the PTC electric heater 4, the electronic thermostat 3 senses the temperature of the cooling liquid and enables the cooling liquid to flow to the PTC electric heater 4, the PTC electric heater heats the cooling liquid, the heated cooling liquid flows into the deionizing and filtering two-in-one device 6 through the electromagnetic valve 5 to remove redundant ions and impurities, the circulating water pump 7 pumps the cooling liquid into the fuel cell stack 1 to cool the stack, the stack can be started at a low temperature, and the cooling liquid flowing out of the fuel cell stack 1 enters the electronic thermostat 3. The coolant flowing into and out of the fuel cell stack 1 is collected in temperature and pressure values by the inlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor 17 and the outlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor 2 and fed back to the cooling system controller 15.
Formally operating:
when the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing out of the fuel cell stack 1 and flowing through the electronic thermostat 3 is not higher than the preset lower temperature limit threshold of the electronic thermostat 3, the cooling system controller 15 controls the electronic thermostat 3 to enable the cooling liquid to enter a small circulation loop, at the moment, the stack is started, the PTC electric heater is not heated any more, and in the process, the increasing-decreasing pressure distillation condensing system of the large circulation loop is not started;
when the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing out of the fuel cell stack 1 and flowing through the electronic thermostat 3 is not lower than the preset upper temperature threshold of the electronic thermostat 3, the pressure-increasing/decreasing distillation condensing system of the large circulation loop is started to separate components of the cooling liquid. The electronic thermostat 3 is controlled by the cooling system controller 15 to enable cooling liquid to return to the expansion water tank 8 of the large circulation loop, the temperature and pressure value in the expansion water tank 8 are detected by the water tank temperature-pressure integrated sensor 14 and fed back to the cooling system controller 15, when the temperature in the expansion water tank is not lower than the preset upper temperature threshold of the electronic thermostat 3 and the boiling point of alcohol-based substances in the cooling liquid is not reached, the vacuum pump 10 is controlled by the cooling system controller to be started, the environment in the expansion water tank is depressurized by the vacuum pump 10, so that the separation of water and alcohol-based substances in the cooling liquid in the expansion water tank 8 is realized, the temperature of the cooling liquid entering the expansion water tank 8 through the large circulation loop is increased along with the operation of the system, and the output power of the operation of the vacuum pump can be reduced by the cooling system controller 15 so as to save energy consumption; after the water in the cooling liquid in the expansion water tank 8 is separated from alcohol-based substances, the generated alcohol steam is pumped into an alcohol steam condensing device 11 through a vacuum pump 10 to be condensed and then enters an alcohol compound storage tank 12, the main body of the cooling liquid in the expansion water tank is water at the moment, the heat conductivity coefficient is high, the cooling liquid flows into a radiator 9 to be cooled, and then enters a fuel cell stack 1 through an electromagnetic valve 5, a deionization filtering two-in-one device 6 and a circulating water pump 7; the rotation speed of the cooling fan 16 is correspondingly controlled and regulated by the cooling system controller 15 according to the received feedback signal of the outlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor 2, so that the energy is further saved;
when the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing out of the fuel cell stack 1 and flowing through the electronic thermostat 3 is between the preset lower temperature limit threshold value and the preset upper temperature limit threshold value of the electronic thermostat 3, the cooling system controller 15 controls the electronic thermostat 3 to enable one part of the cooling liquid to enter a small circulation loop and the other part of the cooling liquid to enter a large circulation loop; in the process, the pressure-increasing and pressure-reducing distillation condensing system of the large circulation loop is started, and the components among the cooling liquid are continuously separated under the action of the vacuum pump 10.
After stopping the operation:
the cooling system controller 15 controls the electric control valve 13 to be opened, and the alcohol condensate in the alcohol compound storage tank 12 flows back to the expansion water tank 8 to be mixed again to form initial cooling liquid for recycling.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A cooling liquid function separation type fuel cell cooling system is characterized in that:
an outlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor is arranged at a cooling liquid outlet of the fuel cell stack, an inlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor is arranged at a cooling liquid inlet, an electronic thermostat is arranged on a cooling liquid output pipeline connected with the cooling liquid outlet, and the cooling liquid output pipeline is divided into a small circulation loop and a large circulation loop from the electronic thermostat;
the small circulation loop sequentially comprises an outlet temperature-pressure integrated sensor, an electronic thermostat, a PTC electric heater, an electromagnetic valve, a deionization filtering two-in-one device, a circulating water pump and an inlet temperature-pressure integrated sensor along the flow direction of cooling liquid from a cooling liquid outlet to a cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack;
the large circulation loop comprises an outlet temperature-pressure integrated sensor, an electronic thermostat, an expansion water tank, a radiator, an electromagnetic valve, a deionization filtering two-in-one device, a circulating water pump and an inlet temperature-pressure integrated sensor which are sequentially arranged between a cooling liquid outlet and a cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell stack along the flow direction of cooling liquid, and further comprises a vacuum pump, an alcohol vapor condensing device, an alcohol compound storage tank and an electric control valve which are sequentially arranged between an alcohol vapor outlet and an alcohol reflux port of the expansion water tank, and a water tank temperature-pressure integrated sensor which is arranged in the expansion water tank;
the cooling system controller is used for controlling the operation of the cooling system;
when the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing through the electronic thermostat is not higher than a preset lower temperature limit threshold value of the electronic thermostat, the electronic thermostat is controlled by the cooling system controller to enable the cooling liquid to enter a small circulation loop; when the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing through the electronic thermostat is not lower than the preset upper temperature limit threshold value of the electronic thermostat, the cooling system controller controls the electronic thermostat to enable the cooling liquid to enter an expansion water tank of a large circulation loop, and after the cooling liquid entering the expansion water tank finishes separation of water and alcohol-based substances, the generated water flows into a radiator and enters a fuel cell stack through the large circulation loop; when the temperature of the cooling liquid flowing through the electronic thermostat is between a preset lower temperature limit threshold value and a preset upper temperature limit threshold value of the electronic thermostat, the cooling system controller controls the electronic thermostat to enable one part of the cooling liquid to enter a small circulation loop, and the other part of the cooling liquid to enter a large circulation loop.
2. The coolant function separation type fuel cell cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: an outlet valve is arranged on a cooling liquid output pipeline connected with a cooling liquid outlet of the fuel cell stack, the outlet valve is connected to an inlet of the electronic thermostat and is provided with the outlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor, an inlet valve is arranged on a cooling liquid input pipeline connected with a cooling liquid inlet and is connected with an outlet of the circulating water pump and is provided with the inlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor.
3. The coolant function separation type fuel cell cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first inlet of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the outlet of the PTC electric heater, the second inlet of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the outlet of the radiator, and the outlet of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet of the deionization filter two-in-one device.
4. The coolant function separation type fuel cell cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the radiator is provided with a radiating fan.
5. The coolant function separation type fuel cell cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor, the inlet temperature and pressure integrated sensor, the electronic thermostat, the PTC electric heater, the circulating water pump, the vacuum pump, the cooling fan, the electromagnetic valve, the electric control valve and the water tank temperature and pressure integrated sensor are respectively and electrically connected and controlled by the cooling system controller.
6. The coolant function separation type fuel cell cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric control valve is arranged on a return pipeline connected between the outlet of the alcohol compound storage tank and the return port of the expansion tank, is closed in an initial state, is controlled to be opened by the cooling system controller after the system stops running, and is used for returning the alcohol-based substance condensate from the alcohol compound storage tank to the expansion tank through the return pipeline.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310017652.5A CN115986163B (en) | 2023-01-06 | 2023-01-06 | Cooling liquid function separation type fuel cell cooling system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310017652.5A CN115986163B (en) | 2023-01-06 | 2023-01-06 | Cooling liquid function separation type fuel cell cooling system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115986163A CN115986163A (en) | 2023-04-18 |
| CN115986163B true CN115986163B (en) | 2024-04-02 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106194392A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2016-12-07 | 陕西重型汽车有限公司 | Coolant quality intelligent early-warning system |
| CN111785990A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-16 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Proton exchange membrane hydrogen fuel cell cooling system |
| WO2022135374A1 (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-06-30 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | System and method for controlling cold start of fuel cell of vehicle |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106194392A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2016-12-07 | 陕西重型汽车有限公司 | Coolant quality intelligent early-warning system |
| CN111785990A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-16 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | Proton exchange membrane hydrogen fuel cell cooling system |
| WO2022135374A1 (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-06-30 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | System and method for controlling cold start of fuel cell of vehicle |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 浦及 ; 秦晓津 ; 芦岩 ; 王宇鹏 ; 丁天威 ; 赵子亮 ; .燃料电池热管理系统设计及研究.汽车文摘.2019,(第04期),第24-27页. * |
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