CN109532565B - Hydrogen fuel cell automobile thermal management system and control method - Google Patents
Hydrogen fuel cell automobile thermal management system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109532565B CN109532565B CN201811340968.3A CN201811340968A CN109532565B CN 109532565 B CN109532565 B CN 109532565B CN 201811340968 A CN201811340968 A CN 201811340968A CN 109532565 B CN109532565 B CN 109532565B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
- B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Abstract
The invention relates to a hydrogen fuel cell automobile heat management system and a control method thereof. The restriction that the conventional fuel cell stack cannot be started under the condition of the excessively low environmental temperature is overcome, and an auxiliary water heating scheme is designed in a small circulation branch, so that the low-temperature quick start of the fuel cell stack is realized, and the adaptability of the fuel cell stack to the low-temperature environment is improved; the auxiliary air conditioner water heating heat exchange system is added to the waterway system, so that the waste heat of the fuel cell stack is recycled, the power consumption requirement of the air heater is reduced, the electric energy of the whole vehicle is saved, and the endurance mileage of the vehicle in winter is increased; through the design improvement of the fuel cell stack degassing device, the degassing problem of a fuel cell stack waterway system in the filling and running processes is solved, and the working reliability of the fuel cell thermal management system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy automobiles, relates to the field of hydrogen energy automobiles, and particularly relates to a thermal management system and a control method of a hydrogen fuel cell automobile.
Background
The hydrogen fuel cell is a device which takes hydrogen as fuel and oxygen as oxidant and converts chemical energy into electric energy through electrochemical reaction, water and heat are generated in the reaction process, and the hydrogen fuel cell is a clean and environment-friendly new energy source. The fuel cell automobile is a new energy automobile, and has the advantages of energy conservation, zero emission, no pollution, high efficiency, low noise and the like. The method is rapidly developed in recent years and has good application prospect.
The normal working temperature of the fuel cell is 60-80 ℃, the working efficiency is reduced due to too low temperature, the membrane electrode loses water due to too high temperature, the cell is damaged, the accurate temperature control is realized, the working efficiency and the operation safety of the fuel cell are improved, and the problem of heat management design is solved.
The main product of the fuel cell reaction is water, water exists in the cathode and the anode of the fuel cell during and after the operation of each time, if the shutdown temperature is below 0 ℃, the water can freeze, the catalyst and the proton exchange membrane on the membrane electrode are covered, so the starting reaction performance of the fuel cell is influenced, the reaction can not be carried out completely when the cooling is serious, and even the membrane electrode can not be restored to be damaged. Therefore, the cold start capability of the proton exchange membrane is one of the major bottlenecks in the commercialization process.
In the prior art, the fuel cell automobile generally directly adopts an electric heater for heating in winter, the energy consumption and the continuous mileage of the automobile are seriously influenced, the waste heat of the fuel cell is not comprehensively utilized, the running cost of the fuel cell for the automobile is increased, and the industrialization process of the fuel cell automobile is hindered.
Stable and reliable operation of fuel cell thermal management systems is also a significant problem in current thermal management system designs.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to effectively control the operating temperature of the fuel cell in an optimal range in the thermal management system of the prior art hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, a set of cooling water path system needs to be designed, and the water path system generally consists of a water pump 09, a thermostat 08, a water heater 05, an ion exchanger 010, an expansion water tank 01 and a bypass branch. When the water temperature at the water outlet of the fuel cell is below 60 ℃, the cooling system pumps water by a water pump, the water directly flows through the fuel cell stack 03 through a water heater branch and then flows into the water pump for small circulation, when the water temperature at the water outlet of the fuel cell stack is between 60 ℃ and 70 ℃, a thermostat is partially opened, the cooling water is divided into two paths after passing through the water pump, one path is converged by the heater branch, the other path is converged by a fuel cell radiator 06 and then flows through the fuel cell, and then the cooling water flows into the water pump for circulation; when the water temperature at the water outlet of the fuel cell is above 70 ℃, the thermostat is fully opened, cooling water directly flows into the radiator through the thermostat, then flows into the fuel cell, and then flows into the water pump for circulation, wherein the operation of the water pump and the electronic fan 07 is controlled by the controller according to the water temperature difference of the fuel cell and the water temperature at the water outlet, and the operation is carried out according to a preset logic, so that the working temperature of the fuel cell is maintained between 60 ℃ and 80 ℃.
In order to realize low-temperature (-20 ℃) storage and starting of a fuel cell system, an auxiliary water heating scheme is generally adopted in the prior art. When the water temperature of the fuel cell is lower than minus 20 ℃, in order to start the fuel cell as soon as possible, the controller starts the water pump for 3s according to the water temperature, then starts the water heater 05, heats the fuel cell to the condition of normal start through the heat conduction of cooling water, the controller 011 closes the heater, and the fuel cell enters a start program to realize start-up operation.
In the prior art, a high-temperature cooling and low-temperature heating scheme of a fuel cell is generally adopted, and the heat management system has the defects of difficult degassing, poor operation reliability, low energy utilization rate and the like in the actual operation process of the heat management system, and the problems of recycling of heat generated by the reaction of the fuel cell during industrialization, and the like are not considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a thermal management system and a control method for a hydrogen fuel cell automobile, which aim to solve the problem that the prior art does not have the waste heat utilization and degassing of a fuel cell, and cannot influence the low-temperature starting effect while increasing the waste heat utilization.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a hydrogen fuel cell automotive thermal management system comprising:
the expansion kettle is connected with a water inlet of the water pump through a water pipeline and is respectively connected with the fuel cell stack and the ion exchanger through an air pipe;
the water outlet of the water pump is connected with the inlet of the electronic thermostat through a pipeline;
the first outlet of the electronic thermostat is connected with the inlet of the water heater, and the second outlet of the electronic thermostat is connected with the inlet of the fuel cell radiator;
the outlet of the fuel cell radiator and the outlet of the water heater are respectively connected with the inlet of the electromagnetic valve and the inlet of the fuel cell stack through pipelines; the fuel cell radiator is connected with the ion exchanger through an air pipe;
the outlet of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet of the water heating heat exchanger;
the outlet of the fuel cell stack and the outlet of the water heating heat exchanger are both connected with the water inlet of the water pump;
the fuel cell stack outlet water temperature sensor, the fuel cell stack inlet water temperature sensor, the air heater, the electromagnetic valve, the electronic thermostat and the water pump are all in electric signal connection with the controller.
And a check valve and a throttle valve are arranged on an air pipe between the fuel cell stack and the expansion kettle.
An electronic fan is included, opposite the fuel cell heat sink.
A control method for thermal management of a hydrogen fuel cell automobile utilizes the thermal management system of any one of the above, and comprises the following steps:
the controller receives the start instruction, and the controller judges whether the external environment temperature is lower than a first set temperature value, if so, the controller judges:
if the water temperature at the outlet of the fuel cell stack is lower than a second set temperature value, the controller sends a water pump starting instruction, and the water pump operates for a first set time according to a preset rotating speed;
and the controller sends a water heater starting instruction, and when the water temperature at the outlet of the fuel cell stack reaches a low-temperature starting condition, the controller sends a water heater closing instruction.
The controller controls the electromagnetic valve to be closed, and the water way is that the water pump returns to the water pump after passing through the water heater and the fuel cell stack.
A control method for thermal management of a hydrogen fuel cell automobile utilizes the thermal management system of any one of the above, and comprises the following steps:
the controller receives a heating signal of an air conditioner panel, judges whether the fuel cell stack is in a normal working state or not, and opens the electromagnetic valve if the fuel cell stack works normally;
the controller detects the temperature of the passenger compartment and calculates the difference value with the temperature requirement of the heating signal of the air-conditioning panel, and if the difference value is within a set range, the air heater is not started;
if the difference value is a positive value and is outside a set range, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to reduce the opening;
if the difference value is a negative value and is outside the set range, the controller controls the air heater to be started by a corresponding amount.
When the water temperature at the outlet of the fuel cell stack is higher than 60 ℃, the electronic thermostat starts to be opened;
when the water temperature at the outlet of the fuel cell stack is between 60 and 70 ℃, water flows through a water pump and then is divided into two paths, one path passes through a water heater, the other path passes through a fuel cell radiator, one path flows through the fuel cell stack after the water flows are converged, and the other path flows into a water heating heat exchanger; then the water is collected into a water pump for circulation;
when the water temperature at the outlet of the fuel cell stack is higher than 70 ℃, water flow passes through the water pump and then is completely subjected to the fuel cell radiator, the controller adjusts according to the difference between the water temperature sensor at the inlet of the fuel cell and the water temperature sensor at the outlet of the fuel cell, and simultaneously controls the air volume of the electronic fan to realize that the water temperature is controlled within a set range.
If no heating requirement exists, the electromagnetic valve is closed, and the water channels all flow through the fuel cell stack and then enter the water pump for circulation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the restriction that the conventional fuel cell cannot be started at the condition of low ambient temperature is overcome, and the auxiliary water heating scheme is designed in the small circulation branch, so that the low-temperature quick start of the fuel cell is realized, and the adaptability of the fuel cell in the low-temperature environment is improved.
The auxiliary air conditioner water heating heat exchange system is added to the fuel cell water path system, waste heat recycling of the fuel cell is achieved, the power consumption requirement of the air heater is reduced, the electric energy of the whole vehicle is saved, and the mileage of the vehicle in winter is increased.
Through the design improvement of the fuel cell degassing device, the degassing problem of the fuel cell waterway system in the filling and running processes is solved, and the working reliability of the fuel cell thermal management system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system for a prior art hydrogen fuel cell vehicle;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
01 expansion water kettle, 02 fuel cell stack inlet water temperature sensor, 03 fuel cell stack, 04 fuel cell stack outlet water temperature sensor, 05 water heater, 06 fuel cell radiator, 07 electronic fan, 08 thermostat, 09 water pump, 010 ion exchanger, 011 controller, 1 expansion water kettle, 2 one-way valve, 3 throttle valve, 4 fuel cell stack inlet water temperature sensor, 5 fuel cell stack, 6 fuel cell stack outlet water temperature sensor, 7 solenoid valve, 8 water heating heat exchanger, 9 air heater, 10 water heater, 11 fuel cell radiator, 12 electronic fan, 13 electronic thermostat, 14 water pump, 15 ion exchanger, 16 controller.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below by examples, and the following examples are only exemplary and can be used only for explaining and explaining the technical solutions of the present invention, but not construed as limiting the technical solutions of the present invention.
The present application provides a thermal management system for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, as shown in fig. 2, including:
the expansion kettle 1 is connected with a water inlet of a water pump 14 through a water pipeline and is respectively connected with an outlet of the fuel cell stack 5 and an outlet of an ion exchanger 15 through an air pipe; be provided with check valve 2 and choke valve 3 on the trachea between expansion kettle and fuel cell pile, wherein the choke valve sets up between check valve and fuel cell pile, reduces the discharge that gets into the expansion kettle, has effectively prevented that fuel cell pile and fuel cell radiator degasification pressure disequilibrium from leading to the water route to scurry each other, lead to the not smooth problem of degasification. The electronic fan 12 is disposed opposite the fuel cell radiator 11.
The water outlet of the water pump 14 is connected with the inlet of the electronic thermostat 13 through a pipeline.
The first outlet of the electronic thermostat is connected to the inlet of the water heater 10, and the second outlet is connected to the inlet of the fuel cell radiator.
The outlet of the fuel cell radiator and the outlet of the water heater are respectively connected with the inlet of the electromagnetic valve 7 and the inlet of the fuel cell stack 5 through pipelines; the fuel cell radiator is connected to the ion exchanger 15 through a gas pipe.
The outlet of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet of the water heating heat exchanger 8.
The outlet of the fuel cell stack and the outlet of the water heating heat exchanger are both connected with the water inlet of the water pump.
The fuel cell stack outlet water temperature sensor 6, the fuel cell stack inlet water temperature sensor 4, the air heater 9, the electromagnetic valve 7, the electronic thermostat 13 and the water pump 14 are all in electric signal connection with the controller 16.
The hydrogen fuel cell automobile thermal management system forms the following flow paths:
and in the first flow path, water flow returns to the water inlet of the water pump from the outlet of the water pump, the inlet of the electronic thermostat, the first outlet of the electronic thermostat, the inlet of the water heater, the outlet of the water heater, the inlet of the fuel cell stack and the outlet of the fuel cell stack in sequence, and at the moment, the electromagnetic valve is closed.
The water flow is divided into two flow paths, namely a third flow path and a fourth flow path after sequentially passing through the outlet of the water pump and the inlet of the electric thermostat;
part of water flow returns to the water inlet of the water pump from the first outlet of the electronic thermostat, the inlet of the water heater, the outlet of the water heater, the inlet of the fuel cell stack and the outlet of the fuel cell stack;
the other part of water flow returns to the water inlet of the water pump from the second outlet of the electronic thermostat, the inlet of the fuel cell radiator, the outlet of the fuel cell radiator, the inlet of the fuel cell stack and the outlet of the fuel cell stack;
and the fourth flow path is that part of water flow passes through the inlet of the fuel cell stack and the inlet of the water heating heat exchanger respectively after passing through the first outlet of the electronic thermostat, the inlet of the water heater and the outlet of the water heater, and then is converged through the outlet of the fuel cell stack and the outlet of the water heating heat exchanger and then returns to the water inlet of the water pump.
The fifth flow path is that the water flow flows from the water outlet of the water pump to the inlet of the electronic thermostat, flows from the second outlet of the electronic thermostat, passes through the inlet of the fuel cell radiator, the outlet of the fuel cell radiator, passes through the inlet of the fuel cell stack, and returns to the water inlet of the water pump after the outlet of the fuel cell stack.
The sixth flow path is that water flow flows from the water outlet of the water pump to the inlet of the electronic thermostat, flows from the second outlet of the electronic thermostat to the inlet of the fuel cell radiator, and after the outlet of the fuel cell radiator, part of the water flow passes through the outlet of the fuel cell radiator and the inlet of the fuel cell stack, and returns to the water inlet of the water pump after the outlet of the fuel cell stack; the other part of water flow returns to the water inlet of the water pump after passing through the electromagnetic valve, the inlet of the water heating heat exchanger and the outlet of the water heating heat exchanger.
The application provides a thermal management control method of a hydrogen fuel cell automobile, which uses the thermal management system,
low-temperature heating of the fuel cell stack: under the condition of low ambient temperature, such as below-10 ℃, the first set temperature can be modified according to different regions, the controller receives a starting instruction, the controller judges whether the external ambient temperature is lower than the first set temperature value, if so, the controller judges that:
if the water temperature at the outlet of the fuel cell stack is lower than a second set temperature value, such as 10 ℃, the controller sends a water pump starting instruction, and the water pump operates for 3s according to a preset rotating speed;
and the controller sends a water heater starting instruction, and when the water temperature at the outlet of the fuel cell stack reaches a low-temperature starting condition, the controller sends a water heater closing instruction.
The controller controls the electromagnetic valve to be closed, and the water way is that the water pump returns to the water pump after passing through the water heater and the fuel cell stack.
When the fuel cell stack is heated at low temperature and the whole vehicle is heated, in order to preferentially ensure that the temperature of the fuel cell stack is quickly raised to be higher than 0 ℃, the cold start work is realized as soon as possible, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve of the water channel of the air-conditioning warm air system not to be opened, the water channel is pumped into the water heater from the water pump at the moment, the water heater flows through the fuel cell stack, the heat of the water heater is transferred to the fuel cell stack through cooling water, so that the water temperature of the fuel cell stack reaches the cold start condition as soon as possible, and the fuel cell stack.
And when the fuel cell stack is in a normal working mode and warm air is started:
the controller receives a heating signal of an air conditioner panel, judges whether the fuel cell stack is in a normal working state or not, and opens the electromagnetic valve if the fuel cell stack works normally;
the controller detects the temperature of the passenger compartment and calculates the difference value with the temperature requirement of the heating signal of the air-conditioning panel, and if the difference value is within a set range, the air heater is not started;
if the difference value is a positive value and is outside a set range, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to reduce the opening;
if the difference value is a negative value and is outside the set range, the controller controls the air heater to be started by a corresponding amount. Therefore, the waste heat of the fuel cell stack is effectively utilized to heat the passenger compartment, the working load and time of the air heater are reduced, the electric quantity consumption of the whole vehicle is saved, and the endurance mileage in winter is increased.
When the fuel cell stack requires heat dissipation in a small cycle: and when the water temperature at the outlet of the fuel cell stack is higher than 60 ℃, the electronic thermostat starts to be opened.
When the water temperature at the outlet of the fuel cell stack is between 60 and 70 ℃, water flows through a water pump and then is divided into two paths, one path passes through a water heater, the other path passes through a fuel cell radiator, one path flows through the fuel cell stack after the water flows are converged, and the other path flows into a water heating heat exchanger; then the water is collected into a water pump for circulation.
When the water temperature at the outlet of the fuel cell stack is higher than 70 ℃, water flow passes through the water pump and then is completely subjected to the fuel cell radiator, the controller adjusts according to the difference between the water temperature sensor at the inlet of the fuel cell and the water temperature sensor at the outlet of the fuel cell, and simultaneously controls the air volume of the electronic fan to realize that the water temperature is controlled within a set range.
If no heating requirement exists, the electromagnetic valve is closed, and the water channels all flow through the fuel cell stack and then enter the water pump for circulation.
Fuel cell stack degassing: the fuel cell system can generate a large amount of bubbles in the operation process, the invention improves the prior design, and the prior design is only used for degassing through a fuel cell radiator, when the system is in a small circulation state or is filled in an initial system, the prior system can not realize degassing, and the operation of the system is influenced by the existence of a large amount of bubbles in a waterway system in the operation process of the system.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A hydrogen fuel cell automotive thermal management system, comprising:
the expansion kettle is connected with a water inlet of the water pump through a water pipeline and is respectively connected with the fuel cell stack and the ion exchanger through an air pipe;
the water outlet of the water pump is connected with the inlet of the electronic thermostat through a pipeline;
the first outlet of the electronic thermostat is connected with the inlet of the water heater, and the second outlet of the electronic thermostat is connected with the inlet of the fuel cell radiator;
the outlet of the fuel cell radiator and the outlet of the water heater are respectively connected with the inlet of the electromagnetic valve and the inlet of the fuel cell stack through pipelines; the fuel cell radiator is connected with the ion exchanger through an air pipe;
the outlet of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the inlet of the water heating heat exchanger;
the outlet of the fuel cell stack and the outlet of the water heating heat exchanger are both connected with the water inlet of the water pump;
the fuel cell stack outlet water temperature sensor, the fuel cell stack inlet water temperature sensor, the air heater, the electromagnetic valve, the electronic thermostat and the water pump are all in electric signal connection with the controller;
and a check valve and a throttle valve are arranged on an air pipe between the fuel cell stack and the expansion kettle.
2. The hydrogen fuel cell automotive thermal management system of claim 1, comprising an electronic fan opposite the fuel cell heat sink.
3. A control method for thermal management of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, using the thermal management system of any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized by comprising the steps of:
the controller receives the start instruction, and the controller judges whether the external environment temperature is lower than a first set temperature value, if so, the controller judges:
if the water temperature at the outlet of the fuel cell stack is lower than a second set temperature value, the controller sends a water pump starting instruction, and the water pump operates for a first set time according to a preset rotating speed;
and the controller sends a water heater starting instruction, and when the water temperature at the outlet of the fuel cell stack reaches a low-temperature starting condition, the controller sends a water heater closing instruction.
4. The control method for the thermal management of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile according to claim 3, wherein the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to be closed, and a water path is that a water pump returns to the water pump after passing through the water heater and the fuel cell stack.
5. A control method for thermal management of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, using the thermal management system of any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized by comprising the steps of:
the controller receives a heating signal of an air conditioner panel, judges whether the fuel cell stack is in a normal working state or not, and opens the electromagnetic valve if the fuel cell stack works normally;
the controller detects the temperature of the passenger compartment and calculates the difference value with the temperature requirement of the heating signal of the air-conditioning panel, and if the difference value is within a set range, the air heater is not started;
if the difference value is a positive value and is outside a set range, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to reduce the opening;
if the difference value is a negative value and is outside the set range, the controller controls the air heater to be started by a corresponding amount.
6. The control method for the thermal management of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile according to claim 5, wherein when the temperature of the water at the outlet of the fuel cell stack is higher than 60 ℃, an electronic thermostat starts to be opened;
when the water temperature at the outlet of the fuel cell stack is between 60 and 70 ℃, water flows through a water pump and then is divided into two paths, one path passes through a water heater, the other path passes through a fuel cell radiator, one path flows through the fuel cell stack after the water flows are converged, and the other path flows into a water heating heat exchanger; then the water is collected into a water pump for circulation;
when the water temperature at the outlet of the fuel cell stack is higher than 70 ℃, water flow passes through the water pump and then is completely subjected to the fuel cell radiator, the controller adjusts according to the difference between the water temperature sensor at the inlet of the fuel cell and the water temperature sensor at the outlet of the fuel cell, and simultaneously controls the air volume of the electronic fan to realize that the water temperature is controlled within a set range.
7. The control method for the thermal management of the hydrogen fuel cell automobile according to claim 6, wherein if no heating demand exists, the electromagnetic valve is closed, and the water channel completely flows through the fuel cell stack and then enters the water pump for circulation.
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| CN108859661A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-11-23 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | A kind of hydrogen fuel cell car warm air system and control method |
| CN110165247B (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2021-04-20 | 浙江大学 | Fuel cell automobile thermal management system with cold start function and control method thereof |
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