CN108859661A - A kind of hydrogen fuel cell car warm air system and control method - Google Patents

A kind of hydrogen fuel cell car warm air system and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108859661A
CN108859661A CN201810810811.6A CN201810810811A CN108859661A CN 108859661 A CN108859661 A CN 108859661A CN 201810810811 A CN201810810811 A CN 201810810811A CN 108859661 A CN108859661 A CN 108859661A
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China
Prior art keywords
warm
fuel cell
hydrogen fuel
heater
warm wind
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Withdrawn
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CN201810810811.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
白立柱
徐梓傲
王斌
郭瑞
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China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Jinan Power Co Ltd
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China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Jinan Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810810811.6A priority Critical patent/CN108859661A/en
Publication of CN108859661A publication Critical patent/CN108859661A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00385Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
    • B60H1/00392Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00735Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/02Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/03Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant and from a source other than the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/034Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant and from a source other than the propulsion plant from the cooling liquid of the propulsion plant and from an electric heating device

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of hydrogen fuel cell car warm air systems, including entire car controller, hydrogen fuel cell, heat exchanger, warm wind heat transfer loop, temperature sensor;Wherein, hydrogen fuel cell has battery soft circulation circuit;Include the two independent channels conducted heat mutually in the heat exchanger, is connected to respectively with the battery soft circulation circuit with warm wind heat transfer loop;The temperature sensor is set in heat exchanger in the channel for being connected to warm wind heat transfer loop;The warm wind heat transfer loop includes warm wind medium pipeline, warm-air water pump, heater and interior heater;The temperature sensor, hydrogen fuel cell are connected separately entire car controller;The entire car controller connects and controls the opening and closing of hydrogen fuel cell, warm-air water pump, heater.The present invention also provides the control methods of the warm air system, including three kinds of operating conditions.The present invention is designed by new circuit, solves problems of the prior art, has positive technical meaning.

Description

A kind of hydrogen fuel cell car warm air system and control method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hydrogen fuel cell car warm air system and control methods, belong to integral new-energy passenger technology neck Domain.
Background technique
In current automobile industry, new-energy automobile has become the direction of development.In integral new-energy passenger, including multiple skills Art direction, wherein operation component is few, racks up completely without harmful feature with it for hydrogen fuel cell car, becomes great development prospect It is a kind of.But meanwhile hydrogen fuel cell car also has that cooling system heat dissipation capacity is big, cold-starting is difficult, it is severe to require coolant liquid Carve etc. work characteristics so that the subsystem of hydrogen fuel cell car in specific requirement with common internal combustion engine car difference compared with Greatly.
In car, for the winter riding comfort of passenger, it is equipped with warm air system;Passenger coach load warm wind common at present System generally uses cooling water warm air system, independent warm air system or electric heating wind system.For hydrogen fuel cell car, by It is extremely harsh to requirements such as coolant liquid impurity and conductivity in hydrogen fuel cell, therefore fuel cell heat transfer water need to be isolated from the outside Operation, cannot directly enter vehicle warm air system as vehicle warm wind heat source to heat air;Independent warm air system needs additional Separate fuel is consumed, the increase of vehicle harmful exhaust emissions is not only will cause, can also improve vehicle operating cost;Electric heating wind system is then It needs to consume extremely more electric energy, will be greatly reduced vehicle course continuation mileage and vehicle driving performance.Therefore, common in the art Vehicle-mounted warm air system is poorly suited for hydrogen fuel cell car application.
In conclusion designing a kind of warm air system that can evade above-mentioned insufficient suitable hydrogen fuel cell car situation, supply Vehicle-mounted use is those skilled in the art's urgent problem to be solved.It is also desirable to design a kind of warm wind for meeting operation and needing System control method.
At present it is not yet found that closing the report of similar techniques.
Summary of the invention
In the prior art, common car warm air system, which exists, is not suitable for the circulatory system, will lead to discharge increase, influences The problems such as vehicle performance, therefore it is not suitable for hydrogen fuel cell car application;To solve these problems, the present invention provides a kind of hydrogen Fuel battery passenger car warm air system and control method not only may be used by newly-designed heat-exchange system and corresponding control flow With the waste heat of effective recycling hydrogen fuel cell, it converts the waste heat of hydrogen fuel cell to the heat source of vehicle warm air system, also The heat dissipation load of hydrogen fuel cell can be reduced, improves the environmental suitability of hydrogen fuel car, while can also be to hydrogen fuel electricity Pond is reversely heated, and the starting performance of hydrogen fuel cell is promoted.
The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
A kind of hydrogen fuel cell car warm air system, which is characterized in that including:Entire car controller, hydrogen fuel cell, heat exchange Device, warm wind heat transfer loop, temperature sensor;
Wherein, hydrogen fuel cell has battery soft circulation circuit;
Include the two independent channels conducted heat mutually in the heat exchanger, respectively with the battery soft circulation circuit and warm wind Heat transfer loop connection;
The temperature sensor is set in heat exchanger in the channel for being connected to warm wind heat transfer loop;
The warm wind heat transfer loop include warm wind medium pipeline and the warm-air water pump being set on warm wind medium pipeline, heater and Interior heater;
The temperature sensor, hydrogen fuel cell are connected separately entire car controller;
The entire car controller connects and controls the opening and closing of hydrogen fuel cell, warm-air water pump, heater.
Preferably, the heater is ptc heater, is powered by vehicle power supply;The car heater includes blower And warm-air exchanger.
Preferably, in the heat exchanger, battery soft circulation circuit is opposite with the medium of warm wind heat transfer loop flow direction.
The present invention also provides following technical solutions:
A kind of any of the above-described hydrogen fuel cell car warm air system control method, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
The selection of step 1 operating condition:After entire car controller receives warm air system enabling signal, control warm-air water pump is opened, and is persistently adopted Collect temperature T in hydrogen fuel cell work feedback signal K value and warm wind medium pipeline;
As K=0, determine that hydrogen fuel cell is in shutdown status and is transferred to step 2 into start operating performance;
As K=1, determines that hydrogen fuel cell is in running order, T is compared with set temperature T1;As T≤T1, into again Heating cycle is closed, step 3 is transferred to;As T > T1, into single heating cycle, it is transferred to step 4;
Step 2 start operating performance:T is compared with hydrogen fuel cell start-up temperature setting value T0;
As T≤T0, vehicle control unit controls heater starting;
As T > T0, vehicle control unit controls heater is closed, warm-air water pump is run;
Step 3 composite heating operating condition:Vehicle control unit controls heater is opened, warm-air water pump is run;
Step 4 list heating cycle:Vehicle control unit controls heater is closed, warm-air water pump is run.
The present invention has the following advantages that:
(1)Vehicle warm air system can be converted by the waste heat of hydrogen fuel cell with the waste heat of effective recycling hydrogen fuel cell Heat source, reduce warm air system energy consumption;
(2)The heat dissipation load of hydrogen fuel cell can also be reduced, the environmental suitability of hydrogen fuel car is improved;
(3)Hydrogen fuel cell can reversely be heated, promote the starting performance of hydrogen fuel cell.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the present invention schematic illustration;
Fig. 2 is start operating performance heat transfer schematic block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is composite heating operating condition heat transfer schematic block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is list heating cycle heat transfer schematic block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is control logic schematic block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein:1, hydrogen fuel cell, 2, heat exchanger, 3, temperature sensor, 4, entire car controller, 5, ptc heater, 6, vehicle Interior heater, 7, warm-air water pump, 8, battery soft circulation circuit, 9, warm wind heat transfer loop, 10, warm wind medium pipeline.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment is a kind of hydrogen fuel cell car warm air system, including:Entire car controller 4, hydrogen combustion Expect battery 1, heat exchanger 2, warm wind heat transfer loop 9, temperature sensor 3;
Wherein, the entire car controller 4 is CAN bus type using entire car controller 4 used in former vehicle;The temperature sensor 3, Hydrogen fuel cell 1 is connected separately entire car controller 4;
The starting of hydrogen fuel cell 1 is also to lead to switch control harness using battery used in former vehicle and working condition is fed back Harness is connected to the signal input/output port of entire car controller 4.
Hydrogen fuel cell 1 is general all to have battery soft circulation circuit;Battery soft circulation circuit 8 in the present embodiment carries out Part is changed, and heat exchanger 2 is additionally arranged;The heat exchanger 2 uses double back pipeline heat exchanger, and inside includes two to conduct heat mutually The independent channel of item is connected to the battery soft circulation circuit 8 with warm wind heat transfer loop 9 respectively.The heat exchanger 2 is interior changes Thermal, outside use vacuum insulation structure, guarantee that heat exchanger 2 does not carry out heat with external environment and exchanges;Internal structure is Aluminum plate fin heat exchange structure.
When the heat exchanger 2 is connect with battery soft circulation circuit 8 with warm wind heat transfer loop 9, two circuits can also be made Flow direction inside heat exchanger 2 is on the contrary, such setting can further raising heat exchanging efficiency.Because of Jie of co-flow Matter is same certain media in lasting heat transfer in the identical situation of flow velocity;With heat exchange, heat exchange is done in two circuits This certain media temperature difference it is smaller and smaller, heat exchanger effectiveness also can be lower and lower.And when flowing to opposite, then it is different portions Divide medium in constantly progress heat exchange, the temperature difference will not obviously become smaller, and heat exchanger effectiveness will not be lower.
Originally independent radiator is provided in battery soft circulation circuit 8, fuel cell coolant liquid is absorbing fuel electricity After heat of reaction in pond, heat exchanger 2 is first passed through then using the radiator of script.Stop in the warm air system of the present embodiment In the case where only working, heat exchanger 2 does not conduct heat externally, fuel battery inside heat by script radiator and external environment into Row heat exchange;When the work of the warm air system of the present embodiment, heat exchanger 2 can share the original heat dissipation system of a part of fuel cell The heat dissipation load of system.
The heat transfer medium used in battery soft circulation circuit described in the present embodiment 8 is the dedicated cooling of common fuel cell Liquid;Heat transfer medium used in warm wind heat transfer loop 9 is common anti-icing fluid.
The temperature sensor 3 is thermosensitive resistance type, is connected in the channel of warm wind heat transfer loop 9 in heat exchanger 2, Signal connecting line is connected to the temperature sensor mouth of entire car controller 4 after tube wall;In order to make design and control obtain letter Change, the present invention is only provided with a temperature sensor 3, and what when operation surveyed is heat transfer medium used in warm wind heat transfer loop 9(It can Abbreviation warm wind medium)Temperature;The temperature sensor 3 is disposed in proximity to the position of battery soft circulation circuit 8, can use this Measuring temperature estimates the temperature of battery soft circulation circuit 8, to estimate the temperature inside hydrogen fuel cell 1.Due to heat exchange Always between inside battery and battery soft circulation circuit 8, between battery soft circulation circuit 8 and warm wind heat transfer loop 9 continue into Row, it can be considered that the difference between 3 measured value of the temperature inside hydrogen fuel cell 1 and temperature sensor is smaller, directly pushes away It is fixed not influence to use.Such as in order to precisely control, for the temperature difference small between presumption temperature and actual temperature, can also lead to One penalty coefficient of measuring is crossed, is added when carrying out T0 setting, in order to which product directlys adopt in actual use.
The warm wind heat transfer loop 9 includes warm wind medium pipeline 10 and the warm-air water pump being set on warm wind medium pipeline 10 7, heater and interior heater 6;The heater is ptc heater 5;Warm-air water pump 7, heater and interior heater 6 are powered by vehicle power supply;The car heater 6 includes blower and warm-air exchanger, is all made of existing universal component, Wherein warm-air exchanger provides the heat source of warm wind, and blower provides the wind regime of warm wind.Blower described in the present embodiment is 305 nothing of diameter Brush blower;Warm-air exchanger can be single loop finned heat exchanger, and home loop accesses warm wind medium pipeline 10, using from combustion The heat that material battery transmitting comes makes the fin of warm-air exchanger heat up, and the distinguished and admirable of the blowout of blower is heated through fin, until The exit of interior heater 6 becomes warm wind, into the car.
Tubing used by the warm wind medium pipeline 10 is ethylene propylene diene rubber.
Warm-air water pump 7 described in the present embodiment is brushless electronic water pump, ptc heater 5 is higfh-tension ceramics heater, heating Power is 5KW, and ptc heater inlet and outlet are connect by Sebific duct hoop with warm wind medium pipeline, is equipped with control line;The control Line is separately connected the water pump control mouth of entire car controller 4, ptc heater control mouth, makes warm-air water pump 7 and ptc heater 5 can be with It is opened and closed under the signal control of entire car controller 4.
The present invention includes three kinds of operating conditions:Start operating performance, composite heating operating condition, single heating cycle,
Start operating performance:Entire car controller 4 controls ptc heater 5 and warm-air water pump 7 works, to the heat transfer in warm wind heat transfer loop 9 Medium is heated, and then reversed heat exchange is carried out by heat exchanger 2 and battery soft circulation circuit 8, to reach fast speed heat The purpose of machine, needed for so that the temperature of fuel cell is reached starting as early as possible, it is common to be to aid in original heating system for warm air system at this time Effect;This operating condition vehicle heat flow direction is as shown in Figure 2;
Composite heating operating condition:When environment temperature is lower or hydrogen fuel cell 1 is in compared with low heat loads operating condition, entire car controller 4 control ptc heaters 5 work, with hydrogen fuel cell 1 collectively as the heat source of vehicle warm air system;Heat transfer direction at this time As shown in Figure 3;
Single heating cycle:When environment temperature is higher or hydrogen fuel cell 1 is in compared under high heat load operating condition, can only make Use heat exchanger 2 as the heat source of vehicle warm air system;Heat transfer direction is as shown in Figure 4.
The control method of warm air system described in the present embodiment, as shown in figure 5, including the following steps:
The selection of step 1 operating condition:After entire car controller 4 receives the warm air system enabling signal that heater switch is sent, to warm wind water Pump 7 sends starting-up signal, the work feedback signal K value of continuous collecting hydrogen fuel cell 1 and warm wind heat-transfer medium temperature T;
As K=0, determine that hydrogen fuel cell 1 is in shutdown status and is transferred to step 2 into start operating performance;
As K=1, determine that hydrogen fuel cell 1 is in running order, by T and set temperature T1(T1 setting value is 5 DEG C, works as temperature When lower than 5 DEG C, fuel battery inside can freeze, and can not normally start)It is compared;As T≤T1, into composite heating operating condition, It is transferred to step 3;As T > T1, into single heating cycle, it is transferred to step 4;
Step 2 start operating performance:By T and 1 start-up temperature setting value T0 of hydrogen fuel cell(It is determined by fuel cell self-characteristic)Into Row compares;
As T≤T0, entire car controller 4 sends starting-up signal to ptc heater 5, controls its starting;Warm-air water pump is not given simultaneously 7 send control instruction, remain operational it;
As T > T0, entire car controller 4 sends off signal to ptc heater 5, controls its closing;Warm-air water pump is not given simultaneously 7 send control instruction, remain operational it;
Step 3 composite heating operating condition:Entire car controller 4 sends starting-up signal to ptc heater 5, controls its starting;Simultaneously not Control instruction is sent to warm-air water pump 7, remains operational it;
Step 4 list heating cycle:Entire car controller 4 sends off signal to ptc heater 5, makes its closing;Simultaneously not to warm Geomantic omen pump 7 sends control instruction, remains operational it;
Step 5 is closed:When entire car controller 4 receives the shutdown signal that heater switch is sent, respectively to 5 He of ptc heater Warm-air water pump 7 sends shutdown signal, to stop the operation of warm air system.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. A variety of modifications of embodiment will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, it is as defined herein general Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, not be described in detail The part presented with partial enlargement is the prior art, herein without repeating.Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to herein Shown in these embodiments, and be to fit to the widest scope consistent with principles disclosed herein and feature.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of hydrogen fuel cell car warm air system, which is characterized in that including:Entire car controller(4), hydrogen fuel cell(1), Heat exchanger(2), warm wind heat transfer loop(9), temperature sensor(3);
Wherein, hydrogen fuel cell(1)With battery soft circulation circuit(8);
The heat exchanger(2)Interior two independent channels including conducting heat mutually, respectively with the battery soft circulation circuit(8) With warm wind heat transfer loop(9)Connection;
The temperature sensor(3)Set on heat exchanger(2)Middle connection warm wind heat transfer loop(9)Channel in;
The warm wind heat transfer loop(9)Including warm wind medium pipeline(10)Be set to warm wind medium pipeline(10)On warm wind water Pump(7), heater and interior heater(6);
The temperature sensor(3), hydrogen fuel cell(1)It is connected separately entire car controller(4);
The entire car controller(4)It connects and controls hydrogen fuel cell(1), warm-air water pump(7), heater opening and closing.
2. hydrogen fuel cell car warm air system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heater adds for PTC Hot device(5), powered by vehicle power supply;The car heater(6)Including blower and warm-air exchanger.
3. hydrogen fuel cell car warm air system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat exchanger(2)It is interior, Battery soft circulation circuit(8)With warm wind heat transfer loop(9)Medium flow direction it is opposite.
4. the control method of any hydrogen fuel cell car warm air system described in a kind of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that Include the following steps:
The selection of step 1 operating condition:Entire car controller(4)After receiving vehicle launch signal, warm-air water pump is controlled(7)It opens, continues Acquire hydrogen fuel cell(1)The feedback signal K value that works and warm wind medium pipeline(10)Interior temperature T;
As K=0, hydrogen fuel cell is determined(1)Step 2 is transferred into start operating performance in shutdown status;
As K=1, hydrogen fuel cell is determined(1)It is in running order, T is compared with set temperature T1;As T≤T1, into Enter composite heating operating condition, is transferred to step 3;As T > T1, into single heating cycle, it is transferred to step 4;
Step 2 start operating performance:By T and hydrogen fuel cell(1)Start-up temperature setting value T0 is compared;
As T≤T0, entire car controller(4)Control heater starting;
As T > T0, entire car controller(4)Control heater closing, warm-air water pump(7)Operation, hydrogen fuel cell(1)Starting;
Step 3 composite heating operating condition:Entire car controller(4)Control heater unlatching, warm-air water pump(7)Operation;
Step 4 list heating cycle:Entire car controller(4)Control heater closing, warm-air water pump(7)Operation.
CN201810810811.6A 2018-07-23 2018-07-23 A kind of hydrogen fuel cell car warm air system and control method Withdrawn CN108859661A (en)

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CN112721569A (en) * 2021-01-18 2021-04-30 清华大学 Braking energy catcher for improving heating of hydrogen fuel cell automobile and heating method thereof
CN112793385A (en) * 2021-01-18 2021-05-14 清华大学 Braking energy catcher for hydrogen fuel cell automobile and control method thereof
CN113386530A (en) * 2021-07-29 2021-09-14 东风商用车有限公司 Heat management system and method of new energy automobile and automobile with heat management system
CN114571947A (en) * 2022-03-18 2022-06-03 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 Integrated air conditioning system for cooling battery and refrigerating passengers and control method

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CN112721569A (en) * 2021-01-18 2021-04-30 清华大学 Braking energy catcher for improving heating of hydrogen fuel cell automobile and heating method thereof
CN112793385A (en) * 2021-01-18 2021-05-14 清华大学 Braking energy catcher for hydrogen fuel cell automobile and control method thereof
CN112793385B (en) * 2021-01-18 2024-06-11 清华大学 Brake energy catcher for hydrogen fuel cell automobile and control method thereof
CN113386530A (en) * 2021-07-29 2021-09-14 东风商用车有限公司 Heat management system and method of new energy automobile and automobile with heat management system
CN114571947A (en) * 2022-03-18 2022-06-03 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 Integrated air conditioning system for cooling battery and refrigerating passengers and control method
CN114571947B (en) * 2022-03-18 2024-03-15 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 Integrated air conditioning system for cooling battery and refrigerating passenger and control method

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