CN111370804B - Electricity-electricity mixed fuel cell automobile water heat management system and control method thereof - Google Patents

Electricity-electricity mixed fuel cell automobile water heat management system and control method thereof Download PDF

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CN111370804B
CN111370804B CN202010089864.0A CN202010089864A CN111370804B CN 111370804 B CN111370804 B CN 111370804B CN 202010089864 A CN202010089864 A CN 202010089864A CN 111370804 B CN111370804 B CN 111370804B
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electric
fuel cell
temperature
way valve
water
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CN111370804A (en
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徐晓明
仝光耀
袁秋奇
杨宜
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/40—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04037—Electrical heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04701—Temperature
    • H01M8/04723—Temperature of the coolant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
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    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04768—Pressure; Flow of the coolant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/40—Combination of fuel cells with other energy production systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Abstract

The invention discloses an electricity-electricity hybrid fuel cell automobile water heat management system and a control method thereof, wherein the electricity-electricity hybrid fuel cell automobile water heat management system comprises a fuel cell stack, a power cell system, a power cell heat management system, a fuel cell cooling system, a controller and a detection unit; the power battery heat management system comprises a first electric three-way valve, a PTC heater, a second electric three-way valve, a power battery system, a second water pump, a third electric three-way valve, a radiator fan and a radiator; the fuel cell cooling system comprises a first water pump, a first electric three-way valve, a radiator fan, a third electric three-way valve, a heat preservation water storage tank, a fuel cell stack and a condenser; the detection unit includes two temperature detection units and a pressure detection unit. And the controller controls the working states of the PTC heater, the water pump and the radiator fan according to the detection result of the temperature detection unit, so that the low-temperature cold start and the constant-temperature running state control of the fuel cell system and the power cell system are performed.

Description

Electricity-electricity mixed fuel cell automobile water heat management system and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal management of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a water-heat management system structure of an electric-electric hybrid fuel cell automobile and a control method thereof.
Background
Along with the shortage of fossil energy, the research and development of countries and large automobile enterprises in the world gradually turn to the development of new energy power automobiles. The hydrogen energy source gradually enters the important research and development fields of various large vehicles and enterprises due to the characteristics of high efficiency, reduction of greenhouse gas emission, no pollution and the like.
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell has the advantages of 60-65 ℃ of working temperature, large current density, only water serving as a reaction product and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of transportation and vehicles. However, the current fuel cell automobile is difficult to be widely popularized and applied in China due to the problems of poor low-temperature cold start performance, poor dynamic response performance and the like of a fuel cell stack which is a core component of the current fuel cell automobile. Aiming at the problem, the technical scheme that a lithium ion power battery system and a fuel battery system are mixed to be used as an energy source is generally adopted in the industry to make up for the problem, but the technical difficulties of complex structure, high redundancy and design difficulty of a water heat management system and the like still exist in the scheme.
The hydrogel is a high molecular polymer with high water content, easy shaping and certain mechanical property. The hydrogel is used for radiating a battery module in an electric-electric hybrid fuel cell automobile, and water discharged from a fuel cell stack system is used in a lithium ion power battery system, so that the installation and design of the coolant addition system are avoided, and the utilization efficiency of energy and substances of the fuel cell is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a hydro-thermal management system of an electric-hybrid fuel cell automobile and a control method thereof, and mainly aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, and provides the hydro-thermal management method of the electric-hybrid fuel cell automobile.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an electric-electric hybrid fuel cell vehicle water heat management system comprising:
the system comprises a fuel cell stack, a power cell system, a power cell thermal management system, a fuel cell thermal management system, a controller and a detection unit; the fuel cell stack is formed by at least two single fuel cells which are stacked in a series connection mode.
The power battery system is composed of a plurality of power battery modules and a battery box body.
The power battery heat management system consists of a first electric three-way valve, a PTC heater, a second electric three-way valve, a power battery system, a second water pump, a third electric three-way valve, a radiator fan and a radiator; the cooling water is injected into the hydrogel through an external pipeline, and the cooling water in the hydrogel absorbs heat generated by the battery through being attached between the battery core and the battery core or around the module to carry out heat transfer or phase change so as to heat or cool the power battery system.
The fuel cell thermal management system consists of a third electric three-way valve consisting of a first water pump, a first electric three-way valve, a radiator and a cooling fan, a heat preservation water storage tank, a fuel cell stack and a condenser; the heat-preservation water storage tank is a heat-preservation tank body made of heat-preservation materials, stores high-temperature cooling liquid flowing out during the last operation, and flows the stored high-temperature cooling liquid into hydrogel to heat the power battery system under the low-temperature working condition; the condenser is arranged in front of the radiator and is used for condensing saturated water vapor discharged by the fuel cell into liquid water, and then the liquid water flows into a hydrogel body of the power cell thermal management system; the radiator is used for cooling the cooling liquid of the fuel cell, and forms a cooling loop with the second water pump and the heat preservation water storage tank.
The controller includes an embedded processor.
And the controller controls the working states of the PTC heater, the water pump and the radiator fan according to the detection result of the temperature detection unit, so that the low-temperature cold start and the constant-temperature running state control of the fuel cell system and the power cell system are performed.
The detection unit comprises two temperature detection units and a pressure detection unit, and the temperature detection units are respectively arranged in the fuel cell stack system and the power battery system; the pressure detection unit is arranged at the inlet of the hydrogel body to detect the pressure of the cooling liquid.
The control method comprises a temperature control method and a pressure control method:
the temperature control method comprises the following steps: the temperature detection units in the fuel cell stack and the power cell system respectively collect the temperatures of the stack and the power cell, and if the temperatures of the power cell system and the fuel cell system are lower than the starting temperature, the electric three-way valve, the PTC heater power cell system and the fuel cell stack are controlled to heat in a certain sequence;
the pressure control method comprises the following steps: collecting the pressure of cooling liquid in the hydrogel through a pressure detection unit, and if the monitored pressure value is higher than a threshold value, starting a first water pump to discharge the cooling liquid in the hydrogel, and finally reducing the pressure in the hydrogel;
in the temperature control method, under the low-temperature working condition of the power battery system, the first electric three-way valve and the second electric three-way valve are opened, and the high-temperature coolant in the heat-preservation water storage tank flows into the hydrogel, so that the temperature of the power battery system quickly reaches the starting temperature;
in the temperature control method, if the temperature of the power battery system reaches the starting temperature, the power battery system drives the PTC heater to heat the cooling liquid, the first water pump, the second water pump, the first electric three-way valve, the second electric three-way valve and the third electric three-way valve are opened, and the high-temperature liquid enters the fuel cell stack to heat the fuel cell stack;
in the temperature control method, if the temperature of the fuel cell system is too high, the cooling liquid flows through the heat-preservation water storage tank to store a part of high-temperature cooling liquid, then flows through the radiator to be cooled, and the cooling liquid cooled by the radiator is transmitted into the fuel cell stack by the water pump to be cooled;
in the temperature control method, if the temperature of the power battery is too high, water vapor and liquid water discharged by the fuel battery are cooled by the condenser and then become low-temperature liquid water, the low-temperature liquid water flows into hydrogel by controlling the opening of the second electric three-way valve and the closing of the first electric three-way valve, the low-temperature liquid water absorbs heat generated by the battery by being attached between the battery cell and the battery cell or around the module to generate phase change so as to cool or radiate the power battery system, and further the generated gas water is blown away by natural wind.
Compared with the existing electric-electric hybrid fuel cell automobile water heat management system, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the hydrogel is applied to the power battery thermal management system, so that the heat dissipation and heating effects are further improved, and the excellent working state of the power battery system is ensured;
2. according to the invention, the hydrogel is applied to enhance the performance of the thermal management system, and meanwhile, accessories such as cold plates and the like are reduced, so that the structure of the thermal management system is effectively simplified, and the weight and the cost of the thermal management system are reduced;
3. according to the invention, the fuel cell drainage system is used as the hydrogel water adding device, so that the installation difficulty of the hydrogel system is reduced, and meanwhile, the heat-preservation water storage tank is added to store high-temperature water, so that the problem that the hydrogel cannot be used for heating due to rapid heat dissipation under the low-temperature working condition is solved, and the normal starting of the fuel cell system and the power battery system under the low-temperature working condition is ensured.
4. The control method and the strategy of the invention are designed aiming at the characteristics of the cold glue and the structure of the hydrothermal management system, and the control strategy is simple and the calculated amount of the controller is reduced on the premise of ensuring the performance of the thermal management system.
5. The invention realizes the purposes of quick heating and cooling of the fuel cell automobile electricity-electricity hybrid thermal management system by connecting the fuel cell water management system and the power cell thermal management system in series and controlling the opening and closing of the PTC heater and the electric three-way valve, thereby reasonably utilizing the waste water and the waste heat of the fuel cell and improving the energy utilization efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electrical-to-electrical hybrid fuel cell vehicle water heat management system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the control system of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a water heat management system of an electric hybrid fuel cell vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogel placement and installation method in a power battery system of the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a fuel cell stack, 2 is a first water pump, 3 is a first electric three-way valve, 4 is a PTC heater, 5 is a condenser, 6 is a second electric three-way valve, 7 is a pressure detection unit, 8 is a power battery system, 9 is a second water pump, 10 is a third electric three-way valve, 11 is a heat preservation water storage tank, 12 is a radiator fan, 13 is a radiator, 14 is a power battery module, and 15 is hydrogel.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, an electric-electric hybrid fuel cell vehicle hydrothermal management system is used for performing hydrothermal management and control on an electric-electric hybrid fuel cell vehicle, and the system includes a fuel cell stack 1, a power cell system, a power cell thermal management system, a fuel cell thermal management system, a controller, a temperature detection unit, and a pressure detection unit 7;
the power battery system is composed of a plurality of power battery modules 14 and a battery box body, the power battery box body is provided with vent holes, and gaseous water generated by heat absorption phase change in hydrogel is discharged through the vent holes.
The power battery heat management system is composed of a first electric three-way valve 3, a PTC heater 4, a second electric three-way valve 6, a power battery system 8, a second water pump 9, a third electric three-way valve 10, a radiator fan 12 and a radiator 13; the relative position and connection relation of each sub-component in the power battery thermal management system are shown as follows, and a radiator fan 12 is arranged behind a radiator 13; the first electric three-way valve 3 is arranged at the water outlet of the radiator; a first water pump 2 and a PTC heater 4 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the water tank; the inlet and the outlet of the power battery system 8 are respectively provided with a second electric three-way valve 6 and a second water pump 9; the second water pump 9 is connected to a third electric three-way valve 10. The sub-components of the system have the following functions: the first electric three-way valve 3, the second electric three-way valve 6 and the third electric three-way valve 10 are used for controlling the opening and closing of the loop; the PTC heater indirectly heats the power battery system by directly heating cooling water; a second water pump 9 is used for conveying the cooling liquid in the circuit; the radiator fan 12 and the radiator 13 are used to cool the high-temperature coolant discharged from the fuel cell stack. When the vehicle is in operation, different switching passageways are selected according to the high and low temperature working conditions by the first electric three-way valve 3 and the second electric three-way valve 6, cooling water is injected into the hydrogel 15 through an external pipeline, and the cooling water in the hydrogel 15 absorbs heat generated by the battery through being attached between the battery core and the battery core or around the module to generate heat transfer or phase change so as to heat or cool the power battery system.
The fuel cell heat management system consists of a first water pump 2, a first electric three-way valve 3, a radiator 13, a cooling fan assembly 12, a third electric three-way valve 10, a heat-preservation water storage tank 11, a fuel cell stack 1 and a condenser 5; the heat preservation water storage tank 11 is a heat preservation tank body made of heat preservation materials. The relative positions and connections of the various sub-components within the fuel cell thermal management system are as follows: the inlet and the outlet of the fuel cell stack 1 are respectively provided with a first water pump 2 and a heat preservation water storage tank 11; the radiator fan 12 is installed behind the radiator 13, and the radiator fan and the radiator are integrated and installed between the first electric three-way valve 3 and the third electric three-way valve 10; the two ends of the condenser 5 are respectively connected with the fuel cell stack 1 and the second electric three-way valve 6 and are arranged in front of the radiator 13. Each subcomponent in the above system has the following functions: the first water pump 2 is used for conveying cooling liquid in the loop; the first electric three-way valve 3 and the third electric three-way valve 10 are used for controlling the opening and closing of the loop; the radiator fan 12 and the radiator 13 are used for cooling the high-temperature coolant discharged by the fuel cell stack; the condenser 5 is used for condensing saturated water vapor discharged by the fuel cell into liquid water, and then the liquid water flows into the hydrogel 15 of the power cell thermal management system; the heat preservation water storage tank 11 is used for storing high-temperature cooling liquid flowing out during the last operation so as to ensure that a heat source heats the power battery; under the low-temperature working condition, the stored high-temperature cooling liquid flows into the hydrogel to heat the power battery system, so that the water heat distribution condition of the fuel cell water heat management system is in a reasonable state.
As shown in fig. 4, the invention further provides an installation method of hydrogel, and the hydrogel is installed on two sides of the power battery module and between the battery core and the battery core.
The controller includes an embedded processor.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the present invention further provides a control method of the above-mentioned electric-electric hybrid fuel cell automobile water heat management system, wherein,
the temperature control method comprises the following steps: when a vehicle is started, the controller detects whether the temperature of the power battery system is lower than a starting temperature, if so, the first electric three-way valve 3, the second electric three-way valve 6 and the third electric three-way valve 10 are opened, and high-temperature coolant in the heat-insulation water storage tank 11 flows into the hydrogel 15, so that the temperature of the power battery system quickly reaches the starting temperature; when the temperature of the power battery system reaches the starting temperature, the power battery system drives the PTC heater 4 to heat the cooling liquid, and detects whether the temperature of the fuel cell stack is lower than the starting temperature, if so, the second water pump 9, the third electric three-way valve 10 and the first water pump 2 are simultaneously started, and the high-temperature liquid enters the fuel cell stack 1 to heat the fuel cell stack 1; if the temperature is higher than the starting temperature of the fuel cell stack 1, the PTC heater is closed; the controller detects the temperature of the fuel cell stack 1, if the temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 is too high, the cooling liquid flows through the heat preservation water storage tank 11 to store a part of high-temperature cooling liquid, the radiator fan 12 is started, then the cooling liquid flows through the radiator 13 to be cooled, and the cooling liquid cooled by the radiator 13 is transmitted into the fuel cell stack 1 through the first water pump 2 to be cooled; if the temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 is lower than the proper temperature, closing the second water pump 9, the first water pump 2, the first electric three-way valve 3 and the second electric three-way valve 6; if the temperature of the power battery is too high, the first electric three-way valve 3 is opened, water vapor and liquid water discharged by the fuel battery stack 1 are cooled by the condenser 5 and then become low-temperature liquid water, the low-temperature liquid water flows into the hydrogel 15 by controlling the opening and closing of the electric three-way valve 3, the low-temperature liquid water absorbs heat generated by the battery by being attached between the battery cell and the battery cell or around the module 14 to generate phase change, so that the power battery system is cooled or cooled, and further the generated gas water is blown away by natural wind.
The pressure control method comprises the following steps: the pressure sensor 7 is used for acquiring the pressure of the cooling liquid in the hydrogel 15, and if the monitored pressure value is higher than a threshold value, the second water pump 9 is started to discharge the cooling liquid in the hydrogel, so that the pressure in the hydrogel 15 is finally reduced.
The invention can carry out water heat management on the hybrid power fuel cell vehicle according to different high-temperature and low-temperature working conditions, utilizes the heat and the moisture in the tail gas discharged by the fuel cell to cool and heat the power cell, reduces the number of parts, and achieves the aims of reducing the cost and lightening the weight.
The above-listed detailed description is merely a detailed description of possible embodiments of the present invention, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The electric-electric hybrid fuel cell automobile water heat management system is characterized by comprising a power cell heat management system, a fuel cell heat management system, a controller and a detection unit;
the power battery thermal management system comprises a first electric three-way valve (3), a PTC heater (4), a second electric three-way valve (6), a power battery system (8), a second water pump (9), a third electric three-way valve (10), a radiator fan (12) and a radiator (13); cooling water is injected into the hydrogel (15) through an external pipeline, and the cooling water in the hydrogel (15) absorbs heat generated by the battery through being attached between the battery core and the battery core or around the module to generate heat transfer or phase change so as to heat or cool the power battery system;
the fuel cell heat management system comprises a first water pump (2), a first electric three-way valve (3), a radiator (13), a radiator fan (12), a third electric three-way valve (10), a heat preservation water storage tank (11), a fuel cell stack (1) and a condenser (5); the heat preservation water storage tank (11) stores high-temperature cooling liquid flowing out in the last running process, and the stored high-temperature cooling liquid flows into hydrogel (15) to heat the power battery system under the low-temperature working condition; the condenser (5) is arranged in front of the radiator (13), and the condenser (5) is used for condensing saturated water vapor discharged by the fuel cell into liquid water, and then the liquid water flows into a hydrogel body of the power battery thermal management system; the radiator (13) is used for cooling the cooling liquid of the fuel cell, and forms a cooling loop together with the second water pump and the heat-preservation water storage tank;
the controller controls the working states of the PTC heater (4), the water pump set, the radiator (13) and the radiator fan (12) according to the detection result of the detection unit, and then low-temperature cold start and constant-temperature running state control of the fuel cell system and the power cell system are carried out.
2. The electric-electric hybrid fuel cell vehicle water heat management system of claim 1, wherein the power cell heat management system is specifically configured to:
the radiator fan (12) is arranged behind the radiator (13); the first electric three-way valve (3) is arranged at the water outlet of the radiator; a first water pump (2) and a PTC heater (4) are respectively arranged at the two ends of the water tank; the inlet and the outlet of the power battery system (8) are respectively provided with a second electric three-way valve (6) and a second water pump (9); the second water pump (9) is connected with a third electric three-way valve (10);
the sub-components of the system have the following functions: the first electric three-way valve (3), the second electric three-way valve (6) and the third electric three-way valve (10) are used for controlling the opening and closing of the loop; the PTC heater (4) indirectly heats the power battery system through the direct heating of cooling water; the second water pump (9) is used for conveying the cooling liquid in the loop; the radiator fan (12) and the radiator (13) are used for cooling high-temperature cooling liquid discharged by the fuel cell stack; when a vehicle runs, the first electric three-way valve (3) and the second electric three-way valve (6) select different opening and closing passages according to high and low temperature working conditions, cooling water is injected into the hydrogel (15) through an external pipeline, and the cooling water in the hydrogel (15) absorbs heat generated by a battery through being attached between the battery core and the battery core or around the module to generate heat to be transferred or change phase to heat or cool the power battery system.
3. The electric-electric hybrid fuel cell vehicle water heat management system of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell heat management system is specifically configured to:
the inlet and the outlet of the fuel cell stack (1) are respectively provided with a first water pump (2) and a heat preservation water storage tank (11); the radiator fan (12) is arranged behind the radiator (13), and the radiator fan are integrated and then arranged between the first electric three-way valve (3) and the third electric three-way valve (10); two ends of the condenser (5) are respectively connected with the fuel cell stack (1) and the second electric three-way valve (6) and are arranged in front of the radiator (13);
each subcomponent in the above system has the following functions: the first water pump (2) is used for conveying cooling liquid in the loop; the first electric three-way valve (3) and the third electric three-way valve (10) are used for controlling the opening and closing of the loop; the radiator fan (12) and the radiator (13) are used for cooling high-temperature cooling liquid discharged by the fuel cell stack; the condenser (5) is used for condensing saturated water vapor discharged by the fuel cell into liquid water, and then the liquid water flows into hydrogel (15) of the power cell thermal management system; the heat preservation water storage tank (11) is used for storing high-temperature cooling liquid flowing out during the last operation so as to ensure that a heat source heats the power battery; and under the low-temperature working condition, the stored high-temperature cooling liquid flows into the hydrogel to heat the power battery system, so that the water heat distribution condition of the fuel battery water heat management system is in a reasonable state.
4. The electric-electric hybrid fuel cell vehicle water heat management system according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell stack (1) is formed by stacking at least two single fuel cells in series;
the power battery system (8) is composed of a plurality of power battery modules and a battery box body.
5. The electric-electric hybrid fuel cell automobile water heat management system according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit comprises two temperature detection units and a pressure detection unit, and the temperature detection units are respectively arranged inside the fuel cell stack system and the power cell system; the pressure detection unit is arranged at the inlet of the hydrogel body to detect the pressure of the cooling liquid.
6. The electric-electric hybrid fuel cell vehicle water heat management system of claim 1, wherein said controller employs an embedded processor; the heat preservation water storage tank (11) is a heat preservation tank body made of heat preservation materials.
7. The control method of the electric-electric hybrid fuel cell vehicle hydrothermal management system according to claim 1, comprising the temperature control and pressure control method:
the temperature control method comprises the following steps: the temperature detection units in the fuel cell stack and the power cell system respectively collect the temperatures of the stack and the power cell, and if the temperatures of the power cell system and the fuel cell system are lower than the starting temperature, the electric three-way valve, the PTC heater power cell system and the fuel cell stack are controlled to heat in a certain sequence;
the pressure control method comprises the following steps: the pressure of cooling liquid in the hydrogel (15) is collected through the pressure sensor (7), and if the monitored pressure value is higher than a threshold value, the second water pump (9) is started to discharge the cooling liquid in the hydrogel, so that the pressure in the hydrogel (15) is finally reduced.
8. The method for controlling the electric-electric hybrid fuel cell vehicle water heat management system according to claim 7, wherein the temperature control method comprises: the controller detects whether the temperature of the power battery system is lower than the starting temperature, if so, the first electric three-way valve (3), the second electric three-way valve (6) and the third electric three-way valve (10) are opened, and the high-temperature coolant in the heat-preservation water storage tank (11) flows into hydrogel (15), so that the temperature of the power battery system quickly reaches the starting temperature; when the temperature of the power battery system reaches the starting temperature, the power battery system drives the PTC heater (4) to heat the cooling liquid, whether the temperature of the fuel cell stack is lower than the starting temperature or not is detected, if the temperature of the fuel cell stack is lower than the starting temperature, the second water pump (9), the third electric three-way valve (10) and the first water pump (2) are simultaneously started, and high-temperature liquid enters the fuel cell stack (1) to heat the fuel cell stack (1); if the temperature is higher than the starting temperature of the fuel cell stack (1), the PTC heater (4) is closed; the controller detects the temperature of the fuel cell stack (1), if the temperature of the fuel cell stack (1) is too high, the cooling liquid flows through the heat preservation water storage tank (11) to store a part of high-temperature cooling liquid, the radiator fan (12) is started, then the cooling liquid flows through the radiator (13) to be cooled, and the cooling liquid cooled by the radiator (13) is transmitted into the fuel cell stack (1) through the first water pump (2) to be cooled; if the temperature of the fuel cell stack (1) is lower than the proper temperature, closing the second water pump (9), the first water pump (2), the first electric three-way valve (3) and the second electric three-way valve (6); if power battery temperature is too high, open first electronic three-way valve (3), fuel cell pile (1) exhaust vapor and liquid rivers become low temperature liquid water after condenser (5) cooling, later through the switching of the first electronic three-way valve (3) of control, let low temperature liquid rivers flow into among hydrogel (15), low temperature liquid water is through pasting between electric core and electric core or module (14) absorb the battery heat production all around and take place the phase transition and dispel the heat or cool off power battery system, and then produce gaseous water and be blown away by natural wind.
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