CN112679276A - Polyurethane coated urea for further improving nitrogen utilization rate - Google Patents
Polyurethane coated urea for further improving nitrogen utilization rate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses polyurethane coated urea for further improving nitrogen utilization rate, which is characterized in that large-particle urea and nickel-containing trace elements are granulated to form inner-layer particles, and the outer layer is coated with polyurethane. On one hand, the nickel element is a component of urease, and the nickel element is added into the film and is released outside the film along with urea, so that the activity of the urease is improved, the urea can be promoted to be converted into ammonium nitrogen, the time of the urea form existing in soil is reduced, and the urea leaching loss is reduced; on the other hand, after the plants absorb the nickel element, the nickel promotes the growth of plant roots and young shoots and simultaneously promotes photosynthesis, thereby improving the active absorption and transformation capacity of the plants to nitrogen. The urea and the nitrogen fertilizer are linked and cooperated, so that the urea can be promoted to be converted into ammonium nitrogen, the active absorption of nitrogen by plants can be promoted, and the nutrients released outside the film can be quickly absorbed and utilized by the plants, thereby reducing the time of the nitrogen fertilizer existing in the soil, reducing the loss of nitrogen and improving the utilization rate of the nitrogen in the coated urea.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of controlled release fertilizers, in particular to polyurethane coated urea for further improving the nitrogen utilization rate.
Background
Although the trace elements are in small content in crops, the trace elements play a crucial role in the growth and development of plants, are components of enzymes or coenzymes in plants, have strong specificity, and are indispensable and irreplaceable for the growth and development of crops. Therefore, when a plant lacks any trace element, growth and development are inhibited, resulting in reduced yield and quality. When the plant has enough trace elements, the physiological function is vigorous, which is favorable for the absorption and utilization of the crop to the major elements and can improve the colloid chemical property of the cell protoplasm, thereby increasing the concentration of the protoplasm and enhancing the adverse resistance of the crop to adverse environment. For example, nitrate reductase of higher plants and nitrogen fixation enzyme with biological nitrogen fixation function are both molybdenum-containing proteins, and sufficient molybdenum fertilizer can greatly improve nitrogen fixation capacity and protein content. The physiological function of molybdenum is seen to be highlighted in nitrogen metabolism. The molybdenum can also promote the intensity of photosynthesis and eliminate the toxic action caused by the accumulation of active aluminum in acid soil in plants. Zn is Zn2+The zinc can well change the proportion of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen in the plant body in nitrogen metabolism, greatly improve the drought resistance and low temperature resistance and promote the healthy growth of branches and leaves; zinc is involved in chlorophyll production, preventing degradation of chlorophyll and formation of carbohydrates; zinc is mainly involved in auxin synthesis and is an activator of some enzymes (such as glutamate dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase).
The nickel content in most vegetative organs of plants is generally 0.05-10 mg/kg-1In the range of 1.10 mg/kg as an average-1. Low concentrations of nickel stimulate seed germination and seedling growth in many plants, such as wheat, peas, castor beans, lupins, soybeans, rice, and the like. The test proves that 100 mg.L is used-1The nickel can promote the growth of root system and overground part. When the content of nickel in the seeds is 100mg g-1When the following, the seed germination rate increases with increasing nickel content; when the nickel content is more than 100mg g-1At dry weight, the germination rate of the seeds is unchanged and no obvious inhibition is shown. Allantoin is a nitrogen metabolite during seed germination, and thus requires nickel to participate in these metabolic activities to promote seed germination, and this effect affects offspring. Therefore, nickel has a growth promoting effect on plants to which urea is applied or allantoin is produced during metabolism. Nickel is probably required for participation in urea metabolism to promote seed germination. In addition, the survival rate of nickel-deficient seeds could be increased by nickel-soaking, indicating that nickel is essential for the development of the parent plant seeds.
Urease is the only nickel-containing enzyme currently known in higher plants, and its role is to catalyze the hydrolysis of urea into ammonium nitrogen and carbon dioxide. Not only the decomposition of urea fertilizers in soil requires nickel-containing urease, but also the plant body requires nickel-containing urease when urea is used as a nitrogen source. If the soil is applied with excessive urea and insufficient nickel, the urease activity is reduced, so that excessive accumulation of urea in the body can cause abnormal and even necrotic leaves. Even if higher plants do not use urea as a nitrogen source, urea may accumulate in the body during metabolism, and thus a proper amount of nickel is required to promote urea decomposition. The nickel element is important in plant nitrogen metabolism because it is a component of urease. Without the nickel element, urea conversion is impossible to accomplish. The transformation of urea can provide sufficient nitrogen elements for plants, and promote the growth of plant roots and young shoots. Meanwhile, the photosynthesis is promoted, and the plant has sufficient energy to grow and develop. As a obvious example, if the soybeans lack nickel during the growth process, the production and activity of urease are affected, and the conversion of urea is affected, the soybeans cannot obtain sufficient nitrogen, and the yield and the quality of the soybeans are affected. Meanwhile, the plants cannot transform the urea which is absorbed too much, but can generate toxic action on the plants. Nie-Xian-Shi et al in Nickel (Ni)2+) Silver (Ag)+) Effect on senescence of elongated Rice leaves [ Hubei agricultural science, 1988, (9): 8-10]One text states that: when the leaf is aged, the contents of protein and chlorophyll are reduced, the photosynthesis is reduced, and the reduction of the photosynthesis has great influence on the yield of crops. The research shows that: nickel is effectiveThe rice leaf senescence is delayed, so that the leaf can keep higher chlorophyll, protein and phospholipid contents and higher membrane lipid unsaturation index. The nickel delaying senescence of plants may be achieved by controlling the endogenous ethylene production in plants. It can be seen from this that: in the process of plant growth, a proper amount of nickel element is applied at proper time, so that the effect of delaying plant senescence can be achieved, the photosynthesis of the plant can be promoted, and the plant needs to absorb more nutrients to meet the growth of the plant.
The plants absorb mainly the ionic nickel (Ni)2+) And secondly nickel in the complexed state. The uptake of nickel by plants from soil is influenced by a number of external conditions, of which the soil-substitutional nickel content and pH have the greatest influence. As the nickel concentration in the soil increases, the nickel uptake of plants also increases. When the pH value of the soil is increased, the effectiveness of nickel is reduced, and the nickel absorption amount of plants is reduced. The effectiveness of nickel is greatly enhanced when the soil pH is below 5.5. Because of the competitive absorption relationship between nickel and ions such as calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc and the like, the ions can reduce the absorption of nickel by plants. In addition, the presence of organic matter or artificially synthesized chelators in the soil greatly reduces the nickel uptake by plants.
The Chinese patent with the patent number of CN201510595057.5 discloses a preparation method of a vegetable oil-based polyurethane coated fertilizer with improved water resistance. The method comprises the following steps: (1) modification treatment of vegetable oil polyol: adding hydrolysis stabilizer with the addition amount of 0.2-5% into vegetable oil polyalcohol, and stirring at high temperature to obtain modified vegetable oil polyalcohol; (2) preparing a polyurethane coated urea slow-release fertilizer: weighing large-particle urea, heating to 78-80 ℃, preserving heat, fully mixing the modified vegetable oil polyol prepared in the step (1) with a lubricant, mixing with isocyanate, uniformly coating on the surface of urea particles, fully mixing the urea particles with a coating solution in a rotary drum, gradually crosslinking and curing the coating solution, and finally forming the polyurethane coated urea slow-release fertilizer. The polyurethane coated fertilizer prepared by the invention has the performance of water resistance, and can slowly release urea in water for 40-50 days. The technology provided by the invention not only slows down the later hydrolysis speed of the coating material, but also obviously prolongs the initial hydrolysis time in the early stage, and the technology is applied to the coated fertilizer, so that the initial nutrient release time and the overall release time of the product are obviously prolonged. However, the coated urea adopts a conventional preparation method, and the controlled release principle is that the urea in the film is slowly released through the water resistance of the coating, but the existence time of the urea form in the film cannot be ensured, the urea loss is reduced, and the utilization rate of nitrogen is improved.
The Chinese patent with the patent number CN201610740592.X discloses a preparation process of coated urea. The method comprises the steps of firstly preparing polyvinyl alcohol-starch cross-linked liquid, then pouring the polyvinyl alcohol-starch cross-linked liquid and calcium hydrogen phosphate powder into an airflow type atomizer, atomizing by compressed air, and spraying the atomized liquid on the surface of urea particles rolling in a rotary drum to form the coated urea. The preparation method does not use any toxic and harmful organic solvent, has the characteristic of environmental protection, and the produced coated urea does not pollute the environment while ensuring the fertility. The coated urea has simple preparation method, does not contain nickel element, and cannot promote the conversion of urea to ammonium nitrogen, so the coated urea cannot improve the utilization rate of nitrogen.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides polyurethane coated urea for further improving the nitrogen utilization rate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the polyurethane coated urea further improves the utilization rate of nitrogen, nickel-containing trace elements are added into large-particle urea in the coated urea, and the coated material is polyurethane.
Wherein, the fertilizer core granules in the film in the polyurethane coated urea are prepared by adopting the following two granulation methods:
the first method is as follows: during urea granulation, a proper amount of nickel-containing trace elements are added into a urea solution melted in a synthesis tower, and the urea solution is stirred, decompressed and cooled, and then granulated in a granulation tower to obtain fertilizer core urea granules containing nickel elements.
The second method comprises the following steps:
(1) preheating large-particle urea;
(2) dissolving nickel-containing trace elements in water to obtain a dissolved solution;
(3) and uniformly spraying the solution on the surface of the preheated large-particle urea at one time, drying, wherein the addition amount of the solution is 1.2-1.5% of the mass of the urea, and drying to obtain the fertilizer core urea particles.
Further, the nickel-containing trace element is nickel salt, or a combination of nickel element and at least one element of the trace elements of zinc, titanium, molybdenum and cobalt.
Further, the nickel-containing trace element is one of a nickel-zinc combined trace element, a nickel-titanium combined trace element, a nickel-molybdenum combined trace element, a nickel-cobalt combined trace element, a nickel-zinc-molybdenum combined trace element or a nickel-cobalt combined trace element.
Further, the nickel salt is at least one of nickel chloride, nickel nitrate, nickel sulfate, Ni-EDTA or Ni-DTPA.
Further, the weight of the nickel salt added during the granulation is 0.2-80mol/103And kg of urea.
Further, the nickel salt is nickel chloride and nickel nitrate, and the weight of the nickel salt is 10-30mol/103And kg of urea.
Furthermore, the nickel in the nickel-zinc combined trace elements is nickel salt in nickel chloride, nickel nitrate, nickel sulfate, Ni-EDTA or Ni-DTPA, and the zinc in the nickel-zinc combined trace elements is one of zinc chloride or zinc sulfate.
Furthermore, during the granulation, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-zinc combined element is 0.1-40mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the zinc chloride or the zinc sulfate is 0.3-40mol/103And kg of urea.
Furthermore, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-zinc combined element is 5-15mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the zinc chloride or the zinc sulfate is 5-15mol/103And kg of urea.
Furthermore, the nickel in the nickel-titanium combined trace elements is nickel salt in nickel chloride, nickel nitrate, nickel sulfate, Ni-EDTA or Ni-DTPA, and the titanium in the nickel-titanium combined trace elements is titanium sulfate or titanium tetrachloride.
Further, during granulation, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-titanium combined element is 0.1-40mol/103The weight of kg of urea, titanium sulfate or titanium tetrachloride is 0.2-25mol/103And kg of urea.
Further, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-titanium combined element is 5-25mol/103The weight of kg of urea, titanium sulfate or titanium tetrachloride is 0.5-10mol/103And kg of urea.
Furthermore, the nickel in the nickel-molybdenum combined trace elements is nickel salt in nickel chloride, nickel nitrate, nickel sulfate, Ni-EDTA or Ni-DTPA, and the molybdenum in the nickel-molybdenum combined trace elements is one of sodium molybdate or molybdenum pentachloride.
Furthermore, during the granulation, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-molybdenum combined element is 0.1-40mol/103The weight of kg urea and sodium molybdate or molybdenum pentachloride is 0.15-25mol/103And kg of urea.
Furthermore, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-molybdenum combined element is 5-25mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the sodium molybdate or the molybdenum pentachloride is 0.5-10mol/103And kg of urea.
Further, the nickel in the nickel-cobalt combined trace element is nickel salt in nickel chloride, nickel nitrate, nickel sulfate, Ni-EDTA or Ni-DTPA, and the cobalt in the nickel-cobalt combined trace element is cobalt sulfate or cobalt chloride.
Further, during granulation, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-cobalt combined element is 0.1-40mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the cobalt sulfate or the cobalt chloride is 0.3-40mol/103And kg of urea.
Furthermore, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-cobalt combined element is 5-15mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the cobalt sulfate or the cobalt chloride is 5-15mol/103And kg of urea.
Further, the nickel in the nickel-zinc-molybdenum combined trace elements is nickel salt in nickel chloride, nickel nitrate, nickel sulfate, Ni-EDTA or Ni-DTPA, the zinc in the nickel-zinc-molybdenum combined trace elements is one of zinc chloride or zinc sulfate, and the molybdenum in the nickel-zinc-molybdenum combined trace elements is one of sodium molybdate or molybdenum pentachloride.
Furthermore, during the granulation, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-zinc-molybdenum combined element is 0.1-30mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the zinc chloride or the zinc sulfate is 0.2-25mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the sodium molybdate or the molybdenum pentachloride is 0.1 to 20mol/103And kg of urea.
Furthermore, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-zinc-molybdenum combined element is 0.5-10mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the zinc chloride or the zinc sulfate is 5-15mol/103kg, the weight of the sodium molybdate or the molybdenum pentachloride is 1-10mol/103And kg of urea.
Further, the nickel in the nickel-titanium-cobalt combined trace element is nickel salt in nickel chloride, nickel nitrate, nickel sulfate, Ni-EDTA or Ni-DTPA, the titanium in the nickel-titanium-cobalt combined trace element is one of titanium sulfate or titanium tetrachloride, and the cobalt is one of cobalt sulfate or cobalt chloride.
Further, during granulation, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-titanium-cobalt combined element is 0.1-30mol/103The weight of kg of urea, titanium sulfate or titanium tetrachloride is 0.2-20mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the cobalt sulfate or the cobalt chloride is 0.2-25mol/103And kg of urea.
Furthermore, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-titanium-cobalt composite element is 0.5-10mol/103The weight of kg of urea, titanium sulfate or titanium tetrachloride is 0.5-10mol/103kg, the weight of the cobalt sulfate or the cobalt chloride is 5-15mol/103And kg of urea.
The polyurethane coated urea of the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects and advantages by combining the attached drawings of the specification:
(1) the preparation process of the polyurethane coated urea has the advantages of low cost, simple and convenient operation and easy realization of industrialization.
(2) The added nickel and the combined trace elements thereof are all easy to dissolve in water and are various important elements required by the growth of plants, and the ionic nickel and the combined ionic trace elements thereof are all easy to be absorbed by the plants and provide nutrients required by the growth of the plants.
(3) The nickel-containing trace elements are added into the film, and through the controlled release effect of the polyurethane film, the nickel-containing trace elements and the urea are slowly released outside the film, so that the activity of urease is increased, the conversion of the urea into ammonium nitrogen can be well controlled, the time of the urea form and the leaching loss of the urea are reduced, the utilization rate of nitrogen in the coated urea is improved, and the fertilizer waste and the environmental pollution are reduced.
(4) The nickel-containing trace elements are added into the film, the nickel element is released outside the film, and after the nickel element is absorbed by the plant, the nickel promotes the growth of the root system and the young sprout of the plant and simultaneously promotes the photosynthesis, thereby improving the active absorption and transformation capacity of the plant to nitrogen.
(5) According to application test results in specific embodiments, the application of the novel polyurethane coated urea can improve crop yield, save cost, remarkably improve economic benefit and have substantive characteristics and progress.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a mechanism diagram of the present invention that nickel promotes urea conversion and improves the active nitrogen absorption of plants;
labeled as: 1. coating with polyurethane; 2. large granular urea; 3. contains nickel trace elements.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
A polyurethane coated urea for further improving nitrogen utilization rate is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing fertilizer core particles in the film: when preparing urea, adding nickel chloride into the molten urea solution in the synthesis tower, wherein the weight ratio of the added nickel chloride is 20mol/103kg of urea, stirring, reducing the pressure and the temperature, and then granulating in a granulation tower to obtain the productFertilizer core urea granules of nickel;
(2) preparing coated urea: heating the prepared fertilizer core urea particles to 55-70 ℃ in a coating machine, adding the prepared coating material into the coating machine before coating each time, fully mixing in the coating machine to quickly form a uniform coating layer on the surface of the core fertilizer, and repeating the steps for 4-7 times to prepare the polyurethane coated urea for further improving the nitrogen utilization rate.
Example 2
A polyurethane coated urea for further improving nitrogen utilization rate is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing fertilizer core particles in the film: when preparing the urea, adding nickel chloride and zinc chloride into the molten urea solution in the synthesis tower, wherein the weight ratio of the added nickel chloride to the added zinc chloride is 10mol/10 mol respectively3The preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) stirring and reducing pressure and temperature of kg of urea, and then granulating in a granulation tower to obtain fertilizer core urea particles containing nickel elements;
(2) preparing coated urea: the same as in example 1.
Example 3
A polyurethane coated urea for further improving nitrogen utilization rate is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing fertilizer core particles in the film: preheating 4kg of large-particle urea, dissolving 0.06mol of nickel nitrate and 0.02mol of titanium sulfate in a proper amount of water, spraying the solution on the surface of the preheated large-particle urea at one time, drying, uniformly coating the urea on the surface by mass, wherein the addition amount of the liquid is 1.2-1.5% of the mass of the urea, and drying to obtain fertilizer core urea particles;
(2) preparing coated urea: the same as in example 1.
Example 4
A polyurethane coated urea for further improving nitrogen utilization rate is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing fertilizer core particles in the film: preheating 3kg of large-particle urea, dissolving 0.45mol of nickel nitrate and 0.015mol of molybdenum pentachloride in a proper amount of water, spraying the solution on the surface of the preheated large-particle urea at one time, drying, uniformly coating the urea on the surface of the urea by using the liquid with the addition amount of 1.2-1.5% of the mass of the urea by mass, and drying to obtain the fertilizer core urea particles.
(2) Preparing coated urea: the same as in example 1.
Example 5
A polyurethane coated urea for further improving nitrogen utilization rate is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing fertilizer core particles in the film: preheating 3.5kg of large-particle urea, dissolving 0.035mol of nickel nitrate and 0.035mol of cobalt chloride in a proper amount of water, spraying the solution on the surface of the preheated large-particle urea at one time, drying, uniformly coating the urea on the surface by mass, wherein the addition amount of the liquid is 1.2-1.5% of the mass of the urea, and drying to obtain the fertilizer core urea particles.
(2) Preparing coated urea: the same as in example 1.
Example 6
A polyurethane coated urea for further improving nitrogen utilization rate is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing fertilizer core particles in the film: preheating 2kg of large-particle urea, dissolving 0.01mol of nickel nitrate, 0.02mol of zinc sulfate and 0.01mol of sodium molybdate in a proper amount of water, spraying the solution on the surface of the preheated large-particle urea at one time, drying, uniformly coating the urea on the surface of the urea by using the liquid with the addition amount of 1.2-1.5% of the mass of the urea, and drying to obtain the fertilizer core urea particles.
(2) Preparing coated urea: the same as in example 1.
Example 7
A polyurethane coated urea for further improving nitrogen utilization rate is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing fertilizer core particles in the film: taking 3kg of large-particle urea, carrying out preheating treatment, dissolving 0.015mol of nickel sulfate, 0.015mol of titanium sulfate and 0.03mol of cobalt sulfate in a proper amount of water, spraying the solution on the surface of the preheated large-particle urea at one time, drying, uniformly coating the urea on the surface of the urea by using the liquid with the addition amount of 1.2-1.5% of the mass of the urea, and drying to obtain the fertilizer core urea particles.
(2) Preparing coated urea: the same as in example 1.
Comparative example
The common commercial resin coated urea is a commercial product of Michelson agriculture science and technology Limited, Pingyuan county.
Application embodiment mode
The test of the application effect of the coated urea of the above examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples was carried out in the following manner:
test sites: pucheng county, city, town, heaven tree and Xingxing village
Test time: 2019 and 2020
③ wheat variety to be tested: winter wheat 27
Fourthly, the test method: according to the method, the phosphorus-potassium fertilizers in the examples and the comparative examples are used in the same amount and are applied at one time in a bottom application mode, the phosphate fertilizer is superphosphate, and the potassium fertilizer is potassium chloride. The application method of the compound fertilizer containing the polyurethane coated urea and the phosphorus fertilizer and the potassium fertilizer is that wheat seeds and the fertilizer are applied once by a wheat seed and fertilizer co-seeder. The row spacing between the wheat is 16-30 cm, the wheat seeds are about 3 cm below the soil, and the fertilizer is 3-10 cm below the seeds. The row spacing of wheat is increased, the ventilation and light transmittance among the wheat can be improved, and the photosynthesis is enhanced; meanwhile, the fertilizer is positioned in the deep soil, so that the drought resistance and lodging resistance of the wheat are improved. And the seed manure is sowed simultaneously, so that the sowing and the fertilization are simplified, and the labor input is reduced. And compared with the fertilizer of a comparative example, the fertilizer application amount of the comparative example is determined according to the local use amount of the farmers, and the fertilizer application method is also the use method of the farmers. Meanwhile, in order to measure the utilization rate of nitrogen elements, in each fertilization area, the land with the same size as the fertilization area is selected as a blank group, and no fertilizer is applied. The specific test results are shown in tables 1 and 2 below.
Table 1: comparison of the yields of examples and comparative examples
As can be seen from the results in table 1: compared with the common coated urea, the polyurethane coated urea of the examples 1 to 7 which can further improve the nitrogen utilization rate improves the wheat yield and the cost per mu. Therefore, the addition of the nickel element promotes the activity of urease and promotes the conversion of urea into ammonium nitrogen. The release speed of the ammonium nitrogen can be well controlled by combining the controlled release effect of the coating, so that the waste is avoided, and the nitrogen nutrient required by the wheat in each period of growth can be provided.
Table 2: utilization rate of polyurethane coated urea
| Treatment of | Nitrogen (mg/kg) | Utilization rate |
| Example 1 | 29.9 | 55.0％ |
| Example 2 | 30.1 | 57.0％ |
| Example 3 | 30.3 | 59.0％ |
| Example 4 | 30.2 | 58.0％ |
| Example 5 | 30.0 | 56.0％ |
| Example 6 | 30.5 | 61.0％ |
| Example 7 | 30.4 | 60.0％ |
| Comparative example | 29.6 | 52.0％ |
| Before fertilization | 38.0 | / |
| Blank group | 13.6 | / |
As can be seen from the results in table 2: the nitrogen utilization rate is further improved by applying the polyurethane coated urea for further improving the nitrogen utilization rate, the main reason is that the conversion of ammonium nitrogen is promoted by adding the nickel-containing trace elements, and the urea conversion can provide sufficient nitrogen elements for plants, so that the active absorption capacity of the plants on nitrogen is promoted. From the aspect of economic benefit, the cost can be saved, and the nutrients of the coated urea can be exerted to the maximum. Therefore, the economic benefit obtained by applying the polyurethane coated urea of the invention is obviously improved from the aspects of saving cost and reducing fertilization times.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The polyurethane coated urea is characterized in that nickel-containing trace elements (3) are added into large-particle urea (2) in the coated urea, and the material of the coating is polyurethane (1).
2. The polyurethane coated urea for further improving nitrogen utilization rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer core granules in the film are prepared by granulation in the following way:
during urea granulation, a proper amount of nickel-containing trace elements are added into a urea solution melted in a synthesis tower, and the urea solution is stirred, decompressed and cooled, and then granulated in a granulation tower to obtain fertilizer core urea granules containing nickel elements.
3. The polyurethane coated urea for further improving nitrogen utilization rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer core granules in the film are prepared by granulation in the following way:
(1) preheating large-particle urea;
(2) dissolving nickel-containing trace elements in water to obtain a dissolved solution;
(3) and uniformly spraying the solution on the surface of the preheated large-particle urea at one time, drying, wherein the addition amount of the solution is 1.2-1.5% of the mass of the urea, and drying to obtain the fertilizer core urea particles.
4. The polyurethane coated urea of claim 2 or 3, wherein the nickel-containing trace element is nickel salt, or a combination of nickel element and at least one of the trace elements zinc, titanium, molybdenum and cobalt.
5. The polyurethane coated urea of claim 4, wherein the nickel-containing trace element is one of a nickel-zinc combined trace element, a nickel-titanium combined trace element, a nickel-molybdenum combined trace element, a nickel-cobalt combined trace element, a nickel-zinc-molybdenum combined trace element, or a nickel-titanium-cobalt combined trace element.
6. The polyurethane coated urea for further improving nitrogen utilization rate according to claim 4, wherein the nickel salt is at least one of nickel chloride, nickel nitrate, nickel sulfate, Ni-EDTA or Ni-DTPA.
7. The polyurethane coated urea for further improving nitrogen utilization rate according to claim 6, wherein the weight of the nickel salt added during urea granulation is 0.2-80mol/103And kg of urea.
8. The polyurethane coated urea for further improving nitrogen utilization rate according to claim 7, wherein the nickel salt is nickel chloride and nickel nitrate, and the weight of the nickel salt is 10-30mol/103And kg of urea.
9. The polyurethane coated urea capable of further improving nitrogen utilization rate according to claim 5, wherein the nickel in the nickel-zinc combined trace elements is one of nickel chloride, nickel nitrate, nickel sulfate, Ni-EDTA or Ni-DTPA, and the zinc in the nickel-zinc combined trace elements is one of zinc chloride or zinc sulfate; during granulation, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-zinc combined elements is 0.1-40mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the zinc chloride or the zinc sulfate is 0.3-40mol/103kg of urea;
the nickel in the nickel-titanium combined trace elements is nickel salt in nickel chloride, nickel nitrate, nickel sulfate, Ni-EDTA or Ni-DTPA, and the titanium in the nickel-titanium combined trace elements is one of titanium sulfate or titanium tetrachloride; when in granulation, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-titanium combined element is 0.1-40mol/103The weight of kg of urea, titanium sulfate or titanium tetrachloride is 0.2-25mol/103kg of urea;
the nickel in the nickel-molybdenum combined trace elements is nickel salt in nickel chloride, nickel nitrate, nickel sulfate, Ni-EDTA or Ni-DTPA, and the molybdenum in the nickel-molybdenum combined trace elements is one of sodium molybdate or molybdenum pentachloride; during granulation, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-molybdenum combined element is 0.1-40mol/103The weight of kg urea and sodium molybdate or molybdenum pentachloride is 0.15-25mol/103kg of urea;
the nickel in the nickel-cobalt combined trace element is nickel salt in nickel chloride, nickel nitrate, nickel sulfate, Ni-EDTA or Ni-DTPA, and the cobalt in the nickel-cobalt combined trace element is one of cobalt sulfate or cobalt chloride; when in granulation, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-cobalt combined element is 0.1-40mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the cobalt sulfate or the cobalt chloride is 0.3-40mol/103kg of urea;
the nickel in the nickel-zinc-molybdenum combined trace elements is nickel salt in nickel chloride, nickel nitrate, nickel sulfate, Ni-EDTA or Ni-DTPA, the zinc in the nickel-zinc-molybdenum combined trace elements is one of zinc chloride or zinc sulfate, and the molybdenum in the nickel-zinc-molybdenum combined trace elements is one of sodium molybdate or molybdenum pentachloride; during granulation, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-zinc-molybdenum combined element is 0.1-30mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the zinc chloride or the zinc sulfate is 0.2-25mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the sodium molybdate or the molybdenum pentachloride is 0.1 to 20mol/103kg of urea;
the nickel in the nickel-titanium-cobalt combined trace element is nickel salt in nickel chloride, nickel nitrate, nickel sulfate, Ni-EDTA or Ni-DTPA, the titanium in the nickel-titanium-cobalt combined trace element is one of titanium sulfate or titanium tetrachloride, and the cobalt is cobalt sulfate or titanium tetrachlorideOne of cobalt chloride; when in granulation, the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-titanium-cobalt combined element is 0.1-30mol/103The weight of kg of urea, titanium sulfate or titanium tetrachloride is 0.2-20mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the cobalt sulfate or the cobalt chloride is 0.2-25mol/103And kg of urea.
10. The polyurethane coated urea for further improving nitrogen utilization rate according to claim 9, wherein the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-zinc combined elements is 5-15mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the zinc chloride or the zinc sulfate is 5-15mol/103kg of urea;
the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-titanium combined element is 5-25mol/103The weight of kg of urea, titanium sulfate or titanium tetrachloride is 0.5-10mol/103kg of urea;
the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-molybdenum combined element is 5-25mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the sodium molybdate or the molybdenum pentachloride is 0.5-10mol/103kg of urea;
the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-cobalt combined element is 5-15mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the cobalt sulfate or the cobalt chloride is 5-15mol/103kg of urea;
the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-zinc-molybdenum combined element is 0.5-10mol/103The weight of the kg of urea and the zinc chloride or the zinc sulfate is 5-15mol/103kg, the weight of the sodium molybdate or the molybdenum pentachloride is 1-10mol/103kg of urea;
the weight of the nickel salt in the nickel-titanium-cobalt combined element is 0.5-10mol/103The weight of kg of urea, titanium sulfate or titanium tetrachloride is 0.5-10mol/103kg, the weight of the cobalt sulfate or the cobalt chloride is 5-15mol/103And kg of urea.
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| CN103755483A (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2014-04-30 | 孟庆华 | Special controlled-release fertilizer for summer maize and production method thereof |
| CN110423181A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-08 | 内蒙古博大实地化学有限公司 | A kind of functional urea of fast hydrolyzing and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103755483A (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2014-04-30 | 孟庆华 | Special controlled-release fertilizer for summer maize and production method thereof |
| CN110423181A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-08 | 内蒙古博大实地化学有限公司 | A kind of functional urea of fast hydrolyzing and preparation method thereof |
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